Sticky and wet waste comprehensive utilization system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive utilization system and method for sticky and wet waste, and relates to the technical field of waste treatment, the comprehensive utilization system comprises a sorting and filter pressing system, a conveying system, a secondary crushing system and a mixing and final crushing system which are connected in sequence, and a control system which is in signal connection with each system; the sorting and filter pressing system comprises sorting equipment and a filter press and is used for treating the sticky and wet wastes into filter cakes; the conveying system is responsible for conveying the filter cake from the filter pressing area to the secondary crushing system; the secondary crushing system is used for performing secondary crushing on the filter cake to specified granularity; and the mixing and final crushing system is used for mixing the secondarily crushed material with the finished product material according to a certain proportion, and then crushing again. By means of innovative process design, efficient smashing and mixing of the sticky and wet waste are achieved, the utilization rate of the sticky and wet waste as an industrial raw material is increased, the treatment cost is reduced, and meanwhile environmental pollution is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, and in particular to a system and method for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet waste. Background Art

[0002] Wet and sticky waste, such as coal slime, is produced in production and social activities such as coal washing and sewage treatment. It has the characteristics of high moisture, high viscosity, high water holding capacity and low calorific value. Its treatment and utilization have always been a difficult problem in the industry. Traditional methods such as the coal slime filter cake obtained after filtration by a plate filter press make it difficult to process and utilize it later due to the above characteristics. Although some manufacturers use drying systems for treatment, there are problems such as complex links, large investments, high maintenance costs, and unsatisfactory treatment effects. Most of the wet and sticky waste is discharged, which not only occupies land and pollutes the environment, but also causes waste of resources. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an efficient, low-cost, and environmentally friendly system and method for the comprehensive utilization of wet and sticky waste. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet waste. Through innovative process design, efficient crushing and mixing of sticky and wet waste are achieved, the utilization rate of sticky and wet waste as industrial raw materials is improved, the processing cost is reduced, and environmental pollution is reduced.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0005] A system for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet wastes, comprising a sorting and filtration system, a conveying system, a secondary pulverizing system, a mixing and final pulverizing system connected in sequence, and a control system connected to the signals of each system; the sorting and filtration system comprises a sorting device and a filter press, which are used to process the sticky and wet wastes into filter cakes; the conveying system is responsible for conveying the filter cakes from the filtration area to the secondary pulverizing system; the secondary pulverizing system is used to secondary pulverize the filter cakes to a specified particle size; the mixing and final pulverizing system is used to mix the secondary pulverized materials with the finished materials in a certain proportion, and then pulverize them again.

[0006] After adopting the above structure, the excess water and some impurities in the waste are removed through the sorting and filter pressing system; the conveying system is responsible for conveying the filter cake from the filter pressing area to the secondary crushing system, and the secondary crushing system is used to crush the filter cake to a specified particle size; the mixing and final crushing system is used to mix the secondary crushed material with the finished material in a certain proportion, and then crush it again. The efficient crushing and mixing of sticky and wet waste is achieved, the utilization rate of it as an industrial raw material is improved, the processing cost is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced.

[0007] Furthermore, the secondary crushing system is a shearing type secondary crushing device, which includes a high-speed rotating shear blade. Through this design, the secondary crushing of sticky and wet waste can be achieved.

[0008] Furthermore, the mixing and final crushing system includes an extrusion processing device. Through this design, the mixed material can be crushed by extrusion to achieve uniformity of particle size.

[0009] Furthermore, the conveying system also includes a mixing conveying line, which is used to convey the medium-grained product and the finished material to the mixing and final crushing system respectively; the mixing conveying line includes a first conveying line for conveying the material after secondary crushing, a second conveying line for conveying the finished material, and a main conveying line, the main conveying line is located at the bottom of the first conveying line and the second conveying line at the material drop end and is used to receive the material conveyed by the first conveying line and the second conveying line, and the discharge end of the main conveying line is connected to the feeding port of the mixing and final crushing system. Through this design, the medium-grained product and the finished material are mixed in proportion.

[0010] Furthermore, the material inlets of the first conveyor line and the second conveyor line are provided with a material leveler and a material layer thickness detection device. Through this design, the thickness of the conveyed material layer can be ensured to be uniform, thereby facilitating the mixing of subsequent materials.

[0011] Furthermore, the first conveyor line and the second conveyor line are connected to the same driving device via a transmission structure. This design reduces the investment in the driving device and facilitates adjusting the speed difference of the two conveyor lines at any time as needed to achieve mixing of different proportions.

[0012] Furthermore, the transmission structure includes a fixed seat, on which two conical rollers are rotatably mounted, the two conical rollers are mounted in opposite directions and their roller axes are located in the same horizontal plane and are arranged in parallel; an installation gap is arranged between the two conical rollers, and a transmission wheel is movably mounted in the installation gap along its extension direction, the diameter of the transmission wheel is equal to the width of the installation gap, and the transmission wheel is always in frictional contact with the conical rollers on both sides; the driving device is connected to any conical roller; the active roller of the first conveyor line and the active roller of the second conveyor line are connected to different conical rollers. Through this design, by adjusting the position of the transmission wheel, different speed differences of the two conveyor lines are achieved, and different proportions of materials are mixed.

[0013] Further, the transmission wheel can be lifted and mounted on the fixed seat. Through this design, it is avoided that when adjusting the position of the transmission wheel, the position adjustment of the transmission wheel is difficult due to friction.

[0014] A method for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet wastes, using any of the above-mentioned sticky and wet waste comprehensive utilization systems, includes the following steps: S1: sorting and filtration: converting coal slime water into coal slime filter cake after sorting and filtration; S2: secondary crushing: secondary crushing of the coal slime filter cake; S3: mixing and final crushing: mixing the secondary crushed material with the finished material in a certain proportion, and crushing the mixture while achieving full mixing to form a final product.

[0015] Among them, the particle size of the coal slime filter cake after secondary crushing in S2 is less than 25mm; the particle size of the finished material is below 10mm; and the mixing ratio of the secondary crushed material and the finished material in S3 is 1:8 to 1:15.

[0016] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The present invention provides a system and method for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet wastes, which solves the technical problem that the prior art coal slime filter cakes cannot be fully utilized, causing environmental pollution and cost waste. The present invention realizes efficient crushing and mixing of sticky and wet wastes through innovative process design, improves its utilization rate as industrial raw materials, reduces processing costs, and reduces environmental pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention is a system for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet wastes;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the secondary comminution system;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the mixing and final crushing system;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a method and process for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet wastes;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hybrid conveyor line and the transmission structure in the second embodiment;

[0023] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Structural diagram of the transmission structure;

[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Middle AA section view.

[0025] In the figure, 1. sorting and filtration system, 11. sorting equipment, 12. filter press, 21. first conveyor line, 22. second conveyor line, 23. transmission structure, 231. fixed seat, 232. active conical roller, 233. driven conical roller, 234. transmission wheel, 235. slide rail, 236. slide seat, 237. lifting frame, 24. material distributor, 241. frame, 242. material distributor auger, 25. reduction motor, 3. secondary crushing system, 31. rotating shaft, 32. fixed shaft, 4. mixing and final crushing system, 41. processing chamber, 5. filter cake, 51. secondary medium particle product, 52. finished material, 53. terminal small particles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] The orientations mentioned in this specification are based on the orientations of the system and method for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet wastes of the present invention when they are working normally, and are not limited to the orientations during storage and transportation. They only represent relative positional relationships, not absolute positional relationships.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a system for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet wastes includes a sorting and filtration system 1, a conveying system, a secondary crushing system 3, a mixing and final crushing system 4, and a control system connected to the signals of each system in sequence.

[0029] The sorting and filter pressing system 1 includes a sorting device 11 and a filter press 12; it is used to process sticky and wet waste (such as coal slime water) into filter cake 5. This step is to remove excess water and some impurities in the waste to facilitate subsequent processing. The filter cake 5 processed by the sorting and filter pressing system 1 has a water content of 25% to 28%, which is a sticky and wet material.

[0030] The conveying system is responsible for conveying the filter cake 5 from the filter press area to the secondary crushing system 3; in this embodiment, the preferred conveying system is a scraper conveyor; the filter cake 5 is conveyed to the secondary crushing system 3 by the scraper conveyor. The coal slime filter cake 5 is of different sizes and has a large difference in particle size. The secondary crushing system 3 is used to crush the filter cake 5 to a specified particle size, which is less than 25 mm. In this embodiment, the secondary crushing system 3 is a shearing type secondary crushing device, which includes a high-speed rotating shear blade.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the shearing secondary crushing device adopts the TCCF shearing processing equipment produced by Taibok (Tianjin) Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd., which crushes the coal slime filter cake 5 by the shearing action of the rotating shaft 31 and the fixed shaft 32. This device does not require a special equipment installation and layout space, and can be directly installed on a scraper or a belt conveyor. The processing capacity is large enough to meet the simultaneous feeding of 3 to 5 plate and frame filter presses without clogging, and the discharge particle size is controlled below 25 mm, and the yield rate can reach more than 98%. The secondary crushing system 3 crushes the sticky and wet material to a particle size below 25 mm.

[0032] The mixing and final crushing system 4 is used to mix the secondary crushed material (secondary medium particle product 51) with the finished material 52 in a certain proportion, and then crush it again. The particle size of the secondary medium particle product 51 is less than 25mm. The secondary medium particle product 51 is mixed with the finished material 52 in a certain proportion from the discharge port of the secondary crushing system 3. In this embodiment, the particle size of the finished material 52 is less than 10mm. The secondary medium particle product 51 and the finished material 52 are mixed in a ratio of 1:8 to 1:15 and enter the mixing and final crushing system 4. After being processed in the mixing and final crushing system 4, they are crushed into terminal small particles 53, and the particle size of the terminal small particles 53 is less than 10mm. The finished material 52 and the secondary medium particle product 51 are fully mixed and crushed, and there is no difference in particle size from the finished material 52. After mixing with the finished material 52, the moisture content of the terminal small particles 53 is between 5% and 15%. Within this range, the combustion performance and calorific value of the fine coal can be better guaranteed, which meets the production standards of fine coal and can be directly put into the fine coal bin for loading and transportation or used for deep processing.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the mixing and final crushing system 4 in this embodiment includes an extrusion processing device. The TCC-B type extrusion processing device produced by Taibok (Tianjin) Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd. is used. The mixed finished material 52 and the secondary medium particle product 51 can be crushed and fully mixed in the processing chamber 41. This device does not require a special equipment installation and layout space, and can be directly installed on a scraper or belt conveyor. The discharge particle size is controlled below 10mm, and the yield rate can reach more than 96%.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, a method for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet wastes comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1: Sorting and filtration; the coal slurry water is sorted and filtered to become coal slurry filter cake 5;

[0036] S2: secondary crushing; the coal slime filter cake 5 is subjected to secondary crushing; the particle size of the coal slime filter cake 5 after the secondary crushing is less than 25 mm;

[0037] S3: Mixing and final crushing: The secondary crushed material is mixed with the finished material 52 in a certain ratio, and the mixture is crushed while being fully mixed to form a final product. The particle size of the finished material 52 is less than 10 mm; the mixing ratio of the secondary crushed material and the finished material 52 in S3 is 1:8 to 1:15.

[0038] Embodiment 2:

[0039] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown together, this embodiment is further improved on the basis of the first embodiment. In order to achieve precise control of the secondary medium particle product 51 and the finished material 52 and to achieve rapid ratio adjustment, the conveying system in this embodiment also includes a mixing conveying line for conveying the secondary medium particle product 51 and the finished material 52 to the mixing and final crushing system 4 respectively.

[0040] The mixing conveyor line includes a first conveyor line 21 for conveying the material after secondary crushing (i.e., the above-mentioned secondary medium particle product 51), a second conveyor line 22 for conveying the finished material 52, and a main conveyor line (not shown in the figure). The main conveyor line is located at the bottom of the drop end of the first conveyor line 21 and the second conveyor line 22 and is used to receive the material conveyed on the first conveyor line 21 and the second conveyor line 22. The discharge end of the main conveyor line is connected to the feed port of the mixing and final crushing system 4.

[0041] The material inlets of the first conveyor line 21 and the second conveyor line 22 are provided with a sparger 24 and a material layer thickness detection device. The material layer thickness of the first conveyor line 21 and the second conveyor line 22 can be accurately adjusted by the sparger 24 and the material layer thickness detection device, so as to conveniently control the volume of the conveyed material.

[0042] The structure of the material distributors 24 on the first conveying line 21 and the second conveying line 22 is consistent. In this embodiment, only the material distributor on the first conveying line 21 is taken as an example for detailed description.

[0043] The material distributor 24 is located at the feed port of the first conveyor line 21, and includes a frame 241. The frame 241 is located above the first conveyor line 21. A feed port is provided on the frame 241. A material distributor auger 242 is provided downstream of the feed port. The material distributor auger 242 spans the upper surface of the first conveyor line 21, and there is a material passing gap between the material distributor auger 242 and the upper surface of the first conveyor line 21. The installation height of the material distributor auger 242 is adjustable so as to adjust the thickness of the material layer. The material distributor auger 242 is provided with two groups of spiral blades, and the two groups of spiral blades are symmetrically arranged on the auger shaft, so as to guide the material from the middle to both sides. The material distributor auger 242 is connected to an auger drive, and the auger drive drives the material distributor auger 242 to rotate.

[0044] In order to reduce the material guiding pressure, two groups of material dividing augers 242 are arranged side by side. The two groups of material dividing augers 242 are connected to the same augers through chain transmission. The arrangement of the two groups of material dividing augers 242 ensures that the materials on the first conveyor line 21 can be evenly laid on the surface of the first conveyor line 21 with a stable and consistent thickness. There can be a certain height difference between the heights of the two groups of material dividing augers 242, so as to achieve layered material leveling and reduce the difficulty of material leveling. A weight sensor (not shown in the figure) is arranged at the bottom of the first conveyor line 21 at the bottom of the feed port. When the material entering the feed port reaches a certain weight, the weight sensor controls the feeding speed of the feed port to prevent the first conveyor line 21 from breaking.

[0045] A material layer thickness detection device is provided at the rear end of the material distribution auger 242. It is used to detect the material leveling of the material leveler 24. The material layer thickness detection device can adopt the structure in the prior art, and reference can be made to a feed height limit alarm device disclosed in Chinese patent CN 212173621 U.

[0046] Furthermore, because the secondary medium particle product 51 and the finished material 52 are mixed in a certain ratio, the material layer thickness on the first conveyor line 21 and the second conveyor line 22 is certain, so the ratio between the two can be adjusted by changing the feeding speed of the two, so that the final finished material meets the moisture content requirements.

[0047] In order to facilitate the regulation of the material discharge speed ratio between the two, in this embodiment, the first conveyor line 21 and the second conveyor line 22 are connected to the same driving device via a transmission structure 23. In this embodiment, the driving device is preferably a reduction motor 25.

[0048] The transmission structure 23 includes a fixed seat 231, on which two conical rollers (active conical roller 232 and driven conical roller 233) are rotatably mounted. The active conical roller 232 and the driven conical roller 233 are of the same shape and are conical structures. The installation directions of the two are opposite, but their roller axes are located in the same horizontal plane and are arranged in parallel. An installation gap is arranged between the active conical roller 232 and the driven conical roller 233. A transmission wheel 234 is movably mounted in the installation gap along its extension direction. The diameter of the transmission wheel 234 is equal to the width of the installation gap. The transmission wheel 234 is always in friction contact with the active conical roller 232 or the driven conical roller 233 on both sides. The reduction motor 25 is connected to the roller shaft of the active conical roller 232. The roller shaft of the active conical roller 232 is connected to the active roller of the first conveyor line 21, and the roller shaft of the driven conical roller 233 is connected to the active roller of the second conveyor line 22.

[0049] The active conical roller 232 is driven to rotate by the reduction motor 25, which in turn drives the transmission wheel 234 to rotate, and then drives the driven conical roller 233 to rotate. Since the rotation circumferences of the active conical roller 232 and the driven conical roller 233 are different, there is a certain speed difference between the two, thereby achieving differential rotation between the two, and realizing speed control of the first conveyor line 21 and the second conveyor line 22.

[0050] Furthermore, a slide rail 235 is provided at the bottom of the fixed seat 231 along the installation gap, a slide seat 236 is installed on the slide rail 235, and a transmission wheel 234 is installed on the slide seat 236. A lead screw and a stepping motor for driving the lead screw to rotate are also rotatably installed on the fixed seat 231, a lead screw nut is matched and installed on the lead screw, and the lead screw nut is fixed on the slide seat 236. The stepping motor drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby controlling the movement of the lead screw nut, realizing the movement of the slide seat 236, and then driving the transmission wheel 234 to move along the installation gap, thereby adjusting the speed difference between the active tapered roller 232 and the driven tapered roller 233.

[0051] Furthermore, because the transmission wheel 234 is in frictional contact with the active conical roller 232 or the driven conical roller 233, the friction force of the transmission wheel 234 will be relatively large when it moves. In order to avoid the transmission wheel 234 from being difficult to move, the transmission wheel 234 in this embodiment can be installed on the fixed seat 231 in a lifting manner. That is, a lifting frame 237 is vertically installed on the slide 236, and the lifting frame 237 is located between the installation gaps. The transmission wheel 234 can be installed on the lifting frame 237 in a lifting manner. The lifting frame 237 adopts a manual lifting frame or an automatic lifting frame, which is not limited in this embodiment. The transmission wheel 234 is lifted and lowered by the lifting frame, so as to be separated from the active conical roller 232 and the driven conical roller 233, so as to facilitate their position exchange, thereby changing the speed difference between the first conveyor line 21 and the second conveyor line 22, and realizing the regulation of the proportion.

[0052] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet waste, characterized in that: It includes a sorting and filtration system, a conveying system, a secondary crushing system, a mixing and final crushing system connected in sequence, and a control system connected to the signals of each system; The sorting and filtration system includes sorting equipment and a filter press, which are used to process sticky and wet waste into filter cakes; the conveying system is responsible for conveying the filter cakes from the filtration area to the secondary crushing system; the secondary crushing system is used to crush the filter cakes to a specified particle size; the mixing and final crushing system is used to mix the secondary crushed materials with the finished materials in a certain proportion, and then crush them again.

2. A system for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary pulverizing system is a shearing type secondary pulverizing device, which includes a high-speed rotating shearing blade.

3. The system for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing and final comminution system includes an extrusion processing device.

4. The system for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying system also includes a mixing conveying line for conveying the medium particle product and the finished product to the mixing and final crushing system respectively; The mixing conveyor line includes a first conveyor line for conveying materials after secondary crushing, a second conveyor line for conveying finished materials, and a main conveyor line. The main conveyor line is located at the bottom of the blanking end of the first conveyor line and the second conveyor line and is used to receive the materials conveyed on the first conveyor line and the second conveyor line. The discharge end of the main conveyor line is connected to the feed port of the mixing and final crushing system.

5. A system for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material inlets of the first conveying line and the second conveying line are provided with a material leveler and a material layer thickness detection device.

6. A system for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first conveying line and the second conveying line are connected to the same driving device via a transmission structure.

7. A system for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission structure comprises a fixed seat, on which two tapered rollers are rotatably mounted, the two tapered rollers are mounted in opposite directions and their roller axes are located in the same horizontal plane and are arranged in parallel; an installation gap is arranged between the two tapered rollers, in which a transmission wheel is movably mounted along the extension direction of the installation gap, the diameter of the transmission wheel is equal to the width of the installation gap, and the transmission wheel is always in friction contact with the tapered rollers on both sides; The driving device is transmission-connected to any one of the tapered rollers; the driving roller of the first conveying line and the driving roller of the second conveying line are transmission-connected to different tapered rollers.

8. A system for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission wheel is mounted on the fixing seat in a liftable manner.

9. A method for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet waste, characterized in that: The system for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet wastes according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1: Sorting and filtration: The coal slurry is sorted and filtered to become coal slurry filter cake; S2: Secondary crushing: Secondary crushing of the coal slime filter cake; S3: Mixing and final crushing: Mix the secondary crushed materials with the finished materials in a certain proportion, and crush the mixture while achieving full mixing to form the final product.

10. The method for comprehensive utilization of sticky and wet waste according to claim 9, characterized in that: The particle size of the coal slime filter cake after secondary crushing in S2 is less than 25 mm; the particle size of the finished material is less than 10 mm; the mixing ratio of the secondary crushed material and the finished material in S3 is 1:8 to 1:15.

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