Speed measurement and positioning system and method for maglev train

Abstract

The invention discloses a maglev train speed measurement positioning system and method. The system comprises a light source; the optical waveguide sensing array is arranged along the track and is coupled with the light source; the optical signal receiver is coupled with the optical waveguide sensing array; the optical waveguide sensing array comprises a plurality of optical waveguide sensors, and each optical waveguide sensor comprises a first optical fiber which is coupled with a light source and transmits a first optical signal through a first transmission optical cable; the second optical fiber transmits a second optical signal through a second transmission optical cable; the driving module drives the second optical fiber to move between the first position and the second position, and when the second optical fiber is located at the second position, the distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber meets the condition that a light evanescent field is formed between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber and optical coupling occurs, so that the second optical fiber generates a second optical signal; and the signal processing module demodulates the position and the running speed of the maglev train. The speed and the position of the magnetically levitated train can be calculated in the high-intensity magnetic field environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical waveguide sensing, and in particular to a magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system and method. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, current wheel-rail trains mainly rely on encoders or speed measuring motors to directly measure the wheel speed to obtain the actual speed of the train, and then calculate the train position based on transponders and track circuits. Unlike the driving method of traditional trains, high-speed maglev trains driven by electromagnetic force have no direct contact between the body and the track during driving, and the existing vehicle measurement and positioning methods based on wheel-rail contact cannot be used. In addition, the working principle of maglev trains makes the bottom of the train always in a strong magnetic field environment, which can easily cause strong interference to electronic sensors and make them unable to work normally. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, this application adopts the following technical solutions: The present application provides a magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system, the system comprising: A light source, for emitting a light signal; An optical waveguide sensor array is arranged along the track and coupled to the light source; an optical signal receiver coupled to the optical waveguide sensor array; The optical waveguide sensor array includes a plurality of optical waveguide sensors, two adjacent optical waveguide sensors are coupled via a transmission optical cable, and the optical waveguide sensors include: a first optical fiber, the first optical fiber is coupled to the light source and transmits a first optical signal to a first optical fiber of a subsequent optical waveguide sensor through a first transmission optical cable; a second optical fiber, transmitting a second optical signal to a second optical fiber of a subsequent optical waveguide sensor through a second transmission optical cable; a driving module, wherein the driving module is configured to be driven by the magnetic component of the maglev train and to drive at least a portion of the second optical fiber to move between a first position and a second position, wherein when the second optical fiber is at the second position, a distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber satisfies: an evanescent field is formed between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber and optical coupling occurs, so that the second optical fiber generates the second optical signal; The system further comprises a signal processing module, which is configured to demodulate the position and running speed of the maglev train according to the sequence changes of the two optical signals received by the optical signal receiver.

[0004] In summary, the present application provides a maglev train speed measurement and positioning system, which is provided with a first optical fiber connected to a light source and a second optical fiber not connected to the light source, and the optical signal receiver receives an optical signal from the first optical fiber. By providing a driving module driven by the magnetic component of the maglev train, when the maglev train passes through the optical waveguide sensor, the driving module drives the second optical fiber to move, and an evanescent field of light is formed between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber, and part of the optical signal in the first optical fiber is coupled to the second optical fiber, so that the optical signal sensor receives two optical signals from the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber; the first optical signal sequence and / or the second optical signal sequence within a period of time are collected, and the speed measurement and positioning of the maglev train is achieved according to the changes in the optical pulses of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, combined with the size of the magnetic component arranged on the front of the maglev train. In addition, the optical waveguide sensor used in the present application is small in size, does not require an external power supply, is not affected by the strong magnetic field environment at the bottom of the maglev train, has a low manufacturing cost, and is suitable for large-scale deployment and application.

[0005] Furthermore, the fiber diameters of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber close to the driving module are thinner than the fiber diameters of the optical fibers at both ends of the optical fibers.

[0006] Furthermore, the middle parts of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are arranged close to the driving module, wherein the fiber diameters of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber at both ends are greater than 100 microns, and the fiber diameters of the middle parts of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are greater than or equal to 5 microns and less than or equal to 20 microns.

[0007] Further, when the second optical fiber is in the first position, the distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is defined as a first distance; when the second optical fiber is in the second position, the distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is defined as a second distance, and the first distance is greater than the second distance; and a travel distance of the second optical fiber from the first position to the second position is greater than or equal to 100 microns and less than or equal to 200 microns.

[0008] Furthermore, the middle parts of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are in an oppositely arranged arched structure.

[0009] Furthermore, when the second optical fiber is in the second position, the coupling efficiency between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is greater than 10%.

[0010] Further, when the second optical fiber is at the second position, a distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is greater than or equal to 1 micron and less than or equal to 10 microns.

[0011] Furthermore, the detent rod is attracted by the magnetic component of the maglev train, forcing the second optical fiber to move from the first position to the second position; Alternatively, the detent rod is repelled by the magnetic component of the maglev train, forcing the second optical fiber to move from the second position to the first position.

[0012] Further, the first optical fiber and the first transmission optical cable are integrally formed, or the first optical fiber and the first transmission optical cable are fusion-spliced; The second optical fiber and the second transmission optical cable are integrally formed, or the second optical fiber and the second transmission optical cable are fusion-spliced.

[0013] Furthermore, the method includes: collecting a first light signal sequence and / or a second light signal sequence within a period of time, and calculating the speed of the maglev train according to the pulse width of the first light signal sequence and / or the second light signal sequence and the size of the magnetic component of the maglev train. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the composition of a magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the position of a second optical fiber in a first position in a magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the position of a second optical fiber in a second position in a magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of light pulse changes in a magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the optical fiber diameter in a magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the specific implementation modes shown in the accompanying drawings, but these implementation modes do not limit the present application. Structural, methodological, or functional changes made by ordinary technicians in the field based on these implementation modes are included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0016] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system, the system comprising: A light source, for emitting a light signal; An optical waveguide sensor array is arranged along the track and coupled to a light source; an optical signal receiver coupled to the optical waveguide sensor array; The optical waveguide sensor array includes a plurality of optical waveguide sensors, and two adjacent optical waveguide sensors are coupled via a transmission optical cable. The optical waveguide sensors include: A first optical fiber, the first optical fiber is coupled to a light source and transmits a first optical signal to a first optical fiber of a subsequent optical waveguide sensor through a first transmission optical cable; a second optical fiber, transmitting a second optical signal to a second optical fiber of a subsequent optical waveguide sensor through a second transmission optical cable; Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the maglev train speed measurement and positioning system provided by the present application is provided with a light source 11 and an optical signal receiver 13 at both ends, respectively. The light source 11 and the optical signal receiver 13 are connected through an optical waveguide sensor array 12. The optical waveguide sensor array 12 is arranged along the track, wherein the optical waveguide sensor array 12 includes a plurality of optical waveguide sensors 121, and each adjacent two optical waveguide sensors 121 are coupled through a transmission optical cable.

[0017] For example, the following description is made by taking the optical waveguide sensor 121 closest to the light source 11 in the optical waveguide sensor array 12 as an example. For the sake of convenience, the optical waveguide sensor 121 through which the light signal near the light source passes first is defined as the front-stage optical waveguide sensor 121, and the optical waveguide sensor 121 through which the light signal passes later is defined as the rear-stage optical waveguide sensor 121. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the optical waveguide sensor 121 includes a first optical fiber 1211 and a second optical fiber 1212. The first end of the first optical fiber 1211 is coupled to the light source 11 through an optical cable. For the convenience of description, the optical cable connected to the first optical fiber 1211 is defined as a first transmission optical cable 122. The second end of the first optical fiber 1211 transmits an optical signal to the subsequent optical waveguide sensor 121 through the first transmission optical cable 122. For the convenience of description, the optical signal transmitted by the first optical fiber 1211 is defined as a first optical signal. The subsequent optical waveguide sensor 121 is connected to the first transmission optical cable 122. The first optical fiber 1211 receives the first optical signal transmitted by the preceding optical waveguide sensor 121 until the first optical signal is received by the optical signal receiver 13; the first end of the second optical fiber 1212 of the optical waveguide sensor 121 closest to the light source 11 is cut off, the second optical fiber 1212 is not connected to the light source, and the second end of the second optical fiber 1212 is connected to the optical signal receiver 13 through an optical cable. For ease of explanation, the optical cable connected to the second optical fiber 1212 is defined as a second transmission optical cable 123, and the optical signal transmitted by the second optical fiber 1212 is defined as a second optical signal.

[0018] Further, as an implementation method, the first optical fiber 1211 can be integrally formed with the first transmission optical cable 122, or the first optical fiber 1211 can be connected to the first transmission optical cable 122 by fusion splicing; similarly, the second optical fiber 1212 can be integrally formed with the second transmission optical cable 123, or the second optical fiber 1212 can be connected to the second transmission optical cable 123 by fusion splicing.

[0019] The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system provided in the present application further includes a driving module 14, which is configured to be driven by the magnetic component of the maglev train and drive at least a portion of the second optical fiber 1212 to move between the first position and the second position. For ease of description, the optical signal receiver 13 of the second optical fiber 1212 in the first position is defined as a first state, and the optical signal receiver 13 of the second optical fiber 1212 in the second position is defined as a second state.

[0020] As a first optional implementation method, a group of magnet modules are installed at the lower part of the front of the maglev high-speed train, and the position of the first optical fiber 1211 is fixed. Figure 2 As shown, when the locomotive does not pass through the optical waveguide sensor 121, the second optical fiber 1212 is away from the first optical fiber 1211, and the position of the second optical fiber 1212 at this time is defined as the first position; Figure 3 As shown, when the locomotive passes the optical waveguide sensor 121, the driving module 14 is driven by the magnet module to drive at least a portion of the second optical fiber 1212 to move toward the first optical fiber 1211, and the position of the second optical fiber 1212 after the movement is defined as the second position, wherein the distance between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 at the second position satisfies: an evanescent field of light is formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 at the second position, and optical coupling occurs.

[0021] It should be noted that when the optical signal receiver is in the second state, it is not required that the second optical fiber 1212 is in direct contact with the first optical fiber 1211. It is only required that the distance between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211 is less than a certain distance, so as to form an evanescent field of light, and the coupling of the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211 is achieved through the evanescent field of light, thereby achieving the transmission or exchange of optical power between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211. In one embodiment, when the second optical fiber 1212 is in the second position, the distance between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211 is greater than or equal to 1 micron and less than or equal to 10 microns, so that an evanescent field of light is formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 in the second position.

[0022] When the front end of the maglev high-speed train passes the optical waveguide sensor 121, the optical signal receiver 13 switches from the first state to the second state, and the driving module 14 drives the second optical fiber 1212 to move toward the first optical fiber 1211. An evanescent field of light is formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212. The optical power of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 is exchanged, and part of the optical signal in the first optical fiber 1211 is coupled to the second optical fiber 1212, so that the optical signal received by the optical signal receiver 13 changes. Based on the change of the optical signal over a period of time, the speed of the maglev train is calculated.

[0023] Further, as an optional implementation, the driving module 14 includes: a detent rod 141 and a detent edge 142, the detent rod 141 is driven by the magnetic component of the front of the maglev train, and the detent rod 141 moves along the height direction, wherein the detent rod 141 is configured as a material attracted by the magnetic component; the detent edge 142 is connected to the detent rod 141, and the detent edge 142 is in contact with the second optical fiber 1212. When the maglev train passes the optical waveguide sensor 121, the detent rod 141 is attracted by the magnetic component of the maglev train, and the detent rod 141 acts on the detent edge 142 to force the second optical fiber 1212 to move from the first position to the second position, and an evanescent field of light is formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212, and optical power is exchanged between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212. When the maglev train leaves the optical waveguide sensor 121, the detent rod 141 acts on the detent edge 142 to force the second optical fiber 1212 to move from the second position to the first position, and the evanescent field of light between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 attenuates, and the optical power coupling between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 stops, so that the optical signal received by the optical signal receiver 13 changes. Based on the changes in the optical signals transmitted by the first optical fiber 1211 and / or the second optical fiber 1212 over a period of time, the speed of the maglev train can be calculated.

[0024] As a second optional implementation method, a group of magnet modules are installed at the lower part of the front of the maglev high-speed train, and the position of the first optical fiber 1211 is fixed. When the train head has not passed the optical waveguide sensor 121, the second optical fiber 1212 is fixed close to the first optical fiber 1211, and the position of the second optical fiber 1212 at this time is defined as the second position; when the train head passes the optical waveguide sensor 121, the driving module 14 is driven by the magnet module to drive at least part of the second optical fiber 1212 to move away from the first optical fiber 1211, and the position of the second optical fiber 1212 after the movement is defined as the first position, wherein the distance between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 in the second position satisfies: an evanescent field of light is formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 in the second position. The second optical fiber 1212 is not connected to the light source 11, the second optical fiber 1212 is in the second position, an evanescent field of light is formed between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211, the optical power of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 is exchanged, and part of the optical signal in the first optical fiber 1211 is coupled to the second optical fiber 1212; when the front of the maglev high-speed train passes through the optical waveguide sensor 121, the driving module 14 drives the second optical fiber 1212 to move away from the first optical fiber 1211, the evanescent field of light between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 is attenuated, and the optical power of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 stops exchanging, so that the optical signal received by the optical signal receiver 13 changes, and the speed of the maglev train is calculated based on the change of the optical signal over a period of time.

[0025] Further, as an implementation method, the driving module 14 includes: a detent rod 141 and a detent edge 142, the detent rod 141 is driven by the magnetic component of the front of the maglev train, the detent rod 141 moves along the height direction, and further, the detent rod 141 is configured to be repelled by the magnetic component; the detent edge 142 is connected to the detent rod 141, and the detent edge 142 is in contact with the second optical fiber 1212. When the maglev train passes the optical waveguide sensor 121, the detent rod 141 is repelled by the magnetic component of the maglev train, and the detent rod 141 acts on the detent edge 142 to force the second optical fiber 1212 to move from the second position to the first position, the evanescent field of light between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 is attenuated, and the optical power coupling between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 stops. When the maglev train leaves the optical waveguide sensor 121, the detent rod 141 acts on the detent edge 142 to force the second optical fiber 1212 to reset and move from the first position to the second position, an evanescent field of light is formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212, and optical power coupling exists between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212, so that the optical signal received by the optical signal receiver 13 changes, and the speed of the maglev train is calculated based on the changes in the optical signals transmitted by the first optical fiber 1211 and / or the second optical fiber 1212 over a period of time.

[0026] For example, in a magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system of an embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned first implementation method will be used for illustration.

[0027] The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system provided in the present application also includes a signal processing module, which is configured to demodulate the position and running speed of the maglev train according to the sequence changes of the two optical signals received by the optical signal receiver.

[0028] As an implementation method, the signal processing module collects the first optical signal sequence and / or the second optical signal sequence within a period of time, and calculates the speed of the maglev train according to the pulse speed of the first optical signal sequence and / or the second optical signal sequence and the size of the magnetic component on the front of the maglev train. When the maglev train has not reached the first optical waveguide sensor 121, the optical signal receiver 13 can only receive the optical signal of the first optical fiber 1211, and the optical signal of the second optical fiber 1212 is zero; when the maglev train passes the first optical waveguide sensor 121, the driving module 14 acts on the second optical fiber 1212, and the second optical fiber 1212 approaches the first optical fiber 1211. An evanescent field of light is formed between the moved second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211, and at least part of the power of the optical signal in the first optical fiber 1211 is coupled to the second optical fiber 1212. The optical signals of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 received by the optical signal receiver 13 are as follows: Figure 4As shown, pulse changes occur, and the optical signal sequence of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 is collected over a period of time. After the transmission loss of the optical signal in the optical fiber is removed, the total optical power (signal) of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 is a constant value. Figure 4 The size of the pulse width T shown is inversely proportional to the speed of the maglev train when it passes the optical waveguide sensor 121. The faster the maglev train passes the optical waveguide sensor 121, the smaller the pulse width T. Combined with the size of the magnetic component installed on the front of the maglev train, the running speed of the maglev train can be calculated.

[0029] According to the above description, the present application provides a maglev train speed measurement and positioning system, by setting a first optical fiber 1211 connected to the light source 11 and a second optical fiber 1212 not connected to the light source, the optical signal receiver 13 receives an optical signal from the first optical fiber 1211, and then sets a driving module 14 configured to be driven by the magnetic component of the maglev train, so that when the maglev train passes through the optical waveguide sensor 121, the driving module 14 drives the second optical fiber 1212 to move, and an optical evanescent field is formed between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211, and part of the optical signal in the first optical fiber 1211 is coupled to the second optical fiber 1212, from The optical signal sensor 13 receives two optical signals from the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212; collects the first optical signal sequence and / or the second optical signal sequence within a period of time, and calculates the running speed of the maglev train according to the optical pulse changes of the first optical fiber 1211 and / or the second optical fiber 1212, combined with the size of the magnetic component set on the front of the maglev train, to achieve speed measurement and positioning of the maglev train. The optical waveguide sensor 121 used in the present application is small in size, does not require an external power supply, is resistant to high temperature and corrosion, is not affected by the strong magnetic field environment at the bottom of the maglev train, has low equipment manufacturing costs, and is suitable for large-scale deployment applications.

[0030] As an implementation manner, the fiber diameters of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 near the driving module 14 are thinner than the fiber diameters of the optical fibers at both ends of the optical fibers.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, the fiber diameters of the middle parts of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 close to the driving module 14 are configured as follows: the fiber diameters H at both ends of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 are greater than 100 microns, and the fiber diameters I of the middle parts of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 are greater than or equal to 5 microns and less than or equal to 20 microns, that is, the middle section of the optical fiber is thinner than the two ends. In this way, the coupling efficiency when the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 are close to each other can be improved.

[0032] Further, as an implementation manner, the middle parts of the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 present an arched structure that is arranged opposite to each other.

[0033] As an implementation method, when the second optical fiber 1212 is in the first position, the distance between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211 is defined as the first distance; when the second optical fiber 1212 is in the second position, the distance between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211 is defined as the second distance.

[0034] Specifically, the second optical fiber 1212 is driven by the driving module 14 to move from the first position to the second position with a stroke greater than or equal to 100 microns and less than or equal to 200 microns. In the process of the second optical fiber 1212 moving from the first position to the second position, an evanescent field of light is gradually formed between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212, and the optical power between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 is coupled, so that the optical signal received by the optical signal receiver 13 changes. Based on the change of the optical signal over a period of time, the speed of the maglev train is calculated.

[0035] Furthermore, as an implementation method, when the second optical fiber 1212 moves to the second position, an evanescent field of light is formed between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211. At this time, the coupling efficiency between the second optical fiber 1212 and the first optical fiber 1211 is greater than 10%, and the optical power exchange between the first optical fiber 1211 and the second optical fiber 1212 is obvious. The optical pulse changes significantly, which is convenient for calculating the speed of the maglev train.

[0036] It will be appreciated that the word "exemplary" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration". Any embodiment described as "exemplary" is not necessarily preferred or superior to other embodiments and / or does not exclude the combination of features of other embodiments. It will be appreciated that certain features of the present application described in the context of separate embodiments for the sake of clarity may also be provided in a single embodiment by combination. Conversely, various features of the present application described in the context of a single embodiment for the sake of clarity may also be provided individually or in any suitable combination or as any other described embodiment of the present application.

[0037] The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, but it is not intended to limit the scope of rights of the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application and the appended claims, changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications should all be equivalent replacement methods and still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system, characterized in that: The system comprises: A light source, for emitting a light signal; An optical waveguide sensor array is arranged along the track and coupled to the light source; an optical signal receiver coupled to the optical waveguide sensor array; The optical waveguide sensor array includes a plurality of optical waveguide sensors, two adjacent optical waveguide sensors are coupled via a transmission optical cable, and the optical waveguide sensors include: a first optical fiber, the first optical fiber is coupled to the light source and transmits a first optical signal to a first optical fiber of a subsequent optical waveguide sensor through a first transmission optical cable; a second optical fiber, transmitting a second optical signal to a second optical fiber of a subsequent optical waveguide sensor through a second transmission optical cable; a driving module, wherein the driving module is configured to be driven by the magnetic component of the maglev train and to drive at least a portion of the second optical fiber to move between a first position and a second position, wherein when the second optical fiber is at the second position, a distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber satisfies: an evanescent field is formed between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber and optical coupling occurs, so that the second optical fiber generates the second optical signal; The system further comprises a signal processing module, which is configured to demodulate the position and running speed of the maglev train according to the sequence changes of the two optical signals received by the optical signal receiver.

2. The magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber diameters of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber close to the driving module are thinner than the fiber diameters of the optical fibers at both ends of the optical fibers.

3. The magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The middle parts of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are arranged close to the driving module, wherein the fiber diameters of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber at both ends are greater than 100 microns, and the fiber diameters of the middle parts of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are greater than or equal to 5 microns and less than or equal to 20 microns.

4. The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the second optical fiber is in the first position, the distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is defined as a first distance; when the second optical fiber is in the second position, the distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is defined as a second distance, and the first distance is greater than the second distance; Furthermore, a distance of the second optical fiber from the first position to the second position is greater than or equal to 100 microns and less than or equal to 200 microns.

5. The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle parts of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are in an oppositely arranged arched structure.

6. The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the second optical fiber is in the second position, the coupling efficiency between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is greater than 10%.

7. The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the second optical fiber is at the second position, a distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber is greater than or equal to 1 micron and less than or equal to 10 microns.

8. The magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detent rod is attracted by the magnetic component of the maglev train, forcing the second optical fiber to move from the first position to the second position; Alternatively, the detent rod is repelled by the magnetic component of the maglev train, forcing the second optical fiber to move from the second position to the first position.

9. The maglev train speed measurement and positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first optical fiber and the first transmission optical cable are integrally formed, or the first optical fiber and the first transmission optical cable are fusion-spliced; The second optical fiber and the second transmission optical cable are integrally formed, or the second optical fiber and the second transmission optical cable are fusion-spliced.

10. A method for measuring speed and positioning of a maglev train, characterized in that: The method uses the magnetic levitation train speed measurement and positioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method comprises: A first optical signal sequence and / or a second optical signal sequence are collected within a period of time, and a speed of the maglev train is calculated according to a pulse width of the first optical signal sequence and / or the second optical signal sequence and a size of a magnetic component of the maglev train.

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