High-yield cultivation method for gastrodia elata sexual propagation based on artificial pollination

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of gastrodia elata cultivation, and particularly discloses a high-yield cultivation method for gastrodia elata sexual propagation based on artificial pollination, which comprises the following steps: S1, building an intelligent greenhouse in a land parcel with loose and fertile soil and good drainage in a mountainous area semi-shady slope, an automatic control system capable of automatically monitoring and adjusting environmental parameters in the greenhouse and a three-layer three-dimensional planting frame are installed in the intelligent greenhouse; by building the intelligent greenhouse and arranging an automatic control system, the intelligent greenhouse is always kept within the most suitable range for gastrodia elata growth, poor growth or diseases caused by environmental fluctuation are reduced, expansion of gastrodia elata tubers is facilitated, accumulation of effective medicinal components is improved, a specific pollination path is designed according to the gastrodia elata flower structure and pollen propagation characteristics, and the pollination efficiency is improved. Pollination operation is performed strictly according to the path by using a sterile pollination pen, so that the success rate of pollination is greatly improved, successful pollination of more flowers is ensured, and the number and quality of seeds are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of gastrodia elata cultivation, and particularly relates to a high-yield cultivation method for gastrodia elata sexual reproduction based on artificial pollination. Background Art

[0002] As a precious traditional Chinese medicine, Gastrodia elata has many medicinal effects such as calming the liver and calming wind, dispelling wind and unblocking meridians, and is widely in demand in the pharmaceutical market;

[0003] Traditional Gastrodia elata cultivation is mostly carried out in natural environments, which is greatly restricted by natural conditions such as region and climate. In addition, due to the lack of in-depth understanding of flower structure and pollen dissemination characteristics, pollination operations are often blind and the pollination efficiency is low, resulting in a low fruit set rate and a limited number of seeds, which limits the reproduction of Gastrodia elata and the expansion of its planting scale. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-yield cultivation method of Gastrodia elata sexual reproduction based on artificial pollination, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The high-yield cultivation method of Gastrodia elata based on artificial pollination and sexual reproduction includes:

[0007] S1. Build a smart greenhouse on a semi-shady slope in a mountainous area with loose, fertile soil and good drainage, and install an automatic control system and a three-layer stereoscopic planting rack in the smart greenhouse that can automatically monitor and adjust the environmental parameters in the greenhouse;

[0008] S2. Select seed hemp from the local Gastrodia elata planting base as candidate materials, use molecular marker technology to evaluate the genetic traits, disease resistance and yield potential of the candidate seed hemp, and screen out excellent seed hemp as cultivation materials;

[0009] S3, placing the selected high-quality seed hemp in a cold storage room at 4°C for low-temperature treatment for 7 days, and evenly applying a layer of biological fungus agent on the surface of the high-quality seed hemp after low-temperature treatment, and then planting it on the planting rack;

[0010] S4, after the optimal pollination time of Gastrodia elata is reached, a specific pollination path is used according to the structure of the Gastrodia elata flower, and pollination is performed every two days using a sterile pollination pen according to the pollination path until the end of the flowering period;

[0011] S5. The roots of Gastrodia elata are harvested after they are fully developed, and the harvested roots of Gastrodia elata are cleaned, dried and processed.

[0012] Preferably, the smart greenhouse is 50 meters long, 10 meters wide and 3.5 meters high, and uses tempered glass and a sunshade net with adjustable light transmittance as covering materials. The temperature range is 15-25°C, the humidity is 60%-70%, and the light intensity is 60%-80% of natural light.

[0013] Preferably, each layer of the three-layer stereoscopic planting rack is 1 meter high, the layer spacing is 0.8 meter, and each layer of the planting rack is equipped with an automatic drip irrigation system, and the drip irrigation frequency and water volume are set according to the growth cycle and water demand of Gastrodia elata.

[0014] Preferably, the growth cycle of the excellent hemp cultivation includes seedling stage, growth stage and maturity stage, and special nutrient solution is customized for the seedling stage, growth stage and maturity stage. The smart greenhouse is provided with an intelligent irrigation system for accurately applying the special nutrient solution to the soil of each layer of the planting rack according to the set frequency and amount.

[0015] Preferably, insect-proof nets are provided at the entrance and ventilation openings of the smart greenhouse, and the biological bacterial agent is a screened mycorrhizal fungus specifically for Gastrodia elata.

[0016] Preferably, a movable planting pot is provided on the planting rack.

[0017] Preferably, the use of molecular marker technology to evaluate the genetic traits, disease resistance and yield potential of candidate hemp seeds also includes genome sequencing, SNP analysis, gene polymorphism detection, etc. of the candidate hemp seeds, combined with genetic trait evaluation and disease resistance testing to screen out excellent hemp seeds.

[0018] Preferably, the pollination path is designed by an intelligent system based on the biological structure of the flower and the pollen propagation characteristics.

[0019] Preferably, the sterile pollination pen is made of nanofiber material and is disinfected for 15 minutes using an ultraviolet disinfection lamp before pollination.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention constructs an intelligent greenhouse and is equipped with an automatic control system, so that the plant is always kept within the most suitable range for the growth of Gastrodia elata, and poor growth or diseases caused by environmental fluctuations are reduced, which is conducive to the expansion of Gastrodia elata tubers and the accumulation of effective medicinal ingredients. A specific pollination path is designed according to the flower structure of Gastrodia elata and the pollen propagation characteristics, and a sterile pollination pen is used to strictly perform pollination operations according to the path, which greatly improves the success rate of pollination, ensures that more flowers are successfully pollinated, and increases the number and quality of seeds. Low-temperature treatment of high-quality seed hemp can effectively break the dormancy of the seed hemp and promote its faster germination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0023] Figure 1 The figure is a flowchart of the method steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0027] As attached Figure 1 As shown:

[0028] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a high-yield cultivation method of Gastrodia elata sexual reproduction based on artificial pollination, comprising:

[0029] S1. Build a smart greenhouse on a semi-shady slope in a mountainous area with loose, fertile soil and good drainage, and install an automatic control system and a three-layer stereoscopic planting rack in the smart greenhouse that can automatically monitor and adjust the environmental parameters in the greenhouse;

[0030] S2. Select seed hemp from the local Gastrodia elata planting base as candidate materials, use molecular marker technology to evaluate the genetic traits, disease resistance and yield potential of the candidate seed hemp, and screen out excellent seed hemp as cultivation materials;

[0031] S3, placing the selected high-quality seed hemp in a cold storage room at 4°C for low-temperature treatment for 7 days, and evenly applying a layer of biological fungus agent on the surface of the high-quality seed hemp after low-temperature treatment, and then planting it on the planting rack;

[0032] S4, after the optimal pollination time of Gastrodia elata is reached, a specific pollination path is used according to the structure of the Gastrodia elata flower, and pollination is performed every two days using a sterile pollination pen according to the pollination path until the end of the flowering period;

[0033] S5. Gastrodia elata roots are harvested after they are fully developed, and the harvested Gastrodia elata roots are cleaned, dried and processed to maintain the medicinal value of Gastrodia elata.

[0034] By building an intelligent greenhouse and installing an automatic control system, we can simulate the natural environment suitable for the growth of Gastrodia elata, provide stable temperature, humidity, light and other conditions for the entire growth cycle of Gastrodia elata, meet its growth needs, and provide a basic guarantee for high yield.

[0035] Use molecular marker technology to evaluate and screen seed hemp, select seed hemp with excellent traits from a genetic perspective, and provide a genetic basis for high yield and quality;

[0036] Low temperature treatment breaks the dormancy of hemp seed, and mycorrhizal fungi biological agents promote hemp seed germination and seedling growth, enhance the growth ability of Gastrodia elata itself, and improve yield and quality;

[0037] Precision pollination improves fruit set rate: Design pollination routes based on flower structure and pollen transmission characteristics, combined with standardized pollination operations, to improve pollination success rate, increase seed quantity and quality, and lay the foundation for subsequent high yields.

[0038] Specifically, the smart greenhouse is 50 meters long, 10 meters wide and 3.5 meters high. It uses tempered glass and a sunshade net with adjustable light transmittance as covering materials. The temperature range is 15-25°C, the humidity is 60%-70%, and the light intensity is 60%-80% of natural light.

[0039] Specifically, each layer of the three-layer three-dimensional planting rack is 1 meter high, and the layer spacing is 0.8 meters. Each layer of the planting rack is equipped with an automatic drip irrigation system, and the drip irrigation frequency and water volume are set according to the growth cycle and water demand of Gastrodia elata.

[0040] Specifically, the growth cycle of the excellent hemp cultivation includes the seedling stage, the growth stage and the maturity stage, and special nutrient solutions are customized for the seedling stage, the growth stage and the maturity stage. The smart greenhouse is equipped with an intelligent irrigation system to accurately apply the special nutrient solution to the soil of each layer of the planting rack according to the set frequency and amount.

[0041] Specifically, insect-proof nets are provided at the entrance and ventilation openings of the smart greenhouse, and the biological bacterial agent is a screened mycorrhizal fungus specifically for Gastrodia elata, which can promote the germination of seed hemp and the healthy growth of Gastrodia elata seedlings.

[0042] Specifically, the planting rack is provided with movable planting pots, which can be flexibly adjusted according to the growth conditions of Gastrodia elata, thereby optimizing the cultivation space and lighting conditions.

[0043] Specifically, the use of molecular marker technology to evaluate the genetic traits, disease resistance and yield potential of candidate hemp seeds also includes genome sequencing, SNP analysis, gene polymorphism detection, etc. of the candidate hemp seeds, combined with genetic trait evaluation and disease resistance testing, to screen out excellent hemp seeds to further evaluate their genetic diversity and excellent traits.

[0044] Specifically, the pollination path is designed by an intelligent system based on the biological structure of the flower and the pollen propagation characteristics to ensure that the pollination operation is accurate and efficient.

[0045] Specifically, the sterile pollination pen is made of nanofiber material and is disinfected for 15 minutes using an ultraviolet disinfection lamp before pollination.

[0046] From the above, we can see that the intelligent greenhouse system can be used to control key growth parameters such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity to simulate the optimal environmental conditions for the growth of Gastrodia elata and enhance its reproduction and growth efficiency. The automatic control system dynamically adjusts environmental parameters to ensure that the needs of Gastrodia elata at each growth stage are met;

[0047] Through molecular marker technology, genome sequencing and SNP analysis and other technical means, Gastrodia elata seed hemp is accurately screened to ensure the genetic stability, disease resistance and yield potential of the selected materials, thereby ensuring the quality and stability of the seed hemp after sexual reproduction;

[0048] During the low-temperature treatment of hemp seeds, the low-temperature environment can stimulate the hemp seeds to enter a dormant state, thereby increasing their germination rate. At the same time, the application of biological agents can promote the development and disease resistance of the root system of Gastrodia elata seedlings, and increase the survival rate and growth rate of Gastrodia elata.

[0049] The pollination path is designed with an intelligent system. According to the biological structure of Gastrodia elata flowers and the characteristics of pollen transmission, the timing and frequency of pollination are precisely controlled to maximize the success rate of pollination and the quality of seeds. The sterile pollination pen ensures the cleanliness of the pollination process and avoids cross contamination.

[0050] The intelligent irrigation system precisely controls the application of nutrient solution, and adjusts the formula of nutrient solution and irrigation frequency according to the different growth stages of Gastrodia elata (seedling stage, growth stage, and maturity stage), ensuring that Gastrodia elata can get sufficient nutrient support and promote healthy and rapid growth;

[0051] After the roots of Gastrodia elata are fully developed, they are harvested in time and processed such as cleaning and drying to maintain the medicinal value and market quality of Gastrodia elata. Through the environmental control of the intelligent greenhouse, the yield can be increased while ensuring the quality.

[0052] Example 2: Site preparation: Select a suitable plot on a semi-shaded slope in the mountainous area, and build a 50-meter-long, 10-meter-wide, and 3.5-meter-high intelligent greenhouse according to the design, covered with tempered glass and a sunshade net with adjustable light transmittance. Install an automatic control system that automatically monitors and adjusts the environmental parameters in the greenhouse, setting the temperature range to 15-25°C, the humidity to 60%-70%, and the light intensity to 60%-80% of natural light. Build a three-layer three-dimensional planting rack, with each layer 1 meter high and 0.8 meters between layers, and each layer is equipped with an automatic drip irrigation system.

[0053] Hemp seed screening: 100 hemp seed plants were selected from the local Gastrodia elata planting base as candidate materials. Molecular marker technology was used to perform genome sequencing, SNP analysis, gene polymorphism detection, etc., combined with genetic trait evaluation and disease resistance testing, and finally 30 high-quality hemp seed plants were selected as cultivation materials.

[0054] Pretreatment and planting of seed hemp: The 30 selected high-quality seed hemp were placed in a cold storage room at 4°C for 7 days. After treatment, the surface of the seed hemp was evenly coated with a special mycorrhizal fungus biological agent for Gastrodia elata, and then planted in a planting pot on a three-layer three-dimensional planting rack.

[0055] Pollination operation: The intelligent system designs the pollination path according to the structure of the Gastrodia elata flower and the characteristics of pollen transmission. When the best pollination time comes, a sterile pollination pen made of nanofiber material that has been disinfected by an ultraviolet disinfection lamp for 15 minutes is used every two days to pollinate the Gastrodia elata flowers according to the pollination path until the flowering period ends.

[0056] Growth management: During the growth of Gastrodia elata, according to its growth cycle, it is divided into seedling stage, growth stage and mature stage. Through the intelligent irrigation system, the customized special nutrient solution is accurately applied to the soil of each layer of the planting rack according to the set frequency and amount. At the same time, the automatic drip irrigation system is used to irrigate according to the water demand of Gastrodia elata to maintain soil moisture. Insect-proof nets are set at the entrance and vents of the smart greenhouse to prevent pests from entering.

[0057] Harvesting and processing: Gastrodia elata was harvested after its roots were fully developed, and a total of 500 kg of Gastrodia elata was harvested. The harvested Gastrodia elata roots were cleaned, dried, and processed to finally obtain Gastrodia elata products that meet the medicinal standards. After testing, the content of effective medicinal ingredients in this batch of Gastrodia elata reached the industry's high-quality standards.

[0058] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a plurality of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, and parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), installation arrangement, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element can be changed or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure of performing the function described herein, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other replacements, modifications, changes and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to numerous modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0059] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0060] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure without undue experimentation.

[0061] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-yield cultivation method for sexual reproduction of Gastrodia elata based on artificial pollination, characterized in that: include: S1. Build a smart greenhouse on a semi-shady slope in a mountainous area with loose, fertile soil and good drainage, and install an automatic control system and a three-layer stereoscopic planting rack in the smart greenhouse that can automatically monitor and adjust the environmental parameters in the greenhouse; S2. Select seed hemp from the local Gastrodia elata planting base as candidate materials, use molecular marker technology to evaluate the genetic traits, disease resistance and yield potential of the candidate seed hemp, and screen out excellent seed hemp as cultivation materials; S3, placing the selected high-quality seed hemp in a cold storage room at 4°C for low-temperature treatment for 7 days, and evenly applying a layer of biological fungus agent on the surface of the high-quality seed hemp after low-temperature treatment, and then planting it on the planting rack; S4, after the optimal pollination time of Gastrodia elata is reached, a specific pollination path is used according to the structure of the Gastrodia elata flower, and pollination is performed every two days using a sterile pollination pen according to the pollination path until the end of the flowering period; S5. The roots of Gastrodia elata are harvested after they are fully developed, and the harvested roots of Gastrodia elata are cleaned, dried and processed.

2. The high-yield cultivation method of Gastrodia elata based on artificial pollination sexual reproduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smart greenhouse is 50 meters long, 10 meters wide and 3.5 meters high. It uses tempered glass and a sunshade net with adjustable light transmittance as covering materials. The temperature range is 15-25°C, the humidity is 60%-70%, and the light intensity is 60%-80% of natural light.

3. The high-yield cultivation method of Gastrodia elata based on artificial pollination sexual reproduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each layer of the three-layer stereoscopic planting rack has a height of 1 meter and a layer spacing of 0.8 meters. Each layer of the planting rack is equipped with an automatic drip irrigation system, and the drip irrigation frequency and water volume are set according to the growth cycle and water demand of Gastrodia elata.

4. The high-yield cultivation method of Gastrodia elata based on artificial pollination sexual reproduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The growth cycle of the high-quality hemp cultivation includes the seedling stage, the growth stage and the maturity stage. Special nutrient solutions are customized for the seedling stage, the growth stage and the maturity stage. The smart greenhouse is equipped with an intelligent irrigation system for accurately applying the special nutrient solution to the soil of each layer of the planting rack according to the set frequency and amount.

5. The high-yield cultivation method of Gastrodia elata based on artificial pollination sexual reproduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Insect-proof nets are arranged at the entrance and ventilation openings of the intelligent greenhouse, and the biological bacterial agent is a screened mycorrhizal fungus specially grown for Gastrodia elata.

6. The high-yield cultivation method of Gastrodia elata based on artificial pollination sexual reproduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable planting pot is arranged on the planting frame.

7. The high-yield cultivation method of Gastrodia elata based on artificial pollination sexual reproduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The use of molecular marker technology to evaluate the genetic traits, disease resistance and yield potential of candidate hemp seeds also includes genome sequencing, SNP analysis, gene polymorphism detection, etc. of the candidate hemp seeds, combining genetic trait evaluation and disease resistance testing to screen out excellent hemp seeds.

8. The high-yield cultivation method of Gastrodia elata based on artificial pollination sexual reproduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pollination path is designed by an intelligent system based on the biological structure of the flower and the pollen dissemination characteristics.

9. The high-yield cultivation method of Gastrodia elata based on artificial pollination sexual reproduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sterile pollination pen is made of nanofiber material and is disinfected for 15 minutes using an ultraviolet disinfection lamp before pollination.

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