Rotary type flange yielding joint for rapid construction of concrete filled steel tube lagging jack

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete-filled steel tube supporting, in particular to a rotary flange yielding joint for rapid construction of a concrete-filled steel tube lagging jack, which comprises flange plates which are symmetrically arranged and detachably connected, and U-shaped steel fixedly connected with a connecting section of concrete-filled steel tubes is arranged at the ends, deviating from each other, of the two flange plates respectively. The bottoms of the two pieces of U-shaped steel are connected through a rotating assembly, the rotating assembly is used for driving the two pieces of U-shaped steel to get close to each other or get away from each other, and the pre-connection section, away from one end of the U-shaped steel, of the concrete filled steel tube is provided with a yielding assembly used for achieving the yielding supporting effect. The concrete filled steel tube and the yielding assembly can be protected from being damaged; mechanized construction can be achieved through the rotating assembly; the construction efficiency of tunnel supporting is effectively improved, the construction period is shortened, high-strength construction and installation of a large number of workers are avoided, safety is guaranteed, and the construction cost and the labor intensity are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of steel tube concrete support, and in particular to a rotary flange pressure relief node used for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch frame. Background Art

[0002] At present, the solution of steel tube concrete support is adopted for the construction of tunnels with high stress surrounding rocks. On the one hand, steel tube concrete generally adopts traditional flange plate node connection, which requires a large number of manual on-site installation and connection of steel tube concrete. There are safety issues for workers working in unsupported underground spaces and the quality of node connection cannot be guaranteed. The labor intensity of manual installation is high and the labor efficiency is low, the progress is slow, and it cannot cooperate with the mechanized construction in other construction stages, which seriously affects the construction efficiency. On the other hand, for tunnels with high stress surrounding rocks and tunnels with poor geology, traditional support adopts rigid support with small deformation, while the rock mass is prone to large deformation, and the support scheme that allows small deformation of surrounding rocks is not feasible. The method cannot fully release the surrounding rock pressure, which can easily lead to the destruction of steel tube concrete and the loss of bearing capacity. It requires repeated support until the deformation is stable, resulting in a long construction period, low construction efficiency and high cost. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rotating flange pressure relief node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch frame, which can not only effectively reduce the labor intensity of manual installation work, effectively improve the construction safety and installation efficiency, and speed up the installation progress; it can also fully release the surrounding rock pressure, effectively avoid the construction problem that the steel tube concrete support is damaged due to excessive surrounding rock pressure and multiple repeated supports are required, shortening the construction period and saving construction costs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary flange pressure relief node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch frame, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: a rotating flange pressure-relieving node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch frame, comprising symmetrically arranged and detachably connected flange plates, two ends of the flange plates facing away from each other are respectively provided with U-shaped steels fixedly connected to the connecting section of the steel tube concrete, the bottoms of the two U-shaped steels are connected by a rotating assembly, and the rotating assembly is used to drive the two U-shaped steels to approach or move away from each other, and the pre-connected section of the steel tube concrete away from the U-shaped steel is provided with a pressure-relieving assembly for playing a pressure-relieving support role.

[0005] Preferably, the two oppositely disposed flange plates are connected via a plurality of second bolts.

[0006] Preferably, one end of the U-shaped steel facing the flange plate is fixedly connected to the flange plate.

[0007] Preferably, two ends of the U-shaped steel opening are respectively fixedly connected with connecting plates, and the connecting plates are detachably connected to the rotating assembly through a plurality of first bolts.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating assembly comprises an inner rotating member and an outer rotating member, and the two longitudinal plates of the inner rotating member and the two longitudinal plates of the outer rotating member are rotatably connected at one end close to each other, and the ends away from each other are respectively fixedly connected with cover plates.

[0009] Preferably, the cover plate is connected to the connecting plate via a plurality of the first bolts.

[0010] Preferably, the ends of the two longitudinal plates that are close to each other are arranged in the form of a hollow arc.

[0011] Preferably, the spacing between the two longitudinal plates of the inner rotating member is smaller than the spacing between the two longitudinal plates of the outer rotating member, and an inner transverse plate is fixedly connected between the two longitudinal plates of the inner rotating member and between the two longitudinal plates of the outer rotating member, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, ends of the two longitudinal plates of the outer rotating member which face away from each other are respectively fixedly connected to outer transverse plates, and the outer transverse plates are fixedly connected to the cover plate.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure-releasing assembly includes symmetrically arranged connecting steel plates, a vertical resistance-limiting steel plate is symmetrically and fixedly connected between the two connecting steel plates, and the connecting steel plate close to the steel tube concrete pre-connecting section is fixedly connected to the steel tube concrete pre-connecting section.

[0014] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0015] 1. The present invention utilizes flange plates for connection, has a simple structure, is convenient and quick to construct, ensures construction quality, and reduces construction difficulty.

[0016] 2. The present invention provides a pressure-releasing device in the pre-connection section of the steel tube concrete. The yield deformation capacity of the pressure-releasing device allows the surrounding rock to fully release the internal pressure, and the post-peak residual bearing capacity is utilized to achieve the effect of pressure-releasing support.

[0017] 3. The present invention can not only protect the steel tube concrete and the pressure-relieving assembly from damage by installing a rotating assembly at the bottom of the U-shaped steel; it can also realize mechanized construction through the rotating assembly, avoiding the construction problem of repeated support due to the destruction of the steel tube concrete support caused by excessive surrounding rock pressure; the present invention effectively improves the construction efficiency of tunnel support, shortens the construction period, avoids high-intensity construction and installation by a large number of workers, ensures safety, and reduces construction costs and labor intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention when it is not connected;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the structure after connection of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after connection when viewed from above;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the U-shaped steel structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure-yielding assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Among them, 1. Steel tube concrete; 2. Cover plate; 3. Flange plate; 4. Longitudinal plate; 5. Outer horizontal plate; 6. Inner horizontal plate; 7. Rotating pin; 8. Pin sleeve; 9. First nut; 10. First bolt; 11. First bolt hole; 12. U-shaped steel; 13. Pin hole; 14. Connecting steel plate; 15. Vertical resistance limiting steel plate; 16. Second bolt; 17. Second bolt hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The possible implementation schemes found in the art are:

[0027] The patent with the patent announcement number CN102852534A discloses a quantitative pressure-releasing node suitable for supporting arch frames of underground projects, including arch frames, quantitative pressure-releasing devices, sleeves and retaining rings. The quantitative pressure-releasing devices are installed between the ends of two sections of arch frames, and the two ends are connected by sleeves, and the retaining rings are located on the lower side of the sleeves. The quantitative pressure-releasing device is an I-shaped structure with two concave sides. The material of the quantitative pressure-releasing device is a metal material, or a polymer material. The quantitative pressure-releasing device is processed according to the design requirements. When the arch frame is subjected to a certain limit, the quantitative pressure-releasing device can achieve pressure-releasing through its own deformation, and has a specific pressure-releasing point and pressure-releasing amount. It can also be processed into pressure-releasing devices with different pressure-releasing points and pressure-releasing amounts according to needs, and selected according to needs when used. The quantitative pressure-releasing device has a specific load-displacement curve form when under pressure, and is a constant resistance pressure-releasing form in which the deformation continues and the load remains unchanged when the pressure reaches a certain level, or a resistance-enhanced pressure-releasing form in which the deformation and load increase slowly synchronously, or a plurality of pressure-releasing forms in stages. The overall shape of the casing is arc or straight column. The cross-sectional shape of the casing is circular or square. The inner space of the casing can just fit into the end of the arch frame and the quantitative pressure relief device. When the casing slides downward, it can slide to the position of the retaining ring at most. The casing has a reasonable length and is fixed to a suitable position by a retaining ring to ensure that the quantitative pressure relief node has sufficient bending stiffness. The overall appearance of the quantitative pressure relief node is arc or straight column, and the cross-sectional shape is circular. The quantitative pressure relief node is installed at the arch shoulder, arch top, lane side or bottom plate of the arch frame, or at the node position where quantitative pressure relief is required according to the specific situation. The patent has the following significant advantages: ① Simple structure, convenient and flexible installation, only composed of three simple main components: quantitative pressure relief device, casing and retaining ring, simple and flexible assembly, easy to operate; ② The pressure relief timing and pressure relief amount are controllable, with a variety of pressure relief modes to choose from, and quantitative pressure relief devices with different pressure relief modes, pressure relief points and pressure relief amounts can be selected according to the needs of specific projects. The pressure relief modes include constant resistance pressure relief, resistance enhanced pressure relief and staged pressure relief; ③ Widely applicable, for various shapes, sizes, cross-sectional forms, and curvatures of support arch frames, such as U-shaped steel arch frames for mining, circular steel tube concrete arch frames of various cross-sectional forms and sizes, etc., the quantitative pressure relief node can be selected, and its processing size can be adjusted. This patent is applicable to the realization of pressure relief nodes for arch support of various underground projects such as tunnels, tunnels and chamber groups, such as U-shaped steel arch frames for mining, steel tube concrete arch frames of various cross-sectional forms, etc., the quantitative pressure relief node can be selected to realize the quantitative pressure relief of the arch frame.

[0028] The patent with the patent announcement number CN107780951A discloses a high-stress soft rock large deformation initial support system, including a multi-ring H-shaped steel arch frame arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction, and the two longitudinal steel arch frames are connected by longitudinal connecting steel bars or channel steels, and the single steel arch frame is circumferentially divided into multiple segments, and the nodes are connected by socket-type steel arch frame joints; a longitudinal groove is left in the initial support sprayed concrete layer between the corresponding nodes of the two adjacent steel arch frames, and a compressible steel pipe is arranged in the longitudinal groove. The socket-type steel arch frame joint includes a U-shaped base and two convex columns symmetrically arranged in the U-shaped base, and the gap between the two convex columns and the U-shaped base forms an H-shaped slot; the adjacent segments of the single steel arch frame are connected by a socket-type steel arch frame joint, and the H-shaped steel on one side is welded and fixed to the bottom plate of the U-shaped base, and the H-shaped steel on the other side is inserted into the H-shaped slot of the U-shaped base. The bolt groove on the steel arch frame joint is arranged on the side plate of the U-shaped base of the socket-type steel arch frame joint. A single steel arch frame is divided into six segments in the annular direction, and the nodes are located at the steps on the arch crown, the arch shoulders on both sides, and the arch haunches on both sides. The axial direction of the compressible steel pipe in the longitudinal groove is perpendicular to the tunnel axis, and the axial length is equal to the thickness of the initial support. The compressible steel pipe is arranged in 1-3 rows, and steel plates are arranged on both sides of the axial direction and fixed by welding; 2-3 rows of compressible steel pipes are arranged at the arch haunch, and 1-2 rows of compressible steel pipes are arranged at the arch crown and arch shoulders. The steel plate on the outermost side of the compressible steel pipe is fixed to the socket-type steel arch frame joint by welding.

[0029] This patent uses the steel pipes implanted in the initial support system to provide resistance and also to release part of the ground stress by compressing and deforming under high ground stress, thus achieving resistance and yielding at the same time, and is low-cost, safe, efficient, and convenient for construction. This patent solves the problem of only having retractable joints, which causes the sprayed concrete layer to be unable to adapt to deformation and crack and fall off. In this patent, single steel arch frames are connected by socket joints, so that the H-shaped steel arch frame can have a certain amount of deformation and a large rigidity, providing a strong support system. On the one hand, the joint makes the steel arch frame retractable, which can achieve stress release and reduce the load on the lining; on the other hand, compared with bolt connections, the socket joint makes the connection between the upper and lower sections of the steel frame overlap, which has better integrity, is convenient for installation, and can effectively improve the distortion phenomenon at the joint. The patent dynamically adjusts the size, number of layers, number of roots, number of preset longitudinal grooves, number of steel frame joints and other parameters of the steel pipe according to the required resistance and deformation, so that the initial support system can adapt to a larger deformation and the surrounding rock can release more energy. The patent also has a "soil retaining" effect by implanting steel pipes in the longitudinal grooves, which can effectively prevent the surrounding rock from squeezing out of the preset longitudinal grooves when the lining is deformed.

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 The present invention provides a rotating flange pressure-relieving node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch frame, including symmetrically arranged and detachably connected flange plates 3, two ends of the flange plates 3 facing away from each other are respectively provided with U-shaped steels 12 fixedly connected to the connecting section of the steel tube concrete 1, the bottoms of the two U-shaped steels 12 are connected by a rotating component, and the rotating component is used to drive the two U-shaped steels 12 to move closer to or away from each other, and the pre-connected section of the steel tube concrete 1 away from the U-shaped steel 12 is provided with a pressure-relieving component for playing a pressure-relieving support role.

[0033] There are several steel tube concrete 1, which are arranged in an arc shape along the inner wall of the tunnel, and the compression assembly is arranged at the ends of the two outermost steel tube concrete 1. The opposite ends of two adjacent steel tube concrete 1 are the connection sections, and the ends of the two outermost steel tube concrete 1 away from the adjacent steel tube concrete 1 are the pre-connection sections.

[0034] Steel tube concrete 1 is a structural member formed by filling concrete in a steel tube. The steel tube and its core concrete can jointly bear the external load. This structural form combines the advantages of high compressive strength of concrete and strong bending resistance of steel, making the concrete in a lateral compression state, and its compressive strength can be doubled, while increasing the rigidity of the steel tube and greatly improving the bearing capacity.

[0035] According to the different cross-sectional forms, steel tube concrete can be divided into circular steel tube concrete, square steel tube concrete, rectangular steel tube concrete and polygonal steel tube concrete.

[0036] Steel tube concrete 1 has high bearing capacity and good ductility, and excellent seismic performance: the restraining effect of the steel tube on the concrete inside it puts the concrete in a three-dimensional compressive state, which improves the compressive strength of the concrete; the concrete inside the steel tube can effectively prevent the steel tube from local buckling. The bearing capacity of the steel tube concrete column is higher than the sum of the corresponding steel tube column bearing capacity and the concrete column bearing capacity. The interaction between the steel tube and the concrete changes the destruction of the concrete inside the steel tube from brittle destruction to plastic destruction, significantly improves the ductility of the component, greatly improves the energy dissipation capacity, and has excellent seismic performance.

[0037] During the construction of steel tube concrete 1 structure, the steel tube can be used as a rigid skeleton to bear the construction load and structural weight during the construction phase, and the construction is not affected by the concrete curing time; since there is no steel bar inside the steel tube concrete 1, it is convenient for pouring and compacting the concrete; during the construction of steel tube concrete 1 structure, no formwork is required, which saves the material and labor costs of supporting and dismantling the formwork, and also saves time.

[0038] Since the steel pipe is filled with concrete, it can absorb a lot of heat energy. Therefore, the temperature field distribution of the pipe column section is very uneven when it is exposed to fire, which increases the fire resistance time of the column, slows down the heating rate of the steel column, and once the steel column yields, the concrete can bear most of the axial load to prevent the structure from collapsing. The fire resistance of the composite beam will also be improved because the temperature of the steel beam will be reduced by transferring heat from the top flange to the concrete.

[0039] Pouring concrete into steel pipes reduces the exposed area of ​​the steel pipes, and the area exposed to corrosion by external gases is much smaller than that of steel structures. The cost of corrosion resistance and anti-corrosion is also saved compared to steel structures.

[0040] The flange plate 3 can be replaced with other connection modes.

[0041] The present invention utilizes the flange plate 3 for connection, has a simple structure, is convenient and quick to construct, ensures construction quality, and reduces construction difficulty.

[0042] The present invention provides a pressure-releasing device in the pre-connection section of the steel tube concrete 1. The yield deformation capacity of the pressure-releasing device allows the surrounding rock to fully release the internal pressure, and the post-peak residual bearing capacity is used to achieve the effect of pressure-releasing support.

[0043] The present invention can not only protect the steel tube concrete 1 and the pressure-releasing component from damage by installing a rotating component at the bottom of the U-shaped steel 12; it can also realize mechanized construction through the rotating component, avoiding the construction problem that the support of the steel tube concrete 1 is damaged due to excessive surrounding rock pressure and requires repeated support. The present invention effectively improves the construction efficiency of tunnel support, shortens the construction period, avoids high-intensity construction and installation by a large number of workers, ensures safety, and reduces construction costs and labor intensity.

[0044] In a further optimized solution, two oppositely disposed flange plates 3 are connected by a plurality of second bolts 16. The second bolts 16 are threadedly connected with second nuts, and a plurality of second bolt holes 17 are provided on the two flange plates 3. The second bolt holes 17 on the two flange plates 3 are arranged one by one, and a plurality of second bolts 16 are passed through the two oppositely disposed second bolt holes 17, and the second nuts are tightened on the second bolts 16, so that the two flange plates 3 are tightly connected.

[0045] In a further optimized solution, one end of the U-shaped steel 12 facing the flange plate 3 is fixedly connected to the flange plate 3. The U-shaped steel 12 and the flange plate 3 are welded so that the U-shaped steel 12 and the flange plate 3 can be effectively connected.

[0046] In a further optimized solution, connecting plates are fixedly connected to both ends of the opening of the U-shaped steel 12, and the connecting plates are detachably connected to the rotating assembly through a plurality of first bolts 10. The rotating assembly can be effectively installed on the opening side of the U-shaped steel 12 through a plurality of first bolts 10.

[0047] According to a further optimized solution, the rotating assembly includes an inner rotating member and an outer rotating member, wherein the two longitudinal plates 4 of the inner rotating member and the two longitudinal plates 4 of the outer rotating member are rotationally connected at one end close to each other, and the ends away from each other are fixedly connected with a cover plate 2 respectively.

[0048] A pin hole 13 is respectively provided on one end of the two longitudinal plates 4 of the inner rotating part and the two longitudinal plates 4 of the outer rotating part which are close to each other. All the pin holes 13 are on the same central axis. A rotating pin 7 is rotatably connected in the pin hole 13. A pin sleeve 8 is provided between the two longitudinal plates 4 of the inner rotating part. The pin sleeve 8 is sleeved on the rotating pin 7. The pin sleeve 8 can protect and position the rotating pin 7.

[0049] Pins are a type of standardized fasteners, mainly used at the hinge of two parts to form a hinge connection. Pins are usually locked with cotter pins, which are reliable and easy to disassemble. The international standard for pins is ISO2341:1986, and the domestic standard is GB / T882-2008.

[0050] Common materials for pins:

[0051] No. 45 steel: It is cheap and can obtain better cutting performance after quenching and tempering (or normalizing), and can obtain comprehensive mechanical properties such as higher strength and toughness. The surface hardness can reach 45-52HRC after quenching.

[0052] 40Cr: It is cheap and can obtain better cutting performance after quenching and tempering (or normalizing), and can obtain comprehensive mechanical properties such as higher strength and toughness. The surface hardness can reach 45-52HRC after quenching.

[0053] 30CrMnTi: It has higher strength and hardenability than 20CrMnTi steel, but slightly lower impact toughness. It is mainly used as carburizing steel. After carburizing, it can be cooled and directly quenched. It has high bending strength and good wear resistance.

[0054] 35CrMnSi: After heat treatment, it has good comprehensive mechanical properties, high strength, sufficient toughness, hardenability, weldability, and good processing formability, but its corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance are low. It is used after low-temperature tempering or isothermal quenching.

[0055] The pin sleeve 8 is usually used to fix the pin to prevent its axial movement and radial rotation. In some mechanical devices, the pin sleeve 8 is used in conjunction with parts such as the pin, end cover, flange, and pressure plate to form a pin fixing device.

[0056] Further optimizing the scheme, the cover plate 2 is connected to the connecting plate through a plurality of first bolts 10. The first bolts 10 are threadedly connected with the first nuts 9, and the cover plate 2 and the connecting plate are respectively provided with first bolt holes 11, and the first bolt holes 11 provided on the cover plate 2 and the connecting plate are arranged one by one. By passing a plurality of first bolts 10 through the first bolt holes 11 and tightening the first nuts 9 on the first bolts 10, it is convenient to connect the cover plate 2 with the connecting plate, so that the U-shaped steel 12 and the cover plate 2 can effectively cover the outside of the connecting section of the steel tube concrete 1, thereby protecting the steel tube concrete 1 and driving the steel tube concrete 1 to rotate.

[0057] In a further optimized solution, the ends of the two longitudinal plates 4 close to each other are arranged in a hollow arc. The hollow arc can reserve a rotation space so that the two flange plates 3 can rotate in the hollow arc.

[0058] In a further optimized solution, the spacing between the two longitudinal plates 4 of the inner rotating member is smaller than the spacing between the two longitudinal plates 4 of the outer rotating member, and the inner transverse plates 6 are respectively fixedly connected between the two longitudinal plates 4 of the inner rotating member and the two longitudinal plates 4 of the outer rotating member. The inner transverse plates 6 can play a role in fixing and connecting the longitudinal plates 4.

[0059] In a further optimized solution, the ends of the two longitudinal plates 4 of the outer rotating member facing away from each other are respectively fixedly connected with the outer transverse plates 5, and the outer transverse plates 5 are fixedly connected to the cover plate 2. The two outer transverse plates 5 are symmetrically arranged, and the two outer transverse plates 5 can play the role of fixing and connecting the longitudinal plates 4.

[0060] The inner transverse plate 6 and the outer transverse plate 5 are staggered, which effectively improves the strength of the longitudinal plate 4 .

[0061] A further optimized solution is to allow the compression assembly to include symmetrically arranged connecting steel plates 14, with a vertical resistance limiting steel plate 15 symmetrically and fixedly connected between the two connecting steel plates 14, and the connecting steel plate 14 close to the pre-connecting section of the steel tube concrete 1 is fixedly connected to the pre-connecting section of the steel tube concrete 1.

[0062] Through the plastic deformation of the vertical limiting steel plate 15, the internal pressure of the surrounding rock can be fully released, so that the surrounding rock pressure is less than the overall bearing capacity. When the two connecting steel plates 14 overlap, the support effect can be exerted again to achieve overall pressure-relieving support.

[0063] Bolts and nuts are commonly used fasteners in mechanical connections. They are usually used together, with the bolt passing through the parts to be connected and the nut tightened on the other side to fix the parts together through the cooperation of the threads.

[0064] Bolts are fasteners with external threads, usually consisting of a head and a screw. The head can be hexagonal, square or other shapes to facilitate tightening with tools. Nuts are fasteners with internal threads, usually hexagonal, with the threads of the inner hole matching the external threads of the bolt. They are used to tighten on the bolt to fix and connect.

[0065] There are many types of bolts and nuts, which can be divided into many types according to different standards and uses. For example, according to different materials, bolts and nuts can be divided into several types such as carbon steel, stainless steel, non-ferrous metals (such as copper), etc. According to different standards, bolts and nuts can be divided into national standards, German standards, international standards, Japanese standards, American standards, etc.

[0066] Bolts and nuts are widely used in various machinery manufacturing, construction, electrical appliances and other industries to fasten and connect different parts. For example, in machinery manufacturing, bolts and nuts are used to connect various parts of the machine to ensure that they will not loosen during operation; in the construction industry, bolts and nuts are used to fix steel structures, install doors and windows, etc.; in the electrical industry, bolts and nuts are used to fix electrical components and equipment.

[0067] When selecting bolts and nuts, multiple factors need to be considered, including the required strength, material, size, standard, etc. For example, bolts and nuts of different strength grades can be selected according to the required load-bearing capacity and working environment; bolts and nuts that meet local standards can be selected according to the country or region of use; bolts and nuts of different materials (such as carbon steel, stainless steel, etc.) can be selected according to specific application scenarios to meet special requirements such as corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance.

[0068] In order to ensure the reliability of the connection between bolts and nuts, regular inspection and maintenance are required. This includes checking whether the threads are worn, whether the bolts are deformed, whether the nuts are loose, etc., and replacing or retightening them as needed. In some important occasions, some anti-loosening measures are also taken, such as using locking nuts and adding anti-loosening washers, etc., to ensure the reliability of nut locking.

[0069] Working process:

[0070] Several steel tube concrete blocks 1 are manufactured according to the curvature of the inner wall of the tunnel. The curvature of the steel tube concrete blocks 1 matches the curvature of the inner wall of the tunnel. Two steel tube concrete blocks 1 equipped with pressure-releasing components are respectively arranged at both ends.

[0071] During construction and installation, mechanical equipment is used to push the steel tube concrete 1 on one side to rotate the steel tube concrete 1 around the rotating pin 7. After rotating until the two flange plates 3 are in contact with each other, the second bolts 16 and the second nuts are installed at the positions of the corresponding second bolt holes 17 of the flange plates 3 to fix them, and the mechanized installation and connection can be completed.

[0072] A method for using a common belt-set pressure-relief node for mechanized connection of steel tube concrete.

[0073] First, a number of steel tube concrete blocks 1 are made according to the curvature of the inner wall of the tunnel, and the curvature of the steel tube concrete blocks 1 is adapted to the curvature of the inner wall of the tunnel. Then, the rotating assembly is installed between two adjacent steel tube concrete blocks 1 through the flange plate 3. After all the rotating assemblies are installed, the pressure-releasing assembly is installed at one end of the steel tube concrete blocks 1 on the two sides away from the adjacent steel tube concrete blocks 1; then, the installation is carried out through mechanical equipment, and the steel tube concrete blocks 1 are hoisted by a number of cranes. Then, the steel tube concrete blocks 1 are rotated around the rotating pin 7 by a number of hydraulic equipment. After rotating until the two flange plates 3 are fitted, not only can all the steel tube concrete blocks 1 be tightly abutted against the inner wall of the tunnel, but also the two pressure-releasing assemblies can be tightly abutted against the ground of the tunnel. Then, the two adjacent flange plates 3 abutting against each other are connected by a number of second bolts 16 and a number of second nuts, so that the two flange plates 3 are tightly connected; the support of the inner wall of the tunnel can be completed.

[0074] The present invention provides a pressure-releasing device in the pre-connection section of the steel tube concrete 1. The yield deformation capacity of the pressure-releasing device can fully release the internal pressure of the surrounding rock. At the same time, the post-peak residual bearing capacity is utilized to achieve the effect of pressure-releasing support.

[0075] The present invention can not only protect the steel tube concrete 1 and the pressure-releasing component from damage by installing a rotating component at the bottom of the U-shaped steel 12; it can also realize mechanized construction through the rotating component, avoiding the construction problem that the support of the steel tube concrete 1 is damaged due to excessive surrounding rock pressure and requires repeated support. The present invention effectively improves the construction efficiency of tunnel support, shortens the construction period, avoids high-intensity construction and installation by a large number of workers, ensures safety, and reduces construction costs and labor intensity.

[0076] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0077] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary flange pressure node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch frame, characterized by: The invention comprises flange plates (3) which are symmetrically arranged and detachably connected, wherein the ends of the two flange plates (3) which are away from each other are respectively provided with U-shaped steels (12) which are fixedly connected to the connecting section of the steel tube concrete (1), the bottoms of the two U-shaped steels (12) are connected via a rotating assembly, and the rotating assembly is used to drive the two U-shaped steels (12) to move closer to or away from each other, and the pre-connected section of the end of the steel tube concrete (1) away from the U-shaped steel (12) is provided with a pressure-releasing assembly which is used to play a pressure-releasing support role.

2. The rotary flange pressure relief node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two flange plates (3) arranged opposite to each other are connected via a plurality of second bolts (16).

3. The rotary flange pressure relief node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the U-shaped steel (12) facing the flange plate (3) is fixedly connected to the flange plate (3).

4. The rotary flange pressure relief node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two ends of the opening of the U-shaped steel (12) are respectively fixedly connected with connecting plates, and the connecting plates are detachably connected to the rotating assembly via a plurality of first bolts (10).

5. The rotary flange pressure relief node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The rotating assembly comprises an inner rotating member and an outer rotating member, wherein the two longitudinal plates (4) of the inner rotating member and the two longitudinal plates (4) of the outer rotating member are rotatably connected at their ends close to each other, and the ends away from each other are respectively fixedly connected with cover plates (2).

6. The rotary flange pressure relief node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The cover plate (2) is connected to the connecting plate via a plurality of the first bolts (10).

7. The rotary flange pressure relief node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The ends of the two longitudinal plates (4) that are close to each other are arranged in the form of a hollow arc.

8. The rotary flange pressure relief node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The spacing between the two longitudinal plates (4) of the inner rotating member is smaller than the spacing between the two longitudinal plates (4) of the outer rotating member, and an inner transverse plate (6) is fixedly connected between the two longitudinal plates (4) of the inner rotating member and between the two longitudinal plates (4) of the outer rotating member.

9. The rotary flange pressure relief node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The ends of the two longitudinal plates (4) of the outer rotating member that are away from each other are respectively fixedly connected to outer transverse plates (5), and the outer transverse plates (5) are fixedly connected to the cover plate (2).

10. The rotary flange pressure relief node for rapid construction of steel tube concrete arch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-releasing assembly comprises symmetrically arranged connecting steel plates (14), a vertical resistance-limiting steel plate (15) is symmetrically and fixedly connected between two connecting steel plates (14), and the connecting steel plate (14) close to the pre-connecting section of the steel tube concrete (1) is fixedly connected to the pre-connecting section of the steel tube concrete (1).

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