Sensor stability enhancing structure based on optical fiber cavity packaging nanoparticles and manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a sensor stability enhancing structure based on optical fiber cavity packaged nanoparticles and a manufacturing method, a sensor comprises an optical fiber, a cavity structure exists in the optical fiber, nanoparticles are distributed on the inner wall of the cavity, the diameter of the cavity structure is between the diameter of a fiber core and the diameter of a cladding, and the diameter of the cladding is between the diameter of the fiber core and the diameter of the cladding. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: (1) etching the tail end of the optical fiber to form a groove; (2) depositing nano-particles in the grooves by using a laser-assisted adsorption or chemical adsorption technology; and (3) connecting the groove structures of the two sections of optical fibers by adopting a precise welding technology to form a stable sensing device. The packaged nano-particle structure is not easy to degrade in a high-temperature environment, and is suitable for long-time high-temperature operation; the optical fiber packaging layer provides good anti-electromagnetic interference capability and is suitable for a complex electromagnetic environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sensors, and in particular relates to a high-temperature temperature sensor based on optical fiber encapsulated nanoparticles and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industry and science and technology, the demand for accurate temperature measurement in high temperature environments is increasing, especially in the fields of petrochemical, metal smelting, aerospace and semiconductor manufacturing. Although traditional high temperature temperature sensors, such as thermocouples and infrared thermometers, are widely used, they often face problems such as insufficient accuracy, limited sensitivity and susceptibility to electromagnetic interference in harsh environments. In addition, the stability of these traditional sensors may be significantly reduced in long-term high temperature environments.

[0003] There are many temperature sensing technologies, mainly including thermocouples, infrared temperature measurement, fiber-based temperature sensors, and nanomaterial-enhanced temperature sensors. These technical solutions have their own advantages and disadvantages in different applications, but there are still gaps in performance in terms of high-temperature stability, response speed, and anti-interference ability. Thermocouples have been widely used in high-temperature measurements due to their simple structure and low manufacturing cost. However, thermocouples are sensitive to electromagnetic interference and have poor measurement stability in environments with strong electromagnetic fields. Infrared thermometers are based on the principle of non-contact measurement, can achieve fast response, and are widely used in high-temperature and dynamic measurement environments. However, the accuracy of infrared temperature measurement is easily affected by external factors such as surface emissivity, ambient light, dust, and gas. In addition, infrared thermometers perform poorly in closed or complex geometric measurement environments, and it is difficult to achieve temperature detection in deep areas.

[0004] Fiber optic sensors have the advantages of being resistant to electromagnetic interference, high temperature resistant, and small in size. Common fiber optic temperature sensing technologies include fiber Bragg gratings and fiber Fabry-Perot cavities. However, the sensing area of ​​fiber Bragg gratings is too large, while the fiber Fabry-Perot cavities are more susceptible to interference from external conditions, and the measurement sensitivity and accuracy of both are still limited.

[0005] In recent years, nanomaterials (such as quantum dots and metal nanoparticles) have been gradually applied to the design of temperature sensors due to their excellent optical properties (such as high sensitivity and spectral response at specific wavelengths). The introduction of nanomaterials enables sensors to have higher sensitivity and response speed under high temperature conditions. However, the stability of nanomaterials is a key issue. They are prone to thermal degradation, fluorescence quenching and spectral drift in high temperature environments, which in turn affects the performance of the sensor. Some current schemes attempt to encapsulate nanoparticles in a protective layer or colloidal material to reduce the impact of the external environment on the nanoparticles, but these methods are usually difficult to achieve long-term stability under extreme high temperatures. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to design a sensor structure that can maintain the stability of the optical properties of nanoparticles in high temperature and complex environments, which is an urgent problem to be solved in the current technical field. The present invention improves the physical and chemical stability of nanoparticles through innovative fiber cavity packaging technology, providing an effective solution for high-precision temperature monitoring.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A sensor stability enhancement structure based on optical fiber cavity encapsulated nanoparticles, the sensor includes an optical fiber, and is characterized in that: there is a cavity structure inside the optical fiber, nanoparticles are distributed on the inner wall of the cavity, and the diameter of the cavity structure is between the core and the cladding.

[0009] The optical fiber is formed by fusion-joining two sections of groove optical fiber. One end of each section of groove optical fiber is etched to form a groove structure, and the two groove structures are spliced ​​into a cavity structure.

[0010] The nanoparticles are quantum dots or metal nanoparticles. The optical signals of the nanoparticles change in peak position, peak width or intensity in response to temperature changes, and are used for high-precision temperature monitoring.

[0011] The nanoparticles are deposited on the inner surface of the groove by laser-assisted adsorption or chemical adsorption.

[0012] The nanoparticles have a multi-layer structure including a protective layer.

[0013] The interior of the cavity structure is a low vacuum.

[0014] A method for manufacturing a sensor stability enhancement structure based on optical fiber cavity encapsulated nanoparticles, comprising the following steps:

[0015] (1) Take two sections of optical fiber and perform etching on one end face of each section of optical fiber to form a groove structure;

[0016] (2) depositing nanoparticles in the grooves using laser-assisted adsorption or chemical adsorption techniques;

[0017] (3) The groove ends of two optical fibers are welded together using precision welding technology to form a cavity structure.

[0018] The etching step in step (1) is performed by chemical etching or plasma etching to control the size and shape of the groove.

[0019] The welding in step (2) is performed in a low vacuum environment to reduce the damage of water vapor and oxygen to the nanoparticles, control the welding temperature and time, and protect the structural integrity of the nanoparticles.

[0020] The nanoparticles are made of different materials according to the temperature range and sensitivity requirements of the sensor design.

[0021] The sensor manufacturing process of the present invention includes the following key steps: etching a groove structure at the end of the optical fiber by chemical or physical methods to provide space for the deposition of nanoparticles. Using laser or other means to uniformly adsorb nanoparticles on the inner surface of the optical fiber groove to ensure the stable distribution of nanoparticles in a high temperature environment. The packaging material and the optical fiber structure are welded or sealed to isolate the nanoparticles from the external environment to ensure the long-term stability of the sensor.

[0022] Compared with traditional high-temperature temperature sensors, the present invention has the following advantages: the encapsulated nanoparticle structure will not deteriorate easily in a high-temperature environment and is suitable for long-term high-temperature operation. The optical properties of the nanoparticles are sensitive to temperature changes, ensuring high-precision temperature measurement. The optical fiber encapsulation layer provides good anti-electromagnetic interference capabilities and is suitable for complex electromagnetic environments. The structure is compact and the production cost is low, making it suitable for high-temperature industry, scientific research and special environment monitoring. In summary, the present invention provides a temperature sensing solution with high stability and sensitivity in high temperatures and complex environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a system diagram of the optical fiber sensor.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the hollow cavity structure in the optical fiber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any improvement or substitution based on the basic spirit of the present embodiment still falls within the scope of protection required by the claims of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1:

[0027] The present invention provides a high-temperature temperature sensor based on optical fiber encapsulated nanoparticles, which aims to solve the problems of insufficient stability, limited sensitivity and poor anti-interference ability of existing high-temperature sensors in extreme environments. The present invention encapsulates nanoparticles with excellent optical properties (such as quantum dots or metal nanoparticles) in optical fiber grooves and uses the optical response changes of nanoparticles to achieve temperature measurement. This design ensures the long-term working stability of the sensor in high-temperature and complex electromagnetic environments, and is suitable for precise temperature monitoring in high-temperature fields such as petrochemicals, metallurgy, and aerospace.

[0028] The temperature sensor structure of the present invention mainly includes the following parts: a tiny groove is etched at the end of the optical fiber for encapsulating nanoparticles. The groove is made by fine etching or laser processing technology, has high compatibility with optical fiber materials, and can maintain structural stability in harsh environments. A specific type of nanoparticles is deposited or adsorbed in the optical fiber groove. The selected nanoparticles have highly sensitive fluorescence or scattering responses and have good linear responses to temperature changes. Such nanoparticles can be excited at a specific wavelength to generate an optical signal related to temperature. The nanoparticles are encapsulated by welding or other physical methods on the periphery of the optical fiber groove to isolate the nanoparticles from the influence of oxygen, moisture, particulate matter, etc. in the external environment, thereby improving the durability and environmental resistance of the sensor.

[0029] The sensor measures temperature based on the changes in the optical properties of nanoparticles. When working, the nanoparticles are excited by a laser or light source of a specific wavelength. The nanoparticles will produce different fluorescence or scattering signals at different temperatures. The sensor monitors the changes in these optical signals to obtain the corresponding temperature value.

[0030] Embodiment 2:

[0031] A sensor based on optical fiber cavity encapsulated nanoparticles, the sensor comprises an optical fiber cavity structure, nanoparticles are encapsulated in the cavity, the nanoparticles include quantum dots or metal nanoparticles, and the stability of the nanoparticles is enhanced to improve the measurement accuracy and service life of the sensor in various extreme environments.

[0032] The optical fiber cavity structure is composed of two etched groove optical fibers 1 and 2. The groove is formed by etching the ends of the optical fibers to form a recessed area suitable for embedding nanoparticles 3.

[0033] The cavity structure firmly connects the optical fiber with nanoparticles through precision fusion technology to form a stable sensing device.

[0034] The nanoparticles are deposited on the inner surface of the cavity by laser-assisted adsorption or chemical adsorption, thereby ensuring the optical stability of the nanoparticles under high temperature conditions.

[0035] The optical signal of the nanoparticles undergoes changes in peak position, peak width or intensity in response to temperature changes, and is used for high-precision temperature monitoring.

[0036] The sensor can also exhibit good spectral stability when operating at a temperature exceeding the temperature at which the nanoparticles can respond linearly.

[0037] The packaging structure effectively reduces the fluorescence attenuation and structural degradation problems of nanoparticles in a long-term high-temperature environment.

[0038] A method for manufacturing a stability enhancement method based on nanoparticle optical fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0039] (1) etching the end of the optical fiber to form a groove;

[0040] (2) depositing nanoparticles in the grooves using laser-assisted adsorption or chemical adsorption techniques;

[0041] (3) The groove structures of two sections of optical fiber are connected using precision fusion technology to form a stable sensing device.

[0042] The etching step is performed by chemical etching or plasma etching to control the size and shape of the grooves.

[0043] The welding step is performed in a low vacuum environment to reduce the damage of water vapor and oxygen to the nanoparticles, control the welding temperature and time, and protect the structural integrity of the nanoparticles.

[0044] The nanoparticles can be made of different materials to adapt to different temperature ranges and sensitivity requirements.

[0045] The packaging design of the optical fiber cavity provides a good electromagnetic shielding effect, so that the sensor has the ability to resist electromagnetic interference and is suitable for industrial and scientific research occasions with complex electromagnetic environments.

[0046] The nanoparticles have a multi-layer structure, including a protective layer to further enhance optical stability in high temperatures and harsh environments.

[0047] The optical fiber groove structure of the temperature sensor has a partition design to reduce the interference of the external environment on the spectral signal of the nanoparticles and improve the measurement accuracy.

[0048] It is necessary to point out here that the above embodiments are limited to further elaboration and understanding of the technical solution of the present invention and cannot be understood as further limitation of the technical solution of the present invention. Inventions and creations with non-outstanding essential features and significant progress made by those skilled in the art still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sensor stability enhancement structure based on optical fiber cavity encapsulated nanoparticles, the sensor comprising an optical fiber, characterized in that: There is a cavity structure inside the optical fiber, with nanoparticles distributed on the inner wall of the cavity. The diameter of the cavity structure is between the core and the cladding.

2. The sensor stability enhancement structure based on fiber cavity encapsulated nanoparticles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber is formed by fusion-joining two sections of groove optical fiber. One end of each section of groove optical fiber is etched to form a groove structure, and the two groove structures are spliced ​​into a cavity structure.

3. The sensor stability enhancement structure based on fiber cavity encapsulated nanoparticles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical signal of the nanoparticles changes in peak position, peak width or intensity in response to temperature changes, and is used for high-precision temperature monitoring. The nanoparticles are quantum dots or metal nanoparticles.

4. The sensor stability enhancement structure based on optical fiber cavity encapsulated nanoparticles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nanoparticles are deposited on the inner surface of the groove by laser-assisted adsorption or chemical adsorption.

5. The sensor stability enhancement structure based on optical fiber cavity encapsulated nanoparticles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nanoparticles have a multi-layer structure including a protective layer.

6. The sensor stability enhancement structure based on fiber cavity encapsulated nanoparticles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the cavity structure is a low vacuum.

7. A method for manufacturing a sensor stability enhancement structure based on optical fiber cavity encapsulated nanoparticles, characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) Take two sections of optical fiber and perform etching on one end face of each section of optical fiber to form a groove structure; (2) depositing nanoparticles in the grooves using laser-assisted adsorption or chemical adsorption techniques; (3) The groove ends of two optical fibers are welded together using precision welding technology to form a cavity structure.

8. The method for manufacturing a sensor stability enhancement structure based on optical fiber cavity encapsulated nanoparticles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The etching step in step (1) is performed by chemical etching or plasma etching to control the size and shape of the groove.

9. The method for manufacturing a sensor stability enhancement structure based on optical fiber cavity encapsulated nanoparticles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The welding in step (2) is performed in a low vacuum environment to reduce the damage of water vapor and oxygen to the nanoparticles, control the welding temperature and time, and protect the structural integrity of the nanoparticles.

10. The method for manufacturing a sensor stability enhancement structure based on optical fiber cavity encapsulated nanoparticles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The nanoparticles are made of different materials according to the temperature range and sensitivity requirements of the sensor design.

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