A method and system for preventing and controlling blockage of desorption electrowinning system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and system for preventing and controlling the blockage of a desorption electrolysis system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) pretreatment of gold-loaded carbon before desorption electrolysis; (2) removal of calcium compounds by desorption electrolysis; (3) acid washing and regeneration of the gold-removed carbon after desorption electrolysis. The system comprises a desorption electrolysis system, wherein a pretreatment system is arranged at the front end of the desorption electrolysis system, and an acid washing system is connected to the rear end; an ultrasonic probe 1 is arranged in the carbon storage tank of the pretreatment system and the acid washing tank of the acid washing system, and an ultrasonic probe 2 is arranged in the desorption column of the desorption electrolysis system. The present invention can effectively clean the gold-loaded carbon in the three stages before desorption, during desorption, and after desorption by optimizing three-stage ultrasonic waves and desorption agents, fully remove impurities doped in the gold-loaded carbon, and mud and calcium compounds adsorbed on the surface and in the pores, solve the problem of blockage of the desorption electrolysis system, thereby reducing the frequency of equipment replacement of the desorption electrolysis system and improving the desorption effect and efficiency of gold and silver.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and in particular relates to a method and a system for preventing and controlling the blockage of a desorption electrowinning system. Background Art

[0002] Before the whole mud cyanide leaching, the raw ore that has been crushed and finely ground often carries wood chips, blasting skin, plastic fragments and other debris, which are easy to block pipes and screens, especially wood chips can absorb gold. Therefore, they must be removed before cyanide leaching. Generally, the debris removal is through two-stage closed-circuit grinding and classification overflow. The debris removal generally uses medium-frequency linear vibrating screens, spiral screens or cylindrical screens. However, after treatment, some wood chips, blasting skin, plastic fragments and other debris will still flow to the cyanide carbon slurry system, and finally be lifted to the desorption electrolysis workshop through the carbon extraction vibrating screen in the cyanide section. Under the high temperature and high pressure desorption electrolysis working conditions, wood chips, blasting skin, plastic fragments and other debris are easy to form molten agglomerates, causing the desorption electrolysis system pipelines and screens to be blocked (such as the desorption column inlet pipe, outlet pipe, sewage pipe screen, filter element screen, etc.), which must be frequently replaced, not only increasing the workload, but also affecting the effect and efficiency of desorption electrolysis.

[0003] Especially with the continuous development of ore resources, medium-deep and difficult-to-treat mixed oxygen-sulfur ores and laterite ores have gradually become the main ore resources. This type of difficult-to-treat gold resource is accompanied by silver, iron, copper, lead, zinc, calcium, sulfur and other elements, as well as heavy mud content. In the process of gold extraction by cyanide carbon slurry, impurity elements will react with cyanide to form related cyanide complexes, which will be adsorbed on activated carbon, thereby generating complex and difficult-to-treat gold-loaded carbon with high impurity element content and heavy mud content. In order to fully recover this type of gold resource, the amount of lime is often increased during ball milling and cyanide leaching, which also leads to an increase in calcium in the entire system process. Some calcium ions will be adsorbed in the activated carbon in the form of calcium sulfate, calcium sulfite, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, etc.

[0004] When this gold-loaded carbon enters the desorption electrolysis system, it is bound to aggravate the blockage symptoms. In addition to the blockage caused by wood chips, plastic fragments, gun guide skins, sludge and other debris, different forms of calcium compounds will also form dense calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite scale (xCaSO3·yCaSO4·2H2O) during the high-temperature and high-pressure desorption electrolysis process, which will adhere to the inner wall, screen, and inner wall of the pipe of the desorption electrolysis system equipment, resulting in a lower flow rate and higher pressure in the entire desorption electrolysis system, affecting the desorption electrolysis effect and reducing the gold and silver desorption electrolysis rate. According to statistics, under such working conditions, the desorption column outlet pipe screen must be replaced once for desorption 2 to 3 columns, the desorption column inlet pipe screen, drain pipe and filter element screen must be replaced once for desorption 5 to 6 columns, and the desorption electrolysis pipeline must be replaced and cleaned once for desorption 15 to 20 columns, which greatly increases the workload and seriously affects the desorption electrolysis operation efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method and system for preventing and controlling the blockage of a desorption electrolysis system, which performs blockage prevention and control in the three stages before, during and after the desorption electrolysis, thereby improving the effect and efficiency of the desorption electrolysis.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling blockage of a desorption electrowinning system, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Pretreatment of gold-loaded carbon before desorption and electrowinning: The gold-loaded carbon from the cyanide carbon slurry operation is transported to the pretreatment system, rinsed by the combined action of ultrasound and airflow, and cleaned and screened by a vibrating screen to remove impurities doped in the gold-loaded carbon and mud on the surface and in the pores;

[0008] (2) Desorption and electrolysis to remove calcium compounds: The pretreated gold-loaded carbon is transported to the desorption column of the desorption and electrolysis system, and air is blown into the desorption column to dry the moisture on the surface of the gold-loaded carbon. After the moisture is blown dry, a high-temperature heated desorption liquid of "sodium hydroxide + sodium cyanide + sodium tripolyphosphate + sodium carbonate" is added to the desorption column for desorption. During the desorption process, the ultrasonic probe set in the desorption column is started. Under the mechanical action of high temperature, high pressure and ultrasonic waves, the metal ions, impurities and calcium compounds adsorbed on the gold-loaded carbon are accelerated to desorb. At the same time, the desorption liquid reacts with the calcium compound to modify it to form a soluble calcium phosphate complex Na[Na2Ca(P3O 10 )], to prevent calcium compounds from forming dense calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite scales that adhere to the desorption electrowinning system equipment;

[0009] The reaction process and equation are as follows:

[0010] 1) Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) reacts with calcium sulfate (CaSO4) and calcium sulfite (CaSO3) to form calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation; 2) Sodium tripolyphosphate (Na5P3O 10 ) and calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) reaction to form a soluble calcium phosphate complex Na[Na2Ca(P3O 10 )]; the initial reaction product is mainly Ca3(PO4)2 precipitation, and with the increase of sodium tripolyphosphate dosage, CaNa2P2O7 gradually appears, and the final reaction product is a soluble calcium phosphate complex Na[Na2Ca(P3O 10 )], this reaction can reduce the hardness of the solution, purify and soften the water quality of the liquid; the reaction equation is as follows:

[0011] Na2CO3+CaSO4=CaCO3↓+Na2SO4

[0012] Na2CO3+CaSO3=CaCO3↓+Na2SO3

[0013] Na5P3O 10 + CaCO3=Na[Na2Ca(P3O 10 )]+Na2CO3

[0014] (3) Regeneration of gold-removed carbon by pickling after desorption and electrolysis: The gold-removed carbon after desorption and electrolysis is transported to the pickling system. The corrosion-resistant ultrasonic probe installed in the pickling tank and the air flow introduced are used to make the gold-removed carbon fully tumble in the pickling tank and fully contact with the acid solution. At the same time, the residual calcium in the pores of the gold-removed carbon is further removed under the action of ultrasonic cavitation, so that the gold-removed carbon is fully regenerated by pickling.

[0015] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a system for preventing and controlling the blockage of a desorption electrolysis system used in the above-mentioned method, comprising a desorption electrolysis system, wherein a pretreatment system is provided at the front end of the desorption electrolysis system, and a pickling system is connected to the rear end; the pretreatment system comprises a carbon storage tank, a carbon inlet pipe is provided at the top of the carbon storage tank, an overflow pipe is connected to one side of the top of the carbon storage tank, a filter residue tank is provided at the outlet end of the overflow pipe, the bottom of the carbon storage tank is connected to a vibrating screen through a conveying pipe, the outlet above the vibrating screen is connected to a carbon hopper with a screen, and the carbon hopper with a screen is connected to a carbon storage tank through a conveying pipe; the bottom of the carbon storage tank is connected to a desorption column feed port through a conveying pipe and a conveying pump; the bottom of the desorption column is connected to a pickling tank feed port through a conveying pipe and a conveying pump; an ultrasonic probe 1 is provided in both the carbon storage tank and the pickling tank, and an ultrasonic probe 2 is provided in the desorption column.

[0016] Furthermore, the second ultrasonic probe includes a shell and a primary horn and a secondary horn connected thereto in sequence, and an ultrasonic tool head is connected below the secondary horn.

[0017] Furthermore, the ultrasonic probe 1 includes an outer shell and a primary amplitude transformer and a secondary amplitude transformer connected thereto in sequence, an ultrasonic tool head is connected below the secondary amplitude transformer, an amplitude transformer outer shell is sleeved on the outside of the ultrasonic tool head, the top of the amplitude transformer outer shell is connected to the secondary amplitude transformer, a plurality of air inlets are provided on the side wall of the secondary amplitude transformer, the air inlets lead from the side wall of the secondary amplitude transformer to the inner cavity of the amplitude transformer outer shell, the air inlets are connected to an air inlet pipe, and a plurality of air outlet holes are provided on the circumferential wall of the amplitude transformer outer shell.

[0018] Furthermore, the filter residue tank is funnel-shaped, and a screen is arranged on the upper part of the funnel.

[0019] Furthermore, a sewage pipe is provided at the lower side of the carbon storage tank and the carbon storage tank, and a screen is provided at the flower pipe of the sewage pipe, and a valve is provided on the pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, valves are provided on the conveying pipes connected to the carbon storage tank, the carbon hopper with a screen and the bottom of the carbon storage tank.

[0021] Furthermore, the primary horn and the secondary horn are connected via a flange.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention can effectively clean the gold-loaded carbon in the three stages before, during and after desorption by optimizing three-stage ultrasonic waves and desorption reagents, fully remove the impurities doped in the gold-loaded carbon and the mud and calcium compounds adsorbed on the surface and in the pores, and solve the problem of blockage of the desorption electrolysis system well, which not only reduces the replacement frequency of the desorption electrolysis system equipment and reduces the labor, but also greatly improves the desorption effect and efficiency of gold and silver. In addition, the pickling regeneration capacity of the gold-removed carbon is also improved, which has good economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for preventing and controlling blockage of a desorption electrowinning system in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a device association diagram for preventing and controlling the blockage of a desorption electrowinning system in Example 2; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of ultrasonic probe 2; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of ultrasonic probe 1; In the figure: 1-pretreatment system, 11-carbon storage tank, 12-carbon inlet pipe, 13-overflow pipe, 14-filter residue tank, 15-vibrating screen, 16-carbon bucket with screen, 17-carbon storage tank; 2-desorption and electrolysis system, 21-desorption column, 22-liquid distribution tank, 23-circulation pump, 24-electric heater, 25-filter, 26-electrolytic tank 26; 3-pickling system, 31-pickling tank, 32-acid distribution tank; 4-ultrasonic probe one, 41-housing, 42-first-stage amplitude transformer, 43-air inlet, 44-second-stage amplitude transformer, 45-ultrasonic tool head, 46-amplitude transformer housing, 47-air outlet; 5-air inlet pipe; 6-ultrasonic probe two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the technical problems and technical solutions solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for preventing and controlling blockage of a desorption electrolysis system, comprising the following steps:

[0031] (1) Pretreatment of gold-loaded carbon before desorption and electrowinning: The gold-loaded carbon from the cyanide carbon slurry operation is transported to the pretreatment system, rinsed by the combined action of ultrasound and airflow, and cleaned and screened by a vibrating screen to remove impurities doped in the gold-loaded carbon and mud on the surface and in the pores;

[0032] (2) Desorption and electrolysis to remove calcium compounds: The pretreated gold-loaded carbon is transported to the desorption column of the desorption and electrolysis system, and air is blown into the desorption column to dry the moisture on the surface of the gold-loaded carbon. After the moisture is blown dry, a high-temperature heated desorption liquid of "sodium hydroxide + sodium cyanide + sodium tripolyphosphate + sodium carbonate" is added to the desorption column for desorption. During the desorption process, the ultrasonic probe set in the desorption column is started. Under the mechanical action of high temperature, high pressure and ultrasonic waves, the metal ions, impurities and calcium compounds adsorbed on the gold-loaded carbon are accelerated to desorb. At the same time, the desorption liquid reacts with the calcium compound to modify it to form a soluble calcium phosphate complex Na[Na2Ca(P3O 10 )], to prevent calcium compounds from forming dense calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite scales that adhere to the desorption electrowinning system equipment;

[0033] The reaction process and equation are as follows:

[0034] 1) Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) reacts with calcium sulfate (CaSO4) and calcium sulfite (CaSO3) to form calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation; 2) Sodium tripolyphosphate (Na5P3O 10 ) and calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) reaction to form a soluble calcium phosphate complex Na[Na2Ca(P3O 10 )]; the initial reaction product is mainly Ca3(PO4)2 precipitation, and with the increase of sodium tripolyphosphate dosage, CaNa2P2O7 gradually appears, and the final reaction product is a soluble calcium phosphate complex Na[Na2Ca(P3O 10 )], this reaction can reduce the hardness of the solution, purify and soften the water quality of the liquid; the reaction equation is as follows:

[0035] Na2CO3+CaSO4=CaCO3↓+Na2SO4

[0036] Na2CO3+CaSO3=CaCO3↓+Na2SO3

[0037] Na5P3O 10 + CaCO3=Na[Na2Ca(P3O 10 )]+Na2CO3

[0038] In this process, the original "sodium hydroxide + sodium cyanide" or "sodium hydroxide + sodium cyanide + sodium carbonate" desorption solution is optimized to "sodium hydroxide + sodium cyanide + sodium tripolyphosphate + sodium carbonate". When the "sodium hydroxide + sodium cyanide" desorption solution is used, there is no sodium carbonate, and the calcium ions adsorbed on the carbon will form dense calcium sulfate that adheres to the screen or the inner wall of the pipe, causing blockage; after adding sodium carbonate, the calcium sulfate will be modified to form a calcium carbonate precipitate. Although the calcium carbonate precipitate does not form a dense calcium sulfate scale like calcium sulfate, it will also form a relatively loose calcium carbonate precipitate that adheres to the screen or the inner wall of the pipe, which will also cause certain blockages. After the present invention optimizes the desorption solution to "sodium hydroxide + sodium cyanide + sodium tripolyphosphate + sodium carbonate", sodium tripolyphosphate, as a highly efficient dispersant, completely modifies calcium sulfate into a soluble calcium phosphate complex Na[Na2Ca(P3O 10 )], fundamentally solving the problem of blockage.

[0039] (3) Regeneration of gold-removed carbon by pickling after desorption and electrolysis: The gold-removed carbon after desorption and electrolysis is transported to the pickling system. Through the corrosion-resistant ultrasonic probe installed in the pickling tank and the air flow introduced, the gold-removed carbon is fully tumbled in the pickling tank under the action of ultrasonic machinery and fully contacts with the acid solution. At the same time, the residual calcium in the pores of the gold-removed carbon is further removed under the action of ultrasonic cavitation, so that the gold-removed carbon is fully regenerated by pickling.

[0040] It should be noted that the above steps only describe the removal steps of impurities and calcium compounds adsorbed on the surface and pores of gold-loaded carbon before, during and after desorption, while the specific processes of desorption electrodeposition and acid washing belong to the prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a system for preventing and controlling the blockage of a desorption electrolysis system, including a desorption electrolysis system 2, wherein a gold-loaded carbon pretreatment system 1 is arranged at the front end of the desorption electrolysis system 2, and a pickling system 3 is connected to the rear end.

[0043] The pretreatment system 1 includes a carbon storage tank 11, a carbon inlet pipe 12 is arranged on the top of the carbon storage tank 11, an overflow pipe 13 is connected to one side of the top of the carbon storage tank 11, a filter residue tank 14 is arranged at the outlet end of the overflow pipe 13, the filter residue tank 14 is funnel-shaped, and a screen is arranged on the upper part of the funnel, the bottom of the carbon storage tank 11 is connected to the vibrating screen 15 through a conveying pipe, the upper screen outlet of the vibrating screen 15 is connected to the carbon hopper 16 with a screen, the carbon hopper 16 with a screen is connected to the carbon storage tank 17 through a conveying pipe, valves are arranged on the conveying pipes connecting the carbon storage tank 11, the carbon hopper 16 with a screen and the bottom of the carbon storage tank 17, sewage pipes are arranged at the lower sides of the carbon storage tank 11 and the carbon storage tank 17, and a screen is arranged at the flower pipe of the sewage pipe, and a valve is arranged on the pipe.

[0044] The desorption electrolysis system 2 includes a desorption column 21 and other existing desorption electrolysis equipment, such as a liquid preparation tank 22, a circulation pump 23, an electric heater 24, a filter 25, an electrolytic cell 26, and the like.

[0045] The pickling system 3 includes a pickling tank 31 and other existing supporting equipment, such as an acid preparation tank 32 and a delivery pipeline and a delivery pump.

[0046] The bottom of the carbon storage tank 17 is connected to the feed port of the desorption column 21 through a delivery pipe and a delivery pump; the bottom of the desorption column 21 is connected to the feed port of the pickling tank 31 through a delivery pipe and a delivery pump.

[0047] An ultrasonic probe 1 4 is provided in the carbon storage tank 11 and the pickling tank 31 , and an ultrasonic probe 2 6 is provided in the desorption column 21 .

[0048] As a preferred example, Figure 3 As shown, the ultrasonic probe 2 6 includes a housing 41 and a primary horn 42 and a secondary horn 44 connected thereto in sequence. The primary horn 42 and the secondary horn 44 are connected via a flange, and an ultrasonic tool head 45 is connected below the secondary horn 44 .

[0049] When the ultrasonic probe 2 6 is working, the primary horn 42 and the secondary horn 44 begin to vibrate, thereby driving the ultrasonic tool head 45 to vibrate, generating mechanical vibration and cavitation. The mechanical vibration can drive the gold-loaded carbon in the same space to flip, and the cavitation can penetrate into the pores of the gold-loaded carbon, causing the impurities in the pores to fall off and peel off.

[0050] As a preferred example, Figure 4 As shown, the ultrasonic probe 4 includes a shell 41 and a primary horn 42 and a secondary horn 44 connected thereto in sequence, the primary horn 42 and the secondary horn 44 are connected by a flange, an ultrasonic tool head 45 is connected below the secondary horn 44, a horn shell 46 is sleeved on the outside of the ultrasonic tool head 45, the top of the horn shell 46 is connected to the secondary horn 44, a plurality of air inlets 43 are provided on the side wall of the secondary horn 44, the air inlets 43 lead from the side wall of the secondary horn 44 to the inner cavity of the horn shell 46, the air inlet 43 is connected to the air inlet pipe 5, and a plurality of air outlet holes 47 are provided on the circumferential wall of the horn shell 46.

[0051] Compared with ultrasonic probe 2 6, ultrasonic probe 1 4 has an additional air inlet 43 and an air outlet 47. When ultrasonic probe 1 4 is working, gas is introduced into the air inlet pipe 5, and the gas enters the inner cavity of the amplitude transformer housing 46 along the air inlet 43. As the ultrasonic tool head 45 vibrates, the gas ejects from the air outlet 47 and acts on the gold-loaded carbon, further enhancing the stirring effect.

[0052] Working principle: The gold-loaded carbon from the cyanide carbon slurry operation is transported to the carbon storage tank 11 by hydraulic power, the ultrasonic probe 4 is turned on, and the airflow is introduced into the air inlet pipe 5 at the same time. The gold-loaded carbon is in a "tumbling" state under the mechanical action of the ultrasonic wave and the airflow. At the same time, under the cavitation action of the ultrasonic wave, the mud in the pores of the gold-loaded carbon is also fully eluted, so that the wood chips, plastic fragments, guide skin, surface sludge and mud in the internal pores of the gold-loaded carbon are fully separated from the gold-loaded carbon. Finally, the light debris such as wood chips, plastic fragments, guide skin, etc. flow out through the overflow pipe 13 and accumulate on the screen of the filter residue tank 14; the heavy block debris, the washed mud and the gold-loaded carbon sink to the lower part of the carbon storage tank 11, and after rinsing, they are transported to the vibrating screen 15 for cleaning and screening to remove the mud. Then the heavy block is intercepted on the screen by the lower carbon bucket 16 with screen, and the cleaned gold-loaded carbon smoothly enters the carbon storage tank 17.

[0053] Subsequently, the clean gold-loaded carbon in the carbon storage tank 17 is transferred to the desorption column 21 through the delivery pump. First, air is introduced into the desorption column 21 to dry the moisture on the surface of the gold-loaded carbon. After the moisture is dried, the circulation pump 23 delivers the "sodium hydroxide + sodium cyanide + sodium tripolyphosphate + sodium carbonate" desorption liquid prepared in the liquid preparation tank 22 to the electric heater 24 for high-temperature heating. After heating, it is supplied to the desorption column 21 for desorption. At this time, the ultrasonic probe 26 is started. Under the mechanical action of high temperature, high pressure and ultrasonic wave, the metal ions, impurities and calcium compounds adsorbed on the gold-loaded carbon are accelerated to desorb, and the desorption reaction is promoted. At the same time, the desorption liquid reacts with the calcium compound to modify it to form a soluble calcium phosphate complex Na[Na2Ca(P3O 10 )], to prevent calcium compounds from forming dense calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite scales that adhere to the desorption electrolytic system equipment. The gold-free carbon (poor carbon) after desorption is deposited at the bottom of the desorption column 21, and the precious liquid is filtered out of impurities and powdered carbon by the filter 25 and then transferred to the electrolytic cell 26 for electrolytic deposition.

[0054] The gold-depleted carbon (lean carbon) deposited at the bottom of the desorption column 21 is transported to the pickling tank 31 through a delivery pump, and the ultrasonic probe 4 is started. At the same time, air flow is introduced into the air inlet pipe 5. The gold-depleted carbon fully rolls in the pickling tank 31 under the action of ultrasonic mechanical and air flow, and fully contacts with the acid supplied by the acid preparation tank, which can avoid the formation of "channel flow" or "dead zone" and "hardening" of the pickling liquid in the activated carbon bed layer of the pickling tank 31; at the same time, the residual calcium in the pores of the gold-depleted carbon is further removed under the action of ultrasonic cavitation, so that the gold-depleted carbon is fully acid-washed and regenerated.

[0055] It should be noted that this embodiment only describes the equipment related to the removal of impurities and calcium compounds adsorbed on the surface and pores of gold-loaded carbon before, during and after desorption, while other supporting equipment of the desorption electrolysis system and the pickling system are existing equipment and will not be repeated here.

[0056] Application Example 1

[0057] In a certain iron-polymetallic gold mine in my country, the ore resources of the mine are mainly medium-deep and difficult-to-process oxygen-sulfur mixed ores and laterite ores. The gold ore resources are associated with various elements such as silver, iron, copper, lead, zinc, calcium, sulfur, etc. and contain heavy mud. Taking the desorption workshop of the mine that processes 5 tons of gold-loaded carbon per day as an example, the method described in Example 1 and the system described in Example 2 are used to treat the gold-loaded carbon before, during and after desorption to improve the cleanliness of the gold-loaded carbon, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling the blockage of the desorption electrowinning system.

[0058] The comparison of production data before and after implementation is shown in Table 1:

[0059] Table 1 Detailed list of production data before and after implementation

[0060]

[0061] Note: Although the ore samples before and after the implementation belong to the same batch, due to the differences in the ore samples themselves, the metal element content in the same batch of ore samples is not completely consistent, so there are differences in the content of metal elements such as gold, silver, and calcium in the gold-loaded carbon before and after the implementation. The effect of the present invention is mainly reflected in the comparison of the metal element content in the lean carbon and the gold-loaded carbon.

[0062] As can be seen from Table 1, by implementing effective control of anti-blocking in the three key periods before, during and after desorption, and supplemented by three-stage ultrasonic synergy and desorption agent optimization, the frequency of screen replacement in the desorption electrolytic system has been reduced from 1 time / day before implementation to 1 time / 20 days, and the frequency of pipeline cleaning in the system has been reduced from 1 time / day before implementation to 1 time / 30 days, which greatly reduces the replacement frequency. At the same time, with the improvement of the overall patency of the desorption electrolytic system, the desorption rate of gold and silver has also been greatly improved. The desorption rate of gold has increased from 83.95% before implementation to 94.60%, an increase of 10.66 percentage points, and the desorption rate of silver has increased from 95.24% before implementation to 98.44%, an increase of 3.20 percentage points. In addition, under the synergistic effect of ultrasound, the pickling removal rate of calcium has increased from 78.89% before implementation to 91.94%, an increase of 13.05 percentage points.

[0063] Application Example 2

[0064] A certain iron-polymetallic gold mine in my country has complex ore resources, with multiple elements such as silver, iron, copper, lead, zinc, calcium, and sulfur, and heavy mud content. The mine commissioned the sulphur concentrate produced by flotation to undergo roasting-roasting slag washing-cyanidation gold extraction process. Due to the complex nature of the ore itself, the sulphur concentrate obtained by flotation also contains multiple metal elements such as gold, silver, sulfur, iron, copper, lead, and zinc. After roasting, washing, and cyanidation to extract gold and silver, the gold-loaded carbon still contains multiple types of impurity elements with complex composition, forming complex low-gold and difficult-to-desorb gold-loaded carbon. During the desorption and electrolysis process, impurity elements such as calcium and magnesium are precipitated, forming dense scales such as calcium sulfate, calcium sulfite, and magnesium sulfate that adhere to the inner wall of the desorption and electrolysis system equipment, screen, and inner wall of the pipeline, resulting in frequent blockage of the desorption and electrolysis system and abnormal shutdown. In addition, since the sulfur concentrate is outsourced for roasting processing, the management of the sulfur concentrate is relatively extensive during the process of being transported from the mine to the commissioned roasting company for roasting. The site where the sulfur concentrate is stacked is usually temporarily covered with plastic sheets, resulting in a large amount of plastic fragments and other impurities being mixed in, and eventually entering the cyanide gold extraction process, causing serious blockage of the entire system.

[0065] Taking the above-mentioned sulfur concentrate desorption workshop that processes 10 tons of gold-loaded carbon per day as an example, the method described in Example 1 and the system described in Example 2 are used to treat the gold-loaded carbon before, during and after desorption to improve the cleanliness of the gold-loaded carbon, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling the blockage of the desorption electrolytic deposition system.

[0066] The comparison of production data before and after implementation is shown in Table 2:

[0067] Table 2 Production data details before and after implementation

[0068]

[0069] Note: Although the ore samples before and after the implementation belong to the same batch, due to the differences in the ore samples themselves, the metal element content of the same batch of ore samples is not completely consistent, so there are differences in the content of metal elements such as gold, silver, and calcium in the gold-loaded carbon before and after the implementation. The effect of the present invention is mainly reflected by the comparison of the metal element content in the lean carbon and the gold-loaded carbon.

[0070] As can be seen from Table 2, by implementing effective control of anti-blocking in the three key periods before, during and after desorption, and supplemented by three-stage ultrasonic coordination and desorption agent optimization, the frequency of screen replacement in the desorption electrowinning system has been reduced from 1 time / day before implementation to 1 time / 18 days, and the frequency of pipeline cleaning in the system has been reduced from 1 time / day before implementation to 1 time / 25 days, reducing the workload of employees. At the same time, with the improvement of the overall patency of the desorption electrowinning system, the desorption rates of gold and silver have also been greatly improved, from 64.80% before implementation to 90.45%, an increase of 25.65 percentage points, and the desorption rate of silver has increased from 85.86% before implementation to 96.87%, an increase of 11.01 percentage points; in addition, under the coordination of ultrasonic, the pickling removal rate of calcium has increased from 84.89% before implementation to 93.55%, an increase of 8.66 percentage points.

[0071] In summary, the present invention can effectively clean the gold-loaded carbon in the three stages before, during and after desorption through three-stage ultrasonic wave and desorption agent optimization, fully remove the impurities doped in the gold-loaded carbon and the mud and calcium compounds adsorbed on the surface and in the pores, and solve the problem of blockage of the desorption electrolysis system well, which not only reduces the replacement frequency of the desorption electrolysis system equipment and reduces the labor, but also greatly improves the desorption effect and efficiency of gold and silver. In addition, the pickling regeneration capacity of the gold-removed carbon is also improved, which has good economic benefits.

[0072] The present invention is described in detail above through specific and preferred embodiments, but those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling blockage of a desorption electrowinning system, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Pretreatment of gold-loaded carbon before desorption and electrowinning: The gold-loaded carbon from the cyanide carbon slurry operation is transported to the pretreatment system, rinsed by the combined action of ultrasound and airflow, and cleaned and screened by a vibrating screen to remove impurities doped in the gold-loaded carbon and mud on the surface and in the pores; (2) Desorption and electrolysis to remove calcium compounds: The pretreated gold-loaded carbon is transported to the desorption column of the desorption and electrolysis system. Air is blown into the desorption column to dry the moisture on the surface of the gold-loaded carbon. After the moisture is blown dry, a high-temperature heated desorption liquid of "sodium hydroxide + sodium cyanide + sodium tripolyphosphate + sodium carbonate" is added to the desorption column for desorption. During the desorption process, the ultrasonic probe set in the desorption column is started. Under the mechanical action of high temperature, high pressure and ultrasonic waves, the metal ions, impurities and calcium compounds adsorbed on the gold-loaded carbon are accelerated to desorb. At the same time, the desorption liquid reacts with the calcium compound to modify it to form a soluble calcium phosphate complex Na[Na2Ca(P3O 10 )], to prevent calcium compounds from forming dense calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite scales that adhere to the desorption electrowinning system equipment; The reaction equation is as follows: Na2CO3+CaSO4=CaCO3↓+Na2SO4 Na2CO3+CaSO3=CaCO3↓+Na2SO3 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">Na5P3O<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 10 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +CaCO3 = Na[Na2Ca(P3O<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 10 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> )]+Na2CO3 (3) Regeneration of gold-removed carbon by pickling after desorption and electrolysis: The gold-removed carbon after desorption and electrolysis is transported to the pickling system. The corrosion-resistant ultrasonic probe installed in the pickling tank and the air flow introduced are used to make the gold-removed carbon fully tumble in the pickling tank and fully contact with the acid solution. At the same time, the residual calcium in the pores of the gold-removed carbon is further removed under the action of ultrasonic cavitation, so that the gold-removed carbon is fully regenerated by pickling.

2. A system for preventing and controlling blockage of a desorption electrolysis system, comprising a desorption electrolysis system (2), characterized in that: The desorption and electrowinning system (2) is provided with a pretreatment system (1) at the front end and is connected with a pickling system (3) at the rear end; The pretreatment system (1) comprises a carbon storage tank (11), the top of which is provided with a carbon inlet pipe (12), one side of the top of the carbon storage tank (11) is connected to an overflow pipe (13), the outlet end of the overflow pipe (13) is provided with a filter residue tank (14), the bottom of the carbon storage tank (11) is connected to a vibrating screen (15) via a conveying pipe, the outlet above the vibrating screen (15) is connected to a carbon hopper (16) with a screen, the carbon hopper (16) with a screen is connected to a carbon storage tank (17) via a conveying pipe; the bottom of the carbon storage tank (17) is connected to a feed port of a desorption column (21) via a conveying pipe and a conveying pump; the bottom of the desorption column (21) is connected to a feed port of a pickling tank (31) via a conveying pipe and a conveying pump; an ultrasonic probe 1 (4) is provided in both the carbon storage tank (11) and the pickling tank (31), and an ultrasonic probe 2 (6) is provided in the desorption column (21).

3. A system for preventing and controlling blockage of a desorption electrowinning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second ultrasonic probe (6) comprises a housing (41) and a primary horn (42) and a secondary horn (44) connected thereto in sequence, and an ultrasonic tool head (45) is connected below the secondary horn (44).

4. A system for preventing and controlling blockage of a desorption electrowinning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ultrasonic probe 1 (4) comprises a shell (41) and a primary horn (42) and a secondary horn (44) connected thereto in sequence; an ultrasonic tool head (45) is connected below the secondary horn (44); a horn shell (46) is sleeved on the outside of the ultrasonic tool head (45); the top of the horn shell (46) is connected to the secondary horn (44); a plurality of air inlets (43) are provided on the side wall of the secondary horn (44); the air inlets (43) lead from the side wall of the secondary horn (44) to the inner cavity of the horn shell (46); the air inlets (43) are connected to an air inlet pipe (5); and a plurality of air outlet holes (47) are provided on the circumferential wall of the horn shell (46).

5. A system for preventing and controlling blockage of a desorption electrowinning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter residue tank (14) is funnel-shaped, and a screen is arranged on the upper part of the funnel.

6. A system for preventing and controlling blockage of a desorption electrowinning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbon storage tank (11) and the carbon storage tank (17) are both provided with sewage pipes at the lower sides thereof, and the flower pipes of the sewage pipes are provided with screens, and valves are provided on the pipes.

7. A system for preventing and controlling blockage of a desorption electrowinning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Valves are provided on the conveying pipes connected to the bottom of the carbon storage tank (11), the carbon hopper with a screen (16) and the carbon storage tank (17).

8. A system for preventing and controlling blockage of a desorption electrowinning system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The primary horn (42) and the secondary horn (44) are connected via a flange.

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