A self-powered variable-stroke semi-active particle damper and its application

Abstract

The present invention relates to a self-powered variable-stroke semi-active particle damper and its application. The self-powered variable-stroke semi-active particle damper includes an outer cavity and an inner cavity rotatably arranged in the outer cavity, the inner cavity is connected to an electric drive component for driving its rotation; a piezoelectric material layer is attached to the inner wall of the inner cavity, and particles that can collide with the piezoelectric material layer and induce the piezoelectric material layer to generate electrical energy are provided in the inner cavity; an energy storage device connected to the piezoelectric material layer, a power distribution device connected to the energy storage device, a sensor for collecting structural vibration signals, and a controller connected to the sensor are provided on the outer cavity, and the power distribution device and the controller are both connected to the electric drive component. The damper can be used in vibration control of various civil structures. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention can achieve dynamic adjustment and self-powered operation under different structural vibrations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of structural vibration control, in particular to a self-powered variable-stroke semi-active particle damper and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, particle damping technology has gained widespread application in vibration control, particularly in civil engineering, building seismic resistance, and wind-induced vibration reduction. Particle dampers operate by dissipating kinetic energy through inelastic collisions and friction between particles and structural surfaces, and between particles themselves. Particle dampers boast a simple structure, significant energy dissipation, low maintenance costs, and strong adaptability, thus occupying a key position in seismic and vibration reduction technology.

[0003] Although particle dampers have many advantages, they still have some limitations: (1) Lack of dynamic adjustment mechanism: Many existing particle dampers use a passive adjustment mechanism and cannot make real-time adjustments according to changes in vibration intensity, resulting in insufficient adaptability when dealing with complex vibration environments. (2) Strong power supply dependence: Most semi-active particle dampers require an external power supply to provide energy support, which limits their application in vibration environments with no power supply or unstable power supply. (3) Noise problem: Existing particle dampers tend to generate large noise during operation, especially when the number and mass of particles are large, which may affect their application effect in some special environments, such as hospitals and control areas of precision equipment.

[0004] To address the above problems, it is necessary to develop a new type of semi-active particle damper that can be dynamically adjusted when the structural vibration intensity changes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper and its application in order to overcome the defects of the existing particle damper, such as lack of dynamic adjustment mechanism and difficulty in self-powered operation.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper comprises an outer cavity and an inner cavity rotatably arranged in the outer cavity, wherein the inner cavity is connected to an electric drive member for driving the inner cavity to rotate;

[0008] A piezoelectric material layer is attached to the inner wall of the inner cavity, and particles are arranged in the inner cavity that can collide with the piezoelectric material layer and induce the piezoelectric material layer to generate electrical energy;

[0009] The outer cavity is provided with an energy storage device connected to the piezoelectric material layer, a power distribution device connected to the energy storage device, a sensor for collecting structural vibration signals and a controller connected to the sensor, and the power distribution device and the controller are both connected to the electric drive component.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner cavity is in a trapezoidal or polygonal shape, and the lengths of the top and bottom are different.

[0011] Furthermore, both ends of the inner cavity are connected with screws, the screw at one end is connected to the electric drive component, and the screw at the other end is connected to the inner wall of the outer cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the material of the piezoelectric material layer includes any one or more of piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric polymers, and piezoelectric composite materials.

[0013] Furthermore, the piezoelectric material layer converts vibration stress generated by the movement and collision of particles in the inner cavity into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage device.

[0014] Furthermore, the particles are single or multiple round particles of the same or different sizes, and the round particles include any one or more of concrete balls, glass balls, ceramic balls or steel balls.

[0015] Furthermore, the density of the particles is 2.5-8 g / cm 3 , the diameter of the particles is 4-100mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the projected area of ​​the particles on the horizontal plane is 20%-40% of the horizontal area of ​​the inner cavity.

[0017] Furthermore, the volume of the particles is 10%-20% of the volume of the inner cavity.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer layer of the piezoelectric material layer is provided with a buffer layer for enhancing energy dissipation.

[0019] Furthermore, the material of the buffer layer is selected from any one or more of rubber, foam plastic, knitted cotton, polyurethane and the like.

[0020] The present invention also provides an application of a self-powered variable-stroke semi-active particle damper in vibration control of civil structures, particularly for dissipating or converting the kinetic energy of a structure under strong external forces such as wind loads or earthquakes.

[0021] The self-powered, variable-stroke, semi-active particle damper of this invention utilizes a motor, controller, and sensor to address the inability of traditional particle dampers to dynamically adjust to changing vibration intensity, while also improving energy efficiency. Combining the principles of particle damping, piezoelectric material energy recovery technology, and a self-powered design, this damper offers the following innovative features:

[0022] (1) Adaptive particle motion: The present invention adjusts the rotation angle of the motor through the controller to drive the cavity unit of the damper to rotate, changing the movement surface and stroke of the particles, thereby optimizing the collision efficiency between the particles and the inner wall of the cavity and improving the energy dissipation effect.

[0023] (2) Piezoelectric energy conversion: The present invention covers the inner wall, top and bottom of the damper cavity with piezoelectric materials. The vibration energy generated by the particles during movement and collision is converted into electrical energy and stored in the energy storage device to provide starting power for the motor, thereby realizing self-powered operation.

[0024] (3) Structural optimization and noise control: The inner cavity of the present invention adopts a trapezoidal or polyhedral structure and is equipped with a buffer material layer, which can effectively absorb the impact force generated by particle collision and reduce noise, thereby improving the comfort of use of the damper.

[0025] (4) Wide adaptability: Through variable stroke adjustment, the damper of the present invention can adapt to different vibration environments, including external effects such as earthquakes and wind loads, according to changes in vibration intensity and frequency, thereby optimizing the seismic performance of the structure.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The self-powered variable-stroke semi-active particle damper of the present invention can dissipate or convert the kinetic energy of the structure through friction and collision under external influences such as wind loads or earthquakes, and semi-actively adjust the stroke of the particles to adapt to different vibration intensities through the cooperation of sensors and electric drive components. It can also convert vibration energy into electrical energy for use by the power drive components through the cooperation of piezoelectric material layers and energy storage devices, thereby realizing the self-powered operation of the damper.

[0028] (2) The self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper of the present invention can convert and store vibration energy into electrical energy through piezoelectric materials and supply electric energy for motor starting. In the absence of external power support, it can still operate self-sufficiently, achieve self-powered operation, avoid dependence on external power supply, and improve system independence.

[0029] (3) The self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper of the present invention combines the particle damping principle, piezoelectric material energy recovery technology and self-powered design. Through the coordinated work of the motor, controller and sensor, it solves the problem that the traditional particle damper cannot be dynamically adjusted when the vibration intensity changes, while improving the energy utilization efficiency.

[0030] (4) The self-powered variable-stroke semi-active particle damper of the present invention optimizes the timing of particle collision through a semi-active control strategy. Compared with traditional passive particle dampers, it can dynamically adjust the stroke of particles according to the vibration intensity, optimize the collision efficiency, broaden the vibration reduction frequency band, and improve the adaptability of the damper.

[0031] (5) The self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper of the present invention can effectively absorb the impact force generated by particle collision by introducing a buffer material layer, reduce noise, and improve the application effect of the system in special environments.

[0032] (6) The damper of the present invention has a simple and compact structure and can be flexibly arranged as needed to adapt to vibration loads in different directions, thereby achieving wide application in various building structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the self-powered variable-stroke semi-active particle damper of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inner cavity of the present invention after being flipped.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a left view of the self-powered variable-stroke semi-active particle damper of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a top view of the self-powered variable-stroke semi-active particle damper of the present invention.

[0037] Description of the marks in the figure:

[0038] 1-outer cavity, 2-inner cavity, 3-electric drive component, 4-piezoelectric material layer, 5-particles, 6-energy storage device, 7-power distribution device, 8-sensor, 9-controller, 10-screw, 11-buffer layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0040] In the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not require further definition or explanation in subsequent drawings.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] A self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, it includes an outer cavity 1 and an inner cavity 2 rotatably arranged in the outer cavity 1, and the inner cavity 2 is connected to an electric drive component 3 for driving the inner cavity 2 to rotate.

[0044] In this embodiment, a piezoelectric material layer 4 is attached to the inner wall of the inner cavity 2 , and particles 5 are provided in the inner cavity 2 , which can collide with the piezoelectric material layer 4 and induce the piezoelectric material layer 4 to generate electrical energy.

[0045] The outer cavity 1 of this embodiment is provided with an energy storage device 6 connected to the piezoelectric material layer 4, a power distribution device 7 connected to the energy storage device 6, a sensor 8 for collecting structural vibration signals, and a controller 9 connected to the sensor 8. The power distribution device 7 and the controller 9 are both connected to the electric drive component 3.

[0046] The outer cavity 1 of this embodiment is arranged horizontally. Under external influences such as wind load or earthquake, the particles 5 dissipate or convert the kinetic energy of the structure through friction and collision. The sensor 8 collects the vibration signal in real time and transmits it to the controller 9. The controller 9 adjusts the rotation of the electric drive 3 to optimize the collision efficiency of the particles 5 with the inner wall of the cavity. By adjusting the stroke of the particles 5 to adapt to different vibration intensities, the seismic performance of the structure is enhanced. During the movement and collision of the particles 5, the piezoelectric material layer 4 converts the vibration energy into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage device 6. The power distribution device 7 adjusts the voltage to provide starting power to the electric drive 3, thereby realizing the self-powered operation of the damper.

[0047] Example 2:

[0048] A self-powered variable-stroke semi-active particle damper comprises an outer cavity 1 and an inner cavity 2 rotatably arranged in the outer cavity 1, wherein the inner cavity 2 is connected to an electric drive member 3 for driving the inner cavity 2 to rotate.

[0049] The inner cavity 2 of this embodiment is shaped like a trapezoid or polygon, with the top and bottom having different lengths. Screws 10 are connected to both ends of the inner cavity 2. The screw 10 at one end is connected to the electric drive 3, and the screw 10 at the other end is connected to the inner wall of the outer cavity 1.

[0050] In this embodiment, a piezoelectric material layer 4 is attached to the inner wall of the inner cavity 2. The piezoelectric material layer 4 can be made of any one or more of piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric polymers, and piezoelectric composite materials. The piezoelectric material layer 4 converts the vibration stress generated by the movement and collision of particles 5 within the inner cavity 2 into electrical energy, which is stored in the energy storage device 6. The outer layer of the piezoelectric material layer 4 is provided with a buffer layer 11 for enhancing energy dissipation. The material of the buffer layer 11 can be any one or more of rubber, foam plastic, knitted cotton, polyurethane, etc.

[0051] In this embodiment, the inner cavity 2 is provided with particles 5 that can collide with the piezoelectric material layer 4 and induce the piezoelectric material layer 4 to generate electrical energy. The particles 5 are single or multiple round particles of the same or different sizes, and the round particles include any one or more of concrete balls, glass balls, ceramic balls, or steel balls. The density of the particles 5 is 2.5-8 g / cm 3 The diameter of the particle 5 is 4-100 mm. The projected area of ​​the particle 5 on the horizontal plane is 20%-40% of the horizontal area of ​​the inner cavity 2. The volume of the particle 5 is 10%-20% of the volume of the inner cavity 2.

[0052] The outer cavity 1 of this embodiment is provided with an energy storage device 6 connected to the piezoelectric material layer 4, a power distribution device 7 connected to the energy storage device 6, a sensor 8 for collecting structural vibration signals, and a controller 9 connected to the sensor 8. The power distribution device 7 and the controller 9 are both connected to the electric drive component 3.

[0053] Example 3:

[0054] This embodiment provides a self-powered variable-stroke semi-active particle damper, which primarily includes an outer cavity 1, an inner cavity 2, an electric drive 3, a screw 10, particles 5, a controller 9, a sensor 8, a power distribution device 7, an energy storage device 6, a piezoelectric material layer 4, and a buffer layer 11. The damper is designed to achieve structural energy dissipation and vibration reduction by adjusting the motion stroke of the particles 5. The functions and coordination of each component are as follows:

[0055] The inner cavity 2 is welded from 5mm-10mm thick steel plates to form a trapezoidal or polyhedral structure. The front length of the inner cavity 2 is determined based on calculations. The cavity is connected to the outer cavity 1 via a screw 10, providing a stable accommodation space for the particles 5. The inner cavity 2 has a trapezoidal or polygonal structure, with a longer top and a shorter bottom, or with sides of varying lengths. The particles 5 can move between the top and bottom of the inner cavity 2 as the cavity rotates.

[0056] Round particles 5 are placed in the inner cavity 2 of the damper. The diameter of the particles 5 is 4-100 mm and the density is 2.5-8 g / cm 3 . The projected area of ​​the particles 5 accounts for 20%-40% of the horizontal area of ​​the inner cavity unit, and its volume accounts for 10%-20% of the volume of the inner cavity unit. The design of the particles 5 ensures effective collision and friction between the particles 5 and the particles 5, and between the particles 5 and the inner wall of the inner cavity 2, thereby optimizing the dissipation of energy. The particles 5 of this embodiment are composed of single or multiple round particles 5 of the same or different sizes, and the particles 5 can be selected from any one or more of concrete balls, glass balls, ceramic balls or steel balls. The surface of the particles 5 can have a coating or special treatment to increase the friction coefficient or reduce wear.

[0057] A buffer layer 11 is attached to the inner wall of the inner cavity 2 and the surface where the particles 5 move. The buffer layer 11 can be made of 5mm thick rubber, foam plastic, knitted cotton or polyurethane. The purpose is to improve the energy absorption capacity of the particles 5 when they collide. The buffer layer 11 has high wear resistance, heat resistance and aging resistance. It can withstand repeated vibrations and collisions without being easily damaged, and can still maintain its good buffering effect in an environment with large temperature changes. During the collision process of the particles 5, the buffer layer 11 is mainly used to reduce the impact force between the particles 5 and the inner wall of the inner cavity 2, improve the energy dissipation efficiency of the particles 5, thereby effectively reducing the vibration response of the structure and extending the service life of the system.

[0058] A piezoelectric material layer 4 is affixed to the bottom of the buffer layer 11 for converting vibration energy into electrical energy. The piezoelectric material layer 4 is connected to the energy storage device 6 via a wire to achieve the storage of vibration energy. The piezoelectric material layer 4 can be selected from any one or more of piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric polymers or other piezoelectric composite materials. The piezoelectric material layer 4 converts the vibration stress generated by the particles 5 in the cavity during movement and collision into electrical energy, and stores it in the energy storage device to provide starting power for the electric drive 3 and support the self-powered operation of the damper. During the movement and collision of the particles 5, the piezoelectric material layer 4 can effectively improve the energy recovery efficiency and convert excess vibration energy into electrical energy, thereby enhancing the energy self-sufficiency of the damper.

[0059] The energy storage device 6 is used to store the electric energy converted by the piezoelectric material layer 4 and provide sufficient power to power the driving component 3. The energy storage device 6 is connected to the power distribution device 7, which regulates the voltage to provide the required electric energy for the electric driving component 3.

[0060] The electric drive 3 is connected to the screw 10 and is used to drive the rotation of the inner cavity 2. The rotation angle of the electric drive 3 is adjusted by the controller 9 based on the signal from the sensor 8, thereby adjusting the movement range of the particles 5, optimizing the collision effect between the particles 5 and the inner wall of the inner cavity 2, and improving energy dissipation efficiency. The electric drive 3 of this embodiment can be a conventional DC motor.

[0061] Controller 9 is connected between sensor 8 and electric drive 3. Sensor 8 is used to monitor and collect the vibration intensity and frequency changes of the structure in real time, and feed the signals back to controller 9. Based on these signals, controller 9 adjusts the rotation angle of electric drive 3, changing the working position and movement range of particles 5, thereby optimizing the collision timing and efficiency of particles 5 with the inner wall of inner cavity 2, ensuring good vibration reduction under different vibration environments.

[0062] The working principle of the self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper of this embodiment is:

[0063] Multiple outer cavities 1 are arranged horizontally. Under external influences such as wind loads or earthquakes, the particles 5 dissipate or convert the kinetic energy of the structure through friction and collision, and the buffer layer 11 further improves the energy consumption effect. The sensor 8 collects the vibration signal in real time and transmits it to the controller 9. The controller 9 adjusts the rotation of the electric drive 3 to optimize the collision efficiency between the particles 5 and the inner wall of the cavity. The damper can adjust the stroke of the particles 5 and adapt to different vibration intensities to achieve efficient control of vibration, thereby enhancing the seismic performance of the structure. During the movement and collision of the particles 5, the piezoelectric material layer 4 converts the vibration energy into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage device 6. The distribution device 7 connects the energy storage device 6 and the electric drive 3. The distribution device 7 adjusts the voltage to provide starting power to the electric drive 3, thereby realizing the self-powered operation of the damper.

[0064] The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be apparent that those skilled in the art can readily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without requiring inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper, characterized in that: It comprises an outer cavity (1) and an inner cavity (2) rotatably arranged in the outer cavity (1), wherein the inner cavity (2) is connected to an electric drive component (3) for driving the inner cavity (2) to rotate; A piezoelectric material layer (4) is attached to the inner wall of the inner cavity (2), and particles (5) capable of colliding with the piezoelectric material layer (4) and inducing the piezoelectric material layer (4) to generate electrical energy are provided in the inner cavity (2); The outer cavity (1) is provided with an energy storage device (6) connected to the piezoelectric material layer (4), a power distribution device (7) connected to the energy storage device (6), a sensor (8) for collecting structural vibration signals, and a controller (9) connected to the sensor (8), and the power distribution device (7) and the controller (9) are both connected to the electric drive component (3).

2. A self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity (2) is in the shape of a polygonal structure, and the lengths of the top and bottom are different.

3. The self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the inner cavity (2) are connected to screw rods (10), the screw rod (10) at one end is connected to the electric drive component (3), and the screw rod (10) at the other end is connected to the inner wall of the outer cavity (1).

4. The self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the piezoelectric material layer (4) includes any one or more of piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric polymers, and piezoelectric composite materials; The piezoelectric material layer (4) converts the vibration stress generated by the movement and collision of the particles (5) in the inner cavity (2) into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage device (6).

5. The self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particles (5) are single or multiple round particles of the same or different sizes, and the round particles include any one or more of concrete balls, glass balls, ceramic balls or steel balls.

6. The self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The density of the particles (5) is 2.5-8 g / cm³, and the diameter of the particles (5) is 4-100 mm.

7. The self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projected area of ​​the particles (5) on the horizontal plane is 20%-40% of the horizontal area of ​​the inner cavity (2).

8. The self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the particles (5) is 10%-20% of the volume of the inner cavity (2).

9. The self-powered variable stroke semi-active particle damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer layer of the piezoelectric material layer (4) is provided with a buffer layer (11) for enhancing energy dissipation; The material of the buffer layer (11) is selected from any one or more of rubber, foam plastic, knitted cotton, and polyurethane.

10. Use of the self-powered variable-stroke semi-active particle damper according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in vibration control of civil engineering structures.

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