Device and method for preparing similar samples of bedding and laminate rock masses

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation device and a preparation method of similar stratification and laminate rock mass samples, the preparation device comprises a base, a test box, a support frame, an angle adjusting frame, a drilling device and a correction device, the test box is a square box body with an open top, the left and right sides of the test box are detachable, and four adjustable ground feet are arranged at the bottom of the test box. The number of the supporting frames is two, the supporting frames are symmetrically arranged over the two ground rails front and back, and the angle adjusting frame is arranged between the two supporting frames. The drilling device comprises a motor mounting frame, a servo motor, a threaded drill rod and a drill bit, the servo motor is arranged on the angle adjusting frame through the motor mounting frame, and the servo motor drives the drill bit to rotate through the threaded drill rod and move in the axial direction of the drill bit. The correcting device comprises two correcting frames of an N-shaped structure, and two correcting plates are arranged between the two correcting frames. Multi-angle sampling on the upper portion, the left side and the right side of a rock mass model is achieved, the drilling angle can be flexibly adjusted, the accuracy and consistency of the drilling angle are ensured through the correction frame plate, and the sampling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock sample processing, and in particular to a device and a method for preparing samples similar to bedding and lamellar rock masses. Background Art

[0002] Anisotropy is a typical mechanical characteristic of layered rock mass (such as shale and slate), and is also one of the main research directions of rock mechanical properties in the engineering field. Unlike general rock mass, the deformation and strength of layered rock mass have obvious anisotropic characteristics, and its failure mechanism is more complicated. Engineering accidents caused by the stability of layered rock mass occur from time to time, causing certain economic losses. The study of the mechanical properties of layered rock mass has important practical significance. In order to study the anisotropic mechanical characteristics of layered rock mass, it is necessary to drill rock samples with different bedding plane inclinations, and conduct a series of physical, mechanical and permeability tests to provide theoretical support for rock mass engineering design and construction. Therefore, it is very important to prepare standard samples of layered rock mass with different bedding plane inclinations indoors.

[0003] The natural layered rock mass collected on site has different specifications and large discreteness, which cannot better meet the test requirements in the laboratory. A large number of standard samples need to be produced during the test. At present, the molds for preparing and drilling layered rock samples are relatively simple, with problems such as low drilling efficiency and drilling angle accuracy, poor stability and continuity during drilling, cumbersome operation procedures and high operation intensity. It can be seen that the existing layered rock sampling equipment cannot meet the actual use requirements. Based on this situation, it is necessary to propose a more reasonable solution for the production of standard samples of similar rock materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to propose a device for preparing samples similar to be bedded and plate-like rock masses, so as to solve the problems of low drilling efficiency and drilling angle accuracy of rock samples, poor stability and continuity during the drilling process, and complicated operating procedures and high labor intensity.

[0005] A device for preparing samples similar to bedding and lamellar rock masses comprises a base, a test box, a support frame, a drilling device and a correction device. The upper surface of the base is provided with two ground rails. The test box is a square box with an open top, and its left and right plates are both detachable. Four adjustable feet are provided at the bottom of the test box, and the bottom of the test box is slidably matched with the surface of the ground rails.

[0006] There are two support frames, which are symmetrically arranged front and back just above the two ground rails. The support frames are N-shaped structures, and the lower ends of the left and right sides are fixedly connected to the base. Each support frame is provided with a vertical plate, and the lower end of each vertical plate is adjustably fixedly connected to the top and left and right sides of the support frame where it is located, and an angle plate is fixedly embedded on the front side wall of the rear vertical plate.

[0007] A longitudinally arranged angle adjustment frame is provided between the two vertical plates, and the front and rear ends of the angle adjustment frame are rotatably connected to the upper ends of the two vertical plates respectively. A locking block is provided on the vertical plate at the rear side to fix the angle adjustment frame to the vertical plate.

[0008] The drilling device comprises a motor mounting frame, a servo motor, a threaded drill rod and a drill bit. The motor mounting frame is arranged on the angle adjustment frame and its front and rear relative position is adjustable. The servo motor is fixed on the top of the motor mounting frame, and its output shaft adopts a hollow shaft.

[0009] The threaded drill rod is slidably inserted into the inner side of the hollow shaft, a nut seat matching the threaded drill rod is provided at the lower part of the motor mounting frame, the lower end of the threaded drill rod passes through the nut seat and is coaxially fixedly connected with the upper end of the drill bit, and the servo motor drives the drill bit to rotate and move along its axial direction through the threaded drill rod.

[0010] The correction device includes two correction frames that can be detachably installed on the front and rear sides of the test box. The correction frames are also N-shaped structures. Two correction plates are arranged between the two correction frames. The front and rear ends of the correction plates are slidably matched with the tops and left and right sides of the two correction frames through square sliders. In addition, the two ends of the correction plates are respectively rotatably connected to the square sliders, and the angle of the correction plates is positioned so that the correction plates can be fixedly connected to the square sliders.

[0011] Furthermore, the test box includes a bottom plate, a front side plate, a rear side plate, a left side plate and a right side plate. The front and rear side plates are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the bottom plate, and the lower ends are fixedly connected to the bottom plate. The front side plate and the rear side plate are both made of transparent material, and the front side plate has a scale.

[0012] The left and right side panels are vertically arranged between the front side panel and the rear side panel, and the front and rear ends of the left and right side panels are respectively plugged and fixedly connected with the front side panel and the rear side panel.

[0013] The front side wall of the rear side plate is provided with two dovetail slide grooves arranged on the left and the right, and the rear side wall of the front side plate is provided with two identical dovetail slide grooves corresponding to the positions of the rear side plates one by one.

[0014] The left and right side panels are provided with integrated long dovetail sliders at both front and rear ends. Each dovetail slider is located in a corresponding dovetail slot and slides in cooperation. The left and right ends of the front and rear side panels extend out of the outer wall of the left or right side panel.

[0015] Furthermore, the cross section of the floor rail is square, and two of the floor rails are longitudinally spaced and parallel and fixedly installed on the base, and the surface of the floor rail has a plurality of rollers spaced and arranged along the length direction thereof.

[0016] A positioning plate is fixedly provided at the bottom of the test box, and the left and right sides of the positioning plate are respectively slidably matched with the two ground rails. The front side of the positioning plate has a horizontal ruler 1 arranged horizontally, and the right side wall of the bottom plate has a vertically arranged horizontal ruler 2.

[0017] Furthermore, the support frame includes a first column and a first crossbeam, there are two first columns and they are vertically arranged opposite to each other on the left and right sides, the first crossbeam is horizontally arranged between the two first columns, and its left and right ends are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two first columns through a guide plate to form a whole.

[0018] The two supporting frames have a first slideway extending along its length direction on one side opposite to the other. A rectangular strip slider is provided on the inner side of the first slideway. The strip sliders are respectively slidably matched with the first column and the first beam. Each strip slider is fixedly connected to the lower end of the vertical plate on the same side.

[0019] The first column and the first beam are each provided with a group of through holes, each group of through holes includes a plurality of through holes arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the first column or the first beam, and bolt holes are provided on the opposite sides of the two strip sliders, and locking bolts are arranged in the bolt holes.

[0020] Furthermore, the first column and the first beam are both made of C-shaped steel, the guide plate is a 3 / 4 disk with a circular cavity inside, and the groove inside the first beam communicates with the groove inside the first column through the circular cavity to form the first slideway.

[0021] The inner side of the guide plate is provided with a T-shaped guide column arranged coaxially therewith, one end of the T-shaped guide column is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide plate as a whole, and in addition, the two strip sliders are provided with guide grooves matching the T-shaped guide column on the opposite sides, and the guide grooves extend to both ends of the linear motion direction of the strip sliders.

[0022] The bolt hole is located on the inner side of the guide slot. When the strip slider moves to the end of the first beam and continues to move, the T-shaped guide column enters the guide slot. After the end of the strip slider contacts the inner wall of the guide plate, it rotates 90° around the T-shaped guide column and maintains this state to move downward into the inner side of the first column to complete the turn.

[0023] Furthermore, the angle adjustment frame includes a guide rod and a connecting plate, wherein the guide rods are two and are longitudinally arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the same ends of the two guide rods are fixedly connected to form a whole through the connecting plate.

[0024] A fixed shaft 1 arranged parallel to the guide rod is respectively provided on the opposite side of the two connecting plates. The two fixed shafts are arranged coaxially, one end of the fixed shaft 1 is connected to the middle part of the connecting plate as a whole, and the other end passes through the vertical plate on the same side and rotates with the vertical plate.

[0025] The angle disk 1 is a 360° circular disk, and the fixed shaft 1 on the rear side passes through the center of the angle disk 1. A pointer 1 that matches the angle disk 1 is fixed on its circumferential outer wall. The locking block can lock the rear end of the fixed shaft 1 on the rear side so that it is fixedly connected to the vertical plate on the rear side.

[0026] Furthermore, two guide rods are inserted into the inner side of the motor mounting frame, the motor mounting frame and the guide rods are longitudinally slidably matched, and a positioning bolt is provided on one side of the motor mounting frame, and the positioning bolt locks the motor mounting frame on the guide rod.

[0027] A keyway along its axial direction is opened on the circumferential side wall of the threaded drill rod, a flat key matching the keyway is fixed on the inner side wall of the hollow shaft, the nut seat is fixed to the lower part of the motor mounting frame, the lower end of the threaded drill rod passes through the nut seat and matches with its thread, the drill bit is a cylindrical shape with a closed top, and its lower end face is a toothed structure.

[0028] When the servo motor drives the threaded drill rod to rotate, the threaded drill rod is vertically lifted and lowered relative to the motor mounting frame.

[0029] Furthermore, a second slideway with the same shape as the correction frame is provided on the correction frame. The main part of the square slider is a cube, and its upper and lower sides and left and right sides have limiting parts that cooperate with the side walls of the correction frame. The square slider is located on the inner side of the second slideway and slides horizontally with the top of the correction frame, and can also slide vertically with the left and right sides of the correction frame.

[0030] The front and rear ends of the correction plate are respectively provided with a fixed shaft 2, one end of which is fixedly connected to the middle of the end surface of the correction plate, and the other end passes through the corresponding square slider and is provided with a locking nut.

[0031] Angle disc 2 is fixedly embedded in the front side wall of the rear square slider, the axis of fixed shaft 2 coincides with the center of angle disc 2, and pointer 2 matching with angle disc 2 is fixed on the circumferential outer wall of fixed shaft 2.

[0032] Furthermore, the correction frame is an integrated structure consisting of a second crossbeam and two second upright posts, and adjacent sides of the two second upright posts are each provided with a vertical groove matched with the end of the front side plate or the rear side plate.

[0033] The inner sides of the second crossbeam and the second column respectively have straight grooves along their length directions, and the cross-section of the straight grooves matches the square slider. The straight grooves in the second crossbeam are connected and communicated with the straight grooves in the two second columns to form the second slideway.

[0034] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing similar samples of bedding and lamellar rock masses.

[0035] A method for preparing a sample similar to a bedding and a stratified rock mass, using the above-mentioned bedding and stratified rock mass similar sample preparation device, the method comprises the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: According to the relevant parameters and similarity ratios of the strata and bedding in the real layered rock mass, the similar material ratios and thicknesses of the strata and bedding are determined respectively, and strata similar materials and bedding similar materials are obtained.

[0037] Adjust the adjustable feet at the bottom of the test box to make the bottom surface of the test box in a horizontal state. Then, lay the layer-similar materials and bedding-similar materials of predetermined thickness alternately from bottom to top inside the test box. After laying each layer of layer-similar materials or bedding-similar materials, they need to be leveled and compacted until the rock model is laid. After curing, the rock model reaches the predetermined strength.

[0038] Step 2: Remove the left and right panels of the test box, then install the two correction frames on the front and rear panels of the test box respectively, with the bottom of the crossbeam of the correction frame close to the upper end of the front or rear panel.

[0039] Adjust the adjustable feet at the bottom of the test box to lift it off the ground and let the test box fall onto the floor rails.

[0040] Move the test box and the rock model inside it along the ground rail to between the two support frames, and adjust the adjustable feet at the bottom of the test box again so that the bottom of the test box leaves the ground rail and is in a horizontal state. At this time, the correction plate and the drilling device are both above the test box.

[0041] Step 3: Adjust the angles of the two correction plates to the set angles. When the angles of the two correction plates are consistent, lock the correction plates and the square sliders. At this time, each correction plate can slide on the correction frame.

[0042] Step 4: After rotating the angle adjustment frame to the set angle, lock the angle adjustment frame and the vertical plate, then start the servo motor, which drives the drill bit to move downward to the upper surface close to the rock model and stops moving. At this time, the two correction plates are respectively on both sides of the drill bit.

[0043] Move the two correction plates toward the drill bit so that the surfaces of the two correction plates contact the circumferential side walls of the drill bit, and observe whether the surfaces of the correction plates fit the circumferential side walls of the drill bit.

[0044] If the correction plate fits the circumferential side wall of the drill bit completely, the drilling angle of the drill bit is correct; if the correction plate does not fit the circumferential side wall of the drill bit completely, it is necessary to adjust the angle of the angle adjustment frame again until they fit completely and then lock the angle adjustment frame and the vertical plate again.

[0045] Step 5: Move the two correction plates to both sides of the drill bit and lock the motor mounting bracket and the angle adjustment bracket.

[0046] The servo motor is started again, the drill bit rotates forward to contact the rock model and drill downward to obtain the rock sample. After reaching the set drilling depth, the drill bit reverses to take out the rock sample. Afterwards, the position and / or angle of the drill bit is adjusted to perform repeated sampling at the top of the rock model in the above manner.

[0047] Step 6: After sampling at the top of the rock model, adjust the angle adjustment frame, the drilling device and the two correction plates to the side of the rock model, repeat steps 3 to 5, and the drilling device completes sampling on the side of the rock model.

[0048] The drilled rock samples are cut and polished into standard samples as required for subsequent use.

[0049] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0050] 1. The high efficiency of the drilling capacity of the present invention: the large-scale horizontal model is used for laying, combined with a drilling device with flexible position and angle adjustment, to achieve multi-directional sampling on the left, top and right sides of the layered rock model, significantly improving the sampling efficiency. The drill bit can achieve continuous sampling by adjusting the position between the two correction plates, which not only ensures the continuity and stability of the sampling process, but also speeds up the sampling speed, reduces the interval of sampling time, and can maximize the use of the laid similar model materials.

[0051] 2. Accuracy of the drilling angle of the present invention: The drilling device can flexibly adjust the drilling angle, and the precise coordination between the drilling device and the correction plate ensures the accuracy and consistency of the drilling angle of the sample.

[0052] 3. Flexibility in model laying and parameter adjustment of the present invention: According to the relevant parameters (physical, mechanical and permeability) of the stratified rock mass and the bedding and the main similarity ratio, the similar material ratio of the stratified rock and the bedding is obtained through a proportioning test, and used as the basis for model laying, and the laying thickness of the stratified rock and the bedding can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific needs of the experiment.

[0053] 4. The convenience of operation of the present invention: the entire sampling process only requires the laying of a large-scale horizontal model once, and rock samples with the required bedding angle, shape and size can be flexibly drilled according to experimental requirements, overcoming the operational disadvantages of frequent moving or adjusting the model angle during traditional sample drilling, greatly simplifying the operation process, and reducing the operation difficulty and labor intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a device for preparing samples similar to bedding and lamellar rock masses.

[0055] Figure 2 yes Figure 1A schematic diagram of a part of the structure shows a test chamber.

[0056] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the cooperation relationship between the test box and the support frame of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of another part shows the correction device.

[0058] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of part A.

[0059] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the support frame, angle adjustment frame, drilling device and related parts of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of part B.

[0061] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of a part thereof shows an angle adjustment frame, a drilling device and related parts.

[0062] Fig. 9 yes Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional view of the combined structure shown in FIG.

[0063] Fig.10 The present invention is a diagram showing the use status of a device for preparing samples similar to bedding and lamellar rock masses.

[0064] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the test box of the present invention and the rock model assembly therein.

[0065] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the installation process of the correction device of the present invention on the test box.

[0066] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the drill bit of the present invention taking samples on the left side, right side and upper side of the rock model.

[0067] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the standard sample structure made by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] In order to make the advantages and technical solutions of the present invention more clear and explicit, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0069] Embodiment 1, combination Figures 1 to 10, a device for preparing samples similar to bedding and lamellar rock masses, especially suitable for drilling shale samples, comprises a base 1, a test box 2, a support frame 3, a drilling device 4 and a correction device, wherein the base 1 is a square flat plate that can be fixed on the ground or a workbench, and two ground rails 11 are laid on the upper surface of the base 1, and the cross section of the ground rail 11 is square, and the two ground rails 11 are arranged in parallel with each other at a longitudinal interval and fixed on the base 1 by bolts, preferably, a plurality of rollers are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the ground rail 11 in an embedded manner on the surface, and each roller is rotatably connected to the ground rail where it is located, and the upper surface heights of the rollers on the same ground rail 11 are consistent.

[0070] The test box 2 is a square box with an open top. The test box 2 is used to form a model of layered rock-like materials. Its left side plate 24 and right side plate 25 are both detachable. Four adjustable feet 20 are provided at the bottom of the test box 2. The four adjustable feet 20 are respectively installed at the four corners of the test box 2 and are located outside the two ground rails 11. The adjustable feet 20 bear the test box 2 and adjust the levelness of the test box 2. After the adjustable feet 20 leave the ground, the two ground rails 11 support the bottom of the test box 2, and the bottom of the test box 2 is slidably matched with the upper surface of the ground rails 11.

[0071] Specifically, the test box 2 includes a bottom plate 21, a front side plate 22, a rear side plate 23, a left side plate 24 and a right side plate 25. The front side plate 22 and the rear side plate 23 are respectively arranged vertically on the front and rear sides of the bottom plate 21, and their lower ends are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 21. The front side plate and the rear side plate are both made of transparent materials, and the front side plate has a scale for measuring height. The left side plate 24 and the right side plate 25 are vertically arranged between the front side plate 22 and the rear side plate 23, and the front and rear ends of the left side plate 24 and the right side plate 25 are respectively fixedly connected to the front side plate 22 and the rear side plate 23 in a plug-in manner.

[0072] The front side wall of the rear side plate 23 has two dovetail chute grooves 26 arranged on the left and the right, and the rear side wall of the front side plate 22 has two similar dovetail chute grooves 26 corresponding to the positions of the rear side plate 23. The front and rear ends of the left side plate 24 and the right side plate 25 are provided with long strip dovetail sliders 261 integral therewith, and each dovetail slider 261 is located in the corresponding dovetail chute 26 and slidably cooperates, and the left and right ends of the front side plate 22 and the rear side plate 23 both extend out of the outer wall of the left side plate 24 or the right side plate 25.

[0073] A positioning plate 27 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the test box 2, and the left and right sides of the positioning plate 27 are slidably matched with the two ground rails 11 respectively. The front side of the positioning plate 27 has a horizontally arranged level ruler 28, and the level ruler 28 is used to detect the horizontality of the test box 2 in the left and right directions. A vertically arranged level ruler 29 is provided on the right side wall of the bottom plate 21, and the level ruler 29 is used to detect the horizontality of the test box 2 in the front and back directions. When the bubbles in the level rulers 1 28 and 29 are both in the middle position, it indicates that the test box 2 is in a horizontal state.

[0074] The correction device includes two correction frames 5 that can be detachably installed on the front and rear sides of the test box 2. The correction frame 5 is also an N-shaped structure. The correction frame 5 is an integrated structure composed of a second crossbeam 51 and two second columns 52. The adjacent sides of the two second columns 52 are each provided with a vertical groove 521 that matches the left and right ends of the front side plate 22 or the rear side plate 23. The correction frame 5 is installed from the top of the test box 2, and the lower end of the vertical groove 521 is aligned with the left and right ends of the front side plate 22 or the rear side plate 23 of the test box 2. The correction frame 5 moves downward relative to the test box 2 and is installed on the test box 2.

[0075] Specifically, the correction frame 5 is provided with a second slide 53 of the same shape as the correction frame 5, and the inner sides of the second crossbeam 51 and the second column 52 respectively have straight grooves along their length directions, and the cross-section of the straight grooves matches the square slider 54. The straight groove in the second crossbeam 51 is connected to the straight grooves in the two second columns 52 to form the second slide 53.

[0076] Two correction plates 58 are provided between the two correction frames 5. The front and rear ends of the correction plate 58 are slidably matched with the top and left and right sides of the two correction frames 5 through square sliders 54. In addition, the two ends of the correction plate 58 are respectively connected to the square sliders 54 for rotation, and the angle value of the correction plate 58 is positioned by a locking nut so that the correction plate 58 is fixedly connected to the square slider 54.

[0077] The main part of the square slider 54 is a cube, and has limit parts 541 on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides that cooperate with the side walls of the correction frame 5. The limit parts 541 protrude outward relative to the left and right sides and the upper and lower side walls of the main part. The square slider 54 is located on the inner side of the second slide 53 and is horizontally slidably matched with the top of the correction frame 5, and can also be vertically slidably matched with the left and right sides of the correction frame 5.

[0078] The front and rear ends of the correction plate 58 are respectively provided with a second fixed shaft 55 , one end of the second fixed shaft 55 is fixedly connected to the middle of the end surface of the correction plate 58 , and the other end passes through the corresponding square slider 54 and is provided with a locking nut.

[0079] Angle disc 2 56 is fixedly embedded in the front side wall of the rear square slider 54 . The axis of fixed shaft 2 55 coincides with the center of angle disc 2 56 . Pointer 2 57 matching with angle disc 2 56 is fixed on the circumferential outer wall of fixed shaft 2 55 .

[0080] There are two support frames 3, which are symmetrically arranged front and back just above the two ground rails 11. The support frames 3 are N-shaped structures, and the lower ends of the left and right sides are fixedly connected to the base 1. The opposite sides of the two support frames 3 have a first slideway extending along the length direction thereof.

[0081] Specifically, the support frame 3 includes a first cross beam 31 and a first column 32. There are two first columns 32 and they are vertically arranged opposite to each other on the left and right sides. The first cross beam 31 is horizontally arranged between the two first columns 32, and its left and right ends are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two first columns 32 through a guide plate 33 to form a whole.

[0082] The first column 32 and the first beam 31 are both made of C-shaped steel, the guide plate 33 is a 3 / 4 disk with a circular cavity inside, and the groove inside the first beam 31 communicates with the groove inside the first column 32 through the circular cavity to form the first slideway.

[0083] Each support frame 3 is provided with a vertical plate 34 , and the lower end of each vertical plate 34 is adjustably fixedly connected to the top and left and right sides of the support frame 3 , and an angle plate 35 is fixedly embedded on the front side wall of the rear vertical plate 34 .

[0084] A rectangular parallelepiped strip slider 36 is provided on the inner side of the first slideway, and the strip slider 36 is slidably matched with the first column 32 and the first crossbeam 31 respectively, and each strip slider 36 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the vertical plate 34 on the same side. A T-shaped guide column 331 is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the guide plate 33, and one end of the T-shaped guide column 331 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide plate 33 as a whole. In addition, a guide groove 361 matching with the T-shaped guide column 331 is provided on the opposite side of the two strip sliders 36, and the guide groove 361 passes through the two ends of the strip slider 36 in the linear motion direction.

[0085] A group of through holes 311 are provided on the first column 32 and the first beam 31, and each group of through holes includes a plurality of through holes 311 arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the first column 32 or the first beam 31. Bolt holes 362 are provided on the opposite sides of the two strip sliders 36, and locking bolts 37 are arranged in the bolt holes 362.

[0086] The bolt hole 362 is located on the inner side of the guide groove 361. When the strip slider 36 moves to the end of the first cross beam 31 and continues to move, the T-shaped guide column 331 enters the guide groove 361. After the end of the strip slider 36 contacts the inner wall of the guide plate 33, it rotates 90° around the T-shaped guide column 331 and maintains this state to move downward into the inner side of the first column 32 to complete the turn.

[0087] There is a longitudinally arranged angle adjustment frame between the two vertical plates 34, and the front and rear ends of the angle adjustment frame are rotatably connected to the upper ends of the two vertical plates 34 respectively. A locking block 38 is provided on the vertical plate 34 located on the rear side to fix the angle adjustment frame to the vertical plate 34, and the locking block 38 is installed on the rear side wall of the vertical plate 34.

[0088] The angle adjustment frame includes a guide rod 61 and a connecting plate 62. The guide rods 61 are two and arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction. The same ends of the two guide rods 61 are fixedly connected to form a whole through the connecting plates 62. The two connecting plates 62 are provided with a fixed shaft 63 arranged parallel to the guide rod 61 on the opposite sides. The two fixed shafts 63 are arranged coaxially. One end of the fixed shaft 63 is connected to the middle part of the connecting plate 62 to form a whole, and the other end passes through the vertical plate 34 on the same side and rotates with the vertical plate 34.

[0089] The angle disk 35 is a 360° circular disk, and the rear fixed shaft 63 passes through the center of the angle disk 35. A pointer 64 that matches the angle disk 35 is fixed on its circumferential outer wall. The locking block 38 can lock the rear end of the rear fixed shaft 63 with the rear vertical plate 34, so that it is fixedly connected to the rear vertical plate 34.

[0090] The drilling device 4 includes a motor mounting frame 41, a servo motor 42, a threaded drill rod 43 and a drill bit 44. The motor mounting frame 41 is arranged on the angle adjustment frame and its front and rear relative position is adjustable. The servo motor 42 is fixed to the top of the motor mounting frame 41, and its output shaft adopts a hollow shaft. Specifically, two guide rods 61 are inserted into the inner side of the motor mounting frame 41, and the motor mounting frame 41 and the guide rods 61 are longitudinally slidably matched. A positioning bolt 45 is provided on one side of the motor mounting frame 41, and the positioning bolt 45 locks the motor mounting frame 41 on the guide rod 61.

[0091] The threaded drill rod 43 is slidably arranged inside the hollow shaft, and a keyway 431 is provided along the axial direction of the threaded drill rod 43 on the circumferential side wall, and a flat key matched with the keyway 431 is fixed on the inner side wall of the hollow shaft. A nut seat matched with the threaded drill rod 43 is provided at the lower part of the motor mounting frame 41, and the nut seat is fixed to the lower part of the motor mounting frame 41, and the lower end of the threaded drill rod 43 passes through the nut seat and is threadedly matched with the nut seat.

[0092] The drill bit 44 is cylindrical with a closed top, and its lower end surface is a toothed structure. The lower end of the threaded drill rod 43 passes through the nut seat and is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper end of the drill bit 44. The servo motor 42 drives the drill bit 44 to rotate and move along its axial direction through the threaded drill rod 43. Specifically, when the servo motor 42 drives the threaded drill rod 43 to rotate, the threaded drill rod 43 is vertically lifted relative to the motor mounting frame 41.

[0093] Embodiment 2, combined Figures 1 to 14 A method for preparing a sample similar to a bedding and a stratified rock mass is provided. The method adopts the device for preparing a sample similar to a bedding and a stratified rock mass. The method comprises the following steps:

[0094] Step 1: According to the relevant parameters and similarity ratios of the strata and bedding in the real layered rock mass, the similar material ratios and thicknesses of the strata and bedding are determined respectively, and strata similar materials and bedding similar materials are prepared.

[0095] Adjust the adjustable feet 20 at the bottom of the test box 2 to make the bottom surface of the test box 2 in a horizontal state. Then, lay layer-similar materials and bedding-similar materials of predetermined thickness alternately from bottom to top inside the test box 2. After laying each layer of layer-similar materials or bedding-similar materials, they need to be leveled and compacted until the rock model 71 is laid. After curing, the rock model 71 reaches a predetermined strength. The thickness of the layer 72 and bedding 73 of the rock model 71 is determined according to the experimental requirements.

[0096] Step 2: Remove the left side panel 24 and the right side panel 25 of the test box 2, and then install the two correction frames 5 on the front side panel 22 and the rear side panel 23 of the test box 2 respectively, with the bottom of the crossbeam of the correction frame 5 close to the upper end of the front side panel 22 or the rear side panel 23.

[0097] The adjustable feet 20 at the bottom of the test box 2 are adjusted to make it leave the ground, and the test box 2 falls onto the ground rail 11.

[0098] Move the test box 2 and the rock model inside it along the ground rail 11 to between the two support frames 3, and adjust the adjustable feet 20 at the bottom of the test box 2 again so that the bottom of the test box 2 leaves the ground rail 11 and is in a horizontal state. At this time, the correction plate 58 and the drilling device 4 are both above the test box 2.

[0099] Step 3: Adjust the angles of the two correction plates 58 to the set angles, keep the angles of the two correction plates 58 consistent, and lock the correction plates 58 and the square sliders 54 . At this time, each correction plate 58 can slide on the correction frame 5 .

[0100] Step 4: After rotating the angle adjustment frame to the set angle, lock the angle adjustment frame and the vertical plate 34, then start the servo motor 42, which drives the drill bit 44 to move downward to the upper surface close to the rock model 71 through the threaded drill rod 43 and stops moving. At this time, the two correction plates 58 are respectively on both sides of the drill bit 44.

[0101] Move the two correction plates 58 toward the drill bit 44 and bring them close to each other. The surfaces of the two correction plates 58 are in contact with the circumferential side walls of the drill bit 44 . Observe whether the surfaces of the correction plates 58 are in contact with the circumferential side walls of the drill bit 44 .

[0102] If the correction plate 58 is completely in contact with the circumferential side wall of the drill bit 44, the drilling angle of the drill bit 44 is correct, and the process proceeds to the next step.

[0103] If the correction plate 58 is not completely in contact with the circumferential side wall of the drill bit 44, it is necessary to adjust the angle of the angle adjustment frame again until they are completely in contact, and then lock the angle adjustment frame and the vertical plate 34 again, and then proceed to the next step.

[0104] Step 5: Move the two correction plates 58 to the two sides of the drill bit 44 respectively, and lock the motor mounting bracket 41 on the angle adjustment bracket.

[0105] The servo motor 42 is started again, and the drill bit 44 rotates forward to contact the rock model 71 and drill downward to obtain the rock sample. After reaching the set drilling depth, the drill bit 44 reverses to take out the rock sample. Thereafter, the position and / or angle of the drill bit 44 above the rock model 71 is adjusted to perform repeated sampling at the top of the rock model 71 in the manner described above.

[0106] Step 6: After sampling is completed at the top of the rock model 71, the angle adjustment frame, the drilling device 4 and the two correction plates 58 are adjusted to the side of the rock model 71, and steps 3 to 5 are repeated. The drilling device completes sampling on the side of the rock model 71. The drilled rock samples are cut and polished into standard samples 74 as required for subsequent use.

[0107] Parts not described in the present invention can be implemented by adopting or drawing on existing technologies.

[0108] Furthermore, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0109] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0110] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preparing samples of bedding and lamellar rock masses, characterized in that: It includes a base, a test box, a support frame, a drilling device and a correction device. The test box is a square box with an open top and both left and right sides are detachable. The test box is arranged above the base through two ground rails, and four adjustable feet are arranged at the bottom. There are two support frames, which are symmetrically arranged front and back just above the two ground rails. The support frames are N-shaped structures, and the lower ends of the left and right sides are fixedly connected to the base. Each support frame is provided with a vertical plate, and the lower end of each vertical plate is adjustable and fixedly connected to the top and left and right sides of the support frame where it is located. An angle plate 1 is fixedly embedded on the front side wall of the rear vertical plate; An angle adjustment frame is longitudinally arranged between the two vertical plates, and the front and rear ends of the angle adjustment frame are rotatably connected to the upper ends of the two vertical plates respectively, and a locking block is provided on the vertical plate at the rear side to fix the angle adjustment frame to the vertical plate; The drilling device comprises a motor mounting frame, a servo motor, a threaded drill rod and a drill bit. The motor mounting frame is arranged on the angle adjustment frame and its front and rear relative position is adjustable. The servo motor is fixed on the top of the motor mounting frame, and its output shaft adopts a hollow shaft. The threaded drill rod is slidably inserted into the inner side of the hollow shaft, a nut seat matching the threaded drill rod is provided at the lower part of the motor mounting frame, the lower end of the threaded drill rod passes through the nut seat and is coaxially fixedly connected with the upper end of the drill bit, and the servo motor drives the drill bit to rotate and move along its axial direction through the threaded drill rod; The correction device includes two correction frames that can be detachably installed on the front and rear sides of the test box. The correction frames are also N-shaped structures. Two correction plates are arranged between the two correction frames. The front and rear ends of the correction plates are slidably matched with the tops and left and right sides of the two correction frames through square sliders. In addition, the two ends of the correction plates are respectively rotatably connected to the square sliders, and the angle of the correction plates is positioned so that the correction plates can be fixedly connected to the square sliders.

2. A device for preparing similar samples of bedding and lamellar rock masses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test box comprises a bottom plate, a front side plate, a rear side plate, a left side plate and a right side plate, wherein the front and rear side plates are respectively arranged at the front and rear sides of the bottom plate, and the lower ends are fixedly connected to the bottom plate, the front side plate and the rear side plate are both made of transparent materials, and a scale is provided on the front side plate; The left and right side panels are vertically arranged between the front side panel and the rear side panel, and the front and rear ends of the left and right side panels are respectively plugged and fixedly connected with the front side panel and the rear side panel; The front side wall of the rear side plate is provided with two dovetail slide grooves arranged one on the left and one on the right, and the rear side wall of the front side plate is provided with two identical dovetail slide grooves corresponding to the positions of the rear side plates one by one; The left and right side panels are provided with integrated long dovetail sliders at both front and rear ends. Each dovetail slider is located in a corresponding dovetail slot and slides in cooperation. The left and right ends of the front and rear side panels extend out of the outer wall of the left or right side panel.

3. The device for preparing similar samples of bedding and lamellar rock mass according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the ground rail is square, two ground rails are longitudinally spaced and parallel and fixedly installed on the base, and the surface of the ground rail has a plurality of rollers spaced and arranged along the length direction thereof; A positioning plate is fixedly provided at the bottom of the test box, and the left and right sides of the positioning plate are respectively slidably matched with the two ground rails. The front side of the positioning plate has a horizontal ruler 1 arranged horizontally, and the right side wall of the bottom plate has a vertically arranged horizontal ruler 2.

4. The device for preparing similar samples of bedding and lamellar rock mass according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support frame includes a first column and a first crossbeam, wherein there are two first columns and the first crossbeam is arranged vertically opposite to each other on the left and right sides, and the first crossbeam is arranged horizontally between the two first columns, and the left and right ends of the first crossbeam are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two first columns through a guide plate to form a whole; The two supporting frames have a first slideway extending along the length direction on one side thereof, and a rectangular strip slider is provided on the inner side of the first slideway. The strip sliders are respectively slidably matched with the first column and the first crossbeam, and each strip slider is fixedly connected to the lower end of the vertical plate on the same side; The first column and the first beam are each provided with a group of through holes, each group of through holes includes a plurality of through holes arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the first column or the first beam, and bolt holes are provided on the opposite sides of the two strip sliders, and locking bolts are arranged in the bolt holes.

5. The device for preparing similar samples of bedding and lamellar rock mass according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first column and the first crossbeam are both made of C-shaped steel, the guide plate is a 3 / 4 disc with a circular cavity inside, and the groove inside the first crossbeam communicates with the groove inside the first column through the circular cavity to form the first slideway; The inner side of the guide plate is provided with a T-shaped guide column arranged coaxially therewith, one end of the T-shaped guide column is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide plate as a whole, and in addition, the two strip-shaped sliders are provided with guide grooves matching with the T-shaped guide column on the opposite sides, and the guide grooves are connected to the two ends of the strip-shaped slider in the linear motion direction; The bolt hole is located on the inner side of the guide slot. When the strip slider moves to the end of the first beam and continues to move, the T-shaped guide column enters the guide slot. After the end of the strip slider contacts the inner wall of the guide plate, it rotates 90° around the T-shaped guide column and maintains this state to move downward into the inner side of the first column to complete the turn.

6. The device for preparing similar samples of bedding and lamellar rock mass according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle adjustment frame comprises a guide rod and a connecting plate, wherein the guide rods are two and arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction, and the same ends of the two guide rods are fixedly connected to form a whole through the connecting plate; A fixed shaft 1 arranged parallel to the guide rod is respectively provided on the opposite sides of the two connecting plates, and the two fixed shafts are arranged coaxially, one end of the fixed shaft 1 is connected to the middle part of the connecting plate as a whole, and the other end passes through the vertical plate on the same side and rotates with the vertical plate; The angle disk 1 is a 360° circular disk, and the fixed shaft 1 on the rear side passes through the center of the angle disk 1. A pointer 1 that matches the angle disk 1 is fixed on its circumferential outer wall. The locking block can lock the rear end of the fixed shaft 1 on the rear side so that it is fixedly connected to the vertical plate on the rear side.

7. The device for preparing similar samples of bedding and lamellar rock mass according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two guide rods are inserted into the inner side of the motor mounting frame, the motor mounting frame and the guide rods are longitudinally slidably matched, and a positioning bolt is provided on one side of the motor mounting frame, and the positioning bolt locks the motor mounting frame on the guide rod; A keyway is provided along the axial direction of the threaded drill rod on the circumferential side wall, a flat key matching the keyway is fixed on the inner side wall of the hollow shaft, a nut seat is fixed to the lower part of the motor mounting frame, the lower end of the threaded drill rod passes through the nut seat and matches with its thread, the drill bit is a cylindrical shape with a closed top, and its lower end surface is a toothed structure; When the servo motor drives the threaded drill rod to rotate, the threaded drill rod is vertically lifted and lowered relative to the motor mounting frame.

8. The device for preparing similar samples of bedding and lamellar rock mass according to claim 2, characterized in that: The correction frame is provided with a second slideway of the same shape, the main body of the square slider is a cube, and the upper and lower and left and right sides thereof are provided with limit parts that match the side walls of the correction frame. The square slider is located inside the second slideway and is horizontally slidably matched with the top of the correction frame, and can also be vertically slidably matched with the left and right sides of the correction frame; The front and rear ends of the correction plate are respectively provided with a fixed shaft 2, one end of which is fixedly connected to the middle of the end surface of the correction plate, and the other end passes through the corresponding square slider and is provided with a locking nut; Angle disc 2 is fixedly embedded in the front side wall of the rear square slider, the axis of fixed shaft 2 coincides with the center of angle disc 2, and pointer 2 matching with angle disc 2 is fixed on the circumferential outer wall of fixed shaft 2.

9. The device for preparing similar samples of bedding and lamellar rock mass according to claim 8, characterized in that: The correction frame is an integrated structure consisting of a second crossbeam and two second upright posts, and adjacent sides of the two second upright posts are each provided with a vertical groove that matches the end of the front side plate or the rear side plate; The inner sides of the second crossbeam and the second column respectively have straight grooves along their length directions, and the cross-section of the straight grooves matches the square slider. The straight grooves in the second crossbeam are connected and communicated with the straight grooves in the two second columns to form the second slideway.

10. A method for preparing a device for preparing samples of bedding and lamellar rock masses, characterized in that: A device for preparing a sample similar to a layered and plate-like rock mass according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: According to the relevant parameters and similarity ratios of the strata and bedding in the real layered rock mass, the similar material ratios and thicknesses of the strata and bedding are determined respectively, and the strata similar materials and bedding similar materials are obtained; Adjust the adjustable feet at the bottom of the test box to make the bottom surface of the test box horizontal. Then, lay the layer-like materials and bedding-like materials of predetermined thickness alternately from bottom to top inside the test box. After laying each layer of layer-like materials or bedding-like materials, they need to be leveled and compacted until the rock model is laid. After curing, the rock model reaches the predetermined strength. Step 2: Remove the left and right panels of the test box, and then install the two correction frames on the front and rear panels of the test box respectively, with the bottom of the crossbeam of the correction frame close to the upper end of the front or rear panel; Adjust the adjustable feet at the bottom of the test box to make it leave the ground, and the test box falls onto the ground rails; Move the test box and the rock model inside it along the ground rail to between the two support frames, and adjust the adjustable feet at the bottom of the test box again so that the bottom of the test box leaves the ground rail and is in a horizontal state, and the correction plate and the drilling device are both above the test box; Step 3: Adjust the angles of the two correction plates to the set angles. The angles of the two correction plates are consistent. Lock the correction plates and the square sliders. At this time, each correction plate can slide on the correction frame. Step 4: After rotating the angle adjustment frame to a set angle, the angle adjustment frame and the vertical plate are locked, and then the servo motor is started, and the servo motor drives the drill bit to move downward to the upper surface close to the rock model and stops moving. At this time, the two correction plates are respectively on both sides of the drill bit; Move the two correction plates toward the drill bit, so that the surfaces of the two correction plates are in contact with the circumferential side walls of the drill bit, and observe whether the surfaces of the correction plates fit the circumferential side walls of the drill bit; If the correction plate fits the circumferential side wall of the drill bit completely, the drilling angle of the drill bit is correct; if the correction plate does not fit the circumferential side wall of the drill bit completely, it is necessary to adjust the angle of the angle adjustment frame again until they fit completely and then lock the angle adjustment frame and the vertical plate again; Step 5: Move the two correction plates to the two sides of the drill bit, and lock the motor mounting bracket and the angle adjustment bracket; The servo motor is started again, the drill bit rotates forward to contact the rock model and drill downward to take the rock sample. After reaching the set drilling depth, the drill bit reverses to take out the rock sample. After that, the position and / or angle of the drill bit is adjusted to perform repeated sampling at the top of the rock model in the above manner. Step 6: After sampling is completed at the top of the rock model, the angle adjustment frame, the drilling device and the two correction plates are adjusted to the side of the rock model, and steps 3 to 5 are repeated. The drilling device completes sampling on the side of the rock model. The drilled rock samples are cut and polished into standard samples as required for subsequent use.

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