A supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions and a method of using the same

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of ejectors, and specifically relates to a supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions and a method of use, wherein the ejector includes an ejector cavity and two guide members; the ejector cavity includes two side panels, and mounting holes are arranged on the side panels; the guide member includes a column and a guide plate, the column is arranged on the mounting hole, and two guide plates are relatively arranged in the air intake chamber; there is a gap between the column and the mounting hole to form a passive flow inlet, and a suction channel is formed between the guide plate and the corresponding side plate; one column is provided with an active flow inlet penetrating to the end face of the guide plate, and an active flow outlet channel is formed between the two guide plates; the axial relative distance between the two columns is adjustable. The supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions provided by the present invention changes the expansion ratio of the active flow roar channel and the active flow outlet channel by adjusting the relative positions of the two guide members, and the expansion ratio is convenient and quick to adjust, and a wide range of expansion ratios can be achieved, which is applicable to a variety of ejector working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of ejectors, and in particular relates to a supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, supersonic ejectors have two major disadvantages. First, most ejectors are fixed structures, which means that the applicable operating conditions of the ejector are limited, and the optimal performance cannot be achieved under multiple operating conditions. If the operating conditions need to be changed, a new nozzle often needs to be replaced, so the workload is large, especially for large supersonic ejectors used in high-altitude simulation platforms. The workload is very cumbersome. Second, the current variable throat ejector solution has the problems of complex structure and small variable throat diameter range. The current variable throat ejector solution uses a motor-driven needle cone to block the nozzle throat or outlet, which has a complex structure and has the disadvantage that the throat diameter can only be reduced but not increased. Therefore, the scope of application of the current solution is limited. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions and a method for using the ejector, which has a simple structure and is safe and reliable. It not only realizes the variable size of the active flow throat, but also realizes the variable size of the active flow outlet channel, and can achieve a variety of expansion ratios, which greatly expands the applicable working conditions of the ejector and improves the performance of the ejector.

[0004] The present invention provides a supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions, comprising an ejector cavity and two flow guides;

[0005] The ejector cavity comprises two side plates arranged opposite to each other, the side plates are provided with mounting holes, the mounting holes of the two side plates are coaxial, and the two side plates sequentially form an air inlet chamber, a mixing chamber and a diffusion chamber outward along the axis of the mounting holes;

[0006] The deflector comprises a column and a deflector plate which are arranged in sequence, the two columns are respectively arranged on the two mounting holes, and the two deflector plates are arranged oppositely in the air inlet chamber;

[0007] At least one of the outer walls of the column and the inner wall of the mounting hole is spaced apart to form a passive inlet, and a suction channel communicating with the passive inlet is formed between the guide plate and the corresponding side plate;

[0008] One of the columns is provided with an active flow inlet penetrating to the end surface of the guide plate, and an active flow outlet channel is formed between the two guide plates;

[0009] At least one column is slidably arranged on the mounting hole, and the column slides to achieve adjustable axial relative distance between the two columns.

[0010] Furthermore, the column, the guide plate and the two side plates are all rotating bodies rotated about the axis of the mounting hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer walls of the two columns and the inner walls of the corresponding mounting holes are spaced apart to form a passive inlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the side of the guide plate close to the other guide plate is a conical surface;

[0013] The width of the active outflow outlet channel gradually widens from the apex of the conical surface outwards.

[0014] Furthermore, the side surfaces of the two guide plates facing away from the conical surface are parallel to each other.

[0015] Furthermore, a fillet is provided at the connection between the guide plate and the column, and the vertex of the conical surface opposite to the active inlet is rounded.

[0016] Furthermore, the diameter of the active inlet gradually decreases along the axial direction on the side close to the end surface of the guide plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the two side plates are provided with a concave cavity along the outer side of the axis of the mounting hole, and the concave cavity is provided with an outer inclined portion inclined outwardly on a side away from the mounting hole;

[0018] The two concave cavities enclose the air inlet chamber, and the outer diameter of the concave cavity is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the guide plate;

[0019] The two outer inclined portions enclose the mixing chamber, and the inner diameter of the outer inclined portion is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the guide plate.

[0020] Furthermore, the two side plates are located outside the outer inclined portion and are straight portions, and the two straight portions enclose and form a mixing flow roar channel;

[0021] The straight portion is inclined inwardly at one end away from the outer inclined portion to form an inner inclined portion, and the two inner inclined portions surround and form the diffusion chamber.

[0022] A method for using the above-mentioned supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0023] The active flow flows from the active flow inlet into the ejector cavity, and flows through the active flow outlet channel to accelerate to form a supersonic airflow that flows into the mixing chamber;

[0024] The passive flow flows into the suction channel through the passive flow inlet and is sucked into the mixing chamber by the negative pressure of the suction channel;

[0025] The active flow and the passive flow are mixed in the mixing chamber, and then the mixed flow passes through the diffusion chamber to be decelerated and pressurized and discharged to the surrounding environment;

[0026] When the expansion ratio needs to be changed, the axial relative distance between the two columns is adjusted.

[0027] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the supersonic ejector provided by the present invention is applicable to a wide range of working conditions, has a simple and novel structure, and has reliable performance. The expansion ratio of the active flow roar channel and the active flow outlet channel is changed by adjusting the relative positions of the two guide members. The expansion ratio is adjusted conveniently and quickly, and a larger range of expansion ratios can be achieved, which is applicable to a variety of ejector working conditions. In addition, the structure of the air intake chamber, the mixing chamber, and the diffusion chamber arranged axially outward, relative to the conventional straight channel structure, makes the volume of the active flow outlet channel and the suction channel large on the basis of the consistent outer dimensions of the ejector cavity, which can increase the air intake of the active flow and the passive flow, and also makes the volume of the mixing chamber large, which can achieve full contact between the active flow and the passive flow, improve the mixing efficiency, and also makes the volume of the diffusion chamber large, which can ensure the performance of the ejector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Attached Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Attached Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0030] Attached Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the movement of two flow guide members in the present invention.

[0031] In the figure, 1- ejector cavity; 11- side plate; 111- mounting hole; 112- concave cavity; 113- outer inclined portion; 114- straight portion; 115- inner inclined portion; 12- air inlet chamber; 13- mixing chamber; 14- mixing flow duct; 15- diffusion chamber; 2- flow guide; 21- column; 22- guide plate; 221- conical surface; 3- passive flow inlet; 4- suction channel; 5- active flow inlet; 6- active flow outlet channel; 7- active flow duct; 8- active flow; 9- passive flow. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0034] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a physical connection, or a wireless communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0037] As attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 3 As shown, the present invention is a supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions, comprising an ejector cavity 1 and two flow guides 2;

[0038] The ejector cavity 1 comprises two side plates 11 arranged opposite to each other, and the side plates 11 are provided with mounting holes 111, the mounting holes 111 of the two side plates 11 are coaxial, and the two side plates 11 sequentially form an air inlet chamber 12, a mixing chamber 13 and a diffusion chamber 15 outwardly along the axis of the mounting holes 111;

[0039] The deflector 2 includes a column 21 and a deflector plate 22 which are sequentially arranged, the two columns 21 are respectively arranged on the two mounting holes 111, and the two deflector plates 22 are arranged opposite to each other in the air inlet chamber 12;

[0040] At least one of the outer walls of the upright column 21 and the inner wall of the mounting hole 111 is spaced apart to form a passive flow inlet 3, and a suction channel 4 communicating with the passive flow inlet 3 is formed between the guide plate 22 and the corresponding side plate 11, and the passive flow 9 enters the suction channel 4 from the passive flow inlet 3 and is sucked into the mixing chamber 13 by the negative pressure in the suction channel 4;

[0041] One of the columns 21 is provided with an active flow inlet 5 penetrating to the end surface of the guide plate 22. The active flow inlet 5 is provided along its outlet direction to the position relative to the other guide plate 22 as an active flow roar channel 7. An active flow outlet channel 6 is formed between the two guide plates 22. The active flow 8 enters the active flow roar channel 7 from the active flow inlet 5, and then enters the mixing chamber 13 through the active flow outlet channel 6.

[0042] At least one column 21 is slidably set on the mounting hole 111, and the column 21 slides to achieve adjustable axial relative distance between the two columns 21. Since the two guide plates 22 separate the air intake chamber 12 into two suction channels 4 and one active flow outlet channel 6, the axial relative distance between the two columns 21 can be adjusted to adjust the relative positions of the two guide plates 22, and the sizes of the two suction channels 4 and one active flow outlet channel 6 in the air intake chamber 12 can be adjusted, and then the sizes of the active flow roar duct 7 and the active flow outlet channel 6 can be adjusted, and then the expansion ratio of the active flow roar duct 7 and the active flow outlet channel 6 can be changed, and the active flow smoothness parameters of the active flow outlet channel 6, such as the Mach number, can be changed, so as to be suitable for a higher and wider range of working conditions.

[0043] The supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions provided by the present invention has a simple and novel structure and reliable performance. The expansion ratio of the active flow roar channel 7 and the active flow outlet channel 6 is changed by adjusting the relative position of the two guide members 2. The expansion ratio is adjusted conveniently and quickly, and a larger range of expansion ratios can be achieved, which is applicable to a variety of ejector working conditions. In addition, the structure of the air inlet chamber 12, the mixing chamber 13 and the diffusion chamber 15 arranged axially outwardly, relative to the conventional straight channel structure, makes the volume of the active flow outlet channel 6 and the suction channel 4 large on the basis of the consistent outer dimensions of the ejector cavity 1, which can increase the intake volume of the active flow 8 and the passive flow 9, and also makes the volume of the mixing chamber 13 large, which can achieve full contact between the active flow 8 and the passive flow 9 and improve the mixing efficiency, and also makes the volume of the diffusion chamber 15 large, which can ensure the performance of the ejector.

[0044] In one embodiment, the column 21, the guide plate 22 and the two side plates 11 are all rotating bodies formed by rotating about the axis of the mounting hole 111, that is, the guide plate 22 and the two side plates 11 are disc structures, the column 21 is a cylindrical structure, and the guide plate 22, the side plates 11 and the column 21 are coaxially arranged. Such an arrangement increases the contact area between the active flow 8 and the passive flow 9 in the mixing chamber 13, realizes full contact between the active flow 8 and the passive flow 9, and effectively improves the mixing efficiency.

[0045] In one embodiment, the outer walls of the two columns 21 and the inner walls of the corresponding mounting holes 111 are spaced apart to form a passive inlet 3. Correspondingly, the intervals between the two guide plates 22 and their corresponding side plates 11 form a suction channel 4. In this embodiment, there are two passive inlets 3 and two suction channels 4, which can greatly increase the air intake. Preferably, the column 21 is slidably matched with at least part of the inner wall of the mounting hole 111 to achieve a slidable match between the column 21 and the mounting hole 111, and a connecting hole is provided in the slidable matching portion, which is used to form the passive inlet 3.

[0046] In one embodiment, the side of the guide plate 22 close to the other guide plate 22 is a conical surface 221, the vertices of the two conical surfaces 221 form the active flow roar channel 7, and the active flow outlet channel 6 is formed from the vertices to the outside of the conical surfaces 221;

[0047] The width of the active flow outlet channel 6 gradually widens from the apex of the conical surface 221 outward. At this time, the high-speed active flow 8 will continue to accelerate to form a supersonic airflow in the process of flowing from the active flow roar 7 to the active flow outlet channel 6, thereby accelerating the active flow 8 and improving the ejection effect.

[0048] In one embodiment, the side surfaces of the two guide plates 22 facing away from the conical surface 221 are parallel to each other. At this time, the two side walls of the two suction channels 4 are parallel to each other, which can ensure the guiding effect of the suction channel 4 when sucking the passive flow 9.

[0049] In one of the embodiments, the connection between the guide plate 22 and the column 21 is provided with a rounded corner, and the vertex of the conical surface 221 opposite to the active inlet 5 is rounded, which can reduce the airflow loss.

[0050] In one embodiment, the diameter of the active flow inlet 5 gradually decreases along the axial direction near the end surface of the guide plate 22 , so that the active flow 8 can reach the speed of sound when entering the active flow roar channel 7 .

[0051] In one embodiment, the two side plates 11 are provided with a concave cavity 112 along the outer side of the axis of the mounting hole 111, and the concave cavity 112 is provided with an outer inclined portion 113 inclined outwardly on a side away from the mounting hole 111;

[0052] The two concave cavities 112 enclose the air inlet chamber 12, the outer diameter of the concave cavity 112 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the guide plate 22, and the two guide plates 22 separate the air inlet chamber 12 into two suction channels 4 and one active flow outlet channel 6;

[0053] The two outer inclined portions 113 enclose the mixing chamber 13, and the inner diameter of the outer inclined portion 113 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the guide plate 22. The outer inclined portion 113 makes the width of the mixing chamber 13 smaller than the width of the air intake chamber 12, and can guide the two passive flows 9 on both sides toward the middle active flow 8, thereby improving the mixing effect of the active flow 8 and the passive flow 9.

[0054] In one embodiment, the two side plates 11 are located outside the outer inclined portion 113 to form a straight portion 114. The two straight portions 114 enclose a mixed flow roaring channel 14. The straight portions 114 make the width of the mixed flow roaring channel 14 smaller than the width of the mixing chamber 13. The mixed flow roaring channel 14 can limit the mixed flow, ensure an appropriate flow rate and form a stable airflow.

[0055] The straight portion 114 is inclined inwardly at one end away from the outer inclined portion 113 to form an inner inclined portion 115. The two inner inclined portions 115 enclose the diffusion chamber 15. The inner inclined portion 115 makes the width of the diffusion chamber 15 larger than the width of the mixed flow roaring channel 14. Finally, the mixed flow is discharged from the outer outlet of the diffusion chamber 15 to the surrounding environment.

[0056] The present invention also provides a method for using a supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0057] The active flow 8 flows from the active flow inlet 5 into the ejector cavity 1, and flows through the active flow outlet channel 6 to accelerate to form a supersonic airflow and flows into the mixing chamber 13. The flow of the supersonic airflow generates negative pressure on the suction channel 4.

[0058] The passive flow 9 flows into the suction channel 4 through the passive flow inlet 3 and is sucked into the mixing chamber 13 by the negative pressure of the suction channel 4;

[0059] The active flow 8 and the passive flow 9 are mixed in the mixing chamber 13, and then the mixed flow passes through the diffusion chamber 15 to be decelerated and pressurized and discharged to the surrounding environment;

[0060] Reference Figure 3 When the expansion ratio needs to be changed, the axial relative distance between the two columns 21 is adjusted. At this time, the interval between the active flow roar channel 7 and the active flow outlet channel 6 between the outlet of the active flow inlet 5 and the relative guide plate 22 will also change accordingly, thereby changing the expansion ratio of the two, changing the active flow 8 parameters at the outlet of the active flow outlet channel 6, such as speed, so that it can be applied to a higher and wider range of working conditions.

[0061] The above is only an embodiment and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art can use the above disclosed technical contents to make many possible changes, modifications or modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention into equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions, characterized in that: It comprises an ejector cavity (1) and two flow guide members (2); The ejector cavity (1) comprises two side plates (11) arranged opposite to each other, the side plates (11) being provided with mounting holes (111), the mounting holes (111) of the two side plates (11) being coaxial, and the two side plates (11) sequentially form an air inlet chamber (12), a mixing chamber (13) and a diffusion chamber (15) outwardly along the axis of the mounting holes (111); The guide member (2) comprises a column (21) and a guide plate (22) which are arranged in sequence, the two columns (21) being arranged on the two mounting holes (111) respectively, and the two guide plates (22) being arranged opposite to each other in the air inlet chamber (12); An outer wall of at least one upright post (21) and an inner wall of the mounting hole (111) are spaced apart to form a passive flow inlet (3), and a suction channel (4) communicating with the passive flow inlet (3) is formed between the guide plate (22) and the corresponding side plate (11); One of the columns (21) is provided with an active flow inlet (5) penetrating to the end surface of the guide plate (22); the active flow inlet (5) is provided with an active flow roar channel (7) along its outlet direction to a position relative to the other guide plate (22); an active flow outlet channel (6) is formed between the two guide plates (22); a side of the guide plate (22) close to the other guide plate (22) is a conical surface (221); and the width of the active flow outlet channel (6) gradually widens from the apex of the conical surface (221) toward the outside; At least one column (21) is slidably disposed on the mounting hole (111), and the column (21) slides to achieve an adjustable axial relative distance between the two columns (21), thereby adjusting the relative position of the two guide plates (22), changing the expansion ratio of the active flow roar channel (7) and the active flow outlet channel (6), and changing the active flow field parameters of the active flow outlet channel (6).

2. The supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The upright column (21), the guide plate (22) and the two side plates (11) are all rotating bodies formed by rotating about the axis of the mounting hole (111).

3. The supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer walls of the two upright posts (21) and the inner walls of the corresponding mounting holes (111) are spaced apart and form a passive inlet (3).

4. The supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The side surfaces of the two guide plates (22) facing away from the conical surface (221) are parallel to each other.

5. The supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A fillet is provided at the connection between the guide plate (22) and the column (21), and the vertex of the conical surface (221) opposite to the active inlet (5) is filleted.

6. The supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the active inlet (5) gradually decreases along the axial direction on the side close to the end surface of the guide plate (22).

7. The supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The two side plates (11) are provided with a concave cavity (112) along the outer side of the axis of the mounting hole (111), and the concave cavity (112) is provided with an outer inclined portion (113) inclined outwardly on a side away from the mounting hole (111); The two concave cavities (112) enclose the air inlet chamber (12), and the outer diameter of the concave cavity (112) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the guide plate (22); The two outer inclined portions (113) enclose the mixing chamber (13), and the inner diameter of the outer inclined portion (113) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the guide plate (22).

8. The supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The two side plates (11) are located outside the outer inclined portion (113) and are straight portions (114), and the two straight portions (114) enclose a mixing flow roar channel (14); An inner inclined portion (115) is provided at one end of the straight portion (114) which is away from the outer inclined portion (113) and is inclined inwardly, and the two inner inclined portions (115) are enclosed to form the diffusion chamber (15).

9. A method for using the supersonic ejector applicable to a wide range of working conditions as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: The active flow (8) flows from the active flow inlet (5) into the ejector cavity (1), and is accelerated through the active flow outlet channel (6) to form a supersonic flow that flows into the mixing chamber (13); The passive flow (9) flows into the suction channel (4) through the passive flow inlet (3), and is sucked into the mixing chamber (13) by the negative pressure of the suction channel (4); The active flow (8) and the passive flow (9) are mixed in the mixing chamber (13), and then the mixed flow passes through the diffusion chamber (15) to be decelerated and pressurized and discharged to the surrounding environment; When the expansion ratio needs to be changed, the axial relative distance between the two columns (21) is adjusted.

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