High-speed polarization spectrum detection system

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-speed polarization spectrum detection system, which is used for simultaneously realizing spectrum measurement and polarization measurement on visible light and near-infrared spectrum bands of a target in a target collision process so as to carry out damage evaluation on the target. The optical antenna collects a visible spectrum optical signal and a near-infrared spectrum optical signal of a target, and the visible spectrum optical signal and the near-infrared spectrum optical signal are respectively divided into two paths and respectively enter the spectrum detection module and the polarization detection module; the spectrum detection module is used for performing spectrum measurement on the incident light beams to obtain visible spectrum section spectrum information and near-infrared spectrum section spectrum information; the polarization detection module carries out polarization state modulation and polarization measurement on an incident light beam to obtain visible spectrum polarization information and near-infrared spectrum polarization information. And the servo turntable receives target azimuth information and controls the detection system to point to a target area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric detection, in particular to a high-speed polarization spectrum detection system. Background Art

[0002] The purpose of damage assessment is to predict or evaluate the damage state of the target as much as possible through known information. For the observation and damage assessment of the collision process of high-speed objects, the main focus is on the collision reaction, that is, the rupture and interception of the target structure. In the high-energy segment, impact physics dominates, leading to the decomposition and phase change of the material, followed by the expansion process of the particle cloud, which has obvious multi-dimensional optical radiation characteristics, including the strong "flash" produced by the material ejected from the initial impact point, gas radiation, thermal radiation of the particle cloud, and Mie scattering of the sun. Therefore, by using high-speed photoelectric detection methods to obtain optical multi-dimensional radiation information of the high-speed collision process, it can be used as a basis for damage assessment and effectively make up for the shortcomings of existing damage assessment methods.

[0003] Polarization spectrum detection technology is a new photoelectric detection technology. It integrates the spatial, spectral and polarization information of the target object, which can not only improve the acquisition of information about the target object, but also enhance the detection and recognition capabilities of the target object. The use of the polarization degree and polarization angle information of light can effectively make up for the shortcomings of traditional imaging. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a high-speed polarization spectrum detection system, which can simultaneously realize spectral measurement and polarization measurement of the target's visible light and near-infrared spectrum bands during a target collision, and then conduct damage assessment on the target.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a high-speed polarization spectrum detection system, which is used to simultaneously realize spectral measurement and polarization measurement of the visible light and near-infrared spectrum of the target during the target collision process, and then conduct damage assessment on the target, specifically including:

[0006] The optical antenna includes a visible light antenna and a near-infrared antenna, which respectively collect the visible light spectrum band light signal and the near-infrared light spectrum band light signal of the target; the visible light spectrum band light signal is divided into two paths after beam splitting, and enters the visible light spectrum detection module and the visible light polarization detection module respectively; the near-infrared light spectrum band light signal is divided into two paths after beam splitting, and enters the near-infrared spectrum detection module and the near-infrared polarization detection module respectively;

[0007] The spectrum detection module includes a visible light spectrum detection module and a near infrared spectrum detection module, which respectively perform spectrum measurement on the incident light beam to obtain spectrum information of the visible spectrum band and spectrum information of the near infrared spectrum band;

[0008] The polarization detection module includes a visible light polarization detection module and a near-infrared polarization detection module, which respectively modulate the polarization state of the incident light beam and measure the polarization to obtain polarization information of the visible spectrum and the near-infrared spectrum;

[0009] The servo turntable is used to receive target position information and control the detection system to point to the target area.

[0010] Furthermore, the visible light antenna and the near-infrared antenna adopt a two-way optical antenna discrete design, and both adopt a transmission structure; the transmission structure includes a front mirror group and a rear focusing mirror group, and the front mirror groups of the visible light antenna and the near-infrared antenna both adopt a Galilean-type structured reduced beam telescope system, and the aperture stop of the front mirror group serves as a mirror group exit pupil, which matches the entrance pupil of the rear focusing mirror group; the focusing mirror group in the visible light antenna uses a Cooke-type three-piece mirror as an initial structure, and the focusing mirror group in the near-infrared antenna uses a Petgval structure as an initial structure, and the aperture stop of the focusing mirror group is set at the front end to match the exit pupil of the front mirror group; the focusing mirror group focuses the two beams after splitting respectively, and for the visible light beam, one path enters the visible light spectrum detection module, and the other path enters the visible light polarization detection module, and for the near-infrared beam, one path enters the near-infrared spectrum detection module, and the other path enters the near-infrared polarization detection module.

[0011] Furthermore, the lens material of the front lens group and the rear focusing lens group in the visible light antenna is ZK10, ZF3 or LaF5 glass; the lens material of the front lens group and the rear focusing lens group in the near-infrared antenna is LAF3B, LAK6 or ZF75A glass.

[0012] Furthermore, the entrance pupil diameters of the front lens groups in the visible light antenna and the near-infrared antenna are both 50 mm, the focal lengths of the focusing lens groups are both 20 mm, and the combined focal length with the front lens group is 200 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the visible light spectrum detection module and the near-infrared spectrum detection module both adopt a symmetrical Cheney-Turner optical system structure, and the two spectrum detection modules each include a grating and a spectrum detector; the grating serves as a dispersion element, and diffracts and modulates the incident complex light to different spatial positions of the spectrum detector according to the wavelength from short to long; the spectrum detector selects different detector arrays according to the sampling rates required for the visible light beam and the near-infrared light beam, respectively, and realizes photoelectric detection of the light beams diffracted and modulated to different spatial positions, thereby obtaining spectral information of the visible spectrum segment and the near-infrared spectrum segment.

[0014] Furthermore, the visible light polarization detection module and the near-infrared polarization detection module have the same structure, and each includes three splitter prisms, linear polarizers in three directions and three polarization detectors. The splitter prisms are prism I, prism II and prism III. A splitter film is coated between prism I and prism II, and between prism II and prism III. The light beam incident on the incident surface of prism I is split twice to obtain three light beams with consistent intensity, spectrum and polarization state, which are respectively emitted from the exit surfaces of prism I, prism II and prism III, and the three light beams have the same optical path in the prism; the three linear polarizers are respectively placed between the exit surfaces of prism I, prism II and prism III and the three polarization detectors, and the polarization state of the three light beams is modulated. Each polarization detector performs polarization measurement on the modulated light beam to obtain polarization information, and the image acquisition time and space of the three polarization directions are consistent.

[0015] Furthermore, the polarization directions of the linear polarizers in three directions are 0°, 60° and 120° respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, spatial consistency is achieved through a combination of hardware adjustment and software registration, and temporal consistency is achieved through global exposure and externally triggered high-frequency synchronous acquisition control.

[0017] Furthermore, the linear polarizer in the visible light polarization detection module is a dichroic thin film polarizer; the linear polarizer in the near-infrared polarization detection module is a nanoparticle thin film polarizer; the dichroic thin film polarizer is prepared by gluing a dichroic polarizing film between two pieces of N-BK7 glass coated with an anti-reflection film through epoxy resin; the nanoparticle thin film polarizer is prepared by embedding long ellipsoidal nanoparticles in sodium silicate glass.

[0018] Furthermore, the polarization detector in the visible light polarization detection module adopts a global exposure detector, a window working mode, an array size of 208×198, and a maximum frame rate ≥1000Hz; the polarization detector of the near-infrared polarization detection module adopts a single-point detector, and the working wavelength range is 900~1700nm.

[0019] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0020] The present invention achieves the acquisition of target spectral dimension, polarization dimension and time dimension information using a single device through the design of an optical antenna, a spectral detection module and a high-speed polarization detection module, and can acquire multi-dimensional information of the target at high speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the high-speed polarization spectrum detection system of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the visible light path and polarization measurement channel of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the near infrared spectrum and the spectrum measurement channel part of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spectrum detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of a polarization detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 The extinction ratio and transmittance curve of the visible light polarizer of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 The extinction ratio and transmittance curve of the near-infrared polarizer of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a servo turntable according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The parts of each structure in the accompanying drawings will be described separately. It is worth noting that the components not shown in the drawings or not described in words are forms known to ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field.

[0030] A specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 As shown, the high-speed polarization spectrum photoelectric detection system mainly includes an optical antenna, a spectrum detection module, a high-speed polarization detection module and a servo turntable 7.

[0031] The optical antenna includes a visible light antenna 1 and a near infrared antenna 2, which are respectively used to collect the visible spectrum light signal and the near infrared spectrum light signal of the target; the visible spectrum light signal is divided into two paths after beam splitting, and enters the visible light spectrum detection module 3 and the visible light polarization detection module 5 respectively; the near infrared spectrum light signal is divided into two paths after beam splitting, and enters the near infrared spectrum detection module 4 and the near infrared polarization detection module 6 respectively;

[0032] The spectrum detection module includes a visible light spectrum detection module 3 and a near infrared spectrum detection module 4, which are used to perform spectrum measurement on the incident light beam to obtain spectrum information of the visible spectrum band and spectrum information of the near infrared spectrum band;

[0033] The polarization detection module includes a visible light polarization detection module 5 and a near infrared polarization detection module 6, which are used to modulate the polarization state of the incident light beam and measure the polarization state to obtain polarization information of the visible spectrum and polarization information of the near infrared spectrum respectively;

[0034] The servo turntable 7 is used to receive target position information provided by the outside, control the detection system to achieve rapid rotation, and accurately point to the target area.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the optical antenna is designed as follows:

[0036] Discrete optical antennas are used, and the visible light antenna 1 and near-infrared antenna 2 collect optical signals in two different spectral bands, visible light and near-infrared, respectively. Both adopt a transmission structure design, which is conducive to eliminating chromatic aberration and improving spectral band utilization efficiency.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, the optical antenna is divided into two parts: a front lens group and a rear focusing lens group. The front lens group adopts a 10x telescope system with an effective aperture of 50mm, a Galilean structure, and a ratio of the positive group focal length to the negative group focal length of 10:1. The focusing lens is designed to have a focal length of 200mm and a relative aperture of 4. The layout diagram of the visible light antenna 1 and the polarization measurement channel is shown in FIG. Figure 2 , the layout diagram of the near infrared antenna 2 and the spectrum measurement channel is as follows Figure 3 .

[0038] Front lens group design: The front lens groups of visible light antenna 1 and near-infrared antenna 2 both adopt a Galilean-type reduced beam telescope system. The aperture diaphragm of the front lens group serves as the lens group exit pupil, matching the entrance pupil of the respective rear focusing lens group. The entrance pupil diameter of the front lens groups in the two antennas is designed to be 50mm.

[0039] Design of rear focusing lens group: The focusing lens group in visible light antenna 1 uses Cooke-type three-piece mirror as the initial structure, and the focusing lens group in near-infrared antenna 2 uses Petgval structure as the initial structure. The aperture diaphragms of the focusing lens groups are set at the front end to match the exit pupils of their respective front lens groups; the focal length of the focusing lens groups in the two antennas is designed to be 20mm, and the combined focal length with their respective front lens groups is 200mm.

[0040] Lens design: The lens material of the front lens group and the rear focusing lens group in the visible light antenna 1 is selected from one of ZK10, ZF3, and LaF5 glasses. The lens materials of the front lens group and the rear focusing lens group are the same, for example, both are ZK10. The front lens group in the near-infrared antenna 2 is consistent with the design principle of the visible spectrum segment. The main difference is the choice of lens optical material. The lens material of the front lens group and the rear focusing lens group is one of LAF3B, LAK6, and ZF75A glasses. Both the front lens group and the rear focusing lens group use a cemented lens group to optimize the system chromatic aberration.

[0041] The focusing lens group focuses the two split light beams respectively. For the visible light beam, one path enters the visible light spectrum detection module 3, and the other path enters the visible light polarization detection module 5. For the near-infrared light beam, one path enters the near-infrared spectrum detection module 4, and the other path enters the near-infrared polarization detection module 6.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the spectrum detection module is designed as follows:

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, the structure of the spectrum detection module, namely the visible light spectrum detection module 3 and the near-infrared spectrum detection module 4, is a symmetrical Cheney-Turner optical system structure (also known as a classic CT structure). The light beam enters the spectrum detection module after passing through the optical fiber interface, and uses the grating as a dispersion element to realize photoelectric detection through a linear array spectrum detector. The core optical-mechanical part does not contain moving parts, which can effectively overcome the influence of vibration on the measurement accuracy and has high stability and reliability. The grating diffracts and modulates the incident complex light to different positions of the spectrum detector space according to the monotonic function relationship from short to long wavelengths. The core parameter of the grating that determines the dispersion ability is the line density.

[0044] Selection of linear array spectrum detection: For the visible light spectrum detection module 3, a 4096-pixel CMOS type array is selected to improve the sampling rate; for the near-infrared spectrum detection module 4, an array with slightly larger single pixels and 256 pixels is selected to improve the sampling rate, and the measurement range is expanded by reasonably setting the grating.

[0045] In a possible implementation, the polarization detection module is designed as follows:

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, in the structure of the polarization detection module, the incident light is divided into three beams, which are received by three detectors after passing through the polarizer. It can obtain information on multiple polarization directions of the target at the same time, and each channel is coaxial. It has the advantages of simple structure, convenient calculation, and the ability to detect dynamic targets.

[0047] The visible light polarization detection module 5 and the near-infrared polarization detection module 6 have the same structure, and each includes three beam splitting prisms, three linear polarizers (0°, 60° and 120° respectively) and three polarization detectors, wherein the beam splitting prisms are prism I, prism II and prism III, and broadband non-polarized beam splitting films are plated between prism I and prism II, and between prism II and prism III. The design transmittance-reflection ratio of the first beam splitting film is 2:1, and the design transmittance-reflection ratio of the second beam splitting film is 1:1. The light beam incident on the incident surface S1 of prism I is split twice to obtain an intensity Three light beams with the same spectrum and polarization state are emitted from the S2, S3, and S4 exit surfaces of prism I, prism II, and prism III, respectively. One of the light beams is totally reflected once at the S1 surface of prism 1, and the S2 and S4 surfaces are expanded by prisms. The equivalent surface coincides with the S3 surface, indicating that the optical path of the three light beams is consistent; three linear polarizers are placed between the exit surfaces of prism I, prism II, and prism III and the three polarization detectors, respectively, and the polarization state of the three light beams is modulated. Each polarization detector measures the polarization of the modulated light beam to obtain polarization information. The incident and exit surfaces of the beam splitter prism are coated with anti-reflection films to ensure that its reflection coefficient in the entire working spectrum is ≤0.5%, and the other surfaces are roughened and blackened.

[0048] Linear polarizer selection: The linear polarizer in the visible light polarization detection module 5 is a dichroic thin film polarizer. The dichroic polarizer is glued between two N-BK7 glasses coated with anti-reflection films by epoxy resin, which can highly absorb the suppressed polarization. The linear polarizer in the near-infrared polarization detection module 6 is a nanoparticle thin film polarizer, which is prepared by embedding long ellipsoidal nanoparticles in sodium silicate glass, and two pieces of Schott glass with matching refractive index are used to sandwich the sodium silicate thin film polarizer to improve the strength. This type of polarizer can provide better performance than traditional polymer polarizers in terms of temperature adaptability and extinction ratio.

[0049] Polarization detector selection: A global exposure detector is used in the visible light polarization detection module 5, and the windowing mode is adopted. Under the condition of an array size of 208×198, the maximum frame rate is ≥1000Hz. A single point detector is used in the near-infrared polarization detection module 6, preferably PDAPC3 (Thorlab), which is an OEM-packaged amplified, switchable gain indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) photodetector with an operating wavelength range of 900 to 1700nm.

[0050] In this embodiment, the linear polarizer is glued to the beam splitter prism, the polarization extinction ratio in the visible light band is better than 1000:1, and the average transmittance is 80%. Figure 6 ;Near infrared polarization extinction ratio is better than 400:1, average transmittance is 85%, such as Figure 7To ensure the reliability of the Stokes vector, the image acquisition time and space in the three polarization directions must be consistent. Through the combination of precise adjustment and software registration, the polarization camera can achieve sub-pixel spatial registration accuracy. Time consistency is achieved through global exposure and external trigger synchronous acquisition control.

[0051] In a possible implementation, the servo turntable 7 is designed as follows:

[0052] like Figure 8 As shown, the mechatronics structure is adopted, and the measurement and control unit circuit and control devices are installed inside the mechanical platform. The turntable mechanical platform is designed as a dual-axis TU type, consisting of three major parts: the base, the inner ring azimuth axis system, and the outer ring pitch axis system. The mechanical platform is designed as a dual-axis table-top turntable. The entire turntable consists of three major parts: the azimuth (inner ring) axis system, the pitch (outer ring) axis system, and the installation table, as shown in the figure. Figure 8 As shown. The turntable adopts a TU-shaped structure, that is, the outer T-shaped frame rotates around the vertical axis (azimuth axis), and the U-shaped table rotates around the pitch axis. The azimuth axis rotates 360° continuously, and the pitch axis has an angular range of -30° to +60° (horizontal forward is zero, head up is positive). The azimuth adopts a permanent magnet DC torque motor direct drive, and a high-precision encoder is used as an angle measurement and feedback element; the pitch adopts a high-performance integrated power module, which includes a permanent magnet DC torque motor, a high-precision reducer, a driver and a high-precision encoder, and the driver directly drives the DC motor. The DC torque motor, encoder and driver form two closed-loop controls for the outer ring azimuth axis and the inner ring pitch axis. The mechanical table is designed as a dual-axis table-top turntable. The entire turntable consists of three major parts: the azimuth (inner ring) axis system, the pitch (outer ring) axis system, and the mounting table. The turntable adopts a TU-shaped structure, that is, the outer T-shaped frame rotates around the vertical axis (azimuth axis), and the U-shaped table rotates around the pitch axis. The azimuth axis rotates 360° continuously, and the pitch axis rotates in an angle range of -30° to +60° (horizontal forward is zero, head up is positive). The total weight of the table is about 20kg (excluding load and counterweight), and the maximum size of the table is about 310mm (width) × 205mm (depth) × 310mm (height). The table is mainly composed of the following parts: (1) Azimuth assembly: The azimuth assembly mainly consists of an azimuth base, a bearing group, an azimuth axis, a slip ring, an encoder and an azimuth motor. The motor adopts a direct drive method. In order to improve the accuracy of the shaft system, a pair of angular contact ball bearings installed back to back are selected as supports for the azimuth axis. The bearing group can withstand large radial forces, axial forces and overturning moments. (2) Pitch assembly: The pitch axis system consists of a U-shaped frame, left and right axes, bearings, a high-performance power module, a reducer, an angular position sensor, a mounting table, a mechanical limiter, a power supply and a driver.

[0053] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by way of embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and embodiments that can fall within the scope of the claims of this application all fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

[0054] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-speed polarization spectrum detection system, characterized in that: It is used to simultaneously measure the spectrum and polarization of the visible light and near-infrared spectrum of the target during the target collision process, and then conduct damage assessment on the target, including: The optical antenna comprises a visible light antenna (1) and a near infrared antenna (2), which respectively collect the visible light spectrum band light signal and the near infrared light spectrum band light signal of the target; the visible light spectrum band light signal is divided into two paths after beam splitting, and respectively enters the visible light spectrum detection module (3) and the visible light polarization detection module (5); the near infrared light spectrum band light signal is divided into two paths after beam splitting, and respectively enters the near infrared spectrum detection module (4) and the near infrared polarization detection module (6); The spectrum detection module comprises a visible light spectrum detection module (3) and a near infrared spectrum detection module (4), which respectively perform spectrum measurement on the incident light beam to obtain spectrum information of the visible spectrum band and spectrum information of the near infrared spectrum band; The polarization detection module comprises a visible light polarization detection module (5) and a near infrared polarization detection module (6), which respectively modulate the polarization state of the incident light beam and measure the polarization to obtain polarization information of the visible spectrum band and polarization information of the near infrared spectrum band; The servo turntable (7) is used to receive target position information and control the detection system to point to the target area.

2. The high-speed polarization spectrum detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visible light antenna (1) and the near-infrared antenna (2) adopt a two-way optical antenna discrete design, and both adopt a transmission structure; the transmission structure comprises a front lens group and a rear focusing lens group; the front lens groups of the visible light antenna (1) and the near-infrared antenna (2) both adopt a Galilean structured telescope system; the aperture stop of the front lens group serves as a lens group exit pupil, and matches the entrance pupil of the rear focusing lens group; the focusing lens group in the visible light antenna (1) uses a Cooke-type three-piece mirror as an initial structure, and the focusing lens group in the near-infrared antenna (2) uses a Petgval structure as an initial structure; the aperture stop of the focusing lens group is arranged at the front end to match the exit pupil of the front lens group; the focusing lens group focuses the two beams after the beam splitting respectively; for the visible light beam, one path enters a visible light spectrum detection module (3), and the other path enters a visible light polarization detection module (5); for the near-infrared beam, one path enters a near-infrared spectrum detection module (4), and the other path enters a near-infrared polarization detection module (6).

3. The high-speed polarization spectrum detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lens material of the front lens group and the rear focusing lens group in the visible light antenna (1) is ZK10, ZF3 or LaF5 glass; the lens material of the front lens group and the rear focusing lens group in the near infrared antenna (2) is LAF3B, LAK6 or ZF75A glass.

4. The high-speed polarization spectrum detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The entrance pupil diameters of the front lens groups in the visible light antenna (1) and the near infrared antenna (2) are both 50 mm, the focal lengths of the focusing lens groups are both 20 mm, and the combined focal length with the front lens group is 200 mm.

5. The high-speed polarization spectrum detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visible light spectrum detection module (3) and the near infrared spectrum detection module (4) both adopt a symmetrical Cheney-Turner optical system structure, and each of the two spectrum detection modules includes a grating and a spectrum detector; the grating acts as a dispersion element to diffract and modulate the incident complex light to different spatial positions of the spectrum detector according to the wavelength from short to long; the spectrum detector selects different detector arrays according to the sampling rates required for the visible light beam and the near infrared light beam, respectively, to perform photoelectric detection on the light beams diffracted and modulated to different spatial positions, and obtain spectral information of the visible spectrum band and spectral information of the near infrared spectrum band.

6. The high-speed polarization spectrum detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visible light polarization detection module (5) and the near-infrared polarization detection module (6) have the same structure, and each comprises three beam splitting prisms, three-directional linear polarization plates and three polarization detectors. The beam splitting prisms are prism I, prism II and prism III. Spectral films are plated between prism I and prism II, and between prism II and prism III. The light beam incident on the incident surface of prism I undergoes two beam splittings to obtain three light beams with the same intensity, spectrum and polarization state. The three light beams are emitted from the exit surfaces of prism I, prism II and prism III respectively, and the optical paths of the three light beams in the prisms are the same. The three linear polarization plates are respectively placed between the exit surfaces of prism I, prism II and prism III and the three polarization detectors, and the polarization states of the three light beams are modulated. Each polarization detector performs polarization measurement on the modulated light beam to obtain polarization information. The image acquisition time and space of the three polarization directions are consistent.

7. The high-speed polarization spectrum detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The polarization directions of the linear polarizers in the three directions are 0°, 60° and 120° respectively.

8. The high-speed polarization spectrum detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Spatial consistency is achieved through a combination of hardware adjustment and software registration, and temporal consistency is achieved through global exposure and externally triggered high-frequency synchronous acquisition control.

9. The high-speed polarization spectrum detection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The linear polarizer in the visible light polarization detection module (5) is a dichroic thin film polarizer; the linear polarizer in the near-infrared polarization detection module (6) is a nanoparticle thin film polarizer; the dichroic thin film polarizer is prepared by gluing a dichroic polarizing film between two N-BK7 glasses coated with an anti-reflection film through epoxy resin; the nanoparticle thin film polarizer is prepared by embedding long ellipsoidal nanoparticles in sodium silicate glass.

10. The high-speed polarization spectrum detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polarization detector in the visible light polarization detection module (5) adopts a global exposure detector, a windowing working mode, an array size of 208×198, and a maximum frame rate of ≥1000 Hz; the polarization detector in the near-infrared polarization detection module (6) adopts a single-point detector, and the working wavelength range is 900-1700 nm.

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