Parallel construction method for deslagging operation and arch erecting operation in tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses a parallel construction method for deslagging operation and arching operation in a tunnel, which is characterized in that a rack for supporting each functional part is arranged in the tunnel, and an access channel matched with the deslagging operation is arranged below the rack or on at least one side of the rack; comprising the following steps that a deslagging mechanism conducts deslagging operation through an access channel; the vertical arch operation is carried out while the deslagging operation is carried out; according to the scheme, the vertical arch operation can be completed in time after tunneling is completed, the risk of construction of deslagging operators under an exposed rock stratum is reduced, and meanwhile, the problems that an existing construction method is low in efficiency and time for different vehicles to enter and exit is wasted are solved through vertical arch and deslagging parallel construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a parallel construction method for slag removal and arch erection in a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] The existing arch installation methods include traditional manual construction and construction using special equipment, and the manual construction method has been replaced by mechanization. Common arch erection special equipment on the market, such as the three-arm arch erection trolley, needs to use transportation equipment to transport the arch to be installed to a designated location for storage before installation. Then, three sections of the arch are grasped by three hydraulic arms respectively. Workers control the position of the hydraulic arms by remote control or on-board operation to put the three sections of the arch together. Workers then fix the three sections of the arch on the hanging basket of the hydraulic arm by bolts, welding, etc. The existing model has long been used for tunnel slag discharge, with loaders and excavators cooperating to discharge slag and dump trucks for transportation.

[0003] Since the operating radius of the three-arm arch erection trolley is too large, it is impossible to achieve parallel operations of arch erection and slag discharge. Therefore, the existing arch erection method requires that the slag be discharged first after the excavation is completed to make room for the three-arm arch erection trolley, and then the arch erection is completed. On the one hand, the rock strata cannot be supported in time, and the slag discharge operation is exposed to the exposed rock strata for a long time. Rocks without sufficient support are prone to fracture and collapse, posing a great safety risk. On the other hand, after the slag discharge operation equipment is completed, the construction period of the arch erection is relatively long, and the entry and exit of different vehicles during this period will generate a lot of non-operating time, and the construction efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a parallel construction method for slag removal and arch erection in a tunnel to address the above-mentioned shortcomings, thereby solving the problems in the prior art of low efficiency of arch erection and slag removal and waste of time for different vehicles entering and exiting the tunnel during tunnel upper track construction.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following scheme:

[0006] A method for parallel construction of slag discharge and arch erection in a tunnel, wherein a stand for supporting various functional components is arranged in the tunnel, and an inlet and outlet passage cooperating with the slag discharge is arranged under or on at least one side of the stand; the method comprises the following steps:

[0007] The slag discharge mechanism discharges slag through the inlet and outlet channels; the arch erection operation is carried out at the same time as the slag discharge operation.

[0008] The arch erection operation specifically includes arch frame transportation and arch frame installation operations. A transportation structure for transporting the arch frame and an arch erection structure for installing the arch frame are provided on the platform. The arch frame is transported from the side of the platform away from the tunnel face to the side close to the tunnel face, and the arch erection structure grabs the arch frame and installs it.

[0009] When transporting the arch frame, it is first necessary to lift the arch frame to the predetermined position through the lifting mechanism, and then transport it to the tunnel face with the assistance of a mechanical grab arm. After the transportation is completed, the vertical arch structure grabs the arch frame near the tunnel face and lifts it to the installation position for arch frame installation.

[0010] When transporting the arch frame, it is first necessary to lift the arch frame to the predetermined position through the lifting mechanism, and then automatically transport the arch frame through the automatic transmission support structure to complete the erection and transportation of the arch frame; after the transportation is completed, the vertical arch structure grabs the arch frame near the face and lifts it to the installation position to carry out the arch frame installation operation.

[0011] When transporting the arch frame, it is first necessary to lift the arch frame to the predetermined position through the lifting mechanism, and then move the supporting structure out of the range of the platform through the movable supporting structure to cooperate with the lifting mechanism to complete the erection and transportation of the arch frame; after the transportation is completed, the vertical arch structure grabs the arch frame near the face and lifts it to the installation position for arch frame installation.

[0012] During the slag discharge operation, the slag discharge mechanism is moved to the tunnel face by a loader, and the loader transports the slag generated by excavation to a place far away from the coverage of the stand through the access channel.

[0013] During the slag discharge operation, an arch erecting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the platform, and the arch erecting mechanism performs an arch erecting operation on the arch frame that has been transported to the platform; the slag discharge mechanism performs slag discharge operations from both sides of the platform.

[0014] During the slag discharge operation, the excavation operation is carried out on the left and right sides of the heading face through the excavation mechanism set at the front end of the platform. At this time, the slag discharge mechanism is the auxiliary digging arm and the conveying system set at the front end of the platform; the transport vehicle moves to the end of the conveying system, and the auxiliary digging arm pushes the slag generated by the excavation to the front end of the conveying system. The conveying system automatically transports the slag to the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle moves it out of the tunnel.

[0015] The conveying system discharges slag from the bottom of the platform; or discharges slag from at least one side of the platform; or discharges slag from the bottom of the platform first, and then passes through the platform to discharge slag from at least one side of the platform.

[0016] The material conveying system is a transport channel fixed on both sides of the platform. A conveyor belt is arranged at the bottom of the transport channel. The conveyor belt is driven by the power unit at the bottom. Under the action of the power unit, the slag will be continuously transported from the front end of the transport channel to the rear end, so that the slag is lifted to a predetermined height. At this time, the transport vehicle is arranged at the rear end of the transport channel. The lifted slag continuously falls into the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle transports the slag away from the tunnel from both sides of the platform.

[0017] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. This solution can complete the arch erection operation in time after the excavation is completed, reducing the risk of slag discharge workers working under exposed rock strata. At the same time, the parallel construction of arch erection and slag discharge solves the problem of low efficiency of existing construction methods and waste of time for different vehicles entering and leaving the site.

[0019] 2. In this scheme, the erection of the frame and the slag discharge are carried out in parallel. This innovative measure has brought extremely significant results. In the traditional construction mode, the erection of the frame and the slag discharge are often carried out one after another. This sequential operation method will cause frequent vehicle entry and exit and unreasonable time arrangement, which greatly wastes construction time. Through the parallel construction method, the two can be carried out at the same time, just like two parallel tracks, thus greatly improving the construction efficiency. The time originally used to wait for the slag discharge operation to be completed before the vehicle can enter and exit for the erection operation is saved, so that every minute is used efficiently. At the same time, the arch frame can be installed immediately after excavation, and the improvement of this link is also of great significance. In the new construction plan, the arch frame can be installed in place at the first time, so that the subsequent slag discharge operation is completely under the protection of the arch frame. Compared with the previous plan, the safety factor has been greatly improved. The previous plan may have many potential safety threats in the slag discharge process due to the untimely installation of the arch frame, such as the collapse of the surrounding rock may cause damage to the construction personnel and equipment, etc., but now these safety hazards have been effectively reduced.

[0020] Reference numerals

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the trolley and its upper components in Example 1;

[0022] Figure numerals: 1. Arch structure; 2. Entrance and exit passage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] All features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0024] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any additional claims and abstract), unless otherwise stated, may be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features having similar purposes. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a predetermined direction, be constructed and operated in a predetermined direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0026] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0029] A method for parallel construction of slag discharge and arch erection in a tunnel, wherein a stand for supporting various functional components is arranged in the tunnel, and an inlet and outlet passage 2 for cooperating with the slag discharge is arranged under or on at least one side of the stand; the method comprises the following steps:

[0030] The slag discharging mechanism performs slag discharging operation through the inlet and outlet channel 2; and performs arch erection operation simultaneously with the slag discharging operation.

[0031] This solution can greatly save tunnel construction time by carrying out slag discharge and arch erection operations simultaneously, avoid the waste of construction time and construction process caused by repeated entry and exit of different operation vehicles, and improve construction efficiency.

[0032] The arch erection operation specifically includes arch frame transportation and arch frame installation operations. A transport structure for transporting the arch frame and an arch erection structure 1 for installing the arch frame are provided on the platform. The arch frame is transported from the side of the platform away from the tunnel face to the side close to the tunnel face, and the arch erection structure 1 grabs the arch frame and installs it.

[0033] When transporting the arch frame, it is first necessary to lift the arch frame to the predetermined position through the lifting mechanism, and then transport it to the tunnel face with the assistance of the mechanical grab arm. After the transportation is completed, the vertical arch structure 1 grabs the arch frame near the tunnel face and lifts it to the installation position for arch frame installation.

[0034] In this scheme, it is first necessary to lift the arch frame to a predetermined position through a lifting mechanism, and then transport it to the face with the assistance of a mechanical grab arm. Specifically, a mechanical grab arm for grabbing the arch frame is provided on the gantry, and the mechanical grab arm can move along the length direction of the gantry. The arch frame is transported from outside the tunnel to the lifting mechanism of the gantry, and the lifting mechanisms on both sides of the gantry act synchronously to lift the arch frame to be transported. When it is lifted to the limit position, the mechanical grab arm is required to cooperate in transferring the arch frame. The mechanical grab arm clamps the arch frame from the lifting mechanism, and with the cooperation of the supporting sliding assembly on the gantry, moves it to a position close to the face and places it.

[0035] This solution realizes the handover of the arch frame by setting up a mechanical grab arm, which can make the articulation process safer and more reliable, and realizes the lifting of the arch frame through a lifting mechanism, which can reduce the complexity of the mechanical grab arm and reduce the difficulty of subsequent maintenance.

[0036] Another arch transportation plan implemented in this embodiment is: when the arch frame is transported, it is first necessary to lift the arch frame to the predetermined position through the lifting mechanism, and automatically transport the arch frame through the automatically transmitted supporting structure, and move the supporting structure out of the range of the platform to cooperate with the lifting height to complete the erection and transportation of the arch frame; after the transportation is completed, the vertical arch structure 1 grabs the arch frame near the face and lifts it to the installation position to install the arch frame.

[0037] Specifically, a mechanical grab arm for grabbing the arch frame and an automatic transmission support structure are provided on the platform. The mechanical grab arm can move along the length direction of the platform. The coverage range of the automatic transmission support structure is not less than the coverage range of the upper surface of the platform. After the mechanical grab arm places the arch frame on the automatic transmission support structure, the automatic transmission support structure can automatically transport the arch frame forward or backward and transfer the arch frame to the face, or automatically avoid other processes as needed.

[0038] This solution is carried out by setting up an automatic transmission support structure for handover. After the mechanical grab arm grabs the arch frame, it can be placed on the automatic transmission support structure. The automatic transmission support structure can automatically transport the arch frame, making the transportation operation of the arch frame more flexible and adaptable to complex tunnel construction environments.

[0039] Another arch transportation plan implemented in this embodiment is: when the arch frame is transported, it is first necessary to lift the arch frame to a predetermined position through a lifting mechanism, and then move the supporting structure out of the range of the platform through a movable supporting structure to cooperate with the lifting height to complete the erection and transportation of the arch frame; after the transportation is completed, the vertical arch structure 1 grabs the arch frame near the face and lifts it to the installation position to carry out the arch frame installation operation.

[0040] Specifically, an automatic transmission support structure is arranged on the platform, and a sliding structure is arranged at the bottom of the automatic transmission support structure. The automatic transmission support structure can be extended beyond the coverage range of the platform under the sliding action of the sliding structure; when the lifting mechanism lifts the arch frame to the extreme position, the automatic transmission support structure is slid out of the coverage range of the platform through the sliding structure, and the lifting mechanism moves downward to place the arch frame on the automatic transmission support structure to complete the handover of the arch frame, and the arch frame is transferred to the face through the sliding of the sliding structure and the transportation of the automatic transmission support structure.

[0041] This scheme uses an automatic transmission support structure for handover. A sliding structure is set below the automatic transmission support structure to move the automatic transmission support structure through the sliding structure. In this scheme, there is no need to set up a mechanical grab arm. The handover between the automatic transmission support structure and the lifting mechanism is achieved through the movement of the sliding structure, which greatly reduces the overall cost and the difficulty of later maintenance, making the entire handover process smoother and the process more streamlined. At the same time, it also makes the transportation operation of the arch frame more flexible and adaptable to the complex tunnel construction environment.

[0042] During the slag discharge operation, the slag discharge mechanism is moved to the tunnel face by a loader, and the loader transports the slag generated by the excavation to a place far away from the coverage of the stand through the access channel 2.

[0043] In this solution, the slag is transported from the bottom of the step or the passage on at least one side of the platform by a loading vehicle, and no additional mechanical coordination is required. The loading vehicle can shuttle and transport on its own, so that the slag removal operation can be carried out efficiently.

[0044] During the slag discharge operation, an arch erecting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the platform, and the arch erecting mechanism performs an arch erecting operation on the arch frame that has been transported to the platform; the slag discharge mechanism performs slag discharge operations from both sides of the platform.

[0045] During the slag discharge operation, the excavation operation is carried out on the left and right sides of the heading face through the excavation mechanism set at the front end of the platform. At this time, the slag discharge mechanism is the auxiliary digging arm and the conveying system set at the front end of the platform; the transport vehicle moves to the end of the conveying system, and the auxiliary digging arm pushes the slag generated by the excavation to the front end of the conveying system. The conveying system automatically transports the slag to the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle moves it out of the tunnel.

[0046] This solution uses another slag discharge mechanism to realize automatic slag discharge operations on both sides of the trolley, so that it can adapt to different construction environments. Since there is no need to set an inlet and outlet channel 2 at the bottom of the trolley, the trolley can be set smaller.

[0047] In this solution, the conveying system discharges slag from the bottom of the frame; or discharges slag from at least one side of the frame; or first discharges slag from the bottom of the frame and then passes through the frame to discharge slag from at least one side of the frame.

[0048] Since slag is easily accumulated at the bottom of the tunnel face, the conveying system can quickly collect the slag at the bottom of the frame. At the same time, in order to avoid interference with the rear parts of the frame, the conveying system is set to a "Z"-shaped structure that first discharges slag from the frame, then passes through the side position of the frame, and finally discharges slag from the side of the frame. This enables more efficient slag discharge operations.

[0049] During arch frame transportation, the material conveying system can be a transport channel fixed on both sides of the platform. The entire transport channel is an ascending structure, that is, the front end of the transport channel is set close to the ground, and the rear end of the transport channel is set at a certain height from the ground. A conveyor belt is set at the bottom of the transport channel, and the conveyor belt is driven by a hydraulic motor at the bottom. Under the action of the hydraulic motor, the slag will be continuously transported from the front end of the transport channel to the rear end, so that the slag is lifted to a certain height. At this time, the transport vehicle is set at the rear end of the transport channel, and the lifted slag continuously falls into the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle transports the slag away from the tunnel from both sides of the platform.

[0050] The entire transport channel presents an ascending structure, that is, the front end of the transport channel is arranged close to the ground, and the rear end of the transport channel is arranged at a certain height from the ground.

[0051] This solution uses another slag discharge mechanism to realize automatic slag discharge operations on both sides of the trolley, so that it can adapt to different construction environments. Since there is no need to set an inlet and outlet channel 2 at the bottom of the trolley, the trolley can be set smaller.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and arch erection in a tunnel, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: a frame for supporting various functional components is arranged in the tunnel, and an inlet and outlet passage for cooperating with the slag discharge operation is arranged under or on at least one side of the frame; The slag discharging mechanism performs slag discharging operation through the inlet and outlet channels; the arch erecting operation is performed simultaneously with the slag discharging operation.

2. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and arch erection in a tunnel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The arch erection operation specifically includes arch frame transportation and arch frame installation operations. A transportation structure for transporting the arch frame and an arch erection structure for installing the arch frame are provided on the platform. The arch frame is transported from the side of the platform away from the tunnel face to the side close to the tunnel face, and the arch erection structure grabs the arch frame and installs it.

3. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and arch erection in a tunnel as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: When transporting the arch frame, it is first necessary to lift the arch frame to the predetermined position through the lifting mechanism, and then transport it to the tunnel face with the assistance of a mechanical grab arm. After the transportation is completed, the vertical arch structure grabs the arch frame near the tunnel face and lifts it to the installation position for arch frame installation.

4. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and arch erection in a tunnel as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: When transporting the arch frame, it is first necessary to lift the arch frame to the predetermined position through the lifting mechanism, and then automatically transport the arch frame through the automatic transmission support structure to complete the erection and transportation of the arch frame; after the transportation is completed, the vertical arch structure grabs the arch frame near the face and lifts it to the installation position to carry out the arch frame installation operation.

5. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and arch erection in a tunnel as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: When transporting the arch frame, the arch frame must first be lifted to a predetermined position by a lifting mechanism, and then the supporting structure must be moved out of the range of the platform to cooperate with the lifting mechanism to complete the erection and transportation of the arch frame. After the transportation is completed, the vertical arch structure grabs the arch frame near the tunnel face and lifts it to the installation position for arch frame installation.

6. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and arch erection in a tunnel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: During the slag discharge operation, the slag discharge mechanism is moved to the tunnel face by a loader, and the loader transports the slag generated by excavation to a place far away from the coverage of the stand through the access channel.

7. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and arch erection in a tunnel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: During the slag discharge operation, an arch erecting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the platform, and the arch erecting mechanism performs an arch erecting operation on the arch frame that has been transported to the platform; the slag discharge mechanism performs slag discharge operations from both sides of the platform.

8. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and arch erection in a tunnel as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: During the slag discharge operation, the excavation operation is carried out on the heading face through the excavation mechanism arranged at the front end of the platform. At this time, the slag discharge mechanism is the auxiliary digging arm and the conveying system arranged at the front end of the platform; the transport vehicle moves to the end of the conveying system, and the auxiliary digging arm pushes the slag generated by the excavation to the front end of the conveying system. The conveying system automatically transports the slag to the transport vehicle, and moves it out of the tunnel through the transport vehicle.

9. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and arch erection in a tunnel as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The conveying system discharges slag from the bottom of the platform; or discharges slag from at least one side of the platform; or discharges slag from the bottom of the platform first, and then passes through the platform to discharge slag from at least one side of the platform.

10. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and arch erection in a tunnel as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The material conveying system is a transport channel fixed on both sides of the platform. A conveyor belt is arranged at the bottom of the transport channel. The conveyor belt is driven by the power unit at the bottom. Under the action of the power unit, the slag will be continuously transported from the front end of the transport channel to the rear end, so that the slag is lifted to a predetermined height. At this time, the transport vehicle is arranged at the rear end of the transport channel. The lifted slag continuously falls into the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle transports the slag away from the tunnel from both sides of the platform.

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