Temporary support safety device and method in rapid roadway tunneling process

Abstract

The invention discloses a temporary supporting safety device and method in the rapid roadway tunneling process, and belongs to the field of coal mining supporting. A metal net is laid on the upper surface of the protective top plate, a vitex net is laid on the lower surface, and connecting bases are installed at the four ends of the protective top plate. L-shaped mounting plates are arranged on the end faces of the two sides of the connecting bases, transverse plates of the L-shaped mounting plates are connected to the lower surface of the netlike net, locking bolts are mounted in the transverse plates in the vertical direction, and telescopic supporting columns are arranged at the two ends of the lower surfaces of the two sets of connecting bases in the vertical direction. The metal net and the vitex net are attached to the protective top plate, through cooperative use of the metal net, the vitex net and the protective top plate, early warning and protective buffering are achieved when the surrounding rock pressure is too large and the protective top plate deforms and is damaged, the early warning time is prolonged, follow-up personnel evacuation and secondary supporting are facilitated, and the working efficiency is improved. The use of the telescopic supporting columns facilitates the installation and disassembly of the device, the reuse efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mining support, and in particular to a temporary support safety device and method in the process of rapid tunneling. Background Art

[0002] Coal mine tunnels are the main passages for mechanical equipment, coal transportation and personnel during coal mining. During the rapid excavation of coal mine tunnels, their safety and stability are very important, so support treatment is required. The support plates of the existing support safety protection frames of coal mine tunnels have only a single load-bearing function, and cannot achieve early warning of deformation and damage of the support plates and secondary utilization of the support devices. During the construction process, if risks are encountered, the support safety protection frame will be destroyed very quickly, and the time given to the staff to repair the protection frame is short. Often, the staff does not have time to perform secondary support, and the protection frame will be damaged. Therefore, the existing protection frames have a small scope of application, a low reuse rate, and a high support cost. To this end, we propose a temporary support safety device for the rapid excavation of tunnels. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem that the support plate of the existing protection frame has only a single load-bearing function, cannot achieve early warning of deformation and damage of the support plate and secondary utilization of the support device, and makes it impossible for workers to remedy the protection frame in time, the present invention provides a temporary support safety device and method for rapid tunnel excavation.

[0004] To realize the above technical scheme, the present invention provides a temporary support safety device for rapid tunnel excavation, including a protective top plate and retractable support columns; the upper surface of the protective top plate is paved with a metal mesh, the lower surface is paved with a jingba mesh, and the four ends of the protective top plate are installed with connecting seats; L-shaped connecting plates are provided on the end faces of both sides of the connecting seat, the horizontal plate of the L-shaped connecting plate is connected to the lower surface of the jingba mesh, and locking bolts are installed in the vertical direction in the horizontal plate, and retractable support columns are detachably provided on both ends of the lower surface of the two groups of connecting seats along the vertical direction.

[0005] Furthermore, the telescopic support column includes a telescopic section and a fixed section, the fixed section is fixed on the support seat, the telescopic section is placed inside the fixed section, and can slide up and down in the fixed section; the outer surfaces of the telescopic section and the fixed section are respectively provided with a vertical articulated seat 1 and a vertical articulated seat 2; one end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is provided with a vertical cylinder seat, the vertical cylinder seat is hinged on the vertical articulated seat 2, and the other end is provided with a vertical lever, the end of the vertical lever is hinged to the vertical articulated seat 1.

[0006] Furthermore, L-shaped connecting plates are provided at the upper and lower ends of the two side surfaces of the protective top plate, and locking bolts are vertically inserted into the L-shaped connecting plates.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper surface of the protective top plate is coated with a wear-resistant layer.

[0008] Furthermore, the jingba net is made of ordinary wooden material.

[0009] Furthermore, a method for rapid tunnel excavation using a temporary support safety device comprises the steps of:

[0010] S1: Install the temporary support safety device. After the tunnel boring machine completes the excavation of an area, assemble the retractable support column with the protective roof, and then raise the height of the retractable support column so that the protective roof is close to the top of the surrounding rock to complete the temporary support of an area of ​​the tunnel;

[0011] S2: Multiple temporary support safety devices are placed on the TBM, so that the TBM can proceed with excavation simultaneously while temporary support is being provided to the first tunnel excavation area;

[0012] S3: In the area where temporary support is completed, the retractable support column of the temporary support safety device is retracted and the tunnel is permanently supported;

[0013] S4: During the use of the temporary support safety device, when the surrounding rock in contact with the protective roof is deformed, the surrounding rock will exert pressure on the protective roof. Under the action of this pressure, the metal mesh and the jingba mesh can be deformed or deformed in time. According to the size of the deformation, the staff can determine whether to evacuate or provide secondary support to the temporary support safety device.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0015] The present invention is a method in which a metal mesh is laid on the upper surface of the protective top plate, and a jingba mesh is laid on the lower surface of the protective top plate, and connecting seats are installed at the four ends of the protective top plate, and the end faces of both sides of the connecting seat are provided with L-shaped mounting plates, and the cross plates of the L-shaped mounting plates are connected to the lower surface of the jingba mesh, and locking bolts are installed in the cross plates in the vertical direction, and the protective top plate, the metal mesh and the jingba mesh are tightly combined using locking bolts, and retractable support columns are arranged in the middle of the lower surfaces of the two groups of the connecting seats in the vertical direction. The metal mesh and jingba mesh of the present invention are fitted with the protective top plate, and the coordinated use of the metal mesh and jingba mesh with the protective top plate realizes early warning and protective buffering when the protective top plate is deformed and damaged when the surrounding rock pressure is too large, increases the warning time, and is convenient for subsequent personnel evacuation and secondary support. At the same time, the use of the retractable support column facilitates the installation and disassembly of the device, improves the reuse efficiency, and saves costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A front view of a retractable support column according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the connection between the protective top plate and the extension plate of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a tunnel support according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel support according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0023] 1. Metal mesh; 2. Protective top plate; 3. Vertical hinged seat 1; 4. Vertical lever; 5. Vertical cylinder seat; 6. Telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 7. Vertical hinged seat 2; 8. Telescopic support column; 9. Support seat; 10. Locking bolt; 11. L-shaped connecting plate; 12. Connecting seat; 13. Jingba net. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form can also include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 5As shown, the present invention provides a temporary support safety device for rapid tunnel excavation, including a protective top plate 2 and a retractable support column 8; the upper surface of the protective top plate 2 is paved with a metal mesh 1, and the lower surface is paved with a thorn net 13, and the four ends of the protective top plate 2 are installed with connecting seats 12; the end faces of both sides of the connecting seat 12 are provided with L-shaped connecting plates 11, and the cross plate of the L-shaped connecting plate 11 is connected to the lower surface of the thorn net 13, and a locking bolt 10 is installed in the vertical direction of the cross plate, and the two ends of the lower surface of the two groups of connecting seats are detachably provided with retractable support columns 8 along the vertical direction.

[0027] When in use, the metal mesh 1 and the jingba mesh 13 are used in conjunction with the protective top plate 2 to achieve early warning and protective buffering when the protective top plate is deformed and damaged when the surrounding rock pressure is too high, thereby increasing the warning time and facilitating subsequent personnel evacuation and secondary support.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the telescopic support column 8 includes a telescopic section and a fixed section, the fixed section is fixed on the support seat 9, the telescopic section is placed inside the fixed section, and can slide up and down in the fixed section; the outer surfaces of the telescopic section and the fixed section are respectively provided with a vertical hinge seat 1 3 and a vertical hinge seat 2 7; one end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 6 is provided with a vertical cylinder seat 5, the vertical cylinder seat 5 is hinged on the vertical hinge seat 2 7, and the other end is provided with a vertical lever 4, the end of the vertical lever 4 is hinged with the vertical hinge seat 1 3. In other words, since the temporary support safety device will not be fixed in the same position for a long time, in order to facilitate installation, disassembly and transportation, the telescopic support column 8 provided by the present invention can be quickly disassembled during use, thereby improving the reuse efficiency and saving costs.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, L-shaped connecting plates 11 are installed at the upper and lower ends of both sides of the protective top plate 2, and locking bolts 10 are vertically inserted in the L-shaped connecting plates 11. After the locking bolts 10 are tightened, the protective top plate 2, the metal mesh 1 and the jingba mesh 13 can be tightly combined together, thereby enhancing the buffering effect.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the protective top plate 2 is coated with a wear-resistant layer, which can improve the wear resistance of the protective top plate 2 and extend its service life.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the metal mesh 1 can be replaced by disassembling the locking bolts 10, and the thorn net 13 is made of ordinary wooden material, which increases the service life of the device and saves costs.

[0032] The following describes a method for rapid tunnel excavation according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the tunnel rapid excavation method of the second aspect of the present invention includes:

[0034] S1: Install the temporary support safety device. After the tunnel boring machine completes the excavation of an area, assemble the retractable support column 8 with the protective top plate 2, and then raise the height of the retractable support column 8 so that the protective top plate 2 is close to the top of the surrounding rock to complete the temporary support of an area of ​​the tunnel;

[0035] S2: Multiple temporary support safety devices are placed on the TBM, so that the TBM can proceed with excavation simultaneously while temporary support is being provided to the first tunnel excavation area;

[0036] S3: In the area where temporary support is completed, the retractable support column 8 of the temporary support safety device is retracted and the tunnel is permanently supported;

[0037] S4: During the use of the temporary support safety device, when the surrounding rock in contact with the protective top plate 2 is deformed, the surrounding rock will exert a pressure on the protective top plate 2. Under the action of this pressure, the metal mesh 1 and the jingba mesh 13 can be deformed or deformed in time. According to the size of the deformation, the staff can determine whether to evacuate or provide secondary support to the temporary support safety device.

[0038] The present invention provides early warning of the destruction of the tunnel surrounding rock, increases the reaction time to tunnel collapse and the safety of workers, and timely secondary support can also reduce economic losses. After the permanent support operation is completed, the temporary support safety device in the area is recovered for reuse.

[0039] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temporary support safety device for rapid tunnel excavation, characterized in that: It comprises a protective top plate (2) and a retractable support column (8); the upper surface of the protective top plate (2) is paved with a metal mesh (1), the lower surface is paved with a thorn net (13), and the four ends of the protective top plate (2) are installed with connecting seats (12); the end surfaces of both sides of the connecting seat (12) are provided with L-shaped connecting plates (11), the horizontal plate of the L-shaped connecting plate (11) is connected to the lower surface of the thorn net (13), and locking bolts (10) are installed in the vertical direction of the horizontal plate, and the two ends of the lower surface of the two groups of the connecting seats (12) are detachably provided with the retractable support columns (8) in the vertical direction.

2. The temporary support safety device in the process of rapid tunnel excavation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The telescopic support column (8) comprises a telescopic section and a fixed section, wherein the fixed section is fixed on a support seat (9), and the telescopic section is placed inside the fixed section and can slide up and down inside the fixed section; the outer surfaces of the telescopic section and the fixed section are respectively provided with a vertical hinge seat 1 (3) and a vertical hinge seat 2 (7); one end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (6) is provided with a vertical cylinder seat (5), wherein the vertical cylinder seat (5) is hinged on the vertical hinge seat 2 (7), and the other end is provided with a vertical lever (4), wherein the end of the vertical lever (4) is hinged to the vertical hinge seat 1 (3).

3. A temporary support safety device for rapid tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the two side surfaces of the protective top plate (2) are both provided with the L-shaped connecting plates (11), and locking bolts (10) are vertically inserted into the L-shaped connecting plates (11).

4. A temporary support safety device for rapid tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the protective top plate (2) is coated with a wear-resistant layer.

5. The temporary support safety device for rapid tunnel excavation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The jingba net (13) is made of ordinary wooden material.

6. A method for rapid tunnel excavation using a temporary support safety device, which is implemented by the temporary support safety device in the process of rapid tunnel excavation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Includes steps: S1: Installing a temporary support safety device, after the tunnel boring machine completes the excavation of an area, assembling the retractable support column (8) and the protective top plate (2), and then raising the height of the retractable support column (8) so that the protective top plate (2) is close to the top of the surrounding rock, so as to complete the temporary support of an area of ​​the tunnel; S2: Multiple temporary support safety devices are placed on the TBM, so that the TBM can proceed with excavation simultaneously while temporary support is being provided to the first tunnel excavation area; S3: In the area where temporary support is completed, the retractable support column (8) of the temporary support safety device is retracted and lowered, and the tunnel is permanently supported; S4: During the use of the temporary support safety device, when the surrounding rock in contact with the protective top plate (2) is deformed, the surrounding rock will exert a pressure on the protective top plate (2). Under the action of this pressure, the metal mesh (1) and the thorn mesh (13) can be deformed or deformed in time. According to the size of the deformation, the staff can determine whether to evacuate or perform secondary support on the temporary support safety device.

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