High-entropy alloy material, vibrating wire and vibrating wire strain gauge

Abstract

The invention provides a high-entropy alloy material, a vibrating wire and a vibrating wire strain gauge. Specifically, the invention provides a high-entropy alloy material which comprises Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and M, and M is V, Al, Si or Mn. The invention further provides application of the high-entropy alloy material in a vibrating wire strain gauge. The high-entropy alloy material can have high yield strength, high elastic limit, low thermal expansion coefficient and low Young modulus at the same time. The vibrating wire strain gauge is high in resolution, good in repetition consistency, good in measurement linearity, high in response speed and small in signal drift.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of vibrating wire strain gauges, and specifically, the present invention relates to a high entropy alloy material, a vibrating wire and a vibrating wire strain gauge. Background Art

[0002] Vibrating-wire strain gauges are widely used for structural strain monitoring in engineering fields such as road and bridge construction. This equipment can not only be used to evaluate the bearing capacity and stability of components and determine the stress distribution characteristics of components, but also can be used for early warning of sudden situations such as bridge fracture and deformation, providing a basis for damage and destruction of structures and components, and ensuring the safety of buildings. When the stress of the measured component changes, its own strain will be captured by the vibrating-wire strain gauge. Through the front and rear end seats of the vibrating-wire strain gauge, the stress is transmitted to the internal vibrating wire, thereby changing the basic natural frequency of the vibrating wire. By using an electromagnetic coil to excite the vibrating wire and measure its vibration frequency, and then transmitting the frequency signal to the reading device through a cable, the strain of the measured component can be accurately obtained.

[0003] As one of the most commonly used monitoring tools in the construction industry, vibrating wire strain gauges are required to have high sensitivity, high measurement accuracy, good stability, etc. At the same time, due to the variability of its application environment, requirements are also put forward for the strength, temperature stability, and preparation cost of vibrating wire strain gauges. Therefore, as the core structural component of the strain gauge, the vibrating wire needs to have a high yield strength and elastic limit, while maintaining a low Young's modulus and thermal expansion coefficient.

[0004] The vibrating wire materials currently on the market mainly include stainless steel, nickel-chromium alloy and tungsten-rhenium alloy. However, due to the inherent characteristics of crystalline materials, the Young's modulus of these high-strength alloys is usually high (not less than 200 GPa), which limits the sensitivity improvement of the vibrating wire strain gauge. In addition, the thermal expansion and contraction effect caused by external temperature fluctuations will affect the natural frequency of the vibrating wire, thereby affecting the measurement accuracy.

[0005] In response to the above situation, researchers are committed to exploring ways to improve the accuracy, sensitivity and stability of vibrating-wire strain gauges through algorithm compensation and structural improvement.

[0006] For example, the research team successfully obtained the temperature correction coefficient by calculating temperature stress and simulating elastic constraints, significantly improving the measurement accuracy of the vibrating-wire strain gauge. Through structural design, NARI Group controlled the effective elastic modulus of the strain gauge within the range of 300 to 500 MPa, greatly improving the response sensitivity of the strain gauge.

[0007] In the technical solution disclosed in invention patent CN 116697867A, the measuring unit is directly fixed on the steel string, which effectively amplifies the natural frequency of the steel string and further enhances the sensitivity of the strain gauge.

[0008] Although these improvement measures can greatly improve the performance indicators of strain gauges, they also bring about problems of increased manufacturing costs and increased processing difficulty, which is not conducive to the market promotion of products.

[0009] Therefore, developing a new vibrating-wire strain gauge with low cost, high precision, high sensitivity and good thermal stability is of great value in reducing detection costs and improving the quality of monitoring data. Summary of the invention

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide a high entropy alloy material, which has low cost, excellent mechanical properties and forming ability. More specifically, the high entropy alloy material has high yield strength, low Young's modulus and low thermal expansion coefficient.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide a vibrating-wire strain gauge having high accuracy, high sensitivity and good thermal stability.

[0012] The above-mentioned object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0013] Before describing the present invention, the terms used herein are defined as follows:

[0014] The term "high entropy alloy" refers to an alloy formed by five or more elements, whose structure is chemically disordered or topologically disordered at the atomic scale, that is, the atomic arrangement of the alloy is highly chaotic and in a disordered state.

[0015] The term "electromagnetic induction" means that when a vibrating wire is strained, the conductor arranged on the vibrating wire moves accordingly, the conductor and the fixed magnetic field produce relative motion, and an electromotive force is generated.

[0016] The term "excitation frequency" means that applying external excitation to a vibrating wire in a tensioned state changes its vibration frequency, and the frequency of the excitation signal is the excitation frequency.

[0017] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high entropy alloy material comprising Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and M, wherein:

[0018] The M is V, Al, Si or Mn.

[0019] The inventors of the present application unexpectedly discovered that the high entropy alloy material having the composition of the present invention exhibits significantly superior mechanical properties, and can simultaneously possess high yield strength, high elastic limit, low thermal expansion coefficient and low Young's modulus.

[0020] Preferably, in the high entropy alloy material of the present invention, the high entropy alloy material comprises Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and V, and the atomic ratio of Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and V is:

[0021] Ti:Cr:Cu:Nb:V=(38~50):(20~32):(11~22):(11~16):(>0~5), that is, Ti:Cr:Cu:Nb:V=(38~50):(20~32):(11~22):(11~16):(greater than 0 and less than or equal to 5).

[0022] Preferably, in the high entropy alloy material of the present invention, the high entropy alloy material comprises Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and Al, and the atomic ratio of Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and Al is:

[0023] Ti:Cr:Cu:Nb:Al=(38~50):(20~32):(11~22):(11~16):(>0~5), that is, Ti:Cr:Cu:Nb:Al=(38~50):(20~32):(11~22):(11~16):(greater than 0 and less than or equal to 5).

[0024] Preferably, in the high entropy alloy material of the present invention, the high entropy alloy material comprises Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and Si, and the atomic ratio of Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and Si is:

[0025] Ti:Cr:Cu:Nb:Si=(38~50):(20~32):(11~22):(11~16):(>0~5), that is, Ti:Cr:Cu:Nb:Si=(38~50):(20~32):(11~22):(11~16):(greater than 0 and less than or equal to 5).

[0026] Preferably, in the high entropy alloy material of the present invention, the high entropy alloy material comprises Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and Mn, and the atomic ratio of Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and Mn is:

[0027] Ti:Cr:Cu:Nb:Mn=(38~50):(20~32):(11~22):(11~16):(>0~7), that is, Ti:Cr:Cu:Nb:Mn=(38~50):(20~32):(11~22):(11~16):(greater than 0 and less than or equal to 7).

[0028] In the present invention, the proportion of each element has a significant impact on the performance and forming ability of the high entropy alloy wire. If the V content is too much, not only will the mechanical properties deteriorate, resulting in reduced yield strength and plasticity of the wire, but also Nb-V compounds are prone to precipitate at the grain boundaries, and their pinning effect inhibits the fluidity of the grain boundaries, embrittles the material, and generates surface cracks under the action of external forces.

[0029] If Al is excessive, it will affect the formation of solid solution during heat treatment and have an adverse effect on the subsequent processing and welding sensitivity of the vibrating wire.

[0030] If the Si content is too high, inclusions or component segregation may occur, thereby reducing the toughness of the alloy.

[0031] In addition, excessive Si causes the alloy melting point to increase, increasing the difficulty of preparing high-entropy alloy wire.

[0032] Excessive Mn not only makes the alloy hard and brittle, reducing its toughness and fatigue life, but also increases the internal stress of the high-entropy alloy wire prepared by water spinning, causing thermal cracks in the subsequent welding of the wire.

[0033] The present invention does not specifically limit the preparation method of the high entropy alloy material of the present invention, and the high entropy alloy material can be prepared by conventional methods in the art, such as water spinning or spindle spinning. The cooling rate during the preparation process reaches more than one million degrees per second.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present invention provides use of the high entropy alloy material of the present invention in a vibrating wire strain gauge.

[0035] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a vibrating wire, which is composed of the high entropy alloy material of the present invention.

[0036] The vibrating wire formed of the high entropy alloy wire of the present invention has a diameter of 100 to 200 μm and a length of 160 to 250 mm.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a vibrating wire strain gauge comprising the vibrating wire of the present invention.

[0038] The structure of the high entropy alloy vibrating wire strain gauge of the present invention comprises:

[0039] The end seat, used as a tensioning device for the vibrating wire, is made of low thermal expansion stainless steel;

[0040] High entropy alloy vibrating string;

[0041] Electromagnetic coil, when the vibrating string in a tensioned state produces a changing frequency, the conductor at the upper end of the vibrating string and the electromagnetic coil produce an electromagnetic induction effect, thereby outputting a measurable electrical signal;

[0042] Transmission cable, used for frequency signal transmission between strain gauge and reading device;

[0043] The housing, which encapsulates and protects the internal structure of the strain gage, is made of corrosion-resistant, high-strength stainless steel.

[0044] The use principle of the high entropy alloy vibrating wire strain gauge of the present invention is as follows:

[0045] The vibrating string is tensioned on the front and rear end seats by clamping or welding, and the vibration is completed through a weak excitation circuit. The vibration frequency of the vibrating string is recorded as When the measured component is strained, the end seat of the vibrating wire strain gauge fixed on the measured component will also produce a certain strain, and the stress is transmitted to the internal vibrating wire, thereby changing the basic natural frequency of the vibrating wire. The conductor at the upper end of the vibrating wire and the electromagnetic coil produce an electromagnetic induction effect, and its changing vibration frequency can be measured and recorded as The obtained frequency signal is transmitted to the external reading device through the cable, and the strain ε of the measured component can be calculated by formula (1). Among them, K represents the coefficient of the original calibration of the strain gauge, and its value is the tension of the vibrating wire and ratio.

[0046]

[0047] The performance test steps of the high entropy alloy vibrating wire strain gauge of the present invention are as follows: install the vibrating wire strain gauge on the calibration equipment, pass a weak excitation current, and obtain the initial vibration frequency of the vibrating wire. Apply pressure to the end seat on one side of the strain gauge with a fixed step length until the target range, and then unload the pressure to 0 with the same step length, and repeat the whole process more than 3 times. With reference to the calibration specification (GB / T 13606-2007), the performance parameters of the high entropy alloy vibrating wire strain gauge in this range can be obtained according to the data calculated by the corresponding formula, including resolution, sensitivity, repeatability deviation, linear error and hysteresis. Under no pressure loading, change the ambient temperature of the vibrating wire strain gauge, record and keep the fluctuation of the output vibration frequency of the strain gauge within 1% FS, and then this temperature range is the applicable temperature of the strain gauge.

[0048] The measuring range of the high entropy alloy vibrating wire strain gauge of the present invention has different ranges. Preferably, the measuring range is 1000 to 6000 με.

[0049] The strain gauge of the present invention has a resolution within a required range, and advantageously, the resolution is 0.01% FS to 0.2% FS.

[0050] The sensitivity of the strain gauge of the present invention is within a required range, and advantageously, the sensitivity is not less than 2 Hz / με.

[0051] The strain gauge of the present invention has a required range of repeatability. Advantageously, the repeatability is 0.01% FS to 0.5% FS.

[0052] The linearity error of the strain gauge of the present invention has a required range, and advantageously, the linearity error is 0.01% FS to 2% FS.

[0053] The hysteresis of the strain gauge of the present invention has a required range, and advantageously, the hysteresis is 0.01% FS to 0.5% FS.

[0054] The applicable temperature of the strain gauge of the present invention has different range requirements. Preferably, the temperature range is -20°C to 80°C, and more preferably -20°C to 50°C.

[0055] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0056] 1. The present invention uses high entropy alloy materials to prepare vibrating wires. Through material genetic engineering, high-throughput screening technology, high entropy effect and lattice distortion effect, high entropy alloy components with superior target performance are designed and prepared, successfully solving the problem of the difficulty in reconciling stiffness and sensitivity in traditional strain gauges. Compared with traditional vibrating wires, the high entropy alloy wire of the present invention exhibits significantly superior mechanical properties, and can simultaneously possess high yield strength, high elastic limit, low thermal expansion coefficient and low Young's modulus. Therefore, the vibrating wire strain gauge of the present invention can achieve at least twice the range and sensitivity improvement without the need for optimization treatments such as algorithm compensation and structural compensation. In addition, the vibrating wire strain gauge of the present invention has excellent fatigue life and thermal stability, which effectively improves the measurement stability and accuracy of the strain gauge.

[0057] 2. The high entropy alloy vibrating wire of the present invention has significantly excellent thermoplastic forming ability. The high entropy alloy wire prepared by the water spinning method and the spindle method has small residual stress, high roundness and excellent surface finish. This preparation technology not only improves the processing accuracy of the vibrating wire and ensures the consistency of the product, but is also suitable for mass production, significantly reducing the preparation cost and production cycle.

[0058] 3. The present invention can significantly improve the performance of the strain gauge by optimizing the technical solution of the vibrating wire material without complicating the structural design. The vibrating wire strain gauge of the present invention has high resolution, good repeatability, good measurement linearity, fast response speed, and small signal drift. In addition, the present invention has universal applicability and can be combined with other technologies to further enhance the overall performance of the vibrating wire strain gauge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0060] Figure 1 shows the stress-strain curve of the high entropy alloy wire of Example 1;

[0061] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a high entropy alloy vibrating wire strain gauge according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0062] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the appearance of a high entropy alloy vibrating wire strain gauge according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Description of reference numerals:

[0064] 1-end seat; 2-high entropy alloy vibrating string; 3-housing; 4-transmission cable; 5-excitation circuit; 6-conductor; 7-electromagnetic coil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The given examples are only for illustrating the present invention, but not for limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0066] This section generally describes the materials and test methods used in the experiments of the present invention. Although many materials and operating methods used to achieve the purpose of the present invention are well known in the art, the present invention is still described as detailed as possible. It is clear to those skilled in the art that in the context, if not specifically stated, the materials and operating methods used in the present invention are well known in the art.

[0067] Figure 1 The quasi-static tensile stress-strain diagram of the high entropy alloy wire of Example 1 is shown; wherein the diameter of the high entropy alloy wire is 100 μm, and the strain rate is 0.002 s -1 As shown in the figure, the yield strength of the high entropy alloy wire of Example 1 is as high as 3000 MPa, and the Young's modulus can be as low as 112.5 GPa.

[0068] Figure 2 and Figure 3 The structure and appearance schematic diagram of the high entropy alloy vibrating wire strain gauge are shown respectively. As shown in the figure, the characteristic structure of the strain gauge mainly includes an end seat 1, a high entropy alloy vibrating wire 2, a housing 3, a transmission cable 4, an excitation circuit 5, a conductor 6, and an electromagnetic coil 7. Among them, the high entropy alloy vibrating wire 2 is tensioned on the front and rear end seats 1 by clamping or welding, and the excitation is completed through the weak excitation circuit 5. When the measured component generates strain, the end seat 1 of the vibrating wire strain gauge fixed on the measured component generates a certain strain, which is converted into the deformation of the internal high entropy alloy vibrating wire 2, thereby changing the basic natural frequency of the vibrating wire 2. The conductor 6 on the vibrating wire 2 moves relative to the electromagnetic coil 7, and the changing vibration frequency of the strain gauge is measured. The obtained frequency signal is transmitted to the external reading device through the transmission cable 4, and the strain of the measured component can be obtained by calculation.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] In this example, titanium-chromium-copper-niobium-vanadium high entropy alloy wires were prepared by water spinning for use in preparing high entropy alloy vibrating strings.

[0071] The characteristics of the preparation process of titanium-chromium-copper-niobium-vanadium high entropy alloy wire are as follows: the specific components Ti of the titanium-chromium-copper-niobium-vanadium high entropy alloy system are selected 42 Cr 23 Cu 18 Nb14 V3 high entropy alloy, this component has high yield strength, low Young's modulus and good processing performance. The atomic ratio of the alloying elements is converted into a mass ratio, and the accurately weighed raw materials of the alloying elements are treated to remove the surface oxide layer and then placed in a vacuum arc furnace crucible. Furthermore, the vacuum arc furnace cavity is evacuated to a vacuum of not less than 3×10 -3 The alloy ingot is placed in a quartz tube with a lower opening diameter of 0.5 mm and fixed in a high vacuum single-roller quenching and spray-casting equipment. The distance between the quartz tube nozzle and the copper rod is 13 cm. The alloy ingot is heated by induction to molten metal liquid, and the temperature is not less than 1890°C. 1.5 MPa of argon gas is filled to control the injection pressure of the molten metal to ensure the diameter and surface quality of the high entropy alloy wire finally formed. The molten metal is sprayed through the nozzle in the form of a thin stream onto the high-speed rotating copper wheel, and the injection speed is controlled at 10 m / s. Under the action of water cooling (>10 6 K / s), the surface of the molten alloy is rapidly cooled and drawn into a long and thin wire by the liquid metal flowing inside, and finally gradually stabilizes to form a high-entropy alloy wire with a diameter of 100 μm.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, the mechanical properties of the material were evaluated by quasi-static tensile test. 42 Cr 23 Cu 18 Nb 14 The yield strength of V3 high entropy alloy is ~3000 MPa, Young's modulus is ~112.5 GPa, and Poisson's ratio is ~0.3.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] In this example, titanium-chromium-copper-niobium-vanadium high entropy alloy wire is prepared by water spinning, and the wire is used to prepare a high entropy alloy vibrating wire. The high entropy alloy material is composed of the following elements in atomic proportions: Ti 47.85%, Cr 21.53%, Cu 15.75%, Nb12.47% and V 2.4%.

[0075] The preparation and characterization steps of the high entropy alloy wire in this embodiment refer to Example 1, wherein the induction heating temperature is not less than 1722° C., and the diameter of the prepared high entropy alloy wire is 135 μm.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] In this example, titanium-chromium-copper-niobium-aluminum high entropy alloy wire is prepared by water spinning, and the wire is used to prepare a high entropy alloy vibrating wire. The high entropy alloy material is composed of the following elements in atomic proportions: Ti 43.65%, Cr 21%, Cu 15.86%, Nb 15.75% and Al 3.74%.

[0078] The preparation and characterization steps of the high entropy alloy wire in this embodiment refer to Example 1, wherein the induction heating temperature is not less than 1732° C., and the diameter of the prepared high entropy wire is 120 μm.

[0079] Example 4

[0080] In this example, titanium-chromium-copper-niobium-aluminum high entropy alloy wire is prepared by water spinning, and the wire is used to prepare a high entropy alloy vibrating wire. The high entropy alloy material is composed of the following elements in atomic proportions: Ti 48.3%, Cr 24.6%, Cu 11.7%, Nb 11.05% and Al 4.35%.

[0081] The preparation and characterization steps of the high entropy alloy wire in this embodiment refer to Example 1, wherein the induction heating temperature is not less than 1695° C., and the diameter of the prepared high entropy alloy wire is 127 μm.

[0082] Example 5

[0083] In this example, titanium-chromium-copper-niobium-silicon high entropy alloy wire is prepared by water spinning, and the wire is used to prepare a high entropy alloy vibrating wire. The high entropy alloy material is composed of the following elements in atomic proportions: Ti 44%, Cr 22%, Cu 15%, Nb 14% and Si 5%.

[0084] The preparation and characterization steps of the high entropy alloy wire in this embodiment refer to Example 1, wherein the induction heating temperature is not less than 1731° C., and the diameter of the prepared high entropy alloy wire is 135 μm.

[0085] Example 6

[0086] In this example, titanium-chromium-copper-niobium-silicon high entropy alloy wire is prepared by water spinning, and the wire is used to prepare a high entropy alloy vibrating wire. The high entropy alloy material is composed of the following elements in atomic proportions: Ti 47%, Cr 25%, Cu 14%, Nb 11.7% and Si2.3%.

[0087] The preparation and characterization steps of the high entropy alloy wire in this embodiment refer to Example 1, wherein the induction heating temperature is not less than 1727° C., and the diameter of the prepared high entropy alloy wire is 127 μm.

[0088] Example 7

[0089] In this example, titanium-chromium-copper-niobium-manganese high entropy alloy wire is prepared by water spinning, and the wire is used to prepare a high entropy alloy vibrating wire. The high entropy alloy material is composed of the following elements in atomic proportions: Ti 38%, Cr 25%, Cu 17%, Nb 13% and Mn 7%.

[0090] The preparation and characterization steps of the high entropy alloy wire in this embodiment refer to Example 1, wherein the induction heating temperature is not less than 1710° C., and the diameter of the prepared high entropy alloy wire is 105 μm.

[0091] Example 8

[0092] In this example, titanium-chromium-copper-niobium-manganese high entropy alloy wire is prepared by water spinning, and the wire is used to prepare a high entropy alloy vibrating wire. The high entropy alloy material is composed of the following elements in atomic proportions: Ti 47%, Cr 22%, Cu 15%, Nb 13% and Mn 3%.

[0093] The preparation and characterization steps of the high entropy alloy wire in this embodiment refer to Example 1, wherein the induction heating temperature is not less than 1734° C., and the diameter of the prepared high entropy alloy wire is 121 μm.

[0094] Example 9

[0095] In this example, a titanium-chromium-copper-niobium-vanadium high entropy alloy wire is used as a vibrating wire to prepare the vibrating wire strain gauge of this embodiment.

[0096] Figure 2 and Figure 3 The structure and appearance of the titanium-chromium-copper-niobium-vanadium high entropy alloy vibrating wire strain gauge of this embodiment are shown respectively. Among them, the high entropy alloy vibrating wire 2 selects the composition of embodiment 1. The Ti of this embodiment 42 Cr 23 Cu 18 Nb 14 The diameter of the V3 high entropy alloy wire is 100 μm, the length is 210 mm, the tensile yield strength is ~3000 MPa, the Young's modulus is ~112.5 GPa, and the Poisson's ratio is ~0.3.

[0097] The high entropy alloy vibrating string 2 is tensioned on the front and rear end seats 1 by clamping, and the excitation is completed through the weak excitation circuit 5. When the measured component generates strain, the vibrating string strain gauge end seat 1 fixed on the measured component generates a certain strain, which is converted into the deformation of the internal high entropy alloy vibrating string 2, thereby changing the basic natural frequency of the vibrating string 2. The conductor 6 on the vibrating string 2 moves relative to the electromagnetic coil 7, and the changing vibration frequency of the strain gauge is measured. The obtained frequency signal is transmitted to the external display instrument through the transmission cable 4, and the strain of the measured component can be obtained by calculation.

[0098] The vibrating wire strain gauge is mounted on the calibration equipment, and a weak excitation current is passed to obtain the initial vibration frequency of the vibrating wire. With a fixed step length, pressure is applied to the end seat on one side of the strain gauge until the target range is 3600 με, and then the pressure is loaded and unloaded to 0 with the same step length. The whole process is repeated for more than 3 times to obtain data, as shown in Table 2. Referring to the calibration specification (GB / T 13606-2007), according to the corresponding formula, it can be obtained that the high entropy alloy vibrating wire strain gauge of this embodiment has a resolution of 0.01% FS, a sensitivity of 3.1 Hz / με, a repeatability deviation of 0.1% FS, a linear error of 0.1% FS, and a hysteresis of 0.3% FS at a range of 3600 με.

[0099] Under no pressure loading, the vibrating wire strain gauge is heated to 80℃ and stored for 12 hours, and then cooled and stored in an environmental box at -20℃ for 12 hours. During the whole process, the fluctuation of the strain gauge output frequency is kept within 0.01% FS, so the applicable temperature range of the strain gauge is -20℃-80℃.

[0100] Therefore, the high entropy alloy vibrating wire strain gauge in this example can provide high-response, high-precision, and stable strain measurement within a high range due to its excellent resolution, sensitivity, linearity, repeatability, and hysteresis, which is significantly superior to similar vibrating wire strain gauges currently available on the market.

[0101] Comparative Example 1

[0102] Commercial vibrating wire materials are usually made of NP010 steel wire, which is prepared by a stretching method. In this comparative example, NP010 steel wire is used as a vibrating wire to prepare a vibrating wire strain gauge, and the performance is compared with the vibrating wire strain gauge of the present invention. Among them, the tensile yield strength of NP010 steel wire is 2100 MPa, the Young's modulus is 220 GPa, the diameter is 200 μm, and the length is 200 mm.

[0103] The commercial vibrating wire strain gauge was installed on the calibration equipment, and the performance test was carried out according to the same steps as in Example 9. According to calculation, the string strain gauge of the comparative example has a resolution of 0.5% FS, a sensitivity of 1.74 Hz / με, a repeatability deviation of 0.2% FS, a linear error of 1.0% FS, and a hysteresis of 0.5% FS at a range of 1000 με. Its range, accuracy, and sensitivity are far lower than those of the high entropy alloy vibrating wire strain gauge of the present invention.

[0104] Comparative Example 2

[0105] This comparative example shows an alloy wire prepared by a water spinning method, which is used to prepare an alloy vibrating wire. The alloy material is composed of the following elements in atomic percentages: Ti 41%, Cr 20%, Cu 16%, Nb 14% and V 9%.

[0106] The preparation and characterization steps of the alloy wire in this comparative example refer to Example 1. The induction heating temperature is not less than 1722° C., and the diameter of the prepared alloy wire is 75 μm.

[0107] Ti of this comparative example 41 Cr 20 Cu 16 Nb 14 The yield strength of V9 alloy is 1200 MPa and Young's modulus is 240 GPa.

[0108] Comparative Example 3

[0109] This comparative example shows an alloy wire prepared by a water spinning method, which is used to prepare an alloy vibrating wire. The alloy material is composed of the following elements in atomic percentages: Ti 38%, Cr 20%, Cu 17%, Nb 14% and Al 11%.

[0110] The preparation and characterization steps of the alloy wire in this comparative example refer to Example 1. The induction heating temperature is not less than 1732° C., and the diameter of the prepared alloy wire is 84 μm.

[0111] Ti of this comparative example 38 Cr 20 Cu 17 Nb 14 Al 11 The yield strength of the alloy is 1050 MPa and Young's modulus is 210 GPa.

[0112] Comparative Example 4

[0113] This comparative example shows an alloy wire prepared by a water spinning method, which is used to prepare an alloy vibrating wire. The alloy material is composed of the following elements in atomic percentages: Ti 38%, Cr 20%, Cu 17%, Nb 15% and Si 10%.

[0114] The preparation and characterization steps of the alloy wire in this comparative example refer to Example 1. The induction heating temperature is not less than 1730° C., and the diameter of the prepared alloy wire is 82 μm.

[0115] Ti of this comparative example 38 Cr 20 Cu 17 Nb 15 Si 10 The alloy has a yield strength of 1260 MPa and a Young's modulus of 315 GPa.

[0116] Comparative Example 5

[0117] This comparative example shows an alloy wire prepared by water spinning, which is used to prepare an alloy vibrating wire. The alloy material is composed of the following elements in atomic percentages: Ti 42%, Cr 22%, Cu 11%, Nb 11% and Mn 14%.

[0118] The preparation and characterization steps of the alloy wire in this comparative example refer to Example 1. The induction heating temperature is not less than 1751° C., and the diameter of the prepared alloy wire is 68 μm.

[0119] Ti of this comparative example 42 Cr 22 Cu 11 Nb 11 Mn 14 The alloy has a yield strength of 1280 MPa and a Young's modulus of 320 GPa.

[0120] Comparative Example 6

[0121] This comparative example shows an alloy wire prepared by water spinning, which is used to prepare an alloy vibrating wire. The alloy material is composed of the following elements in atomic proportions: Ti 46%, Cr 28%, Cu 15%, and Nb 11%.

[0122] The preparation and characterization steps of the alloy wire in this comparative example refer to Example 1. The induction heating temperature is not less than 1840° C., and the diameter of the prepared alloy wire is 59 μm.

[0123] Ti of this comparative example 46 Cr 28 Cu 15 Nb 11 The alloy has a yield strength of 970 MPa and a Young's modulus of 204 GPa.

[0124] Table 1 shows the material properties and sensitivity properties of the high entropy alloy vibrating wires of Examples 1 to 8 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1 to 6.

[0125] Material Tensile yield strength (MPa) Young's modulus(GPa) Sensitivity (Hz / με) <![CDATA[Ti 42 Cr 23 Cu 18 Nb 14 V3 (Example 1)]]> 3000 112.5 3.1 <![CDATA[Ti 47.85 Cr 21.53 Cu 15.75 Nb 12.47 V 2.4 (Example 2)]]> 2970 108 3.57 <![CDATA[Ti 43.65 Cr 21 Cu 15.86 Nb 15.75 Al 3.74 (Example 3)]]> 2960 98 3.91 <![CDATA[Ti 48.3 Cr 24.6 Cu 11.7 Nb 11.05 Al 4.35 (Example 4)]]> 2920 95 4.12 <![CDATA[Ti 44 Cr 22 Cu 15 Nb 14 Si5 (Example 5)]]> 3150 110 3.48 <![CDATA[Ti 47 Cr 25 Cu 14 Nb 11.7 Si 2.3 (Example 6)]]> 3100 117 3.27 <![CDATA[Ti 38 Cr 25 Cu 17 Nb 13 Mn7 (Example 7)]]> 3400 124 3.08 <![CDATA[Ti 47 Cr 22 Cu 15 Nb 13 Mn3 (Example 8)]]> 3360 120 3.19 NP010 steel (Comparative Example 1) 2100 220 1.74 <![CDATA[Ti 41 Cr 20 Cu 16 Nb 14 V9 (Comparative Example 2)]]> 1200 240 1.60 <![CDATA[Ti 38 Cr 20 Cu 17 Nb 14 Al 11 (Comparative Example 3)]]> 1050 210 1.82 <![CDATA[Ti 38 Cr 20 Cu 17 Nb 15 Si 10 (Comparative Example 4)]]> 1260 315 1.22 <![CDATA[Ti 42 Cr 22 Cu 11 Nb 11 Mn 14 (Comparative Example 5)]]> 1280 320 1.19 <![CDATA[Ti 46 Cr 28 Cu 15 Nb 11 (Comparative Example 6)]]> 970 204 1.89

[0126] Table 2 shows the calibration test data of the high entropy alloy vibrating wire of Example 9 of the present invention.

[0127] Standard value (με) Process frequency (Hz) Return frequency (Hz) Process frequency (Hz) Return frequency (Hz) Process frequency (Hz) Return frequency (Hz) 0 1922.3 1922.1 1922.8 1922.2 1922.1 1922.3 600 1866.7 1866.5 1866.1 1866.3 1866.6 1866.4 1200 1810.7 1810.4 1810.3 1810.1 1810.4 1810.2 1800 1752.9 1752.6 1752.7 1752.4 1752.1 1752.2 2400 1693.1 1693.1 1693.0 1693.3 1693.6 1693.2 3000 1630.9 1631.1 1630.7 1630.4 1630.9 1631.2 3600 1566.5 1566.3 1566.7 1566.2 1566.4 1567.0

Claims

1. A high entropy alloy material comprising Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and M, wherein: The M is V, Al, Si or Mn.

2. The high entropy alloy material according to claim 1, wherein: The high entropy alloy material comprises Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and V, and the atomic ratio of Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and V is: Ti:Cr:Cu:Nb:V=(38~50):(20~32):(11~22):(11~16):(>0~5).

3. The high entropy alloy material according to claim 1, wherein: The high entropy alloy material comprises Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and Al, and the atomic ratio of Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and Al is: Ti:Cr:Cu:Nb:Al=(38~50):(20~32):(11~22):(11~16):(>0~5).

4. The high entropy alloy material according to claim 1, wherein: The high entropy alloy material comprises Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and Si, and the atomic ratio of Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and Si is: Ti:Cr:Cu:Nb:Si=(38~50):(20~32):(11~22):(11~16):(>0~5).

5. The high entropy alloy material according to claim 1, wherein: The high entropy alloy material comprises Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and Mn, and the atomic ratio of Ti, Cr, Cu, Nb and Mn is: Ti:Cr:Cu:Nb:Mn=(38~50):(20~32):(11~22):(11~16):(>0~7).

6. Use of the high entropy alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in a vibrating wire strain gauge.

7. A vibrating wire, which is composed of the high entropy alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A vibrating wire strain gauge comprising the vibrating wire according to claim 7.

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