Control method, device and system of gas water heater, electronic equipment and gas water heater

Abstract

The invention provides a control method, device and system of a gas water heater, electronic equipment and the gas water heater. The control method comprises the steps that combustion is started according to the gas water heater, and a flame image of the gas water heater is obtained; according to the flame image, flame combustion characteristics are obtained, the combustion characteristics comprise at least one of a combustion state and combustion parameters, and the combustion parameters are used for representing actual working parameters of the gas water heater; and the gas water heater is controlled to work according to the combustion characteristics. By the adoption of the technical scheme, closed-loop control over the working parameters of the gas water heater can be achieved, the fuel utilization rate is increased, and energy waste is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of water heaters, and in particular to a control method and device, a system, an electronic device and a gas water heater for a gas water heater. Background Art

[0002] As people's living standards improve, the performance requirements for home appliances are getting higher and higher. At present, the control algorithm commonly used when gas water heaters burn is the PID control algorithm. When the user needs water, turn on the switch and the gas water heater starts to burn.

[0003] The existing control method of gas water heaters easily leads to low combustion efficiency, low fuel utilization rate, and energy waste; and it does not effectively control harmful gas emissions, and has poor environmental performance. In addition, gas water heaters have safety risks such as carbon monoxide poisoning and flashback during the combustion process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides a control method and device for a gas water heater, a system, an electronic device and a gas water heater.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a control method for a gas water heater is provided, comprising:

[0006] According to the start-up combustion of the gas water heater, a flame image of the gas water heater is obtained;

[0007] According to the flame image, a combustion feature of the flame is obtained, where the combustion feature includes at least one of a combustion state and a combustion parameter, and the combustion parameter is used to characterize an actual working parameter of the gas water heater;

[0008] Control the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics.

[0009] In some embodiments, the combustion parameters include the current air-fuel ratio, and according to the combustion characteristics, the operation of the gas water heater is controlled, including:

[0010] According to the current air-fuel ratio, the intake ratio of air and gas in the gas water heater is adjusted.

[0011] In some embodiments, adjusting the intake ratio of air and gas in the gas water heater according to the current air-fuel ratio includes at least one of the following:

[0012] According to the current air-fuel ratio, adjust the opening of the gas proportional valve in the gas water heater;

[0013] According to the current air-fuel ratio, adjust the speed of the fan in the gas water heater;

[0014] According to the current air-fuel ratio, adjust the opening of the air proportion valve in the gas water heater.

[0015] In some embodiments, before acquiring the flame image of the gas water heater, the method further includes:

[0016] A target load is obtained, and a gas proportional valve in the gas water heater is controlled to have a first opening according to the target load, wherein the first opening corresponds to the target load.

[0017] In some embodiments, the combustion parameters include the current air-fuel ratio, and according to the combustion characteristics, the operation of the gas water heater is controlled, including:

[0018] According to the current air-fuel ratio, the air intake in the gas water heater is adjusted.

[0019] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0020] According to the change of the target load, the step of controlling the gas proportional valve in the gas water heater to a first opening degree according to the target load is executed.

[0021] In some embodiments, according to the combustion characteristics, controlling the operation of the gas water heater includes:

[0022] Obtaining target parameters corresponding to the combustion parameters;

[0023] According to the combustion parameters and the target parameters, the gas intake amount and / or the opening of the water inlet valve in the gas water heater are adjusted;

[0024] The combustion parameters include the current combustion load or flame temperature, the target parameters corresponding to the current combustion load include the target load, and the target parameters corresponding to the flame temperature include the outlet water target temperature.

[0025] In some embodiments, the combustion feature further includes a combustion state, the combustion state includes a first preset state and a second preset state, the first preset state includes a normal combustion state; the second preset state includes at least one of flameout, flashback, flame separation, and flame instability, and the method further includes:

[0026] When the combustion state is in the second preset state, determining whether the combustion state changes from the second preset state to the first preset state within a preset time;

[0027] According to the combustion state continuing to the second preset state within the preset time, the gas water heater is controlled to perform a preset protective operation.

[0028] In some embodiments, the combustion state includes a first preset state and a second preset state, the first preset state includes a normal combustion state; the second preset state includes at least one of flameout, flashback, flame separation, and flame instability;

[0029] According to the combustion characteristics, control the operation of the gas water heater, including:

[0030] According to the combustion state being the second preset state, controlling the gas water heater to perform a preset protective operation. In some embodiments, the combustion characteristics include combustion parameters, the combustion parameters include flame temperature, and according to the combustion characteristics, controlling the operation of the gas water heater includes:

[0031] When the flame temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, the gas water heater is controlled to enter an overheat protection state.

[0032] In some embodiments, the combustion characteristics include combustion parameters, the combustion parameters include harmful gas concentrations, and according to the combustion characteristics, the operation of the gas water heater is controlled, including:

[0033] When the concentration of harmful gases is greater than or equal to a first preset value, at least a warning prompt is generated and the speed of the fan in the gas water heater is increased;

[0034] When the concentration of harmful gas is greater than or equal to a second preset value, shutting off the gas valve;

[0035] The second preset value is greater than the first preset value.

[0036] In some embodiments, obtaining the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image includes:

[0037] Extracting features from the flame image to obtain flame feature information of the flame image;

[0038] The combustion characteristics are obtained according to the flame characteristic information.

[0039] In some embodiments, performing feature extraction on the flame image to obtain flame feature information of the flame image includes:

[0040] Input the flame image into a preset flame feature extraction model to obtain flame feature information; or,

[0041] Image recognition technology is used to extract features from flame images to obtain flame feature information.

[0042] In some embodiments, obtaining the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame characteristic information includes:

[0043] The flame characteristic information is input into a preset combustion characteristic determination model to obtain the combustion characteristics.

[0044] In some embodiments, the flame characteristic information includes at least one of the following: color distribution characteristics, brightness change characteristics, morphological characteristics, and time domain characteristics.

[0045] In some embodiments, obtaining the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image includes:

[0046] The flame image is input into the preset neural network model to obtain the combustion characteristics.

[0047] In some embodiments, obtaining the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image includes:

[0048] Send the flame image to the server;

[0049] The combustion features returned by the server are received. The combustion features are obtained by the server based on the flame image.

[0050] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a control method for a gas water heater is provided, which is applied to a server, and the method includes:

[0051] Receive flame image from client;

[0052] According to the flame image, a combustion feature of the flame is obtained, where the combustion feature includes at least one of a combustion state and a combustion parameter, and the combustion parameter is used to characterize an actual working parameter of the gas water heater of the client;

[0053] The combustion characteristics are returned to the client so that the client can control the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics.

[0054] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a control device for a gas water heater is provided, comprising:

[0055] A first acquisition module is used to acquire a flame image of the gas water heater according to the start-up combustion of the gas water heater;

[0056] A second acquisition module acquires the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image, the combustion characteristics including at least one of a combustion state and a combustion parameter, the combustion parameter being used to characterize an actual working parameter of the gas water heater;

[0057] The control module is used to control the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics.

[0058] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a control device for a gas water heater is provided, which is applied to a server, and the device includes:

[0059] A receiving module, used for receiving a flame image from a client;

[0060] A third acquisition module is used to acquire the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image, where the combustion characteristics include at least one of the combustion state and the combustion parameter, and the combustion parameter is used to characterize the actual working parameters of the gas water heater of the client;

[0061] The sending module is used to return the combustion characteristics to the client so that the client can control the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics.

[0062] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a control system for a gas water heater is provided, comprising:

[0063] The client is used to start combustion in the gas water heater, obtain a flame image of the gas water heater, and send the flame image to the server; and receive the combustion characteristics returned by the server, and control the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics; wherein the combustion characteristics include at least one of the combustion state and the combustion parameters, and the combustion parameters are used to characterize the actual working parameters of the gas water heater;

[0064] The server is used to receive the flame image from the client; obtain the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image; and return the combustion characteristics to the client.

[0065] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device, characterized in that it includes:

[0066] at least one processor; and

[0067] a memory communicatively connected to at least one processor; wherein,

[0068] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform any control method in the present disclosure.

[0069] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a gas water heater, comprising:

[0070] An image acquisition module, used for acquiring flame images;

[0071] Gas valve and water inlet valve;

[0072] A controller is configured to execute any control method of the present disclosure.

[0073] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure is to obtain a flame image of the gas water heater after the gas water heater starts to burn, and obtain combustion characteristics based on the flame image, wherein the combustion characteristics include at least one of a combustion state and a combustion parameter, and the combustion parameter is used to characterize the actual working parameters of the gas water heater, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the working parameters of the gas water heater; further, the operation of the gas water heater can be controlled according to the combustion characteristics, so that a closed-loop control is formed for the combustion of the gas water heater, and the gas water heater can be made closer to an ideal combustion state, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of fuel, reducing energy waste, and further reducing harmful gas emissions, reducing safety hazards in the combustion process, and improving environmental protection performance.

[0074] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0075] The accompanying drawings are used to better understand the present solution and do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure.

[0076] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a control method for a gas water heater in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0077] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a control flow of a gas water heater according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0078] Figure 3 It is a structural block diagram of a control device for a gas water heater in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0079] Figure 4 It is a structural block diagram of a control device for a gas water heater in another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0080] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] The following is a description of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments of the present disclosure to facilitate understanding, which should be considered as merely exemplary. Therefore, it should be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Similarly, for the sake of clarity and conciseness, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0082] Gas water heaters, also known as gas water heaters, are gas appliances that use gas as fuel and transfer heat to cold water flowing through a heat exchanger through combustion heating to prepare hot water. Gas water heaters are mainly composed of valve body assemblies, main burners, low-fire burners, heat exchangers, safety devices, etc. They also include flues for flue-type water heaters and forced exhaust devices for forced exhaust water heaters. The valve body assembly controls the entire working procedure of the water heater, including water valves, gas valves, fans, micro switches, and igniters.

[0083] The gas proportional valve in the gas water heater is a key component for regulating the gas flow. By adjusting the opening of the proportional valve, the amount of gas entering the combustion chamber can be accurately controlled, thereby affecting the air-fuel ratio during combustion.

[0084] In the related art, the gas water heater can detect the water inlet temperature, water outlet temperature and water flow rate, and use these three indicators to control the opening of the gas proportional valve and other working parameters in the gas water heater. The opening of the gas proportional valve determines the gas intake volume, and the air intake volume can be determined according to the combustion ratio of gas and oxygen, thereby achieving the air-fuel ratio. Although the opening of the gas proportional valve is set according to the water inlet temperature, water outlet temperature and water flow rate in the related art, and the air-fuel ratio is then achieved, there is no closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio of combustion; moreover, in actual use, the gas supply pressure and concentration often deviate from the standard value, resulting in low combustion efficiency, low fuel utilization, and energy waste.

[0085] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control method for a gas water heater according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the control method of the gas water heater includes steps S11 to S13.

[0086] In step S11, a flame image of the gas water heater is acquired according to the combustion starting of the gas water heater.

[0087] Usually, the gas water heater is in a powered-on standby state. When a user needs to use the gas water heater, the user turns on a water switch (such as a faucet) to trigger a water use instruction, and the water flow sensor detects the water flow, and the processor obtains a signal of the water flow, thereby determining that the gas water heater starts combustion.

[0088] The specific process of starting combustion of a gas water heater can be as follows: first, when the air inlet valve and water inlet valve of the gas water heater are both open and the power is on, open the hot water valve, and then water enters the water heater and flows to the heating water pipe in the heat exchanger through the water flow sensor; when the water flow sensor detects that the water flow reaches the set value, the processor controls the combustion fan to start, and when the fan speed reaches the set value, the main gas valve and the gas proportional valve are both opened, and the gas enters the burner. At the same time, the igniter causes spark discharge at the ignition needle to ignite, so as to ignite the burner to start combustion. The flame detection rod located on the upper part of the burner detects the flame signal, and the combustion indicator light is lit through the control circuit, and the combustion state is maintained, so as to realize the start-up combustion of the gas water heater. When the gas water heater starts combustion, the opening of the gas proportional valve can be a preset initial opening.

[0089] An image acquisition module may be provided inside the gas water heater, and the image acquisition module may be provided at a suitable position so as to acquire a flame image when the gas water heater is burning.

[0090] After the gas water heater starts burning, the image acquisition module acquires the initial flame image. Exemplarily, the image acquisition module may have a built-in image preprocessing chip. When the image acquisition module acquires the initial flame image, the built-in image preprocessing chip performs real-time denoising, contrast enhancement and other processing on the initial flame image. The processed image is the acquired flame image.

[0091] The image acquisition module may use a high-sensitivity complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor with a resolution of not less than 1280*720 and a frame rate of not less than 60fps. The image acquisition module may be equipped with an infrared filter to enhance the ability to capture flame features. The image acquisition module preferably adopts a waterproof and high temperature resistant design, and the operating temperature range may be -20°C to 150°C.

[0092] The image acquisition module can continuously acquire initial flame images at a frame rate of 60fps, perform real-time image processing on each initial flame image, and the acquired flame images are multiple flame images, or the acquired flame images are flame image sequences.

[0093] In step S12, the combustion characteristics of the flame are obtained according to the flame image. The combustion characteristics include at least one of a combustion state and a combustion parameter. The combustion parameter is used to characterize the actual working parameters of the gas water heater.

[0094] For example, the combustion parameters may include at least one of the current combustion load, the current air-fuel ratio, the flame temperature, etc. The current air-fuel ratio is the mixing ratio of air and gas in the current combustion; the current combustion load can be understood as the heat load that can be provided by the current combustion. The heat load refers to the heat released per unit time when the fuel burns in the burner, which is relative to the target load (demand load). The flame temperature can be the average temperature within the flame area. There is a certain relationship between the flame temperature and the outlet water temperature, so the flame temperature can indirectly characterize the outlet water temperature. The air-fuel ratio, heat load, and outlet water temperature are all working parameters of the gas water heater. Therefore, the combustion parameters can characterize the actual working parameters of the gas water heater.

[0095] In step S13, the operation of the gas water heater is controlled according to the combustion characteristics.

[0096] In the related art, a relationship curve between load and gas proportional valve may be stored inside the gas water heater. The load may be the heat load required by the user, i.e., the target load. When the target load is determined, the processor may determine the opening of the gas proportional valve according to the preset relationship between the load and the gas proportional valve, and may also determine the gas demand according to the target load, and further determine the air demand.

[0097] The preset relationships stored inside the gas water heater are all relative to the gas of standard pressure and standard concentration. In real life, the gas supply pressure and concentration fluctuate or differ from the standard pressure and standard concentration due to regional differences. This causes the actual combustion state of the gas water heater to be unable to reach the ideal combustion state, resulting in differences between the gas demand and air demand determined according to the target load and the target.

[0098] In the related art, in the control of gas water heaters, after the opening of the gas proportional valve is controlled according to the target load, the lack of closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio leads to problems such as low fuel utilization, energy waste, and poor environmental performance. In addition, the inability to achieve real-time monitoring leads to large fluctuations in water temperature, unstable hot water supply, and high noise.

[0099] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure is to obtain a flame image of the gas water heater after the gas water heater starts to burn, and obtain combustion characteristics based on the flame image, wherein the combustion characteristics include at least one of a combustion state and a combustion parameter, and the combustion parameter is used to characterize the actual working parameters of the gas water heater, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the working parameters of the gas water heater; further, the operation of the gas water heater can be controlled according to the combustion characteristics, so that a closed-loop control is formed for the combustion of the gas water heater, and the gas water heater can be made closer to an ideal combustion state, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of fuel, reducing energy waste, and further reducing harmful gas emissions, reducing safety hazards in the combustion process, and improving environmental protection performance.

[0100] In addition, through the combustion parameters, the actual working parameters of the gas water heater can be monitored in real time, and then the working parameters of the gas water heater can be adjusted, which reduces water temperature fluctuations and noise, and can supply hot water more stably, better meet user needs, and improve user satisfaction.

[0101] In one embodiment, obtaining the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image may include: extracting characteristics of the flame image to obtain flame characteristic information of the flame image; and determining the combustion characteristics according to the flame characteristic information.

[0102] The flame characteristic information may include at least one of the following: color distribution characteristics, brightness change characteristics, morphological characteristics and time domain characteristics. There are multiple flame shapes. The flame characteristics can be determined according to the flame shape of the gas water heater, and then the corresponding flame characteristic information can be determined according to the flame image.

[0103] When the flame image is a plurality of continuous frame images, the flame feature information of each flame image can be determined, and then the flame feature information sequence corresponding to the continuous frame images can be determined. The time domain feature can be determined according to the flame feature information sequence, and the time domain feature can be understood as the change feature between continuous frame images.

[0104] In actual implementation, the working parameters of the gas water heater are usually adjusted periodically. In one cycle, multiple flame images can usually be obtained. Feature extraction is performed on each flame image to obtain flame feature information of each flame image. The average value of the flame feature information of multiple flame images can be calculated as the flame feature information of the cycle. In addition, based on multiple flame images in one cycle, the time domain characteristics of the cycle can be determined.

[0105] In one embodiment, in order to obtain flame feature information, image recognition technology can be used to extract features of the flame image to obtain flame feature information. For example, the RGB / HSV spatial histogram in the flame image is calculated to obtain the color distribution characteristics of the flame image. The brightness mean, variance, peak value, etc. of the flame image are extracted to obtain the brightness change characteristics of the flame image. The outline, area, perimeter, etc. of the flame are calculated to obtain the morphological characteristics of the flame.

[0106] In another embodiment, the flame image may be input into a preset flame feature extraction model to obtain flame feature information.

[0107] The flame feature extraction model can be based on the first neural network model, and the first neural network model can be pre-trained, and the trained first neural network model is used as the flame feature extraction model. After the flame image is input into the flame feature extraction model, the flame feature extraction model can output flame feature information.

[0108] The specific model of the first neural network model is not limited here. A deep learning model based on flame recognition can be selected, and the flame image is used as a sample to train it to obtain a flame feature extraction model.

[0109] The flame feature extraction model can use an ARM Cortex-A72 architecture processor with a main frequency of not less than 1.5GHz, equipped with a dedicated neural network accelerator, supporting 8-bit quantitative reasoning, supporting multi-dimensional feature extraction, and integrating a state judgment algorithm based on a decision tree.

[0110] In one embodiment, determining the combustion characteristics according to the flame characteristic information may include: inputting the flame characteristic information into a preset combustion characteristic determination model to obtain the combustion characteristics.

[0111] The combustion characteristic determination model can be based on the second neural network model, and the second neural network model can be pre-trained, and the trained second neural network model is used as the combustion characteristic determination model. After the flame characteristic information is input into the combustion characteristic determination model, the combustion characteristic determination model can output the combustion parameters and the combustion state.

[0112] In one embodiment, the first neural network model and the second neural network model may adopt convolutional neural networks.

[0113] In one embodiment, determining the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image may include: inputting the flame image into a preset neural network model to obtain the combustion characteristics.

[0114] In this embodiment, the third neural network model is pre-trained, and the trained third neural network model is the preset neural network model. After the flame image is input into the preset neural network model, the preset neural network model can output the combustion parameters and the combustion state. In this embodiment, the flame feature information is no longer required, and the combustion parameters are directly obtained from the flame image.

[0115] In another embodiment, the client of the gas water heater can interact with the server. The flame image can be sent to the server, and the server obtains the combustion characteristics according to the flame image. The client of the gas water heater receives the combustion characteristics returned by the server. In this way, the combustion characteristics acquisition process is performed on the server, which can reduce the amount of calculation of the gas water heater client and improve the performance of the gas water heater.

[0116] The process by which the server obtains the combustion characteristics according to the flame image may be the same as the process by which the gas water heater client obtains the flame combustion characteristics according to the flame image described above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0117] In order to realize the control of the gas water heater, the gas water heater may include a control module, and the control module may use a 32-bit microcontroller (MCU) as the main controller, such as the main controller of the STM32F4 series. A gas proportional valve driven by a high-precision stepper motor may be used, and the control accuracy may reach 0.1% F·S. A centrifugal fan driven by a brushless DC motor may be used, and the speed may be adjusted in the range of 500 to 5000rpm. The control module may integrate multiple pulse width modulation (PWM) outputs for precise control of the gas valve and the fan. The control module may use an RS485 communication interface to achieve a wider range of communication interactions.

[0118] In one embodiment, the combustion parameters include the current air-fuel ratio. Controlling the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics may include: adjusting the intake ratio of air and gas in the gas water heater according to the current air-fuel ratio.

[0119] The current air-fuel ratio is obtained based on the flame image. The current air-fuel ratio refers to the ratio of air to gas in the current combustion. When the air-fuel ratio meets the requirements, the gas can be fully burned and the generation of harmful gases can be reduced. When the air-fuel ratio is not appropriate, the gas will not burn fully and more harmful gases will be generated.

[0120] In order to ensure that the gas is fully burned, the gas water heater usually needs to determine the oxygen demand based on the gas intake, and then determine the air demand. Usually, the required air-fuel ratio of gas to air during gas combustion, i.e., the target air-fuel ratio, can be determined based on the region where the gas water heater is used and the gas composition provided in the region. The target air-fuel ratio can be pre-stored in the controller of the gas water heater.

[0121] The target air-fuel ratio is the ratio of air to gas required for full combustion of gas. The target air-fuel ratio can be determined based on the composition of the gas. For example, if the gas is composed of methane, the ratio of oxygen to methane can be calculated based on the full combustion of methane. The ratio of air to methane can be calculated based on the oxygen content in the air. When the regional environment and gas composition of the gas water heater are determined, the target air-fuel ratio is determined and usually does not change.

[0122] According to the difference between the current air-fuel ratio and the target air-fuel ratio, the intake ratio of air and gas in the gas water heater can be adjusted so that the actual air-fuel ratio in combustion is closer to the target air-fuel ratio, ensuring full combustion of the gas.

[0123] The gas intake is usually controlled by a gas proportional valve. The air intake can be controlled by a fan or an air proportional valve.

[0124] Therefore, in one embodiment, adjusting the intake ratio of air and gas in the gas water heater according to the current air-fuel ratio may include: adjusting the opening of the gas proportion valve in the gas water heater according to the current air-fuel ratio.

[0125] For example, when the current air-fuel ratio is less than the target air-fuel ratio, it indicates insufficient air or excess gas. The opening of the gas proportioning valve can be reduced to reduce the gas intake amount, thereby increasing the actual combustion air-fuel ratio, making the actual combustion air-fuel ratio closer to the target air-fuel ratio.

[0126] For example, when the current air-fuel ratio is greater than the target air-fuel ratio, it means that there is excess air or insufficient gas. The opening of the gas proportioning valve can be increased to increase the gas intake amount, thereby reducing the actual combustion air-fuel ratio, making the actual combustion air-fuel ratio closer to the target air-fuel ratio.

[0127] In another embodiment, adjusting the intake ratio of air to gas in the gas water heater according to the current air-fuel ratio may include: adjusting the rotation speed of the fan in the gas water heater according to the current air-fuel ratio.

[0128] For example, when the current air-fuel ratio is less than the target air-fuel ratio, it means that there is insufficient air. The fan speed can be increased to increase the air intake volume, thereby increasing the actual combustion air-fuel ratio, making the actual combustion air-fuel ratio closer to the target air-fuel ratio.

[0129] For example, when the current air-fuel ratio is greater than the target air-fuel ratio, it indicates excess air. The fan speed can be reduced to reduce the air intake amount, thereby reducing the actual combustion air-fuel ratio, making the actual combustion air-fuel ratio closer to the target air-fuel ratio.

[0130] In another embodiment, adjusting the intake ratio of air to gas in the gas water heater according to the current air-fuel ratio may include: adjusting the opening of the air ratio valve in the gas water heater according to the current air-fuel ratio.

[0131] For example, when the current air-fuel ratio is less than the target air-fuel ratio, it indicates insufficient air. The opening of the air ratio valve can be increased to increase the air intake amount, thereby increasing the actual combustion air-fuel ratio, making the actual combustion air-fuel ratio closer to the target air-fuel ratio.

[0132] For example, when the current air-fuel ratio is greater than the target air-fuel ratio, it indicates an excess of air. The opening of the air proportion valve can be reduced to reduce the amount of air intake, thereby reducing the actual combustion air-fuel ratio, making the actual combustion air-fuel ratio closer to the target air-fuel ratio.

[0133] It should be noted that when adjusting the fan speed, the opening of the air proportional valve or the opening of the gas proportional valve, step-by-step adjustment can be used to achieve a gradual adjustment of the actual combustion air-fuel ratio, which is beneficial to the stability of the gas water heater.

[0134] The method of this embodiment realizes the closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio, can monitor the air-fuel ratio in real time and adjust the air intake ratio of the gas water heater in real time, which is conducive to the full combustion of the fuel, improves the fuel utilization rate, avoids energy waste, and reduces harmful gas emissions, improving environmental protection performance. Experiments have proved that the control method of this embodiment can improve the combustion efficiency by about 15% to 20%, significantly improve the energy utilization rate, reduce carbon monoxide emissions by about 30% or more, and reduce nitrogen oxide gas emissions by about 20%.

[0135] The control method of the disclosed embodiment makes the air-fuel ratio closer to the expected value through closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio, so that the gas water heater is no longer subject to geographical restrictions, and expands the adaptable gas pressure fluctuation range, improves combustion efficiency, ensures sufficient combustion of fuel, improves environmental protection performance, and can adapt to fluctuations in gas supply.

[0136] In the above embodiment, when the gas water heater is started, the opening of the gas proportional valve may be a preset initial opening. The specific value of the preset initial opening may be set as required.

[0137] In another embodiment, before obtaining the flame image of the gas water heater, the method further includes: obtaining a target load, and controlling the gas proportional valve in the gas water heater to a first opening according to the target load, the first opening corresponding to the target load. That is, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the control method of the gas water heater may include steps S21 to S24.

[0138] In step S21, it is determined whether the gas water heater starts combustion.

[0139] In step S22, the target load is obtained, and the gas proportional valve in the gas water heater is controlled to have a first opening according to the target load, and the first opening corresponds to the target load.

[0140] In step S23, a flame image of the gas water heater is acquired.

[0141] In step S24, the combustion characteristics of the flame are obtained according to the flame image. The combustion characteristics include at least one of a combustion state and a combustion parameter. The combustion parameter is used to characterize the actual working parameters of the gas water heater.

[0142] In step S25, the operation of the gas water heater is controlled according to the combustion characteristics.

[0143] The target load is the demand load. The demand load refers to the amount of heat that needs to be released per unit time when the fuel burns in the burner in order to meet the target temperature required by the user. After the user triggers the water use instruction, when the gas water heater is determined to start combustion, the target load can be determined based on the target temperature of the water use instruction, the water inlet temperature, the water flow rate and other parameters. That is, when the user turns on the machine to start combustion, the target load is determined. After the target load is determined, the first opening of the gas proportional valve can be determined based on the corresponding relationship between the load and the gas proportional valve, and then the gas proportional valve can be controlled to work at the first opening. Furthermore, the air intake ratio of air and gas can be adjusted according to the current air-fuel ratio.

[0144] In the related art, after the gas proportion valve is controlled to work at a first opening, the air intake volume is calculated according to the target air-fuel ratio, and the fan is controlled to move at a certain speed to achieve air intake, hoping to achieve the target air-fuel ratio. However, due to fluctuations in gas supply pressure, composition and air pressure, the actual intake volume of gas and air does not meet the target air-fuel ratio.

[0145] In this embodiment, the gas proportioning valve is adjusted to a first opening according to the target load, and then steps S23 to S25 are executed, thereby achieving real-time adjustment and control of the combustion air-fuel ratio in actual combustion while meeting the target load, which is beneficial to ensuring sufficient combustion of the gas and improving the environmental performance of the product.

[0146] It is generally believed that when the gas proportional valve operates at the first opening, the target load requirement can be met. When the current air-fuel ratio does not meet the required air-fuel ratio, it can be considered that there is excess or insufficient air. Therefore, according to the combustion characteristics, controlling the operation of the gas water heater can include: adjusting the air intake of the gas water heater according to the current air-fuel ratio. In this way, the complexity of the gas water heater adjustment can be reduced, and the target air-fuel ratio can be achieved more quickly, so that the gas is fully burned.

[0147] When calculating the target load, the target temperature is the user's desired set temperature. It can be a pre-stored default temperature value, for example, the default temperature values ​​for winter and summer can be different, or it can be a temperature manually input by the user. The target temperature can change as the user sets the temperature. The demand load determines the temperature difference between the target temperature and the inlet water temperature, and determines the target load of the gas water heater based on the temperature difference and the real-time water flow rate. The target load may change during the gas combustion process.

[0148] The control method may also include: determining whether the target load has changed, and according to the change of the target load, entering the step of controlling the gas proportional valve in the gas water heater to the first opening according to the target load, that is, returning to step S22 for execution. That is, during the combustion process of the gas water heater, if the target load has changed, it is necessary to execute steps S22-S25. Each time the target load changes, it is necessary to re-determine a new first opening, and adjust the gas proportional valve to the new first opening, and then execute steps S23-S25. In this way, when the target load changes, it is avoided to start adjusting from the initial air intake every time, which can improve the adjustment efficiency of the air intake.

[0149] In another embodiment, when the target load does not change, the step of acquiring the flame image of the gas water heater is executed according to the target load not changing, that is, the step of returning to step S23 is executed. That is to say, during the combustion process of the gas water heater, if the target load does not change, it is no longer necessary to adjust the gas proportional valve, and only steps S23 to S25 need to be executed.

[0150] In one embodiment, controlling the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics may include: obtaining target parameters corresponding to the combustion parameters; adjusting the gas intake volume and / or the opening of the water inlet valve in the gas water heater according to the combustion parameters and the target parameters; wherein the combustion parameters include the current combustion load or the flame temperature, the target parameter corresponding to the current combustion load is the target load, and the target parameter corresponding to the flame temperature is the target water outlet temperature.

[0151] The current combustion load refers to the actual heat released per unit time when the current fuel is burned in the burner.

[0152] It can be understood that the outlet water temperature is the temperature of the water in the outlet water pipe after the gas water heater starts combustion, which can be detected by a temperature sensor installed in the outlet water pipe. There is a certain relationship between the flame temperature and the outlet water temperature, and the flame temperature can indirectly reflect the outlet water temperature.

[0153] When the combustion parameter is the current combustion load, the target load is obtained; according to the current combustion load and the target load, the opening of the gas valve and / or the opening of the water inlet valve in the gas water heater is adjusted. The gas valve here can be a proportional valve or a gas control valve, and the gas valve can control the gas intake amount.

[0154] When the combustion parameter is the flame temperature, the target water outlet temperature is obtained; and according to the flame temperature and the target water outlet temperature, the opening of the gas valve and / or the opening of the water inlet valve in the gas water heater is adjusted.

[0155] When the current combustion load is less than the target load or the flame temperature is low, it indicates that the heat released by the current combustion cannot meet the demand. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the opening of the gas valve, such as increasing the opening of the gas control valve, and then increasing the gas intake to increase the combustion load. When the current combustion load is greater than the target load or the flame temperature is too high, it indicates that the heat released by the current combustion exceeds the required heat. At this time, the opening of the gas control valve can be reduced, the gas intake can be reduced, the combustion load can be reduced, and fuel waste can be avoided.

[0156] In addition, the opening of the water inlet valve can also be adjusted. For example, when the current combustion load is less than the target load or the flame temperature is low, the opening of the water inlet valve can be reduced to avoid the outlet water temperature being too low; when the current combustion load is greater than the target load or the flame temperature is too high, the opening of the water inlet valve can be increased to avoid the outlet water temperature being too high and scalding the user.

[0157] In the related art, after the gas water heater starts combustion, the target gas demand is calculated according to the target load, the second opening of the gas valve is calculated according to the target gas demand, and the gas valve is controlled to operate at the second opening. However, due to the change of gas concentration in practice, when the gas valve operates at the second opening, there is a difference between the gas amount entering the gas water heater and the target gas demand.

[0158] In this embodiment, according to the current combustion load and / or flame temperature, and the target load, the difference between the current combustion load and / or flame temperature and the target load can be compared, and the opening of the gas valve and / or the opening of the water inlet valve can be adjusted according to the difference, so as to realize the closed-loop control of the opening of the gas valve and / or the opening of the water inlet valve, and the working parameters of the gas water heater can be monitored and adjusted in real time to better achieve the target load. The control method of this embodiment can control the fluctuation of the hot water temperature within ±1°C.

[0159] In one embodiment, the combustion feature further includes a combustion state, and the combustion state includes a first preset state and a second preset state, the first preset state includes a normal combustion state; the second preset state includes at least one of flameout, flashback, flame separation, and flame instability. The control method may further include: when the combustion state is the second preset state, determining whether the combustion state changes from the second preset state to the first preset state within a preset time; and according to the combustion state continuing to be in the second preset state within the preset time, controlling the gas water heater to perform a preset protective operation.

[0160] The normal combustion state of the flame can be determined according to the actual product of the gas water heater, and the normal combustion state of different gas water heaters may be different. The normal combustion state corresponding to different loads may be the same or different. According to the flame image, it can be determined whether the flame is in a normal combustion state. When it is in a normal combustion state, the gas water heater can be controlled according to the scheme disclosed in the present invention.

[0161] When the combustion state is one of flameout, flashback, flame separation, unstable flame, etc., it indicates abnormal combustion. When the combustion is abnormal, it is necessary to intervene in the combustion state of the gas water heater to make it burn normally. In one case, the combustion abnormality may be caused by accidental reasons. Therefore, in the present disclosure, when the combustion state is the second preset state, steps S11 to S13 can continue to be executed. And, it is determined whether the combustion state changes from the second preset state to the first preset state within the preset time. If so, the gas water heater can be controlled to work according to steps S11 to S13; if not, that is, the combustion state continues to be the second preset state within the preset time, it means that there is a fault in the gas water heater, and it is necessary to control the gas water heater to perform preset protective operations, so as to enhance safety protection and reduce the risk of accidents.

[0162] In order to further improve safety, in one embodiment, according to the combustion characteristics, the operation of the gas water heater is controlled, including: according to the combustion state being the second preset state, controlling the gas water heater to perform a preset protective operation. As long as the combustion is abnormal, the gas water heater is controlled to perform a preset protective operation. The preset protective operation can be determined according to the specific combustion state.

[0163] For example, when the combustion state is off, it means that the gas water heater has not been started and the combustion of the gas water heater needs to be restarted. Then, the preset protective operation can be to control the restart of the gas water heater, such as re-igniting the igniter; or, the preset operation can be to cut off the gas to avoid gas leakage.

[0164] When the combustion state is backfire, the preset protective operation may include cutting off the gas, and may also include prompting the first fault information so that the user can understand the fault of the gas water heater and facilitate fault resolution.

[0165] When the combustion state is off-fire, the preset protective operation may include cutting off the gas, and may also include prompting a second fault message so that the user can understand the fault of the gas water heater and facilitate fault resolution.

[0166] When the combustion state is that the flame is unstable, the preset protective operation may include cutting off the gas, and may also include prompting a third fault message so that the user can understand the fault of the gas water heater and facilitate fault resolution.

[0167] In one embodiment, the combustion parameters may include flame temperature, and controlling the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics may include: controlling the gas water heater to enter a thermal protection state when the flame temperature is greater than or equal to a temperature threshold.

[0168] The temperature threshold can be a safe temperature value. When the flame temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, if the flame continues to burn, it will cause unsafe conditions. At this time, the gas water heater can be controlled to enter a thermal protection state. The thermal protection state can, for example, include closing the gas channel to prevent the water heater from continuing to heat up; or stopping operation to protect the user and the water heater. The specific thermal protection state can be set as needed.

[0169] The combustion parameters may also include the concentration of harmful gases, which may include carbon monoxide or nitrogen monoxide. According to the combustion characteristics, controlling the operation of the gas water heater may also include: generating an early warning when the concentration of the harmful gas is greater than or equal to a first preset value; shutting off the gas valve when the concentration of the harmful gas is greater than or equal to a second preset value; wherein the second preset value is greater than the first preset value. For example, the first preset value may be approximately 50 ppm, and the second preset value may be approximately 100 ppm.

[0170] This can reduce harmful gas emissions, improve environmental performance, and prevent risks such as harmful gas poisoning.

[0171] In the above embodiment, the built-in controller of the gas water heater can perform fault diagnosis according to the flame image, and control the gas water heater to perform preset operations according to the diagnosis result.

[0172] In another embodiment, when the combustion state satisfies the second preset state, the controller can send the flame image to the server, so that the server performs fault diagnosis based on the flame image; the controller receives the diagnosis result returned by the server, and controls the gas water heater to perform preset protective operations based on the diagnosis result.

[0173] The controller can also store the operating data of the gas water heater, such as flame images and corresponding combustion parameters, combustion status, etc.; the operating data of the gas water heater can be sent to the server, and the server will optimize and update the flame feature extraction model, combustion feature determination model or the third neural network model based on the operating data.

[0174] Exemplarily, the controller may periodically communicate with the server to determine whether there is an optimized, updated flame feature extraction model, combustion feature determination model or third neural network model. If so, the controller receives the flame feature extraction model, combustion feature determination model or third neural network model returned by the server to update each model.

[0175] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control process of a gas water heater in one embodiment of the present disclosure. The following is a detailed description of a technical solution of the present disclosure in conjunction with the control process of the gas water heater. Figure 2 As shown, when the user triggers the water use instruction of the gas water heater, wherein the water use instruction carries the user's water demand information, such as the water use temperature (i.e., the target water outlet temperature), the gas water heater performs system initialization after receiving the water use instruction. During the initialization process, the built-in controller can check the working status of each module, load the preset control parameters of the gas water heater, and load the flame feature extraction model, the combustion feature determination model, or the third neural network model.

[0176] After the initialization is completed, it is determined whether the gas water heater needs to start combustion according to the water use instruction. If combustion needs to be started, the gas water heater starts combustion and determines whether the water heater starts combustion.

[0177] After the water heater is determined to start combustion, it is determined whether the target load has changed. When the gas water heater starts combustion for the first time, the target load is changed relative to the initial load 0, so the target load is obtained and the gas proportional valve is controlled to the first opening according to the target load.

[0178] The image acquisition module is turned on to acquire images, and the acquired images are preprocessed to obtain flame images. After the flame image is input into the flame feature extraction model, the flame feature information is obtained; after the flame feature information is input into the combustion feature determination model, the current air-fuel ratio is obtained. The controller adjusts the intake ratio of air and gas according to the current air-fuel ratio to achieve closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio.

[0179] During the combustion process, the cycle determines whether the gas water heater starts combustion and whether the target load has changed. If not, the flame image continues to be acquired and the air intake ratio of the gas is adjusted until the gas is fully burned. If the target load changes, the corresponding first opening is redetermined according to the changed target load, and the air intake ratio of the gas is adjusted.

[0180] It can be seen from the above control process that the control method of the embodiment of the present disclosure determines the current air-fuel ratio through the flame image, and adjusts the intake ratio of air and gas through the current air-fuel ratio, thereby realizing closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio, expanding the adaptability range to gas pressure fluctuations by 50%, shortening the safety protection response time to less than 100ms, and being applicable to various gas types such as natural gas and liquefied gas.

[0181] The disclosed embodiment also provides a control method for a gas water heater, which is applied to a server, and the control method includes: receiving a flame image from a client; obtaining combustion characteristics of the flame based on the flame image, the combustion characteristics including at least one of a combustion state and a combustion parameter, and the combustion parameter is used to characterize the actual working parameters of the gas water heater of the client; returning the combustion characteristics to the client, so that the client controls the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics.

[0182] Figure 3 The present disclosure is a block diagram of a control device for a gas water heater in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The present disclosure also provides a control device for a gas water heater, the control device comprising: a first acquisition module 31, used to acquire a flame image of the gas water heater according to the start-up of combustion of the gas water heater; a second acquisition module 32, used to acquire the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image, the combustion characteristics including at least one of the combustion state and the combustion parameters, the combustion parameters being used to characterize the actual working parameters of the gas water heater; a control module 33, used to control the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics.

[0183] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a control device for a gas water heater in another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, the control device is applied to the server, and the control device may include: a receiving module 41, used to receive a flame image from a client; a third acquisition module 42, used to obtain the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image, the combustion characteristics include at least one of the combustion state and the combustion parameters, and the combustion parameters are used to characterize the actual working parameters of the gas water heater of the client; a sending module 43, used to return the combustion characteristics to the client, so that the client controls the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics.

[0184] The disclosed embodiment also provides a control system for a gas water heater, comprising: a client, for obtaining a flame image of the gas water heater according to starting combustion in the gas water heater, and sending the flame image to a server; and receiving combustion characteristics returned by the server, and controlling the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics; wherein the combustion characteristics include at least one of a combustion state and a combustion parameter, and the combustion parameter is used to characterize the actual operating parameters of the gas water heater; a server, for receiving the flame image from the client; and obtaining the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image; and returning the combustion characteristics to the client.

[0185] The client may be a controller of a gas water heater.

[0186] The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a gas water heater, comprising: an image acquisition module for acquiring an image of a flame; a gas valve and a water inlet valve; and a controller configured to execute the control method of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0187] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure also provides an electronic device. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device includes: at least one processor 502; and a memory 501 that is communicatively connected to the at least one processor. The memory 501 stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor 502, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor 502 so that the at least one processor 502 can execute the control method in any embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device also includes: a communication interface 503, which is used to communicate with external devices and perform data exchange transmission.

[0188] If the memory 501, the processor 502 and the communication interface 503 are implemented independently, the memory 501, the processor 502 and the communication interface 503 can be connected to each other through a bus and communicate with each other. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 5 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0189] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 501, the processor 502 and the communication interface 503 are integrated on a chip, the memory 501, the processor 502 and the communication interface 503 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0190] It should be understood that in some possible implementations, Figure 5 The processor illustrated in the figure may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0191] Figure 5 The memory illustrated in the figure may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provide instructions and data to the processor. A portion of the memory may also include a non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory may also store information on the device type, etc.

[0192] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0193] The program code for implementing the method of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, enables the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram to be implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0194] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0195] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and the Internet.

[0196] A computer system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server is generated by computer programs running on respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, a server of a distributed system, or a server combined with a blockchain.

[0197] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps recorded in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0198] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A control method for a gas water heater, characterized in that: include: Acquiring a flame image of the gas water heater according to starting combustion of the gas water heater; According to the flame image, a combustion feature of the flame is acquired, wherein the combustion feature includes at least one of a combustion state and a combustion parameter, and the combustion parameter is used to characterize an actual working parameter of the gas water heater; The operation of the gas water heater is controlled according to the combustion characteristics.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion parameter includes a current air-fuel ratio, and the operation of the gas water heater is controlled according to the combustion characteristics, including: According to the current air-fuel ratio, the intake ratio of air and gas in the gas water heater is adjusted.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The step of adjusting the intake ratio of air to gas in the gas water heater according to the current air-fuel ratio comprises at least one of the following: According to the current air-fuel ratio, adjusting the opening of the gas proportional valve in the gas water heater; According to the current air-fuel ratio, adjusting the speed of the fan in the gas water heater; According to the current air-fuel ratio, the opening of the air proportion valve in the gas water heater is adjusted.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before acquiring the flame image of the gas water heater, the method further includes: A target load is obtained, and a gas proportional valve in the gas water heater is controlled to have a first opening according to the target load, wherein the first opening corresponds to the target load.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The combustion parameter includes a current air-fuel ratio, and the operation of the gas water heater is controlled according to the combustion characteristics, including: According to the current air-fuel ratio, the air intake amount of the gas water heater is adjusted.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Also includes: According to the change of the target load, the step of controlling the gas proportional valve in the gas water heater to a first opening degree according to the target load is executed; According to the unchanged target load, the step of acquiring the flame image of the gas water heater is executed.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of controlling the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics comprises: Acquiring a target parameter corresponding to the combustion parameter; According to the combustion parameter and the target parameter, adjusting the gas intake amount and / or the opening of the water inlet valve in the gas water heater; The combustion parameters include the current combustion load or flame temperature, the target parameters corresponding to the current combustion load include the target load, and the target parameters corresponding to the flame temperature include the outlet water target temperature.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The combustion feature further includes a combustion state, the combustion state includes a first preset state and a second preset state, the first preset state includes a normal combustion state; the second preset state includes at least one of flameout, flashback, flame separation, and flame instability, the method further includes: When the combustion state is the second preset state, determining whether the combustion state changes from the second preset state to the first preset state within a preset time; According to the combustion state continuing to be in the second preset state within the preset time, the gas water heater is controlled to perform a preset protective operation.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion state includes a first preset state and a second preset state, the first preset state includes a normal combustion state; the second preset state includes at least one of flameout, flashback, flame separation, and flame instability; The step of controlling the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics comprises: According to the combustion state being the second preset state, the gas water heater is controlled to perform a preset protective operation.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The combustion characteristics include combustion parameters, and the combustion parameters include flame temperature. According to the combustion characteristics, controlling the operation of the gas water heater includes: When the flame temperature is greater than or equal to a temperature threshold, the gas water heater is controlled to enter an overheat protection state.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion characteristics include combustion parameters, and the combustion parameters include concentration of harmful gases. According to the combustion characteristics, controlling the operation of the gas water heater includes: When the concentration of the harmful gas is greater than or equal to a first preset value, generating an early warning prompt and increasing the speed of the fan in the gas water heater; When the concentration of the harmful gas is greater than or equal to a second preset value, shutting off the gas valve; Wherein, the second preset value is greater than the first preset value.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, 9-11, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image comprises: Performing feature extraction on the flame image to obtain flame feature information of the flame image; The combustion characteristics are obtained according to the flame characteristic information.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The step of extracting features from the flame image to obtain flame feature information of the flame image includes: Inputting the flame image into a preset flame feature extraction model to obtain the flame feature information; or, Image recognition technology is used to extract features from the flame image to obtain the flame feature information.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The step of obtaining the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame characteristic information includes: The flame characteristic information is input into a preset combustion characteristic determination model to obtain the combustion characteristic.

15. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The flame characteristic information includes at least one of the following: color distribution characteristics, brightness change characteristics, morphological characteristics and time domain characteristics.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, 9-11, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image comprises: The flame image is input into a preset neural network model to obtain the combustion characteristics.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, 9-11, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image comprises: Sending the flame image to a server; The combustion feature returned by the server is received, where the combustion feature is obtained by the server according to the flame image.

18. A control device for a gas water heater, characterized in that: include: A first acquisition module, configured to acquire a flame image of the gas water heater according to starting combustion of the gas water heater; A second acquisition module, which acquires the combustion characteristics of the flame according to the flame image, wherein the combustion characteristics include at least one of a combustion state and a combustion parameter, and the combustion parameter is used to characterize the actual working parameters of the gas water heater; A control module is used to control the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics.

19. A control system for a gas water heater, characterized in that: include: The client is used to start combustion according to the gas water heater, obtain a flame image of the gas water heater, and send the flame image to the server; and receive the combustion characteristics returned by the server, and control the operation of the gas water heater according to the combustion characteristics; wherein the combustion characteristics include at least one of a combustion state and a combustion parameter, and the combustion parameter is used to characterize the actual operating parameters of the gas water heater; The server is used to receive a flame image from a client; obtain a combustion feature of the flame according to the flame image; and return the combustion feature to the client.

20. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; as well as a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

21. A gas water heater, characterized in that: include: An image acquisition module, used for acquiring flame images; Gas valve and water inlet valve; A controller configured to execute the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

Images