Balancing machine special for turbine rotor and balance debugging method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of turbine rotor balance debugging, in particular to a balancing machine special for a turbine rotor and a balance debugging method. Comprising a vacuum chamber, the vacuum chamber and the platform form a sealed space, a vacuum adjusting device connected with a processing and control unit is installed in the vacuum chamber, and a motor, a drilling weight removing device, a vibration detecting device and a clamp are all arranged in the vacuum chamber; the vacuum adjusting device comprises a sensor and a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is communicated with the vacuum chamber through a pipeline; and the sensor and the vacuum pump are respectively connected with the processing and control unit. The vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber can be adjusted by arranging the vacuum pump and the sensor, balance debugging can be carried out under high rotating speed and high vacuum and low rotating speed and low vacuum, and the balance debugging is not influenced by airflow when the balance debugging is carried out under the high rotating speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of turbine rotor balancing and debugging, and in particular to a special balancing machine for turbine rotors and a balancing and debugging method. Background Art

[0002] The working principle of the magnetic levitation molecular pump is to rely on the high-speed rotating rotor blades to give gas molecules momentum, so that the gas molecules move in a specific direction, thereby realizing the pumping function. At such a high speed, even a small imbalance will generate a large centrifugal force, causing the pump body to vibrate more. Excessive vibration will not only affect the performance and life of the pump, but may also have adverse effects on peripheral equipment and systems. In recent years, especially, machinery has been developing in the direction of high speed, high precision and high reliability. It is particularly important to solve the imbalance problem of rotating machinery. High-precision balancing devices and methods can effectively improve the working performance and service life of rotating equipment.

[0003] The current horizontal balancing and debugging of turbine rotors is carried out at a relatively low speed. However, the centrifugal force and other forces are relatively small at low speeds, and some slight imbalances may not cause obvious vibrations or performance changes, and the impact of the imbalance may be masked. If the pump is put into use directly after debugging at a low speed, when the pump has an imbalance problem at high speed, it may need to be shut down for re-debugging, which will not only affect production efficiency, but may also cause damage to the equipment, seriously affecting the debugging efficiency of the product. However, the airflow around the high-speed rotating turbine rotor in the atmospheric state has certain turbulence and instability, and the disturbance of the airflow may cause uneven aerodynamic forces to act on the rotor. This will cause the rotor to be subjected to additional unbalanced forces, thereby affecting the accuracy of the imbalance measurement. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a special balancing machine for turbine rotors and a balancing and debugging method to solve the problem that the prior art cannot perform balancing and debugging of turbine rotors under high speed and high vacuum.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a balancing machine for turbine rotors, comprising:

[0006] A platform, wherein a fixture is disposed on the upper surface of the platform, and a turbine rotor is rotatably disposed on the fixture, wherein the turbine rotor comprises a turbine and a main shaft located at the axis center of the turbine, and the turbine is fixedly disposed on the main shaft;

[0007] A motor is arranged on the upper surface of the platform, and the output shaft of the motor drives the main shaft to rotate on the fixture through a belt;

[0008] A drilling and deweighting device, arranged on the circumferential surface of the turbine, suitable for deweighting the circumferential surface of the turbine;

[0009] A vibration detection device, adapted to detect the unbalance amount and the phase of the unbalance amount of the turbine;

[0010] A processing and control unit, wherein the motor, the drilling and deweighting device, and the vibration detection device are respectively connected to the processing and control unit;

[0011] Also includes:

[0012] A vacuum chamber forms a sealed space with the platform, a vacuum regulating device connected to a processing and control unit is installed inside the vacuum chamber, and the motor, the drilling deweighting device, the vibration detection device and the fixture are all arranged in the vacuum chamber;

[0013] The vacuum regulating device comprises a sensor and a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum chamber through a pipeline;

[0014] The sensor and the vacuum pump are connected to the processing and control unit respectively.

[0015] The present application can adjust the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber by setting a vacuum pump and a sensor, so that balanced debugging can be achieved under high speed and high vacuum and low speed and low vacuum, and balanced debugging under high speed is not affected by airflow.

[0016] In an optional implementation, it also includes:

[0017] The laser deweighting device is arranged in the vacuum chamber and is suitable for deweighting the circumferential surface of the turbine. Laser deweighting can avoid the influence of stress on the turbine caused by the contact deweighting method, and can also solve the problem of inaccurate unbalance adjustment caused by the weight-increasing method, thereby improving the efficiency of turbine rotor balancing adjustment.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the number of the clamps is two, which are respectively arranged at two ends of the spindle, and include:

[0019] A support plate, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the platform;

[0020] There are two turntables, the central axes of which are arranged horizontally and parallel to each other, and the turntables are suitable for supporting the ends of the main shaft, and the axis of the main shaft is parallel to the axis of the turntables, so that the main shaft can be supported while maintaining stable rotation.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the drilling and deweighting device includes a drilling mechanism and an alignment mechanism, the alignment mechanism is suitable for making the drilling mechanism close to or away from the circumferential surface of the turbine, and the drilling mechanism and the alignment mechanism are respectively connected to the processing and control unit. The alignment mechanism can facilitate the drilling mechanism to drill the circumferential surface of the turbine.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a turbine rotor balancing and debugging method, which is applicable to the turbine rotor dedicated balancing machine as described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1, measuring the initial unbalance of the turbine and the phase of the initial unbalance under low vacuum and low speed;

[0024] S2, driving the spindle by a motor so that the phase of the initial unbalance measured in step S1 is aligned with the drilling deweighting device, and drilling the turbine by the drilling deweighting device;

[0025] S3, measuring the initial unbalance of the turbine and the phase of the initial unbalance under high vacuum and high speed;

[0026] S4, driving the main shaft by the motor so that the phase of the initial unbalance measured in step S3 is aligned with the laser de-weighting device, and laser de-weighting the turbine is performed by the laser de-weighting device.

[0027] The present application performs preliminary drilling on the turbine using a drilling deweighting device, and then performs precise deweighting on the turbine using a laser deweighting device, so that the result after deweighting meets the requirements of balance debugging.

[0028] In an optional implementation, before step S1, the method further includes:

[0029] The relative positions of the drilling de-weighting device and the laser de-weighting device to the turbine are calibrated, so that the phase of the unbalanced amount is aligned with the drilling de-weighting device or the laser de-weighting device when the motor drives the active rotation.

[0030] In an optional implementation, the step S1 includes:

[0031] S11, controlling the motor and the vacuum pump to work by means of the processing and control unit, so that the vacuum chamber is in a low vacuum state and the spindle is in a low speed state;

[0032] S12, the vibration detection device detects the turbine when the turbine is idling and when the turbine is loaded, and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit, which calculates and calibrates the initial imbalance of the turbine and the phase of the initial imbalance under low vacuum and low speed.

[0033] By processing data under turbine idling and turbine weighting conditions, the processing and control unit can obtain the initial unbalance amount and the phase of the initial unbalance amount of the turbine under low vacuum and low speed, and perform calibration.

[0034] In an optional implementation, the step S2 includes:

[0035] S21, controlling the motor to rotate by a processing and control unit so that the phase of the initial unbalance measured in step S12 is aligned with the drilling deweighting device;

[0036] S22, controlling the alignment mechanism to move toward the turbine through the processing and control unit, and controlling the drilling mechanism to drill the circumferential surface of the turbine, wherein the drilling amount is the initial imbalance amount measured in step S12;

[0037] S23, controlling the motor to work by the processing and control unit so that the spindle is in a low speed state, the vibration detection device detects the turbine, and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit, which calculates the unbalance amount of the turbine after drilling and the phase of the unbalance amount;

[0038] S24, detecting whether the unbalance amount obtained in step S23 reaches an acceptable range. If unqualified, repeating steps S21 to S23 until the detected unbalance amount reaches an acceptable range.

[0039] In an optional implementation, step S3 includes:

[0040] S31, controlling the motor and the vacuum pump to work by means of the processing and control unit, so that the vacuum chamber is in a high vacuum state and the spindle is in a high speed state;

[0041] S32, the vibration detection device detects the turbine when the turbine is idling and when the turbine is loaded, and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit, which calculates and calibrates the initial imbalance of the turbine and the phase of the initial imbalance under high vacuum and high speed.

[0042] In an optional implementation, step S4 includes:

[0043] S41, controlling the motor to rotate by a processing and control unit so that the phase of the initial unbalance amount measured in step S32 is aligned with the laser deweighting device;

[0044] S42, controlling the laser deweighting device to perform laser deweighting on the circumferential surface of the turbine by the processing and control unit, wherein the laser deweighting amount is the initial unbalance amount measured in step S32;

[0045] S43, controlling the motor to work by the processing and control unit so that the main shaft is in a high speed state, the vibration detection device detects the turbine, and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit, which calculates the unbalance amount and the phase of the unbalance amount of the turbine after laser deweighting;

[0046] S44, detecting whether the unbalance amount obtained in step S43 reaches an acceptable range. If unqualified, repeating steps S41 to S43 until the detected unbalance amount reaches an acceptable range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of step S1 in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic flow chart of step S2 in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic flow chart of step S3 in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of step S4 in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0054] Description of reference numerals:

[0055] 1. Platform; 2. Turbine; 3. Spindle; 4. Motor; 5. Drilling and deweighting device; 6. Vibration detection device; 7. Processing and control unit; 8. Laser deweighting device; 9. Support plate; 10. Turntable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] The working principle of the magnetic levitation molecular pump is to rely on the high-speed rotating rotor blades to give gas molecules momentum, so that the gas molecules move in a specific direction, thereby realizing the pumping function. At such a high speed, even a small imbalance will generate a large centrifugal force, causing the pump body to vibrate more. Excessive vibration will not only affect the performance and life of the pump, but may also have adverse effects on peripheral equipment and systems. In recent years, especially, machinery has been developing in the direction of high speed, high precision and high reliability. It is particularly important to solve the imbalance problem of rotating machinery. High-precision balancing devices and methods can effectively improve the working performance and service life of rotating equipment.

[0058] The current horizontal balancing and debugging of turbine rotors is carried out at a relatively low speed. However, the centrifugal force and other forces are relatively small at low speeds, and some slight imbalances may not cause obvious vibrations or performance changes, and the impact of the imbalance may be masked. If the pump is put into use directly after debugging at a low speed, when the pump has an imbalance problem at high speed, it may need to be shut down for re-debugging, which will not only affect production efficiency, but may also cause damage to the equipment, seriously affecting the debugging efficiency of the product. However, the airflow around the high-speed rotating turbine rotor in the atmospheric state has certain turbulence and instability, and the disturbance of the airflow may cause uneven aerodynamic forces to act on the rotor. This will cause the rotor to be subjected to additional unbalanced forces, thereby affecting the accuracy of the imbalance measurement.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] According to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a special balancing machine for turbine rotors, comprising:

[0061] A platform 1, wherein a fixture is provided on the upper surface of the platform 1, and a turbine rotor is rotatably provided on the fixture, wherein the turbine rotor comprises a turbine 2 and a main shaft 3 located at the axial center of the turbine 2, and the turbine 2 is fixedly provided on the main shaft 3; the main shaft 3 may be the main shaft 3 of the turbine rotor itself, or may be a substitute for the main shaft 3 of the turbine rotor itself provided for balancing and debugging, and is combined with the turbine 2 into a rotor through assembly methods such as heat mounting.

[0062] The motor 4 is arranged on the upper surface of the platform 1, and the output shaft of the motor 4 drives the main shaft 3 to rotate on the fixture through a belt; wherein, a tensioning wheel with a certain friction coefficient on the surface can be arranged on the main shaft 3 and the output shaft of the motor 4, and the belt is wound around the two tensioning wheels.

[0063] The drilling deweighting device 5 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the turbine 2 and is suitable for deweighting the circumferential surface of the turbine 2; the drilling deweighting device 5 can be connected to the platform 1 through a base. The drilling deweighting device 5 can be arranged on one side of the deweighting plane, wherein the deweighting plane is determined by the turbine 2 in the design stage and will not be described in detail.

[0064] The vibration detection device 6 is suitable for detecting the unbalance amount and the phase of the unbalance amount of the turbine 2. The vibration detection device 6 can be connected to the platform 1 through the base. The deweighting plane can be one or more. The vibration detection device 6, the drilling deweighting device 5 and the laser deweighting device 8 correspond to the deweighting planes one by one. For example, when there are two deweighting planes, there are two vibration detection devices 6, drilling deweighting devices 5 and laser deweighting devices 8. The vibration detection device 6 is used to detect the unbalance amount and the phase of the unbalance amount of the turbine 2 at the corresponding deweighting plane. The drilling deweighting device 5 and the laser deweighting device 8 perform deweighting at the corresponding deweighting planes. The two vibration detection devices 6 can be installed on the two sides of the rotor to collect data, and the computer system analyzes and obtains the unbalance amount result of the rotor. The deweighting plane is generally a cross section of the turbine 2 in the radial direction.

[0065] The processing and control unit 7, the motor 4, the drilling deweighting device 5 and the vibration detection device 6 are respectively connected to the processing and control unit 7; the processing and control unit 7 can be regarded as a computer system, which is used to process the received signal data of the drilling deweighting device 5, the vibration detection device 6 and the laser deweighting device 8, and is also used to control the motor 4, the drilling deweighting device 5, the vibration detection device 6 and the laser deweighting device 8.

[0066] Also includes:

[0067] The vacuum chamber can be regarded as a vacuum shell, forming a sealed space with the platform 1. A vacuum adjustment device connected to the processing and control unit 7 is installed inside the vacuum chamber. The motor 4, the drilling deweighting device 5, the vibration detection device 6, the laser deweighting device 8 and the clamp are all arranged in the vacuum chamber; the vacuum chamber and the platform 1 can be connected by bolts, and the vacuum environment inside can be obtained by vacuum obtaining equipment such as a vacuum pump, and a rubber ring sealing measure can be used between the contact surface of the platform 1 and the vacuum chamber.

[0068] The vacuum regulating device comprises a sensor and a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum chamber through a pipeline;

[0069] The sensors and the vacuum pump are connected to a processing and control unit 7 respectively.

[0070] The present application can adjust the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber by setting a vacuum pump and a sensor, and can realize balanced debugging under high speed and high vacuum and low speed and low vacuum, and the balanced debugging under high speed is not affected by airflow. The sensor can be set in the vacuum chamber. The sensor can be a vacuum sensor, which can detect the vacuum degree in the sealed space in real time. The processing and control unit 7 can adjust the power of the vacuum pump based on the vacuum degree detected by the vacuum sensor, so that the vacuum degree in the sealed space reaches the required requirement. The sensor can also be a vacuum pressure sensor. The processing and control unit 7 can adjust the power of the vacuum pump based on the vacuum pressure detected by the vacuum pressure sensor, so that the vacuum degree in the sealed space reaches the required requirement.

[0071] It should be noted that the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber can be adjusted by sensors and vacuum pumps. The vacuum regulating device of the present application can also be provided with an external pipeline connected to the vacuum chamber, and a flow meter and a solenoid valve are provided on the pipeline, and the flow meter and the solenoid valve are respectively connected to the processing and control unit 7. After the processing and control unit 7 controls the vacuum pump to a certain power (rotation speed), a certain amount of air can be filled into the vacuum chamber by opening the solenoid valve and the filled air is detected by the flow meter. When the processing and control unit 7 calculates that the flow rate of the filled air reaches a preset value, the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber meets the requirements, and the solenoid valve can be closed.

[0072] In an optional implementation, it also includes:

[0073] The laser deweighting device 8 is arranged in the vacuum chamber and is suitable for deweighting the circumferential surface of the turbine 2. Laser deweighting can avoid the influence of stress on the turbine 2 caused by the contact deweighting method, and can also solve the problem of inaccurate unbalance adjustment caused by the weight-increasing method, thereby improving the efficiency of turbine rotor balancing adjustment. The laser deweighting device 8 can be arranged directly above the rotor, with its transmitter head aligned with the rotor deweighting plane; when deweighting, the computer system gives a signal to make the motor 4 drive the rotor to the correct phase, and the laser deweighting device 8 performs deweighting.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, the number of the clamps is two, which are respectively arranged at two ends of the main shaft 3, and include:

[0075] A support plate 9, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the platform 1;

[0076] There are two turntables 10, and the central axes of the two turntables 10 are horizontally arranged and parallel to each other. The turntables 10 are suitable for supporting the ends of the main shaft 3, and the axis centerline of the main shaft 3 is parallel to the axis centerline of the turntables 10. The main shaft 3 can be supported while maintaining stable rotation. The turntable 10 can be rotatably connected to the support plate 9 through a rotating shaft.

[0077] The motor 4 may be located lower than the turntable 10 , so that the output shaft of the motor 4 applies a downward force to the end of the main shaft 3 through the belt, making the end of the main shaft 3 more stable on the turntable 10 .

[0078] In an optional embodiment, the drilling and deweighting device 5 includes a drilling mechanism and an alignment mechanism, the alignment mechanism is suitable for making the drilling mechanism close to or away from the circumferential surface of the turbine 2, and the drilling mechanism and the alignment mechanism are respectively connected to the processing and control unit 7. The alignment mechanism can facilitate the drilling mechanism to drill the circumferential surface of the turbine 2. The drilling mechanism can be a general drilling device with a drill bit. The alignment mechanism may include a base and a telescopic rod arranged on the base, the telescopic rod is connected to the processing and control unit 7, and the telescopic rod is connected to the drilling mechanism, which is suitable for making the drilling mechanism close to or away from the circumferential surface of the turbine 2.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] According to an embodiment of the present invention, Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the present invention also provides a turbine rotor balancing and debugging method, which is applicable to the turbine rotor dedicated balancing machine as mentioned above, and comprises the following steps:

[0081] S1, measuring the initial unbalance amount and the phase of the initial unbalance amount of turbine 2 under low vacuum and low speed;

[0082] S2, driving the spindle 3 by the motor 4 so that the phase of the initial unbalance measured in step S1 is aligned with the drilling deweighting device 5, and drilling the turbine 2 by the drilling deweighting device 5;

[0083] S3, measuring the initial unbalance amount and the phase of the initial unbalance amount of the turbine 2 under high vacuum and high speed;

[0084] S4, driving the main shaft 3 by the motor 4 so that the phase of the initial unbalance measured in step S3 is aligned with the laser deweighting device 8, and the laser deweighting device 8 is used to perform laser deweighting on the turbine 2.

[0085] The present application performs preliminary drilling on the turbine 2 through the drilling deweighting device 5, and then performs precise deweighting on the turbine 2 through the laser deweighting device 8, so that the result after deweighting meets the requirements of balance debugging.

[0086] It should be noted that in the balance debugging, a preparation phase is required, including the following steps:

[0087] 1. Confirm the molecular pump model and technical parameters, and prepare corresponding balancing equipment and tools, such as balancing machine, fixture, sensor, wrench, etc.;

[0088] 2. Clean the working area, ensure the environment is clean and tidy, and avoid dust and other impurities that may affect debugging;

[0089] 3. Perform an external inspection on the rotor to check for any obvious damage or deformation.

[0090] The following steps are included in installing the rotor on a turbine rotor balancing machine as described above:

[0091] 1. Choose a suitable fixture to ensure that the rotor can rotate stably on the fixture without damaging the rotor.

[0092] 2. Install the rotor on the fixture of the balancing machine.

[0093] 3. Connect a sensor, such as a vibration detection device 6, to ensure that the sensor can accurately detect the vibration signal of the rotor.

[0094] It should be noted that the current methods for correcting the imbalance of turbine rotors include weight increase and weight reduction:

[0095] The weight increase method is to add or subtract balance pins from the balance pin holes reserved in the turbine rotor. Since the balance pin holes are reserved in advance and have a limited depth, weight adjustment can only be performed at a fixed position, with low accuracy and the possibility of debugging failure.

[0096] The deweighting method is to use drilling, milling or grinding to remove weight on the deweighting surface. This method is a contact deweighting method. The tool used will generate mechanical force on the rotor during deweighting, which may cause deformation or damage and other adverse effects. At the same time, this method is difficult to calculate the deweighting quality of the rotor. It often requires repeated testing and deweighting to reduce the remaining imbalance of the rotor to a qualified range, which increases the auxiliary time and the workload of the operator, and the balancing efficiency is not high.

[0097] Both of the above methods require repeated testing and weight adjustment steps to complete the balancing and debugging of the turbine rotor.

[0098] The current horizontal balancing and debugging of turbine rotors is carried out at a relatively low speed. However, the centrifugal force and other forces are relatively small at low speeds, and some slight imbalances may not cause obvious vibrations or performance changes, and the impact of the imbalance may be masked. If the pump is put into use directly after debugging at a low speed, when the pump has an imbalance problem at high speed, it may need to be shut down for re-debugging, which will not only affect production efficiency, but may also cause damage to the equipment, seriously affecting the debugging efficiency of the product. Moreover, the airflow around the turbine rotor rotating at high speed in the atmospheric state has certain turbulence and instability, and the disturbance of the airflow may cause uneven aerodynamic force to act on the rotor. This will cause the rotor to be subjected to additional unbalanced forces, thereby affecting the accuracy of the imbalance measurement.

[0099] In an optional implementation, before step S1, the method further includes:

[0100] The relative positions of the drilling de-weighting device 5 and the laser de-weighting device 8 to the turbine 2 are calibrated. When the motor 4 is driven to rotate actively, the phase of the unbalanced amount is aligned with the drilling de-weighting device 5 or the laser de-weighting device 8. Specifically, the position coordinates of the drilling de-weighting device 5, the laser de-weighting device 8 and the turbine 2 can be input into the processing and control unit 7.

[0101] In an optional implementation, the step S1 includes:

[0102] S11, controlling the motor 4 and the vacuum pump to work by the processing and control unit 7, so that the vacuum chamber is in a low vacuum state, and the spindle 3 is in a low speed state;

[0103] S12, the vibration detection device 6 detects the turbine 2 when the turbine 2 is idling and when the turbine 2 is weighted, and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit 7, which calculates and calibrates the initial imbalance of the turbine 2 and the phase where the initial imbalance is located under low vacuum and low speed. The weighting of the turbine 2 includes two cases: 1. Adding balancing pins to the balancing pin holes reserved in the turbine rotor; 2. Compared with the first case, changing the position and amount of the balancing pins. The processing and control unit 7 obtains the imbalance and three sets of phase data of the imbalance when the turbine 2 is idling and when the turbine 2 is weighted, and can calculate the initial imbalance and the phase where the initial imbalance is located.

[0104] By processing data when the turbine 2 is idling and when the turbine 2 is weighted, the processing and control unit 7 can obtain the initial imbalance of the turbine 2 and the phase of the initial imbalance under low vacuum and low speed, and calibrate them in the processing and control unit 7.

[0105] In an optional implementation, the step S2 includes:

[0106] S21, controlling the motor 4 to rotate by the processing and control unit 7 so that the phase of the initial unbalance measured in step S12 is aligned with the drilling deweighting device 5;

[0107] It should be noted that the phase of the imbalance or initial imbalance can be understood as a function of the time t. The rotation speed of the motor 4 and the size of the tensioning pulley can be determined, so the rotation of the spindle 3 can be characterized by the motor 4, that is, the phase during the rotation of the motor 4 and the phase during the rotation of the spindle 3 have a clear functional relationship. When the relative positions of the drilling and deweighting device 5 and the turbine 2 are known, the phase of the imbalance can be aligned with the drilling and deweighting device 5 by controlling the rotation of the motor 4.

[0108] A pressure sensor can be installed at the drill bit of the drilling and deweighting device 5, and the pressure sensor is connected to the processing and control unit 7. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure becomes larger, it means that the drill bit of the drilling and deweighting device 5 is in contact with the circumferential surface of the turbine 2. The obtained imbalance or initial imbalance is the mass that needs to be drilled away. The diameter of the drill bit and the density of the turbine 2 are both known, so the amount of penetration of the drill bit can be determined, which can be calculated by the processing and control unit 7.

[0109] S22, controlling the alignment mechanism to move toward the turbine 2 through the processing and control unit 7, and controlling the drilling mechanism to drill the circumferential surface of the turbine 2, wherein the drilling amount is the initial unbalance amount measured in step S12;

[0110] S23, the processing and control unit 7 controls the motor 4 to work so that the spindle 3 is in a low speed state, and the vibration detection device 6 detects the turbine 2, wherein the vibration detection device 6 detects the turbine 2 when the turbine 2 is idling and when the turbine 2 is weighted, respectively, and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit 7, and the processing and control unit 7 calculates the unbalance amount of the turbine 2 after drilling and the phase where the unbalance amount is located;

[0111] S24, detecting whether the unbalance amount obtained in step S23 reaches an acceptable range. If unqualified, repeating steps S21 to S23 until the detected unbalance amount reaches an acceptable range.

[0112] In an optional implementation, step S3 includes:

[0113] S31, controlling the motor 4 and the vacuum pump to work by the processing and control unit 7, so that the vacuum chamber is in a high vacuum state and the spindle 3 is in a high speed state;

[0114] S32, the vibration detection device 6 detects the turbine 2 when the turbine 2 is idling and when the turbine 2 is weighted, and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit 7, which calculates and calibrates the initial imbalance amount and the phase of the initial imbalance amount of the turbine 2 under high vacuum and high speed.

[0115] In an optional implementation, step S4 includes:

[0116] S41, controlling the motor 4 to rotate by the processing and control unit 7 so that the phase of the initial unbalance amount measured in step S32 is aligned with the laser deweighting device 8;

[0117] S42, the laser deweighting device 8 is controlled by the processing and control unit 7 to perform laser deweighting on the circumferential surface of the turbine 2, and the laser deweighting amount is the initial unbalance amount measured in step S32; the laser deweighting device 8 can be considered as a laser, which uses ultrafast laser energy irradiation to gasify the turbine 2. Among them, the working time of the laser deweighting device 8 can be determined by the material of the turbine 2, the laser deweighting device 8 and the initial unbalance amount.

[0118] S43, the processing and control unit 7 controls the motor 4 to work so that the main shaft 3 is in a high speed state, and the vibration detection device 6 detects the turbine 2, wherein the vibration detection device 6 detects the turbine 2 when the turbine 2 is idling and when the turbine 2 is weighted, respectively, and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit 7, and the processing and control unit 7 calculates the unbalance amount of the turbine 2 after laser deweighting and the phase where the unbalance amount is located;

[0119] S44, detecting whether the unbalance amount obtained in step S43 reaches an acceptable range. If unqualified, repeating steps S41 to S43 until the detected unbalance amount reaches an acceptable range.

[0120] During the balancing and debugging of turbine 2, it is necessary to record the process and results of the balancing and debugging, including the initial value of the unbalance, adjustment method, final balancing amount, etc. After the balancing and debugging of turbine 2 is completed, the debugged rotor needs to be properly packaged.

[0121] In this application, as laser rapid removal technology is increasingly widely used, laser processing, as a non-contact processing method, not only does not generate mechanical force when removing materials, but also has high removal accuracy. Ultra-high precision deweighting is required during balancing, and laser deweighting has shown great advantages here. Therefore, it is necessary to add a laser deweighting device 8 and its supporting devices on the basis of the original balancing machine.

[0122] In a vacuum state, the interference of airflow disturbance on the balance of the turbine rotor can usually be greatly reduced. First, as the vacuum degree increases, the number of gas molecules decreases and the density of the gas decreases. This reduces the turbulence of the airflow and makes the airflow more stable, thereby reducing the aerodynamic interference on the rotor. In a low vacuum environment, the velocity and pressure fluctuations of the airflow are relatively small, which can reduce the amplitude of the change in the unbalanced force. Secondly, a low vacuum environment can reduce the impact of the external atmosphere on the system. Under atmospheric conditions, changes in external airflow may penetrate into the balance system and cause airflow disturbances. In a low vacuum system, the impact of the external atmosphere is relatively small, which can provide a relatively stable balance environment and improve the balance and debugging accuracy of the turbine rotor. Therefore, a vacuum system device is added.

[0123] The present application uses a laser deweighting device 8 to accurately balance and debug the turbine rotor under test, which can avoid the stress effect of the contact deweighting method on the components and solve the problem of inaccurate balance adjustment caused by the weight-adding method, thereby improving the efficiency of turbine rotor balancing and debugging.

[0124] In order to address the defect of large balancing error at high speed, the present application provides a higher vacuum degree during turbine rotor balancing and debugging, so that the impact of air disturbance on the imbalance of the high-speed turbine rotor is greatly reduced, making the turbine rotor debugging closer to the actual working conditions and improving the balancing efficiency of the whole machine.

[0125] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A balancing machine for turbine rotors, characterized in that: include: A platform (1), wherein a fixture is arranged on the upper surface of the platform (1), and a turbine rotor is rotatably arranged on the fixture, wherein the turbine rotor comprises a turbine (2) and a main shaft (3) located at the axial center of the turbine (2), and the turbine (2) is fixedly arranged on the main shaft (3); A motor (4) is arranged on the upper surface of the platform (1), and an output shaft of the motor (4) drives the main shaft (3) to rotate on the fixture via a belt; A drilling deweighting device (5) is arranged on the circumferential surface of the turbine (2) and is suitable for deweighting the circumferential surface of the turbine (2); A vibration detection device (6) adapted to detect the imbalance amount and the phase of the imbalance amount of the turbine (2); A processing and control unit (7), wherein the motor (4), the drilling and deweighting device (5) and the vibration detection device (6) are respectively connected to the processing and control unit (7); Also includes: A vacuum chamber forms a sealed space with the platform (1), a vacuum regulating device connected to a processing and control unit (7) is installed inside the vacuum chamber, and the motor (4), the drilling and deweighting device (5), the vibration detection device (6) and the fixture are all arranged in the vacuum chamber; The vacuum regulating device comprises a sensor and a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum chamber through a pipeline; The sensor and the vacuum pump are connected to a processing and control unit (7) respectively.

2. The turbine rotor balancing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The laser de-weighting device (8) is arranged in the vacuum chamber and is suitable for de-weighting the circumferential surface of the turbine (2).

3. The turbine rotor balancing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamps are two and are respectively arranged at two ends of the main shaft (3), and include: A support plate (9), the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the platform (1); There are two turntables (10), the central axes of the two turntables (10) are horizontally arranged and parallel to each other, the turntables (10) are suitable for supporting the ends of the main shaft (3), and the axis center line of the main shaft (3) is parallel to the axis center line of the turntable (10).

4. The turbine rotor balancing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling and deweighting device (5) comprises a drilling mechanism and an alignment mechanism, wherein the alignment mechanism is suitable for making the drilling mechanism approach or move away from the circumferential surface of the turbine (2), and the drilling mechanism and the alignment mechanism are respectively connected to a processing and control unit (7).

5. A turbine rotor balancing and debugging method, applicable to the turbine rotor balancing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, measuring the initial unbalance amount and the phase of the initial unbalance amount of the turbine (2) under low vacuum and low speed; S2, driving the spindle (3) by means of the motor (4) so ​​that the phase of the initial unbalance amount measured in step S1 is aligned with the drilling deweighting device (5), and drilling the turbine (2) by means of the drilling deweighting device (5); S3, measuring the initial unbalance amount and the phase of the initial unbalance amount of the turbine (2) under high vacuum and high speed; S4, driving the main shaft (3) by means of the motor (4) so ​​that the phase of the initial unbalance amount measured in step S3 is aligned with the laser de-weighting device (8), and laser de-weighting is performed on the turbine (2) by means of the laser de-weighting device (8).

6. The turbine rotor balancing and debugging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before step S1, the method further includes: The relative positions of the drilling deweighting device (5) and the laser deweighting device (8) with respect to the turbine (2) are calibrated.

7. The turbine rotor balancing and debugging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S1 comprises: S11, controlling the motor (4) and the vacuum pump to work by means of the processing and control unit (7), so that the vacuum chamber is in a low vacuum state and the spindle (3) is in a low speed state; S12, the vibration detection device (6) detects the turbine (2) when the turbine (2) is idling and when the turbine (2) is weighted, and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit (7), which calculates and calibrates the initial imbalance amount and the phase of the initial imbalance amount of the turbine (2) under low vacuum and low speed.

8. The turbine rotor balancing and debugging method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: S21, controlling the motor (4) to rotate by means of a processing and control unit (7) so that the phase of the initial unbalance amount measured in step S12 is aligned with the drilling deweighting device (5); S22, controlling the alignment mechanism to move toward the turbine (2) through the processing and control unit (7), and controlling the drilling mechanism to drill the circumferential surface of the turbine (2), wherein the drilling amount is the initial imbalance amount measured in step S12; S23, controlling the motor (4) to work by means of the processing and control unit (7), so that the spindle (3) is in a low speed state, the vibration detection device (6) detects the turbine (2), and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit (7), and the processing and control unit (7) calculates and obtains the unbalance amount and the phase of the unbalance amount of the turbine (2) after drilling; S24, detecting whether the unbalance amount obtained in step S23 reaches an acceptable range. If unqualified, repeating steps S21 to S23 until the detected unbalance amount reaches an acceptable range.

9. The turbine rotor balancing and debugging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S3 comprises: S31, controlling the motor (4) and the vacuum pump to work by means of the processing and control unit (7), so that the vacuum chamber is in a high vacuum state and the spindle (3) is in a high speed state; S32, the vibration detection device (6) detects the turbine (2) when the turbine (2) is idling and when the turbine (2) is weighted, and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit (7), which calculates and calibrates the initial imbalance amount and the phase of the initial imbalance amount of the turbine (2) under high vacuum and high speed.

10. The turbine rotor balancing and debugging method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step S4 comprises: S41, controlling the motor (4) to rotate by means of a processing and control unit (7) so that the phase of the initial unbalance amount measured in step S32 is aligned with the laser deweighting device (8); S42, controlling the laser deweighting device (8) to perform laser deweighting on the circumferential surface of the turbine (2) by means of the processing and control unit (7), wherein the laser deweighting amount is the initial unbalance amount measured in step S32; S43, controlling the motor (4) to work by means of the processing and control unit (7), so that the main shaft (3) is in a high speed state, the vibration detection device (6) detects the turbine (2), and the detection data is transmitted to the processing and control unit (7), and the processing and control unit (7) calculates the unbalance amount and the phase of the unbalance amount of the turbine (2) after laser deweighting; S44, detecting whether the unbalance amount obtained in step S43 reaches an acceptable range. If unqualified, repeating steps S41 to S43 until the detected unbalance amount reaches an acceptable range.

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