A fish passage device for water conservancy project construction

Abstract

The present invention provides a fish passage device for water conservancy project construction, which relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects. The fish passage device for water conservancy project construction includes a first water pump, a second water pump, a third water pump, a fish collecting pond, a fish sliding groove, multiple fish lifting ponds for sending the fish collected in the fish collecting pond to the fish sliding groove, multiple electric control valves, and multiple water pipes. In the present invention, fish schools near the downstream fish collecting pond are attracted by fish attracting lights. The first water pump drives the first floating block and multiple second floating blocks to rise in sequence, gradually moving the fish schools towards the fish sliding groove. The fish schools slide into the upstream water area through the fish sliding groove. By selecting an appropriate number of fish lifting ponds, dams of different heights can be satisfied. The fish lifting ponds, the fish collecting pond, and the fish sliding groove are all detachably connected by screws. The single pond has a small volume, which is convenient for transportation and on-site assembly for repeated use. A water replenishing pipe is provided to continuously replenish water above the second floating block to prevent the fish from dying due to water shortage during the fish passage process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and particularly to a fish passage device for water conservancy project construction. Background Art

[0002] In rivers around the world, a large number of water conservancy and hydropower projects have been built for flood control, power generation, irrigation, shipping, water supply, etc. In order to protect natural fishery resources and ensure the continuity and diversity of the aquatic ecosystem, the main restoration measure currently adopted is to build fishways in water conservancy and hydropower projects to help fish migrate.

[0003] A fishway is a fish passage structure built at a dam or natural obstacle for fish migration, and it is an ecological measure to reduce the interference of dams on fish survival and reproduction. Traditional fishways are generally only applicable to low-head water conservancy projects with a dam height below 20 - 25m, and fish need to consume a large amount of energy during the upstream process. The fishways of these medium- and high-head water conservancy projects rely on extending the length of the fishway to control the flow velocity of the fishway, resulting in a very high construction cost of the fishway in water conservancy projects. In the prior art, fish passage facilities also include fish locks, fish elevators, etc.;

[0004] However, due to the long construction period and construction complexity of the above-mentioned fish passage devices in the prior art, they are not applicable to the initial stage of interception and dam construction in water conservancy project construction. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a fish passage device for water conservancy project construction that is applicable to the upstream fish population during the initial construction process of water conservancy projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a fish passage device for water conservancy project construction, which solves the problem that the fish passage device for water conservancy project construction in the prior art is not applicable to the initial stage of interception and dam construction in water conservancy project construction due to the long detection period and complex construction.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A fish passage device for water conservancy project construction includes a first water pump, a second water pump, a third water pump, a fish collection pond, a fish sliding trough, multiple fish raising ponds for sending the fish collected in the fish collection pond to the fish sliding trough, multiple electric control valves, and multiple water pipes. First baffles are arranged on the upper wall of the fish collection pond and close to both left and right sides. Second baffles are arranged on the upper wall of the fish raising pond and close to both left and right sides. A backflow prevention plate and a first floating block are slidably connected in sequence in the front-back distribution inside the fish collection pond. A second floating block is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the fish raising pond. The upper wall and the lower wall of the fish collection pond are both parallel to the horizontal plane. The upper wall of the fish raising pond, the lower wall of the fish raising pond, and the lower wall of the fish sliding trough are all at an angle of thirty degrees with the horizontal plane, and the inclination directions of the upper wall of the fish raising pond, the lower wall of the fish raising pond, and the fish sliding trough are opposite. Through cavities communicating with the lower wall are arranged inside the backflow prevention plate, the first floating block, and the second floating block. A set of first openings are arranged on both left and right side walls of the backflow prevention plate and close to the lower wall position. A set of second openings are arranged on both left and right side walls of the first floating block and close to the lower wall position. A set of third openings are arranged on both left and right side walls of the second floating block and close to the lower wall position.

[0007] Preferably, multiple groups of the fish-raising ponds are arranged in the front-back direction and are set in a form of rising successively on the rear wall of the fish-collecting pond, and the upper walls of multiple groups of fish-raising ponds are all located on the same plane. The fish-sliding groove is arranged on the rear wall of the last group among multiple groups of fish-raising ponds. The horizontal height of the front end of the fish-sliding groove is lower than the highest point of the upper wall of the adjacent fish-raising pond. Inside the fish-collecting pond, a first sliding cavity and a second sliding cavity are successively arranged in the front-back direction. Both the first sliding cavity and the second sliding cavity communicate with the upper wall of the fish-collecting pond. The anti-return plate is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the first sliding cavity. The first floating block is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the second sliding cavity. Inside the fish-raising pond, a third sliding cavity is arranged, and the third sliding cavity communicates with the upper wall of the fish-raising pond. The second floating block is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the third sliding cavity. On the upper wall of the first floating block and near both the left and right sides, first side plates are fixedly connected. On the upper wall of the second floating block and near both the left and right sides, second side plates are fixedly connected. On the upper walls of two groups of the first baffles and at a position centered in the front-back direction, a first cross-frame is fixedly connected. On the lower wall of the first cross-frame, a monitoring structure for monitoring the fish-collecting situation is arranged. On the upper walls of two groups of the first baffles and at a position near the rear end, a second cross-frame is fixedly connected. On the lower wall of the second cross-frame, a fish-attracting structure for attracting the nearby fish schools into the fish-collecting pond is arranged. On the left walls of both the fish-collecting pond and the fish-raising pond, a water-injecting structure for communicating with the first water pump is arranged. After being injected with water by the first water pump through the water-injecting structure, the anti-return plate, the first floating block, and the second floating block float up. On the right walls of both the fish-collecting pond and the fish-raising pond, a water-pumping structure for communicating with the second water pump is arranged. After being pumped by the second water pump, the anti-return plate, the first floating block, and the second floating block fall by their own weights. On the left wall of the rightmost group among two groups of the second baffles, a water-supplementing structure for communicating with the third water pump is arranged. Between the opposite sides of two groups of the first baffles and the second baffles, a limiting structure for controlling the rising heights of the anti-return plate, the first floating block, and the second floating block is arranged.

[0008] Preferably, between the fish-collecting pond and the fish-raising pond, between fish-raising ponds, between the fish-raising pond and the fish-sliding groove, between the fish-collecting pond and the first baffle, and between the fish-raising pond and the second baffle, they are all detachably connected by multiple groups of screws.

[0009] Preferably, the upper walls of the first floating block and the second floating block are both inclined in a front-high and rear-low shape. The inclination angle of the upper wall of the first floating block is ten degrees, and the inclination angle of the upper wall of the second floating block is five degrees.

[0010] Preferably, the monitoring structure includes a first bracket and a camera. The first bracket is arranged on the front wall of the first cross-frame, and the camera is arranged at the end of the first bracket far from the first cross-frame. The shooting range of the camera is the inside of the fish-collecting pond.

[0011] Preferably, the fish attracting structure includes a second bracket and a fish attracting lamp. The second bracket is arranged on the lower wall of the second cross frame and located between two groups of first baffles, and the fish attracting lamp is arranged at one end of the second bracket away from the second cross frame.

[0012] Preferably, the water injection structure includes a first water inlet joint, a second water inlet joint and a third water inlet joint. The first water inlet joint and the second water inlet joint are both fixedly connected to the left wall of the collecting fish pond and are respectively communicated with the inside of the first sliding cavity and the second sliding cavity. The third water inlet joint is fixedly connected to the left wall of the rising fish pond and is communicated with the inside of the third sliding cavity. One ends of the first water inlet joint and the second water inlet joint away from the collecting fish pond and one end of the third water inlet joint away from the rising fish pond are respectively connected to a first water pump through a plurality of water pipes, and the on-off of the first water pump with the first water inlet joint, the second water inlet joint and the third water inlet joint is respectively controlled by an electric control valve.

[0013] Preferably, the pumping structure includes a first pumping joint, a second pumping joint and a third pumping joint. The first pumping joint and the second pumping joint are both fixedly connected to the right wall of the collecting fish pond and are respectively communicated with the inside of the first sliding cavity and the second sliding cavity. The third pumping joint is fixedly connected to the right wall of the rising fish pond and is communicated with the inside of the third sliding cavity. One ends of the first pumping joint and the second pumping joint away from the collecting fish pond and one end of the third pumping joint away from the rising fish pond are respectively connected to a second water pump through a plurality of water pipes, and the on-off of the second water pump with the first pumping joint, the second pumping joint and the third pumping joint is respectively controlled by an electric control valve.

[0014] Preferably, the water replenishing structure includes a fixed rod and a water replenishing pipe. The fixed rod is fixedly connected to the left wall of the rightmost group among two groups of second baffles, and the water replenishing pipe is fixedly connected between the left wall of the rightmost group among a plurality of second baffles and the left wall of the fixed rod. The length direction of the water replenishing pipe is parallel to the horizontal plane, and a plurality of water replenishing holes distributed along the axial direction of the water replenishing pipe are arranged on the outer wall of the water replenishing pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the limiting structure includes a plurality of limiting pins, and the plurality of limiting pins are respectively fixedly connected between the opposite sides of two groups of first baffles and between the opposite sides of two groups of second baffles. When the first floating block floats to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins, the lowest point of the upper wall of the first floating block is horizontally higher than the front end of the upper wall of a group of rising fish ponds adjacent to the collecting fish pond. When the second floating block floats to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins, the lowest point of the upper wall of the second floating block is horizontally higher than the lowest point of the upper wall of a group of rising fish ponds adjacent to and behind the second floating block. When the anti-return plate floats to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins, the height of the lower wall of the anti-return plate is not higher than the upper edge of the first sliding cavity.

[0016] The present invention provides a fish passing device for water conservancy project construction. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Compared with the prior art, for the fish passage device used in the construction of this water conservancy project, fish schools near the downstream fish collection pool are attracted by the fish attracting lights, and the number of fish schools is monitored by the camera. After a certain number of fish gather above the fish collection pool, water is injected into the first sliding cavity through the first water pump, driving the anti-return plate to rise to prevent the fish school from escaping. Then, water is successively injected into the second sliding cavity and multiple third sliding cavities through the first water pump, driving the first floating block and multiple second floating blocks to rise in sequence, gradually moving the fish school towards the fish sliding groove. The fish school slides into the upstream water area through the fish sliding groove. By selecting an appropriate number of fish lifting pools, dams of different heights can be satisfied, and the fish passage process is very smooth.

[0018] 2. Compared with the prior art, for the fish passage device used in the construction of this water conservancy project, the fish lifting pool, fish collection pool and fish sliding groove are all detachably connected by screws. The single pool has a small volume, which is convenient for transportation and on-site assembly. Especially suitable for the initial stage of dam construction in water conservancy project construction, after the dam construction machine and the permanent fishway are completed, the fish passage device can also be disassembled and transported away for repeated use.

[0019] 3. Compared with the prior art, for the fish passage device used in the construction of this water conservancy project, considering that the sealing between the temporarily assembled second floating block and the third sliding cavity is not very good, resulting in relatively fast water leakage when the second floating block lifts the fish, a water replenishing pipe is provided above the fish lifting pool. By continuously replenishing water above the second floating block, it is possible to avoid the death of fish due to water shortage during the fish passage process, effectively improving safety. Through the water replenishment of the water replenishing pipe, it is not necessary to set the sealing between the second floating block and the third sliding cavity too high, effectively reducing the production process difficulty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the left front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Local enlarged view of part A in

[0022] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Local enlarged view of part B in

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the right front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 Partial side cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the fish collection pool, fish lifting pool, first floating block, second floating block and anti-return plate of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Local enlarged view of part C in

[0026] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Partial enlarged view at position D in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 5 Partial enlarged view at position E in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the anti - return plate structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 Partial sectional view of the internal structure of the fish - collecting pond of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 Partial sectional view of the internal structure of the fish - rising pond of the present invention.

[0031] Wherein, 1. fish - collecting pond; 101. first sliding cavity; 102. second sliding cavity; 2. fish - rising pond; 201. third sliding cavity; 3. fish - sliding groove; 4. first baffle; 5. second baffle; 6. first water inlet joint; 7. second water inlet joint; 8. third water inlet joint; 9. first water pumping joint; 10. second water pumping joint; 11. third water pumping joint; 12. first cross - frame; 13. first support; 14. camera; 15. second cross - frame; 16. second support; 17. fish - attracting lamp; 18. fixing rod; 19. water replenishing pipe; 20. water replenishing hole; 21. limit pin; 22. anti - return plate; 23. first floating block; 24. first side plate; 25. second floating block; 26. second side plate; 27. first opening; 28. second opening; 29. third opening. Specific embodiments

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment: As Figures 1 to 11As shown in the figure, an equipment for passing fish in the construction of water conservancy projects provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a first water pump, a second water pump, a third water pump, a fish collection pond 1, a fish sliding groove 3, multiple fish lifting ponds 2 for sending the fish collected in the fish collection pond 1 to the fish sliding groove 3, multiple electric control valves, and multiple water pipes. First baffles 4 are provided on the upper wall of the fish collection pond 1 and close to both left and right sides. Second baffles 5 are provided on the upper wall of the fish lifting pond 2 and close to both left and right sides. A backflow prevention plate 22 and a first floating block 23 are slidably connected in sequence in the front-back distribution inside the fish collection pond 1. A second floating block 25 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the fish lifting pond 2. The upper wall and the lower wall of the fish collection pond 1 are both parallel to the horizontal plane. The upper wall of the fish lifting pond 2, the lower wall of the fish lifting pond 2, and the lower wall of the fish sliding groove 3 are all at an angle of thirty degrees with the horizontal plane, and the inclination directions of the upper wall of the fish lifting pond 2, the lower wall of the fish lifting pond 2, and the fish sliding groove 3 are opposite. Through cavities communicating with the lower wall are provided inside the backflow prevention plate 22, the first floating block 23, and the second floating block 25. A set of first openings 27 are provided on both left and right side walls of the backflow prevention plate 22 and close to the lower wall position. A set of second openings 28 are provided on both left and right side walls of the first floating block 23 and close to the lower wall position. A set of third openings 29 are provided on both left and right side walls of the second floating block 25 and close to the lower wall position. The fish collection pond 1 and the fish lifting pond 2, between the fish lifting ponds 2, between the fish lifting pond 2 and the fish sliding groove 3, between the fish collection pond 1 and the first baffle 4, and between the fish lifting pond 2 and the second baffle 5 are all detachably connected by multiple screws. In this embodiment, the first water pump, the second water pump, the third water pump, the water pipes, and the electric control valves are all existing mature technologies. The first water pump is used to pump water and inject it into the first sliding cavity 101, the second sliding cavity 102, and the third sliding cavity 201 to drive the backflow prevention plate 22, the first floating block 23, and the second floating block 25 to float. The specific injection positions are controlled by multiple electric control valves respectively. The second water pump is used to pump water to facilitate the sinking and resetting of the backflow prevention plate 22, the first floating block 23, and the second floating block 25. The third water pump is used to supplement water above the second floating block 25 through the make-up water pipe 19 to prevent the fish from dying due to lack of water during the fish lifting process;

[0034] In order to transport the downstream fish groups to the upstream to achieve fish passage, multiple lifting fish ponds 2 are arranged in the front-back direction and are set in a form of rising successively on the rear wall of the fish collecting pond 1, and the upper walls of multiple groups of lifting fish ponds 2 are all located on the same plane. The fish sliding groove 3 is arranged on the rear wall of the last group among multiple groups of lifting fish ponds 2. The front end horizontal height of the fish sliding groove 3 is lower than the highest point of the upper wall of the adjacent lifting fish pond 2. Inside the fish collecting pond 1, a first sliding cavity 101 and a second sliding cavity 102 are successively arranged in the front-back direction. Both the first sliding cavity 101 and the second sliding cavity 102 communicate with the upper wall of the fish collecting pond 1. The anti-return plate 22 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the first sliding cavity 101, and the first floating block 23 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the second sliding cavity 102. A third sliding cavity 201 is arranged inside the lifting fish pond 2, and the third sliding cavity 201 communicates with the upper wall of the lifting fish pond 2. The second floating block 25 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the third sliding cavity 201. On the upper wall of the first floating block 23 and near both the left and right sides, first side plates 24 are fixedly connected. On the upper wall of the second floating block 25 and near both the left and right sides, second side plates 26 are fixedly connected. The upper walls of the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 are both inclined in a front-high and rear-low shape. The inclination angle of the upper wall of the first floating block 23 is ten degrees, and the inclination angle of the upper wall of the second floating block 25 is five degrees. The inclined setting of the upper walls of the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 can make the water with fish groups flow along the slope after floating, gradually transfer from the upper wall of the first floating block 23 to the upper wall of the second floating block 25, and then be successively transferred through the upper walls of multiple second floating blocks 25 until it is transferred to the upper wall of the fish sliding groove 3. The fish groups are sent into the upstream water area through the fish sliding groove 3 to achieve the purpose of fish passage;

[0035] In order to monitor the number of fish groups, a first cross frame 12 is fixedly connected to the upper walls of two groups of first baffles 4 and near the central position in the front-back direction. A monitoring structure for monitoring the fish collection situation is arranged on the lower wall of the first cross frame 12. The monitoring structure includes a first support 13 and a camera 14. The first support 13 is arranged on the front wall of the first cross frame 12, and the camera 14 is arranged at one end of the first support 13 away from the first cross frame 12. The shooting range of the camera 14 is the inside of the fish collecting pond 1. The fish inlet situation inside the fish collecting pond 1 can be monitored through the camera 14. When the number of fish groups reaches a certain level, the fish lifting is started, avoiding continuous operation of the equipment when there is no fish, and effectively saving energy;

[0036] In order to attract fish schools into the fish collection pond 1, a second cross-frame 15 is fixedly connected to the upper walls of two groups of first baffles 4 and is located near the rear end. A fish attracting structure for attracting nearby fish schools into the interior of the fish collection pond 1 is provided on the lower wall of the second cross-frame 15. The fish attracting structure includes a second support 16 and a fish attracting lamp 17. The second support 16 is arranged on the lower wall of the second cross-frame 15 and is located between two groups of first baffles 4. The fish attracting lamp 17 is arranged at one end of the second support 16 away from the second cross-frame 15. The fish attracting lamp 17 can be a common single kind of lamp or a lamp assembled by multiple kinds of lights on the market, and is selected according to the fish schools existing in the specific water area. After the fish attracting lamp 17 is activated, it can attract the fish around the fish collection pond 1 to swim above the fish collection pond 1, achieving the purpose of gathering fish schools;

[0037] In order to drive the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22 to rise, water injection structures for communicating with the first water pump are provided on the left wall of the fish collection pond 1 and the left wall of the fish rising pond 2. The anti-return plate 22, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 all float up after being injected with water by the first water pump and the water injection structures. The water injection structures include a first water inlet joint 6, a second water inlet joint 7 and a third water inlet joint 8. The first water inlet joint 6 and the second water inlet joint 7 are both fixedly connected to the left wall of the fish collection pond 1 and are respectively communicated with the inside of the first sliding cavity 101 and the second sliding cavity 102. The third water inlet joint 8 is fixedly connected to the left wall of the fish rising pond 2 and is communicated with the inside of the third sliding cavity 201. One ends of the first water inlet joint 6, the second water inlet joint 7 away from the fish collection pond 1 and one end of the third water inlet joint 8 away from the fish rising pond 2 are respectively connected to the first water pump through multiple groups of water pipes. The on-off of the first water pump and the first water inlet joint 6, the second water inlet joint 7 and the third water inlet joint 8 are respectively controlled by a group of electric control valves. After the inside of the first sliding cavity 101, the second sliding cavity 102 and the third sliding cavity 201 are injected with water, they can respectively drive the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22 to rise. The floating up of the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 can be used for the transfer of fish schools, and the rising of the anti-return plate 22 can prevent the fish schools swimming above the fish collection pond 1 from running away;

[0038] To reset the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22 after the fish lifting is completed, a pumping structure for communicating with the second water pump is provided on the right wall of the fish collecting pond 1 and the right wall of the fish lifting pond 2. After the anti-return plate 22, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 are pumped by the second water pump, they fall by their own weight. The pumping structure includes a first pumping joint 9, a second pumping joint 10 and a third pumping joint 11. The first pumping joint 9 and the second pumping joint 10 are both fixedly connected to the right wall of the fish collecting pond 1 and are respectively communicated with the inside of the first sliding cavity 101 and the second sliding cavity 102. The third pumping joint 11 is fixedly connected to the right wall of the fish lifting pond 2 and is communicated with the inside of the third sliding cavity 201. One ends of the first pumping joint 9 and the second pumping joint 10 away from the fish collecting pond 1 and one end of the third pumping joint 11 away from the fish lifting pond 2 are respectively connected to the second water pump through multiple groups of water pipes. The on-off of the connection between the second water pump and the first pumping joint 9, the second pumping joint 10 and the third pumping joint 11 is respectively controlled by a group of electric control valves. After the fish lifting is completed, to reset the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22, the second water pump sequentially pumps out the water inside the first sliding cavity 101, the second sliding cavity 102 and the third sliding cavity 201, so that the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22 sink and reset;

[0039] To avoid the fish lacking water during the fish lifting process, a water replenishing structure for communicating with the third water pump is provided on the left wall of the rightmost one of the two groups of second baffles 5. The water replenishing structure includes a fixed rod 18 and a water replenishing pipe 19. The fixed rod 18 is fixedly connected to the left wall of the rightmost one of the two groups of second baffles 5. The water replenishing pipe 19 is fixedly connected between the left wall of the rightmost one of the multiple groups of second baffles 5 and the left wall of the fixed rod 18. The length direction of the water replenishing pipe 19 is parallel to the horizontal plane. Multiple water replenishing holes 20 are arranged on the outer wall of the water replenishing pipe 19 along the axial direction of the water replenishing pipe 19. The third water pump replenishes water to the second floating block 25 through the multiple water replenishing holes 20 on the water replenishing pipe 19, which can effectively avoid the fish lacking water and dying during the fish lifting process;

[0040] In order to control the rising stroke of the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22, a limiting structure for controlling the rising height of the anti-return plate 22, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 is provided between the opposite sides of the two groups of first baffles 4 and second baffles 5. The limiting structure includes multiple groups of limiting pins 21, and the multiple groups of limiting pins 21 are respectively fixedly connected between the opposite sides of the two groups of first baffles 4 and between the opposite sides of the two groups of second baffles 5. When the first floating block 23 floats up to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins 21, the horizontal height of the lowest point on the upper wall of the first floating block 23 is higher than the front end of the upper wall of a group of rising fish ponds 2 adjacent to the collecting fish pond 1. When the second floating block 25 floats up to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins 21, the horizontal height of the lowest point on the upper wall of the second floating block 25 is higher than the lowest point of the upper wall of a group of rising fish ponds 2 adjacent to and behind the second floating block 25. When the anti-return plate 22 floats up to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins 21, the height of the lower wall of the anti-return plate 22 is not higher than the upper edge of the first sliding cavity 101. By being limited by the limiting pins 21, the rising height of the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22 can be controlled to avoid complete detachment and failure.

[0041] Working principle: In this embodiment, the first water pump, the second water pump, the third water pump, the water pipes and the electric control valves are all existing mature technologies. The first water pump is used to pump water and inject it into the first sliding cavity 101, the second sliding cavity 102 and the third sliding cavity 201 to drive the anti-return plate 22, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 to float. The specific injection positions are controlled by multiple electric control valves respectively. The second water pump is used to pump water to facilitate the sinking and resetting of the anti-return plate 22, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25. The third water pump is used to supplement water above the second floating block 25 through the water replenishing pipe 19 to avoid the death of fish due to water shortage during the fish lifting process. The inclination angle of the upper wall of the first floating block 23 is ten degrees, and the inclination angle of the upper wall of the second floating block 25 is five degrees. The inclined settings of the upper walls of the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 can make the water with fish swim along the slope after floating, gradually transfer from the upper wall of the first floating block 23 to the upper wall of the second floating block 25, and then be transferred sequentially through the upper walls of multiple second floating blocks 25 until it is transferred to the upper wall of the fish sliding groove 3, and the fish are sent into the upstream water area through the fish sliding groove 3 to achieve the purpose of fish passage. The shooting range of the camera 14 is inside the fish collecting pool 1. The internal fish intake situation of the fish collecting pool 1 can be monitored through the camera 14. When the number of fish reaches a certain level, the fish lifting is started to avoid continuous operation of the equipment when there is no fish, effectively saving energy. The fish attracting lamp 17 can be a common single type of lamp or a combination of multiple types of lamps on the market, and is selected according to the fish species existing in the specific water area. After the fish attracting lamp 17 is activated, it can attract the fish around the fish collecting pool 1 to swim above the fish collecting pool 1 to achieve the purpose of gathering fish. The on-off of the first water pump between the first water inlet joint 6, the second water inlet joint 7 and the third water inlet joint 8 is controlled by a group of electric control valves respectively. After the first sliding cavity 101, the second sliding cavity 102 and the third sliding cavity 201 are filled with water, they can drive the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22 to rise respectively. The floating of the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 can be used for the transfer of fish, and the rising of the anti-return plate 22 can prevent the fish swimming above the fish collecting pool 1 from running away. After the fish lifting is completed, in order to realize the resetting of the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22, the second water pump is used to pump out the water inside the first sliding cavity 101, the second sliding cavity 102 and the third sliding cavity 201 in sequence, so that the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22 sink and reset. The third water pump replenishes water to the second floating block 25 through multiple water replenishing holes 20 on the water replenishing pipe 19, which can effectively avoid the death of fish due to water shortage during the fish lifting process.When the first floating block 23 floats up to the highest stroke after being limited by the limit pin 21, the horizontal height of the lowest point of the upper wall of the first floating block 23 is higher than the front end of the upper wall of a set of ascending fish ponds 2 adjacent to the collecting fish pond 1. When the second floating block 25 floats up to the highest stroke after being limited by the limit pin 21, the horizontal height of the lowest point of the upper wall of the second floating block 25 is higher than the lowest point of the upper wall of a set of ascending fish ponds 2 adjacent to and behind the second floating block 25. When the anti-return plate 22 floats up to the highest stroke after being limited by the limit pin 21, the height of the lower wall of the anti-return plate 22 is not higher than the upper edge of the first sliding cavity 101. Limited by the limit pin 21, the rising heights of the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22 can be controlled to avoid complete detachment and failure.

[0042] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fish passing device for water conservancy project construction, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first water pump, a second water pump, a third water pump, a fish collecting pond (1), a fish sliding trough (3), a plurality of fish raising ponds (2) for sending fish collected in the fish collecting pond (1) to the fish sliding trough (3), a plurality of groups of electrically controlled valves and a plurality of groups of water pipes. The upper wall of the fish collecting pond (1) and near the left and right sides are provided with a first baffle (4), the upper wall of the fish raising pond (2) and near the left and right sides are provided with a second baffle (5), the interior of the fish collecting pond (1) is slidably connected with an anti-return plate (22) and a first floating block (23) in a front-to-back manner, the inner wall of the fish raising pond (2) is slidably connected with a second floating block (25), the upper wall and the lower wall of the fish collecting pond (1) are parallel to the horizontal plane, and the fish raising pond (2) is provided with a plurality of electrically controlled valves and a plurality of water pipes. The upper wall of the pool (2), the lower wall of the fish pool (2) and the lower wall of the fish tank (3) are all at an angle of thirty degrees to the horizontal plane, and the upper wall of the fish pool (2), the lower wall of the fish pool (2) and the fish tank (3) are inclined in opposite directions. The anti-return plate (22), the first floating block (23) and the second floating block (25) are all provided with a through cavity that penetrates the lower wall. The left and right side walls of the anti-return plate (22) are each provided with a group of first openings (27) near the lower wall. The left and right side walls of the first floating block (23) are each provided with a group of second openings (28) near the lower wall. The left and right side walls of the second floating block (25) are each provided with a group of third openings (29) near the lower wall. The plurality of fish raising ponds (2) are arranged on the rear wall of the fish collecting pond (1) in a front-to-back distribution and in a sequentially ascending manner, and the upper walls of the plurality of fish raising ponds (2) are all located in the same plane; the fish sliding trough (3) is arranged on the rear wall of the last group of fish raising ponds (2); the front end of the fish sliding trough (3) is lower than the highest point of the upper wall of the adjacent fish raising pond (2); the interior of the fish collecting pond (1) is sequentially provided with a first sliding cavity (101) and a second sliding cavity (102) in a front-to-back distribution; the first sliding cavity (101) and the second sliding cavity (102) are both connected to the upper wall of the fish collecting pond (1); the anti-return plate (22) is slidably connected to the rear wall of the fish collecting pond (1); The first floating block (23) is connected to the inner wall of the first sliding cavity (101), the first floating block (23) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding cavity (102), a third sliding cavity (201) is arranged inside the fish raising pond (2), the third sliding cavity (201) is connected to the upper wall of the fish raising pond (2), the second floating block (25) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the third sliding cavity (201), the upper wall of the first floating block (23) and near the left and right sides are fixedly connected to the first side plate (24), the upper wall of the second floating block (25) and near the left and right sides are fixedly connected to the second side plate (26), the upper wall of the two sets of the first baffles (4) are fixedly connected to the first side plate (24), and the upper wall of the second floating block (25) and near the left and right sides are fixedly connected to the second side plate (26). A first horizontal frame (12) is fixedly connected to the wall and near the center position in the front-to-back direction, and a monitoring structure for monitoring the fish gathering situation is arranged on the lower wall of the first horizontal frame (12). A second horizontal frame (15) is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the two groups of the first baffles (4) and near the rear end position, and a fish attracting structure for attracting nearby fish schools into the fish gathering pond (1) is arranged on the lower wall of the second horizontal frame (15). The left wall of the fish gathering pond (1) and the left wall of the fish raising pond (2) are both provided with a water injection structure for communicating with a first water pump. The anti-return plate (22), the first floating block (23) and the second floating block (25) are all connected by The first water pump and the water injection structure float after water injection; the right wall of the fish collecting pond (1) and the right wall of the fish lifting pond (2) are both provided with a pumping structure for communicating with the second water pump; the anti-return plate (22), the first floating block (23) and the second floating block (25) are all dropped by their own weight after water is pumped by the second water pump; the left wall of the right side of the two sets of the second baffles (5) is provided with a water replenishing structure for communicating with the third water pump; and the two sets of the first baffles (4) and the second baffles (5) are both provided between opposite sides thereof with a limit structure for controlling the lifting height of the anti-return plate (22), the first floating block (23) and the second floating block (25).

2. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fish collecting pond (1) and the fish raising pond (2), the fish raising pond (2) and the fish raising pond (2), the fish raising pond (2) and the fish sliding trough (3), the fish collecting pond (1) and the first baffle (4), and the fish raising pond (2) and the second baffle (5) are all detachably connected by a plurality of sets of screws.

3. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper wall of the first floating block (23) and the upper wall of the second floating block (25) are both inclined with the front being higher and the back being lower. The upper wall of the first floating block (23) has an inclination angle of ten degrees, and the upper wall of the second floating block (25) has an inclination angle of five degrees.

4. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The monitoring structure comprises a first bracket (13) and a camera (14); the first bracket (13) is arranged on a front wall of a first horizontal frame (12); the camera (14) is arranged at an end of the first bracket (13) away from the first horizontal frame (12); and the camera (14) has a camera range within the fish collecting pond (1).

5. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fish attracting structure comprises a second bracket (16) and a fish attracting light (17); the second bracket (16) is arranged on the lower wall of the second horizontal frame (15) and is located between the two groups of first baffles (4); and the fish attracting light (17) is arranged at an end of the second bracket (16) away from the second horizontal frame (15).

6. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting structure comprises a plurality of groups of limiting pins (21), wherein the plurality of groups of limiting pins (21) are respectively fixedly connected between opposite sides of the two groups of first baffles (4) and between opposite sides of the two groups of second baffles (5); when the first floating block (23) floats up to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins (21), the horizontal height of the lowest point of the upper wall of the first floating block (23) is higher than the front end of the upper wall of a group of fish raising ponds (2) adjacent to the fish collecting pond (1); when the second floating block (25) floats up to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins (21), the horizontal height of the lowest point of the upper wall of the second floating block (25) is higher than the lowest point of the upper wall of a group of fish raising ponds (2) adjacent to it and located behind the second floating block (25); and when the anti-return plate (22) floats up to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins (21), the height of the lower wall of the anti-return plate (22) is not higher than the upper edge of the first sliding cavity (101).

7. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water injection structure comprises a first water inlet joint (6), a second water inlet joint (7) and a third water inlet joint (8); the first water inlet joint (6) and the second water inlet joint (7) are both fixedly connected to the left wall of the fish collecting pond (1) and are respectively connected to the inside of the first sliding cavity (101) and the second sliding cavity (102); the third water inlet joint (8) is fixedly connected to the left wall of the fish raising pond (2) and is connected to the inside of the third sliding cavity (201); the ends of the first water inlet joint (6) and the second water inlet joint (7) away from the fish collecting pond (1) and the end of the third water inlet joint (8) away from the fish raising pond (2) are respectively connected to a first water pump through a plurality of water pipes; the first water pump and the first water inlet joint (6), the second water inlet joint (7) and the third water inlet joint (8) are respectively connected to each other through a group of electrically controlled valves.

8. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pumping structure comprises a first pumping joint (9), a second pumping joint (10) and a third pumping joint (11); the first pumping joint (9) and the second pumping joint (10) are both fixedly connected to the right wall of the fish collecting pond (1) and are respectively connected to the inside of the first sliding cavity (101) and the second sliding cavity (102); the third pumping joint (11) is fixedly connected to the right wall of the fish raising pond (2) and is connected to the inside of the third sliding cavity (201); one end of the first pumping joint (9) and the second pumping joint (10) away from the fish collecting pond (1) and one end of the third pumping joint (11) away from the fish raising pond (2) are respectively connected to a second water pump through a plurality of water pipes; the second water pump and the first pumping joint (9), the second pumping joint (10) and the third pumping joint (11) are respectively connected and disconnected through a group of electrically controlled valves.

9. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water replenishment structure comprises a fixed rod (18) and a water replenishment pipe (19); the fixed rod (18) is fixedly connected to a left wall of a group of the two groups of second baffles (5) on the right side; the water replenishment pipe (19) is fixedly connected between a left wall of a group of the multiple groups of second baffles (5) on the right side and the left wall of the fixed rod (18); the length direction of the water replenishment pipe (19) is parallel to a horizontal plane; and the outer wall of the water replenishment pipe (19) is provided with a plurality of groups of water replenishment holes (20) distributed along the axial direction of the water replenishment pipe (19).

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