A buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters and its control method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of impact testing technology and discloses a buffering friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of varying diameters. The device comprises a high-pressure gas chamber and a guide cylinder sealed to the high-pressure gas chamber. A quick-response pressure relief device is provided at one end of the gas chamber connected to the guide cylinder. The accelerated object is positioned on the side of the quick-response pressure relief device away from the high-pressure gas chamber. The guide cylinder is provided with a braking device comprising: a friction sleeve movably disposed within the guide cylinder, the friction sleeve having a buffering energy-absorbing structure therein; and a braking friction sleeve fixed to the end of the guide cylinder, the braking friction sleeve having a brake friction pad therein. A control method is also provided. The device and method are simple in structure, reduce costs, and improve safety and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of impact testing, and in particular relates to a buffering friction braking device suitable for high-speed moving objects with different diameters and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Numerous industrial and military applications today often require precise control and safe braking of high-speed moving objects of varying diameters. For example, in the development of ammunition guidance components, flight testing is expensive and difficult to recover. Therefore, ground ejection testing plays a crucial role. It accurately identifies and eliminates potential design flaws, effectively ensuring that components meet established technical and tactical specifications. This is a key step in achieving excellent adaptability and high reliability in ammunition. This process requires specially designed equipment to ensure the safe and intact recovery of the test object after testing. This allows for verification of the proper functioning of the guidance device's data acquisition functions and the overall structure of the ammunition for damage. This effectively verifies the safety, reliability, and adaptability of the electronic components within the test object under high-g load launch conditions. However, traditional braking devices are often designed for specific sizes and operating conditions. They also suffer from low braking speeds and energy levels, unstable braking performance, poor versatility, and an inability to effectively address energy absorption and conversion during braking of high-speed, high-energy objects, making them difficult to meet these extreme and diverse requirements. Therefore, the development of an efficient buffering friction brake device that can be used for high-speed moving objects of different diameters has extremely important practical significance and urgent application needs. It aims to fill this technological gap, improve the safety, reliability and precise control capabilities of test operations in related fields, and promote the further development of industrial and military technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and defects mentioned in the above background technology and provide a buffer friction brake device and its control method that can be safely and stably applied to high-speed moving objects of different diameters. To solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions proposed by the present invention are as follows:

[0004] A buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters includes a gas high-pressure chamber and a guide cylinder sealed with the gas high-pressure chamber. A fast-response pressure relief device is provided at one end of the gas high-pressure chamber connected to the guide cylinder. The accelerated object is arranged on a side of the fast-response pressure relief device away from the gas high-pressure chamber. The guide cylinder is provided with a brake device, which includes:

[0005] A friction sleeve movably arranged in the guide cylinder, wherein a buffering energy absorbing structure is provided in the friction sleeve;

[0006] A brake friction sleeve is fixed to the end of the guide cylinder, and a brake friction plate is arranged in the brake friction sleeve.

[0007] In one embodiment, a braking buffer energy absorbing structure is provided in the braking friction sleeve.

[0008] In one embodiment, the buffer energy absorbing structure and the brake buffer energy absorbing structure are both honeycomb structures, thin-walled cylindrical structures, thin-walled square hole structures or origami structures.

[0009] In one embodiment, the friction sleeve includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged in an annular manner, a friction plate is fixed on the outer cylinder, and the buffer energy absorption structure is arranged inside the outer cylinder.

[0010] In one embodiment, a rigid shell is sleeved inside the outer cylinder for adjusting the inner diameter of the outer cylinder.

[0011] In one embodiment, the brake friction sleeve includes a brake outer cylinder and a brake inner cylinder, and the brake friction pads are arranged on the inner wall of the brake outer cylinder and the outer wall of the brake inner cylinder.

[0012] In one embodiment, there are multiple brake inner cylinders and multiple brake outer cylinders, and the multiple brake inner cylinders and the brake outer cylinders are plugged into each other.

[0013] In one embodiment, the fast response pressure relief device is a pressure relief diaphragm, and a prefabricated groove is provided on the pressure relief diaphragm.

[0014] In one embodiment, the gas high pressure chamber is pre-filled with supercritical phase change CO2 gas.

[0015] Based on the same inventive concept, a control method for the above-mentioned buffer friction brake device applicable to high-speed moving objects with different diameters is also provided, comprising:

[0016] Pre-filling the gas high-pressure chamber with high-pressure gas;

[0017] The control system provides signal excitation;

[0018] The gas high-pressure chamber absorbs heat, increases temperature and pressure, and the fast-response pressure relief device breaks open. The high-pressure gas rushes out and pushes the accelerated object to accelerate. The accelerated object hits the friction sleeve and is decelerated by the buffer energy-absorbing structure. The accelerated object moves at the same speed as the friction sleeve and enters the brake friction sleeve for braking and deceleration before stopping.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention offers the following advantages: It is suitable for use in a buffered friction brake device for high-speed moving objects of varying diameters. The high-pressure gas in the gas high-pressure chamber absorbs heat, increasing its temperature and pressure. When the limit pressure is reached, the quick-response pressure relief device ruptures, releasing the high-pressure gas, which pushes the accelerated object to accelerate within the guide cylinder. After being decelerated by the friction sleeve, the object advances at the same speed as the friction sleeve, moving within the guide cylinder's braking section before entering the brake friction sleeve. The friction sleeve and the brake friction sleeve slide relative to each other, providing deceleration through dynamic friction. When the dynamic friction is relatively stable, a similarly stable reverse acceleration can be provided. The relative sliding length between the friction sleeve and the brake friction sleeve can be designed based on the desired braking time, thereby enabling the desired braking distance to be tailored. This method utilizes dynamic friction to provide high-amplitude reverse acceleration for braking. During design, appropriate materials and surface treatment techniques can be selected to ensure that the friction coefficient between the friction sleeve and the brake friction sleeve remains stable under different operating conditions, thereby ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the braking process. Furthermore, precise control of the friction pad's thickness, hardness, and coefficient of friction further optimizes braking performance, maximizing energy conversion efficiency and minimizing energy loss during braking. In practical applications, the friction pad can be customized based on the characteristics of the object being braked to accommodate varying operating environments and braking requirements. Compared to direct braking using cushioning materials or multi-stage energy-absorbing structures, this approach eliminates the need to consider platform stress variations in the impact force transmission structure and design gradient density or variable cross-sectional areas. This simplifies the design and manufacturing of the device, reduces costs, and improves safety and stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to one embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of a buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more comprehensive and detailed form below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0026] See also Figure 1-2 A buffering friction braking device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters includes a gas high-pressure chamber 1 and a guide cylinder 3 sealedly connected to the gas high-pressure chamber 1. A fast-response pressure relief device 2 is provided at one end of the gas high-pressure chamber 1 connected to the guide cylinder 3. The accelerated object 4 is arranged on the side of the fast-response pressure relief device 2 away from the gas high-pressure chamber 1. The guide cylinder 3 is provided with a braking device, which includes: a friction sleeve 7 movably arranged in the guide cylinder 3, and a buffering energy-absorbing structure 6 is provided in the friction sleeve 7. The braking device also includes a braking friction sleeve 9 fixed to the end of the guide cylinder 3, and a braking friction pad 10 is provided in the braking friction sleeve 9. A braking buffering energy-absorbing structure 11 is provided in the braking friction sleeve 9. Specifically, in one embodiment, the fast-response pressure relief device is a pressure relief diaphragm, and a prefabricated groove is provided on the pressure relief diaphragm. In one embodiment, the gas high-pressure chamber is pre-filled with supercritical phase-change CO2 gas.

[0027] Preferably, in one embodiment, both the energy-absorbing buffer structure 6 and the braking energy-absorbing buffer structure 10 are honeycomb structures, thin-walled cylindrical structures, thin-walled square hole structures, or origami structures. The energy-absorbing buffer structure 6 is used to absorb energy and decelerate the accelerated object 4 when it strikes the energy-absorbing buffer structure 6 after entering the friction sleeve 7. The braking energy-absorbing buffer structure 10 is used to absorb energy and decelerate the accelerated object 4 when it strikes the friction sleeve 7 and the accelerated object 4 after entering the braking friction sleeve 9.

[0028] In one embodiment, the friction sleeve 7 comprises an annular outer and inner sleeves. A friction plate 5 is fixed to the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and a buffering energy-absorbing structure 6 is disposed within the outer sleeve. The material selection and design can be tailored to the desired frictional force. The friction plate 5 is secured to the outer sleeve via bonding, bolting, snap fastening, or other methods. This provides a buffering friction force when the accelerated object impacts the friction sleeve 7. Preferably, a rigid shell is sleeved within the outer sleeve to adjust the outer sleeve's inner diameter. The thickness of the friction plate 5 can also be adjusted to adjust the outer sleeve's inner diameter. This allows for braking of high-speed moving objects of varying diameters. This approach effectively addresses situations where the friction sleeve 7 cannot effectively capture the accelerated object 4 due to its small overall size. Furthermore, using a jacket structure instead of the high-speed moving object itself for friction avoids excessive wear on the accelerated object's protective chamber, thereby increasing its service life.

[0029] Specifically, in one embodiment, the brake friction sleeve 9 comprises a brake outer sleeve and a brake inner sleeve, with brake friction pads 10 disposed on the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the outer wall of the inner sleeve. Preferably, multiple brake inner sleeves and multiple brake outer sleeves are provided. During braking, the friction pads interlock with the inner sleeve of the friction sleeve and the multiple brake inner and outer sleeves to generate friction braking. By selecting appropriate materials and surface treatment techniques, the friction pads 5 and 10 can maintain a stable coefficient of friction under different operating conditions, thereby ensuring reliable and repeatable braking. Furthermore, by precisely controlling the thickness and hardness of the friction pads, the braking effect can be further optimized, maximizing energy conversion efficiency and minimizing energy loss during braking. Specifically, depending on the braking conditions, the friction pads 5 and 10 can be made of materials such as asbestos, high-hardness rubber, copper-based friction pads, and fiber-reinforced friction pads.

[0030] The brake friction sleeve 9 provides a stable friction force for braking through friction. During the friction process, the preset compression amount and unit area pressure are The positive pressure on the inner surface of the friction sleeve 7 is formed according to the dynamic friction coefficient μ s , and the friction force is , S is the contact area of ​​the friction plate, according to the inner wall radius r1 and outer wall radius r2 of the brake inner cylinder and the friction plate length l, we can get In addition, a multi-ring inserted friction structure can be designed to achieve higher friction and overload values. In this case, the friction calculation should be .

[0031] The analysis of the accelerated object 4 entering the friction sleeve 7 and reaching the same speed as the friction sleeve after the acceleration is completed, and then entering the brake friction sleeve 9 together and finally braking can be carried out by the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] Where m0 is the mass of the accelerated object 4, v0 is the initial velocity of the accelerated object 4 before entering the friction sleeve 7, and E p E is the ability of the energy-absorbing structure 6 to absorb energy during its crushing process. f1 is the energy absorbed by the friction of the outer tube of the friction sleeve 7, E d1 is the total kinetic energy of the accelerated object 4 and the friction sleeve 7 after they reach the same speed, E f2 is the energy absorbed by the friction of the friction plate of the brake friction sleeve 9, m1 is the total mass of (5) + (6) + (7), F p is the crushing force of the buffer energy absorbing structure 6, x0 is the compression amount of the buffer energy absorbing structure 6, F f1 is the friction force of the outer tube of the friction sleeve 7, d1 is the length of the friction plate of the outer tube of the friction sleeve 7, v1 is the speed of the accelerated object 4 and the friction sleeve 7 after the speed is the same, F f2 is the friction force of the brake friction sleeve 9, and d2 is the friction braking distance of the brake friction sleeve 9. In addition, it is assumed that the crushing force F of the buffer energy absorbing structure 6 during the crushing process is p is relatively stable, then according to the momentum conservation theorem, , the minimum compression required for the buffer energy absorbing structure 6 is calculated by the following formula:

[0034]

[0035] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention further provides a control method for the above-mentioned buffer friction brake device applicable to high-speed moving objects with different diameters, comprising:

[0036] S10, pre-filling the gas high-pressure chamber with high-pressure gas;

[0037] S20, the control system provides a signal excitation;

[0038] S30. The gas high-pressure chamber absorbs heat, increases temperature and pressure, and the fast-response pressure relief device breaks open. The high-pressure gas rushes out and pushes the accelerated object to accelerate. The accelerated object hits the friction sleeve and is decelerated by the buffer energy-absorbing structure. The accelerated object moves at the same speed as the friction sleeve and enters the brake friction sleeve for braking and deceleration before stopping.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention offers the following advantages: It is suitable for use in a buffered friction brake device for high-speed moving objects of varying diameters. The high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas chamber 1 absorbs heat, increases temperature and pressure, and when it reaches its limit pressure, the quick-response pressure relief device 2 ruptures, releasing the high-pressure gas, which pushes the accelerated object 4 into accelerated motion within the guide cylinder 3. After being decelerated by the friction sleeve 7, the object advances at the same speed as the friction sleeve 7, moving within the guide cylinder's braking section 8 before entering the brake friction sleeve 9. The friction sleeve 7 and the brake friction sleeve 9 slide relative to each other, providing deceleration through dynamic friction. When the dynamic friction is relatively stable, it can provide equally stable reverse acceleration. The relative sliding length between the friction sleeve and the brake friction sleeve can be designed based on the desired braking time, allowing for a suitable braking distance to be designed as needed. This method utilizes dynamic friction to provide high-amplitude reverse acceleration for braking. During design, appropriate materials and surface treatment techniques can be selected to ensure that the friction coefficient between the friction sleeve and the brake friction sleeve remains stable under different operating conditions, thereby ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the braking process. Furthermore, precise control of the friction pad's thickness, hardness, and coefficient of friction further optimizes braking performance, maximizing energy conversion efficiency and minimizing energy loss during braking. In practical applications, the friction pad can be customized based on the characteristics of the object being braked to accommodate varying operating environments and braking requirements. Compared to direct braking using cushioning materials or multi-stage energy-absorbing structures, this approach eliminates the need to consider platform stress variations in the impact force transmission structure and design gradient density or variable cross-sectional areas. This simplifies the design and manufacturing of the device, reduces costs, and improves safety and stability.

Claims

1. A buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters, characterized in that: It includes a gas high-pressure chamber and a guide cylinder sealed with the gas high-pressure chamber. One end of the gas high-pressure chamber connected to the guide cylinder is provided with a fast-response pressure relief device, the fast-response pressure relief device is a pressure relief diaphragm, and the pressure relief diaphragm is provided with a prefabricated groove; The accelerated object is arranged on a side of the fast response pressure relief device away from the gas high pressure chamber. The guide cylinder includes a guide cylinder braking section. A braking device is provided in the guide cylinder braking section. The braking device includes: A friction sleeve movably disposed in the guide cylinder, wherein a buffering energy absorbing structure is disposed in the friction sleeve; the friction sleeve comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged in an annular manner, wherein a friction plate is fixed in the outer cylinder, and the buffering energy absorbing structure is disposed inside the outer cylinder; A brake friction sleeve fixed to the end of the brake section of the guide cylinder, wherein a brake friction pad is arranged inside the brake friction sleeve; the brake friction sleeve comprises a brake outer cylinder and a brake inner cylinder, wherein the brake friction pad is arranged on the inner wall of the brake outer cylinder and the outer wall of the brake inner cylinder; A braking buffer energy absorbing structure is provided in the braking friction sleeve.

2. The buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer energy absorption structure and the brake buffer energy absorption structure are both honeycomb structures, thin-walled cylindrical structures, thin-walled square hole structures or origami structures.

3. The buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rigid shell is sleeved inside the outer cylinder for adjusting the inner diameter of the outer cylinder.

4. The buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple brake inner cylinders and multiple brake outer cylinders, and the multiple brake inner cylinders and the brake outer cylinders are plugged into each other.

5. The buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas high-pressure chamber is pre-filled with supercritical phase-change CO2 gas.

6. A control method for a buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: Pre-filling the gas high-pressure chamber with high-pressure gas; The control system provides signal excitation; The gas high-pressure chamber absorbs heat, increases temperature and pressure, and the fast-response pressure relief device breaks open. The high-pressure gas rushes out and pushes the accelerated object to accelerate. The accelerated object hits the friction sleeve and is decelerated by the buffer energy-absorbing structure. The accelerated object moves at the same speed as the friction sleeve and enters the brake friction sleeve for braking and deceleration before stopping.

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