Chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of waste salt incineration and resource utilization, and discloses a chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device and method.The chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device comprises an adiabatic furnace and a waste heat furnace connected with the adiabatic furnace; a combustor is arranged at the top of the heat insulation furnace; feeding equipment is arranged at the upper part of the heat insulation furnace; a slag discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the heat insulation furnace; a flue gas outlet is formed in the lower part of the heat insulation furnace; an air preheater is arranged in the waste heat furnace and connected with the combustor through a hot air header pipe. The burner is arranged, waste salt and air are sprayed through the feeding equipment at the same time, the combustion temperature can be controlled to be 1100 DEG C or above by means of a small amount of auxiliary fuel, organic matter in the waste salt can be thoroughly removed, the problems that a molten salt nozzle is blocked and feeding is not stable can be solved, the slag removal burner is further arranged, and the slag removal effect is good. The problem that molten salt slag is difficult to discharge can be effectively solved, and meanwhile the purpose of flue gas up-to-standard discharge is achieved through a follow-up flue gas purification facility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of waste salt incineration and resource utilization, and in particular to a device and method for incineration disposal and resource utilization of chemical waste salt. Background Art

[0002] As national environmental protection standards become increasingly stringent, the requirements for the total salt content of wastewater discharged by production enterprises are also getting higher and higher. When producing intermediates or products in the fields of petrochemicals, coal chemicals, pesticides, printing and dyeing, pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, etc., a large amount of waste salt (mostly alkali metal salts) is generated. Because they contain toxic and harmful chemicals, they cannot be used directly as industrial raw materials and are stored and treated. With the production of enterprises, waste salt gradually fills up warehouses and occupies a large amount of outdoor land. Most of the toxic organic substances contained in the soluble salts will be lost with rainwater, seriously damaging the surrounding vegetation and causing serious impacts on the local environment. Therefore, the effective and resource-based treatment of this type of by-product waste salt has become a difficult problem that the chemical industry urgently needs to overcome.

[0003] At present, physical, chemical and high-temperature heat treatment methods are often used to detoxify waste salt, recover industrial salt that meets the standards, and reuse it in industrial production, thereby realizing the recycling of industrial salt. The physical methods for removing organic matter from waste salt mainly include salt washing, extraction and adsorption. The chemical method is to dissolve the waste salt in water and then use deep oxidation technology to degrade organic pollutants to achieve the harmlessness of waste salt. Commonly used organic oxidation technologies include advanced oxidation, wet catalytic oxidation and hydrothermal oxidation technology, as well as electrochemical oxidation. High-temperature heat treatment refers to a method of removing organic matter from waste salt by heating it to a boiling point or pyrolysis temperature, which mainly includes pyrolysis carbonization and high-temperature melting.

[0004] The efficiency of the pyrolysis carbonization method is greatly affected by the heat treatment conditions and equipment, and the removal of organic matter is limited. The high-temperature melting method removes organic matter at a temperature higher than the melting point of the waste salt. The reaction temperature is generally between 800 and 1200°C. At this time, the waste salt is dissolved. At this temperature, the organic matter in the waste salt is completely removed, and the removal efficiency is high. However, there are also engineering problems such as easy blockage of the molten salt nozzle, unstable feed, and difficulty in accurately controlling the flue gas residence time. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of low efficiency of waste salt disposal and removal, easy blockage of molten salt nozzles, unstable feeding, and difficult to control the residence time of high-temperature flue gas in the prior art, and to provide a chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device and method. The present invention is provided with a burner and waste salt and air are sprayed simultaneously through a feeding device. The combustion temperature can be controlled at 1100°C and above using less fuel, so that organic matter in the waste salt can be completely removed, and the problems of blockage of the molten salt nozzle and unstable feeding can be avoided. A slag cleaning burner is further provided, which can effectively solve the problem of difficulty in discharging molten salt slag. At the same time, the purpose of achieving standard flue gas emissions is achieved through subsequent flue gas purification facilities.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides, on one hand, a chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device, comprising an insulation furnace and a waste heat furnace connected to the insulation furnace;

[0007] A burner is provided on the top of the adiabatic furnace, and the burner is used to burn fuel to generate fuel smoke and provide heat;

[0008] A feeding device is provided on the upper part of the adiabatic furnace, and the feeding device is used to spray waste salt and air into the adiabatic furnace, and the waste salt and air contact with the fuel flue gas in the adiabatic furnace and burn to generate waste salt flue gas and inorganic salt alkali ash;

[0009] The bottom of the adiabatic furnace is provided with a slag discharge port for discharging inorganic salt-alkali ash;

[0010] The lower part of the insulation furnace is provided with a smoke outlet, and the fuel smoke and waste salt smoke are discharged through the smoke outlet and enter the waste heat furnace;

[0011] An air preheater is provided in the waste heat furnace, and the air preheater is connected to the burner through a hot air main pipe. The fuel smoke and waste salt smoke from the adiabatic furnace pass through the air preheater to heat the air therein, and the heated air is sent to the burner through the hot air main pipe for combustion.

[0012] Preferably, the feeding device comprises a feeding air duct and a plurality of feeding nozzles connected to the feeding air duct;

[0013] The feeding air duct is an annular air duct and is arranged on the outer periphery of the insulation furnace;

[0014] The feeding nozzle is arranged on the outer wall of the heat-insulating furnace and inserted into the cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the insulation furnace is further provided with an air supply device, which is connected to the hot air main pipe and is used for spraying heated air from the hot air main pipe into the insulation furnace.

[0016] Preferably, the air supply device is located below the feeding device;

[0017] The air supply device includes an air supply duct and a plurality of air supply nozzles connected to the air supply duct;

[0018] The air supply duct is an annular duct and is arranged on the outer periphery of the insulation furnace;

[0019] The air supply nozzle is arranged on the outer wall of the heat-insulating furnace and inserted into the cylinder.

[0020] Preferably, a slag cleaning burner is also provided at the bottom of the insulation furnace. The slag cleaning burner is located above the slag discharge port and is connected to the hot air main pipe. The heated air from the hot air main pipe enters the slag cleaning burner for combustion to provide heat.

[0021] Preferably, a steam superheater and an economizer are further provided in the waste heat furnace, and the air preheater is located between the steam superheater and the economizer;

[0022] The fuel flue gas and waste salt flue gas from the adiabatic furnace pass through the steam superheater to heat the steam therein, then pass through the air preheater to heat the air therein, and finally pass through the economizer to heat the boiler feed water.

[0023] Preferably, a water-cooled wall is provided on the inner wall between the smoke inlet of the waste heat furnace and the steam superheater.

[0024] Preferably, the chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device also includes a steam drum arranged above the waste heat furnace, the upper outlet of the water-cooled wall is connected to the inlet of the steam drum through a riser, the water outlet of the steam drum is connected to the lower inlet of the water-cooled wall through a downcomer, and the steam outlet of the steam drum is connected to the steam inlet of the steam superheater through a steam outlet pipe.

[0025] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for incineration disposal and resource utilization of chemical waste salt, which is implemented in the above-mentioned incineration disposal and resource utilization of chemical waste salt, and the method comprises:

[0026] Control the burner on the top of the adiabatic furnace to burn fuel to produce fuel flue gas and provide heat;

[0027] The waste salt and air are sprayed into the adiabatic furnace by the feeding equipment on the upper part of the adiabatic furnace. The waste salt and air are in contact with the fuel flue gas in the adiabatic furnace and burn to generate waste salt flue gas and inorganic salt-alkali ash. The inorganic salt-alkali ash is discharged from the slag discharge port at the bottom of the adiabatic furnace.

[0028] The fuel flue gas and waste salt flue gas are discharged through the flue gas outlet at the bottom of the insulation furnace and enter the waste heat furnace. Then, they pass through the air preheater in the waste heat furnace to heat the air therein. The heated air is sent to the burner through the hot air main pipe for combustion.

[0029] Preferably, the waste salt and air are in contact with the fuel flue gas in an adiabatic furnace and the combustion temperature is ≥ 1100°C.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] The chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device of the present invention has a burner arranged on the top of an insulated furnace to provide high-temperature flue gas required for the disposal of waste salt combustion, and air and waste salt are sprayed into the furnace through a feeding device arranged on the upper part of the insulated furnace, which can not only feed the waste salt into the furnace but also provide air required for the combustion of organic matter in the waste salt, and a slag discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the insulated furnace; the combustion of the waste salt is in the furnace of the insulated furnace (the cross section of the furnace is circular), which can greatly reduce the heat dissipation loss and maintain the high temperature in the furnace, and the combustion temperature in the furnace is controlled by adjusting the amount of auxiliary fuel (fuel gas, fuel oil, etc.), and an air preheater is arranged at the same time, and the air preheater is connected to the burner. After the air preheater is arranged, the temperature of the combustion air entering the furnace can be effectively increased, and the organic matter in the waste salt in the insulated furnace can be completely burned, thereby reducing the auxiliary fuel consumption of the insulated furnace, and at the same time, the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas generated by the insulated furnace is recovered; the waste salt treated by the device can achieve an organic matter incineration removal rate of ≥99.99% and a thermal burning reduction rate of <5%, which is convenient for users to dispose of and utilize resources. The present invention can be applied to the fields of petrochemical industry, coal chemical industry, pesticide, printing and dyeing, pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, etc., to achieve the harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization of waste salt, reduce the volume of waste salt before final disposal, and convert harmful substances in waste salt into harmless substances, thereby realizing the recycling of waste salt and turning waste into treasure, and at the same time recovering the waste heat of high-temperature flue gas generated during the incineration disposal process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device of the present invention.

[0033] Description of Reference Numerals

[0034] 1. Insulation furnace; 2. Waste heat furnace; 3. Burner; 4. Feeding equipment; 5. Slag discharge port; 6. Air preheater; 7. Hot air main pipe; 8. Air supply equipment; 9. Slag removal burner; 10. Steam superheater; 11. Economizer; 12. Steam drum; 13. Air duct for burner; 14. Air duct for slag removal burner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

[0037] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0038] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments provided by the present invention can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1 The chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device shown includes an insulation furnace 1 and a waste heat furnace 2 connected to the insulation furnace 1;

[0041] A burner 3 is provided on the top of the insulated furnace 1, and the burner 3 is used to burn fuel to generate fuel smoke and provide heat;

[0042] A feeding device 4 is provided on the upper part of the adiabatic furnace 1, and the feeding device 4 is used to spray waste salt and air into the adiabatic furnace 1. The waste salt and air contact with the fuel flue gas in the adiabatic furnace 1 and burn to generate waste salt flue gas and inorganic salt alkali ash;

[0043] A slag discharge port 5 is provided at the bottom of the adiabatic furnace 1 for discharging inorganic salt-alkali ash;

[0044] A flue gas outlet is provided at the lower part of the insulation furnace 1, and the fuel flue gas and waste salt flue gas are discharged through the flue gas outlet and enter the waste heat furnace 2;

[0045] An air preheater 6 is provided in the waste heat furnace 2, and the air preheater 6 is connected to the burner 3 through a hot air main pipe 7. The fuel flue gas and waste salt flue gas from the insulated furnace 1 pass through the air preheater 6 to heat the air therein, and the heated air is sent to the burner 3 through the hot air main pipe 7 for combustion.

[0046] Among them, the outer wall of the insulated furnace 1 of the present invention is made of steel plate, and the inner wall is provided with an insulation material layer and a refractory material layer in sequence. The material of the insulation material layer is the insulation material commonly used in the field for heat preservation; the material of the refractory material layer is the refractory material commonly used in the field to reduce heat dissipation loss.

[0047] The burner 3 of the present invention burns auxiliary fuel, which may be fuel gas, fuel oil, etc. The auxiliary fuel is mainly burned to generate high-temperature fuel flue gas to provide heat for the combustion of waste salt. The specific composition and specific amount of the auxiliary fuel used are related to the specific components of the waste salt. Because different wastes have different calorific values, the amount of auxiliary fuel required is different. Therefore, the amount or composition of the auxiliary fuel can be adjusted, as long as the burner 3 can make the temperature in the adiabatic furnace 1 reach the temperature (≥1100°C) at which the waste salt is fully burned after burning these auxiliary fuels (at the same time, the heat dissipation loss of the adiabatic furnace 1 is very small) (for example, the amount of auxiliary fuel can be increased, and auxiliary fuels with high combustion calorific value can be used to make the temperature in the adiabatic furnace 1 ≥1100°C).

[0048] Since the present invention adopts an insulated furnace 1 with good heat preservation effect, compared with the existing disposal method, the present invention can use less auxiliary fuel to make the temperature in the insulated furnace 1 reach the requirement of ≥1100°C (for example, when the auxiliary fuel is natural gas, one ton of waste salt is processed, and the combustion temperature of the waste salt is ≥1100°C, compared with the existing disposal method, the device of the present invention can use 200-300 cubic meters less natural gas per hour; and if the processed waste salt also has calorific value, the auxiliary fuel required by the present invention will be less).

[0049] Furthermore, when treating waste salt, since the high-temperature fuel flue gas needs to stay in the insulated furnace 1 for ≥2s, the insulated furnace 1 used in the present invention can select a furnace of appropriate height and size according to the specific amount of high-temperature fuel flue gas, so that the high-temperature fuel flue gas stays in the insulated furnace 1 for ≥2s, which can better control the residence time of the high-temperature flue gas.

[0050] Since the burner 3 needs oxygen to burn the auxiliary fuel, the burner 3 of the present invention is connected to the air preheater 6 via the hot air main pipe 7. In a preferred case, the burner 3 of the present invention is also connected to the hot air main pipe 7 via the burner air duct 13, and the exhaust port of the air preheater 6 is connected to the hot air main pipe 7; the heated air from the air preheater 6 passes through the hot air main pipe 7 through the exhaust port, and is sent into the burner 3 through the burner air duct 13 to participate in the combustion; sending the heated air from the air preheater 6 into the burner 3 to participate in the combustion can effectively increase the combustion temperature, reduce the consumption of auxiliary fuel, and improve the stability and sufficiency of the combustion in the insulated furnace 1.

[0051] Furthermore, a first damper is provided on the burner air duct 13 for controlling whether to supply air to the burner 3 and adjusting the amount of air supply.

[0052] The burner 3 used in the present invention is an oil / gas burner conventionally used in the art.

[0053] Furthermore, the feeding equipment 4 includes a feeding air duct and a plurality of feeding nozzles connected to the feeding air duct; wherein the feeding air duct is an annular air duct and is arranged on the periphery of the insulated furnace 1; and the plurality of feeding nozzles are all arranged on the outer wall of the insulated furnace 1 and inserted into the cylinder, and the plurality of feeding nozzles are evenly spaced along the periphery of the insulated furnace.

[0054] Under the preferred condition of the present invention, the air is first pressurized by a powder feeding fan and then preheated to obtain preheated air, and then the preheated air is fed into an air-powder mixer, in which the preheated air is evenly mixed with solid waste salt (produced when producing intermediates or products in the fields of petrochemicals, coal chemical industry, pesticides, printing and dyeing, pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, etc.), and then fed into a feeding air duct (a second air door is also provided on the pipeline connecting the feeding air duct and the air-powder mixer to control whether to feed the feeding air duct), and then the evenly mixed preheated air and solid waste salt are evenly sprayed into the adiabatic furnace 1 through multiple feeding nozzles (the number of feeding nozzles and the size of the spraying speed depend on the specific operating conditions, as long as the solid waste salt can be evenly sprayed into the adiabatic furnace 1).

[0055] However, due to the different specific compositions of solid waste salt, the solid waste salt may absorb moisture and become compacted. Therefore, the air is preheated before being contacted and mixed with the solid waste salt. The purpose is to dry the solid waste salt. Therefore, the solid waste salt is mixed with the preheated air and then fed into the insulated furnace 1 through the feeding device 4. On the one hand, this is to dry the solid waste salt and prevent the solid waste salt from compacting and clogging the nozzle, so as to ensure stable and uniform feeding; on the other hand, it is also to provide oxygen for the combustion of the solid waste salt. The preheated air can not only dry the solid waste salt but also transport the waste salt into the insulated furnace 1 to prevent the solid waste salt from compacting, and at the same time provide oxygen for the incineration of organic matter in the waste salt in the insulated furnace 1. The amount of preheated air used can be sufficient to dry the solid waste salt.

[0056] In a specific case, after the burner 3 burns the auxiliary fuel, high-temperature fuel flue gas is generated. The high-temperature fuel flue gas flows downward, thereby increasing the temperature in the insulated furnace 1 and reaching the temperature for complete combustion of organic matter in the waste salt. The evenly mixed preheated air and solid waste salt are evenly sprayed into the insulated furnace 1 through multiple feeding nozzles, and come into contact with the high-temperature fuel flue gas generated by the burner 3. The high-temperature fuel flue gas provides heat and is also radiated by the high-temperature flame of the burner 3. The solid waste salt is heated. After reaching a certain temperature, the solid waste salt and the air begin to burn (the organic matter in the solid waste salt will begin to burn). After complete combustion, waste salt flue gas (waste salt flue gas is the flue gas generated by the complete combustion of organic matter in the waste salt) and inorganic salt alkali ash are generated, and the high-temperature fuel flue gas does not participate in the waste salt combustion reaction.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, if the amount of preheated air sprayed into the insulated furnace 1 along with multiple feeding nozzles is insufficient to completely burn and decompose the solid waste salt, air will be supplemented again to ensure that the solid waste salt is fully burned. Based on this, the insulated furnace 1 of the present invention is also provided with an air supply device 8, which is connected to the hot air main pipe 7 and is used to spray the heated air from the hot air main pipe 7 into the insulated furnace 1 (spraying heated air is also for effectively increasing the combustion temperature and reducing the consumption of auxiliary fuel). The solid waste salt that is not fully burned contacts the heated air sprayed into the insulated furnace 1 by the air supply device 8 during the descending process. Similarly, under the high temperature provided by the high-temperature fuel flue gas, the organic matter in the solid waste salt can be fully burned (if the amount of preheated air sprayed into the insulated furnace 1 along with multiple feeding nozzles can completely burn and decompose the solid waste salt, the air supply device 8 is turned off. At this time, the air supply device 8 is not required to spray the heated air from the hot air main pipe 7 into the insulated furnace 1).

[0058] Furthermore, the air supply device 8 is located below the feeding device 4 .

[0059] In a specific implementation, the air supply device 8 is located in the middle of the insulated furnace 1 .

[0060] Among them, the air supply equipment 8 includes an air supply duct and multiple air supply nozzles connected to the air supply duct; the air supply duct is an annular duct and is arranged on the periphery of the insulated furnace 1; the multiple air supply nozzles are all arranged on the outer wall of the insulated furnace 1 and inserted into the cylinder, and the multiple air supply nozzles are evenly spaced along the periphery of the insulated furnace.

[0061] In the present invention, the annular air duct is an annular air duct surrounding the furnace body, and the burner air duct 13, the feed air duct and the air supply air duct are all welded from carbon steel plates, and the cross-sectional shape is rectangular or circular. The main function of the feed air duct is to distribute materials (solid waste salt and preheated air) to each feed nozzle, and to try to make the material amount of each feed nozzle distributed evenly; the main function of the air supply duct is to distribute the combustion air supply to each air supply nozzle, and to try to make the air volume of each air supply nozzle distributed evenly.

[0062] The feed nozzle and the air supply nozzle in the present invention are both common nozzles in the art.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the air supply duct is connected to the hot air main pipe 7 through an air supply pipe, and the heated air from the air preheater 6 passes through the hot air main pipe 7 through the exhaust port, enters the air supply duct through the air supply pipe, and then is evenly sprayed into the insulated furnace 1 through multiple air supply nozzles.

[0064] In the present invention, the number of air supply nozzles and the size of the spraying speed are determined according to the specific operating conditions, as long as the heated air can be evenly sprayed into the insulated furnace 1 and the air has a certain rigidity (that is, ensuring that the sprayed air can cover the cross-section of the furnace).

[0065] In a preferred case, the solid waste salt is fully burned to generate waste salt flue gas and inorganic salt alkali ash (the inorganic salt alkali ash is in a molten state), wherein the inorganic salt alkali ash falls into the bottom of the insulation furnace 1 and is discharged from the insulation furnace 1 through the slag discharge port 5. Furthermore, the slag discharge port 5 is also connected to a slag discharge device. After the inorganic salt alkali ash is discharged from the insulation furnace 1 through the slag discharge port 5, it enters the slag discharge device for subsequent processing; specifically, the slag discharge device can be a slag discharger commonly found in the art.

[0066] In a specific implementation manner, there may be a small amount of inorganic salt-alkali ash, a low temperature at the bottom of the insulation furnace 1, and easy air leakage at the slag discharge port 5. This will cause the inorganic salt-alkali ash falling on the bottom of the insulation furnace 1 to cool and coke, and the inorganic salt-alkali ash is difficult to be discharged from the slag discharge port 5 after coking. At this time, the coked inorganic salt-alkali ash needs to be reheated to make it molten for easy discharge. Based on this, a slag cleaning burner 9 is also provided at the bottom of the insulation furnace 1. The slag cleaning burner 9 also provides heat by burning auxiliary fuel. The slag cleaning burner 9 also needs oxygen to burn the auxiliary fuel, so the slag cleaning burner The burner 9 is located above the slag discharge port 5 and is connected to the hot air main pipe 7. The heated air from the hot air main pipe 7 enters the slag cleaning burner 9 for combustion, providing heat to increase the temperature here (the purpose of transporting heated air to the slag cleaning burner 9 is also to effectively increase the combustion temperature, make the combustion more complete, and reduce the consumption of auxiliary fuel). It is used to heat the coked inorganic salt alkali ash to make it molten for easy discharge (if the inorganic salt alkali ash is still in a molten state when it falls to the bottom of the insulated furnace 1 and can be directly discharged from the slag discharge port 5, there is no need to open the slag cleaning burner 9 for combustion).

[0067] The slag cleaning burner 9 in the present invention is an oil / gas burner conventionally used in the art.

[0068] Furthermore, the slag cleaning burner 9 is connected to the hot air main pipe 7 through the slag cleaning burner air duct 14, and the heated air from the air preheater 6 passes through the hot air main pipe 7 through the exhaust port and enters the slag cleaning burner 9 through the slag cleaning burner air duct 14 for combustion.

[0069] In a preferred case, a branch pipe is also connected to the hot air main pipe 7, the air supply duct is connected to the branch pipe through the air supply pipe, and the slag cleaning burner 9 is connected to the branch pipe through the air duct 14 for the slag cleaning burner. The heated air in the hot air main pipe 7 is respectively transported to the air supply duct and the air duct 14 for the slag cleaning burner through the branch pipe, and a third air gate is provided on the air supply duct to control whether air is supplied to the air supply duct; a fourth air gate is also provided on the air duct 14 for the slag cleaning burner to control whether air is supplied to the slag cleaning burner 9 (similarly, the third air gate and the fourth air gate can adjust the amount of air supply).

[0070] The insulation furnace 1 and the waste heat furnace 2 in the present invention can be vertical insulation furnaces and vertical waste heat furnaces commonly used in the art, or can be Figure 1 The shown figures are the supported insulated furnace and the suspended waste heat furnace commonly used in the art.

[0071] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the smoke outlet of the insulation furnace 1 is connected to the smoke inlet of the waste heat furnace 2, and an expansion joint is provided at the connection, and a water-cooled wall is provided on the inner wall between the smoke inlet of the waste heat furnace 2 and the steam superheater 10. Because the material at the smoke outlet of the insulation furnace 1 is steel plate material, it expands upward, and there is a water-cooled wall tube at the smoke inlet of the waste heat furnace 2, which expands downward, an expansion joint is provided to absorb the expansion of the connection.

[0072] In specific circumstances, the high-temperature fuel flue gas generated by the combustion of the burner 3 and the waste salt flue gas generated by the combustion of the waste salt both flow downward, and enter the waste heat furnace 2 through the flue gas outlet of the insulation furnace 1 and the smoke inlet of the waste heat furnace 2 in turn (the flue gas generated by the combustion of the slag cleaning burner 9 will also enter the waste heat furnace 2 through the flue gas outlet of the insulation furnace 1 and the smoke inlet of the waste heat furnace 2 in turn to participate in the subsequent heat exchange process).

[0073] Furthermore, a steam superheater 10 and an economizer 11 are also provided in the waste heat furnace 2, and the air preheater 6 is located between the steam superheater 10 and the economizer 11; the high-temperature fuel flue gas and waste salt flue gas from the insulated furnace 1 pass through the water-cooled wall and then pass through the steam superheater 10, the air preheater 6 and the economizer 11 in sequence.

[0074] In the present invention, the water-cooled wall used is a membrane-type water-cooled wall conventionally used in the art, and a heat-insulating material layer is also provided on the outer wall of the waste heat furnace 2 .

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device of the present invention further comprises a steam drum 12 arranged above the waste heat furnace 2 (the steam drum 12 is located outside the waste heat furnace 2 and is not affected by flue gas scouring), the upper outlet of the water-cooled wall is connected to the inlet of the steam drum 12 through a riser, the water outlet of the steam drum 12 is connected to the lower inlet of the water-cooled wall through a downcomer, and the steam outlet of the steam drum 12 is connected to the steam inlet of the steam superheater 10 through a steam outlet pipe; boiler feed water is installed in the water-cooled wall, and the high-temperature fuel flue gas and waste salt flue gas from the insulated furnace 1 are heat-exchanged with the boiler feed water through the water-cooled wall, and the water-cooled wall absorbs the heat of the high-temperature fuel flue gas and the waste salt flue gas to heat the boiler feed water into a steam-water mixture, and the steam-water mixture is discharged from the upper part of the water-cooled wall. The outlet flows through the riser and enters the steam drum 12 through the inlet of the steam drum 12, where steam and water are separated. The separated steam passes through the steam outlet of the steam drum 12 through the steam outlet pipe and enters the steam superheater 10 through the steam inlet of the steam superheater 10. The separated water flows from the water outlet of the steam drum 12 through the downcomer and returns to the water-cooled wall through the lower inlet of the water-cooled wall to participate in heat exchange. After the high-temperature fuel flue gas and the waste salt flue gas pass through the water-cooled wall, they pass through the steam superheater 10 and participate in the heat exchange process of the steam superheater 10 to heat the steam in the steam superheater 10. The steam absorbs the heat in the flue gas and further heats up. The further heated steam can be sent to the steam turbine for cogeneration of heat and power.

[0076] The steam superheater 10 used in the present invention is a screen-type structure, which is conducive to dust cleaning.

[0077] In a specific embodiment, the air inlet of the air preheater 6 is connected to a blower, and the blower is used to transport air. The air transported by the blower enters the air preheater 6 through the air inlet, and the high-temperature fuel flue gas and waste salt flue gas after passing through the steam superheater 10 pass through the air preheater 6 and participate in the heat exchange process of the air preheater 6 to heat the air in the air preheater 6 (the air in the air preheater 6 also absorbs the heat of these flue gases, thereby reducing the flue gas temperature and increasing the air temperature. The air can be heated to above 250°C). Under the action of the blower, the heated air enters the hot air main 7 through the exhaust port.

[0078] The air preheater 6 used in the present invention is a plate-type structure, which is conducive to dust cleaning.

[0079] Among them, when the burner 3 just starts to burn the auxiliary fuel, the air required for combustion is also transported by the blower. The air transported by the blower still enters the air preheater 6 through the air inlet, and then under the action of the blower, enters the hot air main pipe 7 through the exhaust port, and then is sent to the burner 3 through the burner air duct 13 to participate in the combustion. Since the high-temperature fuel smoke is just beginning to be generated at this time, the air in the air preheater 6 has not yet been heated, so the air from the air preheater 6 at this time is normal temperature air.

[0080] Furthermore, the high-temperature fuel flue gas and waste salt flue gas after passing through the air preheater 6 then pass through the economizer 11 (the economizer 11 is equipped with boiler feed water), and also participate in the heat exchange process of the economizer 11, heating the boiler feed water in the economizer 11 (the boiler feed water in the economizer 11 also absorbs the heat of the flue gas), further recovering heat, improving the thermal efficiency and energy utilization efficiency of the device, and further reducing the temperature of the flue gas to about 170°C.

[0081] The economizer 11 of the present invention is arranged in a horizontal structure in series, which can reduce the layout space and facilitate ash cleaning.

[0082] In the present invention, the smoke outlet of the waste heat furnace 2 is also connected to a subsequent flue gas treatment facility, and the flue gas passing through the economizer 11 enters the flue gas treatment facility through the smoke outlet of the waste heat furnace 2 for treatment, so that the flue gas meets the standards and is discharged through the chimney, and the waste heat furnace 2 is also connected to an induced draft fan. The induced draft fan is used to make the adiabatic furnace 1 and the waste heat furnace 2 operate under negative pressure as a whole, so that the flue gas can flow from the adiabatic furnace 1 into the waste heat furnace 2 and pass through the above-mentioned equipment in sequence.

[0083] The chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0084] a. A burner air duct 13 is provided to supply air to the burner 3. The pressurized air from the powder feeding fan is preheated and mixed with the solid waste salt in the air-powder mixer and then sprayed into the furnace through evenly arranged feeding nozzles, which can not only feed the waste salt into the furnace but also provide the air required for the combustion of organic matter in the waste salt. A slag discharge port 5 and a slag cleaning burner 9 are provided at the bottom of the adiabatic furnace 1, which can increase the flue gas temperature at the molten salt chute and facilitate the outflow of molten salt; the incineration of the waste salt is in the furnace of the adiabatic furnace 1, which can greatly reduce the heat dissipation loss and maintain the high temperature in the furnace. The incineration temperature in the furnace is controlled by adjusting the amount of auxiliary fuel (fuel gas, fuel oil, etc. provided by the user); at the same time, an air preheater 6 is provided, and the air preheater 6 is connected to the burner air duct 13. After the air preheater 6 is provided, the temperature of the combustion air entering the furnace can be effectively increased, ensuring that the organic matter in the waste salt in the adiabatic furnace 1 is completely burned, and reducing the auxiliary fuel consumption of the adiabatic furnace 1;

[0085] b. Arranging the economizer 11 after the air preheater 6 can effectively reduce the exhaust degree of the waste heat boiler, reduce the heat loss of the exhaust, and improve the thermal efficiency of the incineration device;

[0086] c. Arrange the steam superheater 10 to effectively increase the steam temperature, introduce the superheated steam into the steam turbine, and perform cogeneration, further improving the energy utilization efficiency;

[0087] d. The graded air supply complies with the basic principle of combustion, which is conducive to the stability of the air supply system and convenient for adjustment;

[0088] e. The air supply device 8 is located at the lower part of the waste salt feeding device 4, which can provide sufficient oxygen for the combustion of organic matter in the waste salt, control the combustion center at the upper part of the furnace, improve the stability of combustion, and further reduce the consumption of auxiliary fuel.

[0089] f. The burner air duct 13 ensures the stability of the main fuel burner on the top of the furnace. Air is sprayed into the furnace together with waste salt for the combustion of organic matter in the waste salt, so that the flue gas is evenly distributed in the furnace, and the consistency of the temperature field and other high sections is improved. The air supply device 8 supplies air to further burn the combustible organic matter. The air supply nozzles are evenly distributed circumferentially, which can fully mix the air and the high-temperature flue gas, ensuring that the combustibles remaining in the secondary air area are completely burned here.

[0090] g. A good combustion air dynamic field in the furnace can effectively reduce the carbon content in the molten alkaline ash flowing out from the bottom of the furnace, reduce the carryover of fly ash, and increase the continuous operation time of the device.

[0091] Example 2

[0092] A method for incineration disposal and resource utilization of chemical waste salt, which is implemented in the incineration disposal and resource utilization of chemical waste salt in Example 1, and comprises the following steps:

[0093] S1. Turn on the burner 3 on the top of the insulated furnace 1, turn on the blower connected to the air inlet of the air preheater 6, the air delivered by the blower enters the air preheater 6 through the air inlet, and then under the action of the blower, enters the hot air main pipe 7 through the exhaust port of the air preheater 6, and then open the first damper, the air in the hot air main pipe 7 enters the burner 3 through the burner air duct 13 (and the air supply volume is adjusted by adjusting the first damper), burns the auxiliary fuel, and generates high-temperature fuel flue gas. The generated high-temperature fuel flue gas flows downward in the insulated furnace 1 (according to the specific amount of high-temperature fuel flue gas, select a furnace of appropriate height and size, so that the high-temperature fuel flue gas stays in the insulated furnace 1 for ≥2s), and the high-temperature fuel flue gas provides heat to increase the temperature in the insulated furnace 1;

[0094] S2, pressurize the air through the powder feeding fan and then preheat it to obtain preheated air, then feed the preheated air into the air-powder mixer, mix the preheated air and the solid waste salt evenly in the air-powder mixer, wait until the temperature in the adiabatic furnace 1 rises to ≥1100°C (by controlling the amount or composition of the auxiliary fuel, so that the temperature in the adiabatic furnace 1 rises to ≥1100°C after the auxiliary fuel is burned), open the second damper on the pipeline connecting the feeding air duct and the air-powder mixer, feed the evenly mixed preheated air (the amount of preheated air can be enough to dry the solid waste salt) and the solid waste salt into the feeding air duct, and then pass through multiple A feeding nozzle evenly sprays the preheated air and solid waste salt mixed evenly into the adiabatic furnace 1. The preheated air and solid waste salt contact the high-temperature fuel flue gas generated by the burner 3 in the adiabatic furnace 1. The high-temperature fuel flue gas provides heat. At the same time, the preheated air and solid waste salt are also radiated by the high-temperature flame of the burner 3. The solid waste salt is heated. After reaching a certain temperature, the solid waste salt and the air begin to burn. The combustion temperature is ≥1100°C. After sufficient combustion, waste salt flue gas and inorganic salt alkali ash are generated. The inorganic salt alkali ash falls into the bottom of the adiabatic furnace 1 and is discharged from the adiabatic furnace 1 through the slag discharge port 5 and enters the slag discharge equipment for subsequent treatment.

[0095] The high-temperature fuel flue gas generated by the combustion of S3 and the waste salt flue gas generated by the combustion of the waste salt all flow downward in the adiabatic furnace 1, and enter the waste heat furnace 2 through the flue gas outlet at the bottom of the adiabatic furnace 1 and the smoke inlet of the waste heat furnace 2 in turn, and exchange heat with the boiler feed water through the water-cooled wall. The water-cooled wall absorbs the heat of the high-temperature fuel flue gas and the waste salt flue gas to heat the boiler feed water into a steam-water mixture. The steam-water mixture flows from the upper outlet of the water-cooled wall through the riser, and enters the steam drum 12 through the inlet of the steam drum 12. Steam and water are separated in the drum 12, and the separated steam passes through the steam outlet of the drum 12 through the steam outlet pipe and the steam inlet of the steam superheater 10 to enter the steam superheater 10, and the separated water flows from the water outlet of the drum 12 through the downcomer and returns to the water-cooled wall through the lower inlet of the water-cooled wall to participate in heat exchange; after the high-temperature fuel flue gas and the waste salt flue gas pass through the water-cooled wall, they then pass through the steam superheater 10 to participate in the heat exchange process of the steam superheater 10, and heat the steam in the steam superheater 10. The steam absorbs the heat in the flue gas and further heats up. The further heated steam can be sent to the steam turbine for cogeneration of heat and power. The high-temperature fuel flue gas and waste salt flue gas after passing through the steam superheater 10 pass through the air preheater 6 and participate in the heat exchange process of the air preheater 6 to heat the air in the air preheater 6. The air in the air preheater 6 can be heated to above 250°C. The heated air enters the hot air main pipe 7 through the exhaust port of the air preheater 6 under the action of the blower, and then The high-temperature fuel flue gas and waste salt flue gas after the air preheater 6 are sent to the burner 3 for combustion; then, the high-temperature fuel flue gas and waste salt flue gas pass through the economizer 11 (the economizer 11 is equipped with boiler feed water), and also participate in the heat exchange process of the economizer 11, heating the boiler feed water in the economizer 11, and reducing the temperature of these flue gases to about 170°C. The flue gas passing through the economizer 11 enters the flue gas treatment facility through the smoke outlet of the waste heat furnace 2 for treatment, so that the flue gas meets the standards and is discharged through the chimney;

[0096] In the above operation, the induced draft fan connected to the waste heat furnace 2 is used to make the insulation furnace 1 and the waste heat furnace 2 operate under negative pressure as a whole, so that the flue gas can flow from the insulation furnace 1 into the waste heat furnace 2 and pass through the above equipment in sequence;

[0097] Wherein, in step S2, if the amount of preheated air sprayed into the adiabatic furnace 1 along with the multiple feeding nozzles is not enough to completely burn and decompose the solid waste salt, the third damper is opened (the air supply volume is adjusted by adjusting the third damper), and the heated air from the air preheater 6 passes through the hot air main pipe 7 through the exhaust port, flows through the branch pipe, enters the air supply duct through the air supply pipe, and then is evenly sprayed into the adiabatic furnace 1 through the multiple air supply nozzles. The solid waste salt that is not fully burned contacts the heated air sprayed into the adiabatic furnace 1 by the multiple air supply nozzles during the descending process, and the solid waste salt can be fully burned under the high temperature provided by the high-temperature fuel flue gas (if the amount of preheated air sprayed into the adiabatic furnace 1 along with the multiple feeding nozzles can completely burn and decompose the solid waste salt, the third damper is closed, and there is no need for the air supply device 8 to spray the air from the hot air main pipe 7 into the adiabatic furnace 1). heated air); and if the inorganic salt-alkali ash that falls on the bottom of the adiabatic furnace 1 is difficult to be discharged from the slag discharge port 5 after cooling and coking, the slag cleaning burner 9 is turned on, and the fourth air door is opened (the air supply volume is adjusted by adjusting the fourth air door), and the heated air from the air preheater 6 passes through the hot air main pipe 7 through the exhaust port, flows through the branch pipe, and enters the slag cleaning burner 9 through the slag cleaning burner air duct 14. The slag cleaning burner 9 burns to provide heat, increases the temperature here, heats the coked inorganic salt-alkali ash, and turns it into a molten state for easy discharge. The flue gas generated by the combustion of the slag cleaning burner 9 will also enter the afterheat furnace 2 through the flue gas outlet of the adiabatic furnace 1 and the smoke inlet of the afterheat furnace 2 in turn to participate in the subsequent heat exchange process (if the inorganic salt-alkali ash is still in a molten state when it falls to the bottom of the adiabatic furnace 1 and can be directly discharged from the slag discharge port 5, there is no need to open the fourth air door and the slag cleaning burner 9).

[0098] The invention can effectively improve the combustion stability of waste salt, increase energy utilization efficiency by 10%, extend the continuous operation cycle by more than 1 time, and reduce auxiliary fuel consumption by more than 30%.

[0099] It should be understood that parts not elaborated in detail in this specification belong to the prior art.

[0100] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device, characterized in that: It comprises an insulating furnace (1) and a waste heat furnace (2) connected to the insulating furnace (1); A burner (3) is arranged on the top of the adiabatic furnace (1), and the burner (3) is used to burn fuel to generate fuel smoke and provide heat; A feeding device (4) is provided on the upper part of the adiabatic furnace (1), and the feeding device (4) is used to spray waste salt and air into the adiabatic furnace (1), and the waste salt and air contact with the fuel flue gas in the adiabatic furnace (1) to burn and generate waste salt flue gas and inorganic salt alkali ash; The bottom of the adiabatic furnace (1) is provided with a slag discharge port (5) for discharging inorganic salt alkali ash; The lower part of the insulation furnace (1) is provided with a smoke outlet, and the fuel smoke and waste salt smoke are discharged through the smoke outlet and enter the waste heat furnace (2); An air preheater (6) is provided in the waste heat furnace (2), and the air preheater (6) is connected to the burner (3) via a hot air main pipe (7). The fuel smoke and waste salt smoke from the insulated furnace (1) pass through the air preheater (6) to heat the air therein, and the heated air is sent to the burner (3) through the hot air main pipe (7) for combustion.

2. The chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The feeding device (4) comprises a feeding air duct and a plurality of feeding nozzles connected to the feeding air duct; The feeding air duct is an annular air duct and is arranged on the outer periphery of the insulation furnace (1); The feeding nozzle is arranged on the outer wall of the heat-insulating furnace (1) and is inserted into the cylinder.

3. The chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The insulation furnace (1) is also provided with an air supply device (8), which is connected to the hot air main pipe (7) and is used to spray heated air from the hot air main pipe (7) into the insulation furnace (1).

4. The chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The air supply device (8) is located below the feeding device (4); The air supply device (8) comprises an air supply duct and a plurality of air supply nozzles connected to the air supply duct; The air supply duct is an annular duct and is arranged on the outer periphery of the insulation furnace (1); The air supply nozzle is arranged on the outer wall of the heat-insulating furnace (1) and is inserted into the cylinder.

5. The chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A slag cleaning burner (9) is also provided at the bottom of the adiabatic furnace (1). The slag cleaning burner (9) is located above the slag discharge port (5) and is connected to the hot air main pipe (7). The heated air from the hot air main pipe (7) enters the slag cleaning burner (9) for combustion, thereby providing heat.

6. The chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A steam superheater (10) and an economizer (11) are also provided in the waste heat furnace (2), and the air preheater (6) is located between the steam superheater (10) and the economizer (11); The fuel flue gas and waste salt flue gas from the adiabatic furnace (1) pass through the steam superheater (10) to heat the steam therein, then pass through the air preheater (6) to heat the air therein, and finally pass through the economizer (11) to heat the boiler feed water.

7. The chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A water-cooled wall is provided on the inner wall between the smoke inlet of the waste heat furnace (2) and the steam superheater (10).

8. The chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization device also includes a steam drum (12) arranged above the waste heat furnace (2), the upper outlet of the water-cooled wall is connected to the inlet of the steam drum (12) through a riser, the water outlet of the steam drum (12) is connected to the lower inlet of the water-cooled wall through a downcomer, and the steam outlet of the steam drum (12) is connected to the steam inlet of the steam superheater (10) through a steam outlet pipe.

9. A method for incineration disposal and resource utilization of chemical waste salt, characterized in that: The method is implemented in the chemical waste salt incineration disposal and resource utilization transfer as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the method comprises: Controlling the burner (3) on the top of the adiabatic furnace (1) to burn fuel to generate fuel smoke and provide heat; The waste salt and air are sprayed into the adiabatic furnace (1) by using a feeding device (4) at the top of the adiabatic furnace (1); the waste salt and air are in contact with the fuel flue gas in the adiabatic furnace (1) and burn to generate waste salt flue gas and inorganic salt alkali ash; the inorganic salt alkali ash is discharged from a slag discharge port (5) at the bottom of the adiabatic furnace (1); The fuel smoke and waste salt smoke are discharged through the smoke outlet at the bottom of the insulation furnace (1) and enter the waste heat furnace (2). Then, they pass through the air preheater (6) in the waste heat furnace (2) to heat the air therein. The heated air is then sent to the burner (3) through the hot air main pipe (7) for combustion.

10. The method for incineration disposal and resource utilization of chemical waste salt according to claim 9, characterized in that: The waste salt and air are in contact with the fuel flue gas in the adiabatic furnace (1) and the combustion temperature is ≥1100°C.

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