Hybrid drill bit with cone and pick
By combining the gear and teeth design on the cut-off drill bit, the problem of early failure of the cut-off drill bit in the hard and soft layer is solved, and the scale efficiency and scope of application are achieved, and the overall cost of the drill bit is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411901448.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-04
AI Technical Summary
The cutting-type drill bit is likely to cause early failure when encountering uneven formations such as soft and hard interlayers. Especially when there are hard interlayers and hard rocks in extremely soft formations, the cutting-type drill bits are prone to breaking, resulting in failure of the drill bits.
A mixed drill bit with gear and tooth cutting is designed. There are two tooth cutting blade wings symmetrically distributed on the drill bit body. Each tooth cutting blade wing is installed on the blade wing. The tooth cutting blade wing and the tooth wheel are spaced in pairs. The cutting trajectory of the tooth carbide teeth coincides with the cutting trajectory of the tooth cutting teeth to form a parallel tooth top profile.
Through the coordinated work of the gear and the teeth cut, the application scope and ruler efficiency of the drill bit in the soft and hard interlayer are improved, the service life of the drill bit is extended, and the overall cost is reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN119754703A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a novel hybrid drill bit, in particular to a cone and pick hybrid drill bit, belonging to the technical field of rock drilling tools. Background Art
[0002] Both pick drill bits and roller drill bits are common rock drilling tools, mostly used in engineering construction, rock breaking in mines, and oil drilling. At present, roller drill bits are mainly tri-cone drill bits. When working, the carbide teeth embedded in the rollers crush and impact the rocks to break the rocks. They are mainly used in soft, medium-hard and hard formations with formation hardness F>1.5. Pick drill bits generally have picks installed on the drill bit base. When working, the picks scrape and shear the rocks to break the rocks. Limited by the material properties of the picks and their working methods, pick drill bits are mostly used in soft and extremely soft formations with formation hardness F<1.5, generally soft and extremely soft coal seams, sandstone and strongly weathered rock formations.
[0003] At present, the fields of engineering construction, rock breaking in mines and oil drilling have increasingly higher requirements for the penetration and drilling efficiency of drill bits. The use of roller bits in extremely soft formations has limited improvement in drilling efficiency, and it is difficult to significantly increase the penetration. The overall drilling cost has risen, and the product has no cost-effectiveness advantage. The use of pick-type drill bits in extremely soft formations can achieve relatively good drilling rig efficiency and penetration, and effectively control the overall cost of the drill bit. However, in actual use, many formations are uneven in soft and hard geology, and there are some hard interlayers and hard rocks in extremely soft formations, which can easily lead to early breakage of the pick teeth on the pick-type drill bit, or even broken blades, which in turn leads to early failure of the drill bit. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to solve the early failure of pick-type drill bits in uneven formations such as soft and hard interlayers and to improve their scope of application. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hybrid drill bit with a cone and a pick to solve the problem of early failure caused by broken teeth and broken blades when the existing pick-type drill bit is operated in extremely soft or soft formations with some hard interlayers and hard rocks.
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0006] The hybrid drill bit of cone and pick is characterized in that two pick blades are symmetrically distributed on the drill bit body, each pick blade is equipped with a pick, the picks on the two pick blades are staggered in the diameter direction, the two cone palms are symmetrically arranged, the cone palm includes a tooth palm and a cone located thereon, the tooth palm is connected to the drill bit body, the circumferential cutting trajectory of the cone carbide teeth on the cone coincides with the cutting trajectory of the pick on the pick blade, and on the same cutting ring, the tooth top profile formed by the pick tooth top is parallel to the tooth top profile formed by the cone carbide teeth, and the tooth top profile of the cone carbide teeth is higher than the tooth top profile of the pick.
[0007] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned cone and pick hybrid drill bit, the pick is installed on the pick blade through the pick installation hole.
[0008] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned cone and pick hybrid drill bit, the connection between the tooth palm and the drill bit body is welded or bolted.
[0009] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned cone and pick hybrid drill bit, the tooth palm is vertically provided with a bolt adjustment hole, the drill bit body is provided with a tooth palm connecting groove for positioning the tooth palm, and the tooth palm is connected to the drill bit body by bolts.
[0010] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned cone and pick hybrid drill bit, a cone avoidance groove is processed on the drill bit body to avoid interference between the cone and the drill bit body.
[0011] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned cone and pick hybrid drill bit, the tooth top profile of the cemented carbide teeth of the cone is 1 to 3 mm higher than the tooth top profile of the pick.
[0012] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned cone and pick hybrid drill bit, the back of each pick blade and the back of the palm of the tooth are inlaid with palm-back cemented carbide teeth.
[0013] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned cone and pick hybrid drill bit, a central jet hole and a side jet hole are provided on the drill bit body, the central jet hole forms an angle with the center line of the drill bit body; and the side jet hole is located between the cone and the pick blade.
[0014] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned cone and pick hybrid drill bit, the cemented carbide teeth of the cone are spoon-shaped, wedge-shaped, cone-ball, double-ball or ball-headed.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant advantages and beneficial effects, which are specifically embodied in the following aspects:
[0016] The present invention effectively solves the problem of broken teeth and blades when the pick-type drill bit encounters hard rock. The pick blades are equipped with a corresponding number of picks, and the pick blades and the cones are spaced in pairs to achieve better rock breaking effect and force balance; the picks on the two pick blades are staggered in diameter to form a relatively complete bottom hole coverage; the cone part first contacts the formation, and the carbide teeth pre-crush the rock, especially the hard rock, to produce microcracks or broken pits in the rock. The picks then contact the formation to scrape the pre-crushed rock to completely cut the rock. The application range of the drill bit is significantly improved, and the footage and drilling efficiency are improved; at the same time, the cutting parts are all replaceable parts, which greatly reduces the overall cost of the drill bit.
[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by practicing the specific embodiments of the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0019] Figure 1 : An axonometric schematic diagram of the drill bit of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 2 : Another isometric schematic diagram of the drill bit of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the gear palm;
[0022] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the drill body;
[0023] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the connection between the tooth palm and the drill body;
[0024] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the decomposition of the tooth palm and the drill body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present invention, directional terms and order terms are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0027] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a roller and pick hybrid drill bit comprises a drill bit body 1, a pick blade wing 2 and a roller palm piece 6. The pick blade wing and the roller are arranged in pairs at intervals. Two pick blade wings 2 are symmetrically distributed on the drill bit body 1. Each pick blade wing is equipped with a plurality of picks 3. The picks 3 are fixedly mounted on the pick blade wing 2 through the pick mounting holes. The picks on the two pick blades are staggered in the diameter direction to form a relatively complete bottom hole coverage. The two roller palm pieces 6 are symmetrically arranged. The roller palm piece 6 comprises a tooth palm 4 and a roller 5 located thereon. The tooth palm 4 and the roller 5 are fixedly mounted on the roller wing 2. The drill bit body 1 is connected, and the carbide teeth 7 on the cutter 1 adopt different tooth shapes such as spoon-shaped, wedge-shaped, cone ball, double ball, ball head (applicable to different formations from soft to hard) to adapt to different formations. The circumferential cutting trajectory of the carbide teeth 7 coincides with the cutting trajectory of the pick 3 on the pick blade. On the same cutting ring, the top profile formed by the top of the pick 3 is parallel to the top profile formed by the carbide teeth 7, both of which are a smooth curve. The top profile of the carbide teeth 7 is 1 to 3 mm higher than the top profile of the pick 3. The drill bit body 1 is processed with a cutter avoidance groove 12 to avoid interference between the cutter 5 and the drill bit body 1. A number of palm back carbide teeth 8 are inlaid on the back of each pick blade 2 and the palm back of the tooth palm 4.
[0028] like Figure 2 The drill bit body 1 is provided with a central jet hole 9 and a side jet hole 10. The compressed air from the drill pipe to the drill bit slurry hole is sprayed to the bottom of the hole through the jet hole, which has the effect of cleaning the rock debris at the bottom of the hole. The central jet hole 9 forms an angle with the center line of the drill bit body 1. The jet position is located near the center of the bottom of the hole. There is one jet hole. During the jet process, a ring belt will be formed, which effectively prevents the formation of a rock column in the center of the drill bit; the side jet hole 10 is located between the cone 5 and the pick blade 2. The jet position is located near the bottom of the hole and the hole wall. There are four side jet holes. While cleaning the rock debris at the bottom of the hole, it also serves the purpose of cleaning the cone 5 and the pick 3 to prevent the formation of mud bags.
[0029] like Figures 5-6 The connection between the tooth palm 4 and the drill bit body 1 is welding or bolt connection. When bolt connection is used, it is designed as a height adjustable structure. The tooth palm 4 is provided with a bolt adjustment hole 15 along the vertical direction of the back of the tooth palm, and the drill bit body 1 is provided with a tooth palm connection groove 13 for positioning the tooth palm 4. The tooth palm 4 is connected to the drill bit body 1 by a bolt 14, and the bolt 14 is screwed into the threaded hole of the drill bit body 1. When the proportion of hard formations in the stratum is high, the height of the tooth palm can be adjusted higher along the V direction, and when the proportion of hard formations is low, the height of the tooth palm can be adjusted lower along the V direction.
[0030] The cutting part of the drill bit consists of two pick blades equipped with a certain number of picks and two cones. The parts used for cutting are picks and cone carbide teeth; the pick blades are equipped with a corresponding number of picks, and the pick blades and cones are distributed in pairs at intervals to achieve better rock breaking effect and force balance. The picks on the two pick blades are staggered in diameter to form a relatively complete bottom hole coverage. The picks on the pick blades are detachable mounting structures, and the cone palm can also be a detachable mounting structure. During use, when the drill bit body has not been completely damaged, the damaged cutting parts (single pick or cone palm) can be replaced to save the overall cost of the drill bit. The connection between the cone palm and the drill bit body can be set to welding and bolted connection. The welding type has better bonding strength, and the bolted connection can achieve quick replacement.
[0031] During specific operation, the cone 5 first contacts the stratum, and the cone carbide teeth 7 pre-crush the rock, especially the hard rock, so that the rock has micro cracks or crushing pits; the pick 3 then contacts the stratum and scrapes the pre-crushed rock to completely crush the rock. A certain number of palm back carbide teeth 8 are embedded on the back of each pick blade wing 2 and the back of the palm 4, which play a role in protecting the pick blade and the back of the palm, and at the same time assist in maintaining the diameter.
[0032] In summary, the present invention effectively solves the problem of broken teeth and blades when the pick-type drill bit encounters hard rock. The pick blades are equipped with a corresponding number of picks, and the pick blades and the cones are spaced in pairs to achieve better rock breaking effect and force balance; the picks on the two pick blades are staggered in diameter to form a relatively complete bottom hole coverage; the cone part first contacts the formation, and the carbide teeth pre-crush the rock, especially the hard rock, to produce microcracks or broken pits in the rock. The pick then contacts the formation and scrapes the pre-crushed rock to completely cut the rock. The application range of the drill bit is significantly improved, and the footage and drilling efficiency are increased; at the same time, the cutting parts are all replaceable parts, which greatly reduces the overall cost of the drill bit.
[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.
[0034] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
[0035] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.
Claims
1. A hybrid drill bit with cones and picks, characterized by: Two pick blades (2) are symmetrically distributed on a drill bit body (1), each pick blade is equipped with a pick (3), the picks on the two pick blades are staggered in the diameter direction, two cone palms (6) are symmetrically arranged, the cone palm (6) comprises a tooth palm (4) and a cone (5) located thereon, the tooth palm (4) is connected to the drill bit body (1), the circumferential cutting trajectory of the cone carbide teeth (7) on the cone (1) coincides with the cutting trajectory of the pick (3) on the pick blade, and on the same cutting ring, the tooth top profile formed by the tooth top of the pick (3) is parallel to the tooth top profile formed by the cone carbide teeth (7), and the tooth top profile of the cone carbide teeth (7) is higher than the tooth top profile of the pick (3).
2. The cone-cutting tooth hybrid drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pick (3) is mounted on the pick blade (2) through the pick mounting hole.
3. The cone-cutting tooth hybrid drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the tooth palm (4) and the drill bit body (1) is a welding type or a bolt connection type.
4. The cone-cutting tooth hybrid drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tooth palm (4) is provided with a bolt adjustment hole (15) in the vertical direction, and the drill head body (1) is provided with a tooth palm connecting groove (13) for positioning the tooth palm (4), and the tooth palm (4) is connected to the drill head body (1) via a bolt (14).
5. The cone-cutting tooth hybrid drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cone avoidance groove (12) is machined on the drill bit body (1) to prevent the cone (5) from interfering with the drill bit body (1).
6. The cone-cutting tooth hybrid drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth top profile of the hard alloy tooth (7) of the gear is 1 to 3 mm higher than the tooth top profile of the pick (3).
7. The cone-cutting tooth hybrid drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back of each pick blade (2) and the back of the palm of the tooth palm (4) are both inlaid with palm back hard alloy teeth (8).
8. The cone-cutting tooth hybrid drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A central jet hole (9) and a side jet hole (10) are provided on the drill bit body (1), wherein the central jet hole (9) forms an angle with the center line of the drill bit body (1); and the side jet hole (10) is located between the cone (5) and the pick blade (2).
9. The cone-cutting tooth hybrid drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hard alloy teeth (7) of the gear are spoon-shaped, wedge-shaped, cone-shaped, double-ball-shaped or ball-head-shaped.