Air intake and exhaust structure and turbine compressor

Abstract

The present invention discloses an air intake and exhaust structure and a turbine compressor, belonging to the field of turbine compressors. The air intake and exhaust structure comprises: a solid rotor; blades connected to the outside of the solid rotor; an inner machine gate and an outer machine gate sleeved on the outside of the blades in sequence; a first cavity formed between the solid rotor and the inner machine gate; a second cavity formed between the inner machine gate and the outer machine gate; an air intake pipe connected to one end of the second cavity; and a second air exhaust pipe connected to the other end of the second cavity. The technical effect of the present invention is that it facilitates the cooling speed of the solid rotor to be basically consistent with the cooling speed of the casing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a turbine compressor, and in particular to an air intake and exhaust structure and a turbine compressor. Background Art

[0002] A turbo compressor is a dynamic compressor with a high-speed rotating impeller, which is widely used in industries such as industry, energy, and aerospace.

[0003] The relevant turbine compressor generally includes components such as rotors, blades and casings. The solid rotor has gradually become the core component of the relevant turbine compressors due to its advantages such as compact structure, high strength, good rigidity and no loose assembly problem. However, since the casing is a hollow structure, after shutdown, the solid rotor tends to cool down relatively slowly, while the casing cools down relatively quickly, resulting in a gradual decrease in the gap between the blades outside the solid rotor and the inner wall of the casing, and even collision and friction, which in turn causes damage to the blades and the casing, and even causes the blades to fall off and enter the flow channel, further damaging other components and ultimately causing failure of the entire machine. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an air intake and exhaust structure, which facilitates making the cooling rate of the solid rotor and the cooling rate of the casing basically consistent; another purpose of the present invention is to provide a turbine compressor.

[0005] Technical solution:

[0006] An air intake and exhaust structure, comprising:

[0007] Solid rotor;

[0008] Blades connected to the outside of the solid rotor;

[0009] An inner brake and an outer brake which are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the blade;

[0010] a first cavity formed between the solid rotor and the inner brake;

[0011] a second cavity formed between the inner machine brake and the outer machine brake;

[0012] an air inlet pipe connected to one end of the second cavity;

[0013] A second air extraction pipe is connected to the other end of the second cavity.

[0014] Optionally, it further includes a first air extraction pipe connected to the first cavity, and the first air extraction pipe is located between the air inlet pipe and the second air extraction pipe.

[0015] Optionally, it also includes a first valve connected to the first exhaust pipe.

[0016] Optionally, also include:

[0017] A connecting pipe passing through the external machine brake;

[0018] One end of the connecting tube is connected to the first cavity;

[0019] A first flange is connected to one end of the first exhaust pipe, and the first flange is connected to the other end of the connecting pipe.

[0020] Optionally, it also includes an exhaust main pipe connected to the other end of the first exhaust pipe and the other end of the second exhaust pipe.

[0021] Optionally, also include:

[0022] a second valve in communication with the second air extraction pipe;

[0023] A third valve is connected to the air intake pipe.

[0024] Optionally, also include:

[0025] a second flange connected to one end of the second exhaust pipe;

[0026] a third flange connected to one end of the air inlet pipe;

[0027] Wherein, the second flange and the third flange are both connected to the external machine brake.

[0028] Optionally, it further includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, wherein a detection end of the first temperature sensor is located in the first cavity, and a detection end of the second temperature sensor is located in the second cavity.

[0029] Optionally, the inner machine brake and the outer machine brake are connected by snap-fitting, welding or fastener connection.

[0030] A turbine compressor comprises an air intake and exhaust structure.

[0031] Beneficial effect: After shutdown, high-temperature gas is transported into the air intake pipe through the relevant high-temperature gas supply assembly, so that the high-temperature gas enters the second cavity between the inner engine gate and the outer engine gate, and under the action of the relevant exhaust assembly, the high-temperature gas is discharged from the second exhaust pipe, so that the high-temperature gas continues to flow through the second cavity between the inner engine gate and the outer engine gate, so as to reduce the cooling rate of the inner engine gate and the outer engine gate, and then make the cooling rate of the solid rotor and the cooling rate of the inner engine gate and the outer engine gate basically consistent, so as to make the contraction rate of the solid rotor and the contraction rate of the inner engine gate and the outer engine gate basically consistent, ensure that the gap between the blades of the solid rotor and the inner wall of the inner engine gate remains basically unchanged, prevent the blades and the inner engine gate from rubbing against each other, thereby preventing the blades and the inner engine gate from being damaged, and then prevent the blades from falling off and entering the first cavity, further damaging other components, and ultimately ensuring the safety of the entire machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an air intake and exhaust structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is one of the partial schematic diagrams of an air intake and exhaust structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a second partial schematic diagram of an air intake and exhaust structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a third partial schematic diagram of an air intake and exhaust structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] In the figure: 1. solid rotor; 2. blades; 3. inner machine brake; 31. connecting pipe; 32. protrusion; 33. extension plate; 34. first extension part; 4. outer machine brake; 41. groove; 42. second extension part; 51. first cavity; 511. first temperature sensor; 52. second cavity; 521. second temperature sensor; 6. intake pipe; 61. third valve; 62. third flange; 7. first exhaust pipe; 71. first valve; 72. first flange; 8. second exhaust pipe; 81. second valve; 82. second flange; 9. exhaust main pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1The present embodiment provides an air intake and exhaust structure, including: a solid rotor 1; a blade 2 connected to the outside of the solid rotor 1; an inner machine brake 3 and an outer machine brake 4 which are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the blade 2; a first cavity 51 formed between the solid rotor 1 and the inner machine brake 3; a second cavity 52 formed between the inner machine brake 3 and the outer machine brake 4; an air intake pipe 6 connected to one end of the second cavity 52; and a second air exhaust pipe 8 connected to the other end of the second cavity 52.

[0040] Specifically, after shutdown, high-temperature gas is transported into the air intake pipe 6 through the relevant high-temperature gas supply assembly, so that the high-temperature gas enters the second cavity 52 between the inner engine gate 3 and the outer engine gate 4, and under the action of the relevant exhaust assembly, the high-temperature gas is discharged from the second exhaust pipe 8, so that the high-temperature gas continues to flow through the second cavity 52 between the inner engine gate 3 and the outer engine gate 4, so as to reduce the cooling rate of the inner engine gate 3 and the outer engine gate 4, and then make the cooling rate of the solid rotor 1 basically consistent with the cooling rate of the inner engine gate 3 and the outer engine gate 4, so as to make the contraction rate of the solid rotor 1 basically consistent with the contraction rate of the inner engine gate 3 and the outer engine gate 4, ensure that the gap between the blade 2 of the solid rotor 1 and the inner wall of the inner engine gate 3 remains basically unchanged, prevent the blade 2 and the inner engine gate 3 from rubbing against each other, thereby preventing the blade 2 and the inner engine gate 3 from being damaged, and then prevent the blade 2 from falling off and entering the first cavity 51, further damaging other components, and ultimately ensuring the safety of the entire machine.

[0041] The solid rotor 1 is used to carry the blades 2, and the processing technology of the solid rotor 1 is preferably whole forging; the blades 2 are used to compress the gas; the inner machine brake 3 and the outer machine brake 4 are used to form a machine brake assembly, which is convenient for protecting the solid rotor 1 and the blades 2; the first cavity 51 is convenient for gas flow; the second cavity 52 is convenient for reducing the weight of the machine brake assembly; the intake pipe 6 is also used to connect with high-temperature gas supply components such as air pumps, so as to supply high-temperature gas into the intake pipe 6 through the high-temperature gas supply components and allow the high-temperature gas to enter the second cavity 52; the second exhaust pipe 8 is also used to connect with exhaust components such as centrifugal exhaust fans, so as to facilitate the high-temperature gas in the second cavity 52 to be discharged from the second exhaust pipe 8, thereby facilitating the high-temperature gas to continue to flow through the second cavity 52 between the inner machine brake 3 and the outer machine brake 4.

[0042] Further, such as Figure 1 , and further includes a first air extraction pipe 7 connected to the first cavity 51, and the first air extraction pipe 7 is located between the air inlet pipe 6 and the second air extraction pipe 8. Specifically, when starting or running at a low speed, the first air extraction pipe 7 is used to extract part of the gas in the middle stage of the first cavity 51, so as to facilitate the coordination of the gas flow of the front stage, the middle stage and the rear stage of the first cavity 51, so that the flow coefficient of each stage will not change too much relative to the design state, so as to avoid serious air flow separation of the blade 2, thereby preventing surge; in order to facilitate air extraction, the first air extraction pipe 7 is also used to communicate with an air extraction component such as a centrifugal air extractor.

[0043] Further, such as Figure 1 , further comprising a first valve 71 connected to the first air extraction pipe 7. Specifically, the first valve 71 is used to control the opening and closing of the first air extraction pipe 7, and the first valve 71 may be a ball valve, a butterfly valve, or the like.

[0044] Further, such as Figure 1 , further comprising: a connecting pipe 31 passing through the external machine brake 4; one end of the connecting pipe 31 is connected to the first cavity 51; a first flange 72 connected to one end of the first exhaust pipe 7, and the first flange 72 is connected to the other end of the connecting pipe 31. Specifically, the connecting pipe 31 is used to connect the first cavity 51 and the first exhaust pipe 7, and the connection between the connecting pipe 31 and the external machine brake 4 is preferably welded; the first flange 72 is preferably welded to the outside of one end of the first exhaust pipe 7, and the first flange 72 and the other end of the connecting pipe 31 are preferably detachably connected by fasteners such as bolts.

[0045] Further, such as Figure 1 , and also includes an exhaust main pipe 9 connected to the other end of the first exhaust pipe 7 and the other end of the second exhaust pipe 8. Specifically, the exhaust main pipe 9 is also used to communicate with an exhaust component such as a centrifugal exhauster to facilitate exhaustion of the first exhaust pipe 7 and the second exhaust pipe 8.

[0046] Further, such as Figure 1 , further comprising: a second valve 81 connected to the second air extraction pipe 8; and a third valve 61 connected to the air intake pipe 6. Specifically, the second valve 81 is used to control the opening and closing of the second air extraction pipe 8, and the second valve 81 may be a ball valve, a butterfly valve, etc.; the third valve 61 is used to control the opening and closing of the air intake pipe 6, and the third valve 61 may be a ball valve, a butterfly valve, etc.

[0047] Further, such as Figure 1 , further comprising: a second flange 82 connected to one end of the second air extraction pipe 8; a third flange 62 connected to one end of the air intake pipe 6; wherein the second flange 82 and the third flange 62 are both connected to the external machine brake 4. Specifically, the second flange 82 is preferably welded to the outside of one end of the second air extraction pipe 8, and the second flange 82 and the external machine brake 4 are preferably detachably connected by fasteners such as bolts; the third flange 62 is preferably welded to the outside of one end of the air intake pipe 6, and the third flange 62 and the external machine brake 4 are preferably detachably connected by fasteners such as bolts.

[0048] Further, such as Figure 1, further comprising a first temperature sensor 511 and a second temperature sensor 521, wherein the detection end of the first temperature sensor 511 is located in the first cavity 51, and the detection end of the second temperature sensor 521 is located in the second cavity 52. ​​Specifically, the first temperature sensor 511 is used to detect the temperature of the first cavity 51, and the second temperature sensor 521 is used to detect the temperature of the second cavity 52, so as to adjust the temperature of the high-temperature gas introduced into the second cavity 52 according to the temperature difference, thereby further facilitating the cooling speed of the solid rotor 1 and the cooling speed of the inner machine gate 3 and the outer machine gate 4 to be substantially consistent, wherein the first temperature sensor 511 and the second temperature sensor 521 can specifically be thermal resistance temperature sensors, thermocouple temperature sensors, etc.

[0049] Further, such as Figure 2-Figure 4 The connection between the inner machine brake 3 and the outer machine brake 4 is by clamping, welding or fastener connection. Figure 2 Specifically, the clamping connection can be that a protrusion 32 is provided on the outer wall of the inner machine gate 3, a groove 41 is provided on the inner wall of the outer machine gate 4, and the protrusion 32 and the groove 41 are clamped; Figure 3 Specifically, the welding can be performed by respectively setting two extension plates 33 at both ends of the inner machine gate 3, and respectively welding the two extension plates 33 to both ends of the outer machine gate 4; Figure 4 Specifically, the fastener connection can be that two first extension parts 34 are respectively provided at both ends of the inner machine brake 3, and two second extension parts 42 are respectively provided at both ends of the outer machine brake 4, and the two first extension parts 34 and the two second extension parts 42 are correspondingly detachably connected by fasteners such as bolts.

[0050] This embodiment also provides a turbine compressor, including an air intake and exhaust structure of this embodiment.

[0051] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An air intake and exhaust structure, characterized in that: include: Solid rotor; Blades connected to the outside of the solid rotor; An inner brake and an outer brake which are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the blade; a first cavity formed between the solid rotor and the inner brake; a second cavity formed between the inner machine brake and the outer machine brake; an air inlet pipe connected to one end of the second cavity; A second air extraction pipe is connected to the other end of the second cavity.

2. An air intake and exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first air extraction pipe connected to the first cavity, and the first air extraction pipe is located between the air inlet pipe and the second air extraction pipe.

3. The air intake and exhaust structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also includes a first valve connected with the first air extraction pipe.

4. The air intake and exhaust structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A connecting pipe passing through the external machine brake; One end of the connecting tube is connected to the first cavity; A first flange is connected to one end of the first exhaust pipe, and the first flange is connected to the other end of the connecting pipe.

5. The air intake and exhaust structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an exhaust main pipe connected to the other end of the first exhaust pipe and the other end of the second exhaust pipe.

6. An air intake and exhaust structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: a second valve in communication with the second air extraction pipe; A third valve is connected to the air intake pipe.

7. An air intake and exhaust structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: a second flange connected to one end of the second exhaust pipe; a third flange connected to one end of the air inlet pipe; Wherein, the second flange and the third flange are both connected to the external machine brake.

8. An air intake and exhaust structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The device further comprises a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The detection end of the first temperature sensor is located in the first cavity, and the detection end of the second temperature sensor is located in the second cavity.

9. An air intake and exhaust structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The inner machine brake and the outer machine brake are connected by snap-fitting, welding or fastener connection.

10. A turbo compressor, characterized in that: It comprises an air intake and exhaust structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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