Coal-pillar-free self-roadway-forming multi-size working face similar simulation test device and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a coal-pillar-free self-roadway-forming multi-size working face similar simulation test device and a control method thereof. The coal-pillar-free self-formed roadway multi-size working face similar simulation test device comprises a base; an adjustable side wall; and a boundary sidewall. According to the coal-pillar-free self-roadway-forming multi-size working face similar simulation test device and the control method thereof provided by the invention, the length of the adjustable side wall or the setting position of the boundary side wall is adjusted, so that the size of a model body required to be formed in a simulation process can be adjusted; therefore, the width, length and coal seam thickness of the simulated working face can be changed, the simulation process which can be carried out by a two-dimensional geomechanical model test device in the prior art can be completed, and simulation of different geological conditions and simulation of different construction methods can be further realized by utilizing size changes. Therefore, the test effect and the test precision of the influence on coal mining are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining machinery, in particular to a similar simulation test device for a self-forming lane without coal pillars and a multi-size working face and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Longwall mining is a commonly used coal mining method. It requires two tunnels to be excavated and a section of coal pillars to be left for one working face. It is easy to form a stress concentration zone, the surrounding rock is greatly deformed, and it is difficult to control. It cannot meet the requirements of deep coal safety mining. Moreover, the coal pillars cannot be recovered after the working face is mined, resulting in a waste of coal resources. Based on this, the self-forming tunnel mining technology without coal pillars was proposed. This technology uses the side roof of the goaf to pre-split and cut the seams in advance, so that the overburden of the goaf collapses along the cutting surface under the action of its own weight and mine pressure to form a goaf-side tunnel wall, thereby serving the next working face and changing the traditional longwall mining mode of one side and two tunnels. Because it cuts off the stress transfer path between the roof of the goaf-side tunnel and the overburden of the goaf, the tunnel is in a stress reduction zone, the surrounding rock is more stable, and at the same time, the tunnel excavation volume is reduced, saving coal resources.

[0003] The pillar-free self-forming tunnel mining technology is a new mining method. At present, the research on this technology is still mainly based on on-site industrial tests, numerical simulations and theoretical analysis. However, the theoretical analysis model is simplified, the numerical simulation parameters are inaccurate, and it is difficult to reflect the actual project. The field test cannot monitor the changes of the surrounding rock throughout the entire process, and there are problems such as large investment and long cycle. The geomechanical model test can truly reflect the spatial relationship between the geological structure and the engineering structure, make up for the shortcomings of the above research methods, and truly simulate the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock under mining conditions. To carry out geomechanical model tests, it is necessary to first design a corresponding geomechanical model test system. The inventors have found that the existing model test devices have the following problems:

[0004] (1) Most existing geomechanical models are two-dimensional experimental devices, so most of them are fixed-size devices with a single simulation scope and poor flexibility.

[0005] (2) Regarding the temporal and spatial migration of the overburden above the goaf, the two-dimensional model can only simulate a single linear working face because of its shallow vertical space, making it difficult to monitor the temporal and spatial migration of the overburden. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the test device of the geomechanical model has a single application range and cannot detect the temporal and spatial migration of the overlying rock strata, a similar simulation test device for multi-size working faces without coal pillars and self-forming lanes and a control method thereof are provided, which can change the width, length and coal seam thickness of the working face by adjusting the model size in three dimensions to simulate different geological conditions.

[0007] A similar simulation test device for multi-size working faces with self-forming lanes without coal pillars, comprising:

[0008] Base;

[0009] An adjustable side wall, wherein the adjustable side wall is detachably disposed on the base;

[0010] A boundary side wall, wherein the boundary side wall is disposed on the base and is detachably connected to the adjustable side wall;

[0011] The length of the adjustable side wall is adjustable, and the position of the boundary side wall on the base can be changed as the length of the adjustable side wall changes;

[0012] The setting position of the boundary side wall on the adjustable side wall is adjustable.

[0013] The adjustable side wall comprises at least two baffles, all of which are arranged in parallel along the vertical direction, and the lengths of the baffles are adjustable.

[0014] The adjustable side wall comprises a plate body. At least two installation positions are arranged on the plate body along the length direction of the adjustable side wall. The boundary side wall can be detachably connected to any one of the installation positions.

[0015] The adjustable side wall is detachably connected to the boundary side wall via bolts and / or angle steels.

[0016] The similar simulation test device for multi-size working faces without coal pillars and self-forming lanes also includes a rock overburden detection device. The base, the adjustable side wall and the boundary side wall together form a model frame. The rock overburden detection device is arranged above the model frame, and the rock overburden detection device can detect the model body in the model frame.

[0017] The overburden detection device comprises an overburden detector, and the overburden detector can extend into the interior of the model body through a drill hole on the model body.

[0018] The overburden detection device also includes a magnetic ring and a guide. The magnetic ring is evenly distributed in the borehole along the height direction. The magnetic probe of the overburden detector is movably arranged in the borehole. The guide is located at the bottom of the borehole, and the guide and the magnetic ring can guide the magnetic probe.

[0019] The overburden detection device further comprises an information processing system and a user interaction mechanism, and the overburden detector and the user interaction mechanism are both electrically connected to the information processing system.

[0020] A control method for a similar simulation test device for a self-forming lane without coal pillars and multiple-size working faces, comprising:

[0021] Step S1, using similar materials to fill and form a model body;

[0022] Step S2, opening a detection hole in the model body formed in step S1;

[0023] Step S3: detect the model body through the detection hole, and obtain experimental data for processing and storage.

[0024] In step S1, it also includes:

[0025] Conduct similar material ratio tests based on simulated stratum properties, mechanical parameters and similarity criteria to determine the similar material ratios of simulated coal seams and simulated rock formations;

[0026] Similar materials are spread, rolled and compacted in layers from bottom to top until a model body is formed.

[0027] The process of spreading, rolling and compacting similar materials from bottom to top in layers until a model body is formed by filling includes:

[0028] Reserve cuts when paving similar materials in layers.

[0029] Before step S2, the method further includes:

[0030] When the model body is dried, the working surface inside the model body is mined.

[0031] After mining the working face in the model body, it also includes;

[0032] After mining is completed, simulated ground stress loading is applied to the model body to accelerate the stabilization of the goaf area within the model body.

[0033] The coal pillar-free self-forming tunnel multi-size working face similarity simulation test device and control method provided by the present invention can adjust the size of the model body required to be formed in the simulation process by adjusting the length of the adjustable side wall or the setting position of the boundary side wall, thereby changing the width, length and coal seam thickness of the simulated working face. It can not only complete the simulation process that can be performed by the two-dimensional geomechanical model test device in the prior art, but also can use the size change to further realize the simulation of different geological conditions and the simulation of different working methods, especially the simulation of the 110 working method, which overcomes the problem that the existing test device can only simulate the mining situation of a single strip working face, and can better simulate the time and space migration of the overlying rock strata after the entire coal seam is completely mined, thereby effectively improving the test effect and test accuracy of the impact on coal mining. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a similarity simulation test device for a multi-size working face without coal pillars and self-forming lanes provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a model framework of a similarity simulation test device for a multi-size working face without coal pillars and self-forming lanes provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 Another structural schematic diagram of the model framework of the similarity simulation test device for the multi-size working face without coal pillars and self-forming lane provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 Another structural schematic diagram of the model framework of the similarity simulation test device for the multi-size working face without coal pillars and self-forming lane provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an overburden detection device for a similar simulation test device for a multi-size working face without coal pillars and self-forming lanes provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] In the figure:

[0040] 1. Base; 2. Adjustable side wall; 3. Boundary side wall; 21. Baffle; 41. Magnetic ring; 42. Guide; 43. Magnetic probe; 44. Buzzer; 45. Catheter; 46. Steel casing; 47. Depth gauge; 48. Coupling material layer; 5. Information processing system; 6. User interaction mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0042] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so as to describe the embodiments of the present invention described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0044] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] This application provides a Figures 1 to 5The similar simulation test device for the self-forming multi-size working face without coal pillars shown includes: a base 1; an adjustable side wall 2, which is detachably arranged on the base 1; a boundary side wall 3, which is arranged on the base 1, and the boundary side wall 3 is detachably connected to the adjustable side wall 2; the length of the adjustable side wall 2 is adjustable, and the position of the boundary side wall 3 on the base 1 can change with the length of the adjustable side wall 2, or the setting position of the boundary side wall 3 on the adjustable side wall 2 is adjustable. Among them, the base 1, the adjustable side wall 2 and the boundary side wall 3 together form a model frame, and similar materials can be spread in the model frame to form a model body for mining simulation. By adjusting the length of the adjustable side wall 2 or the setting position of the boundary side wall 3, the size of the model body required to be formed in the simulation process can be adjusted, and then the width, length and coal seam thickness of the simulated working face can be changed. It can not only complete the simulation process that can be performed by the two-dimensional geomechanical model test device in the prior art, but also can use the size change to further realize the simulation of different geological conditions, overcoming the problem that the existing test device can only simulate the mining situation of a single strip working face, and can better simulate the time and space migration of the overlying rock strata after the entire coal seam is completely mined, thereby effectively improving the test effect and test accuracy of the impact on coal mining.

[0047] Wherein, when choosing to adjust the length of the adjustable side wall 2 or the installation position of the boundary side wall 3, it is determined according to the geological conditions to be simulated, the width and length of the working face and the thickness of the coal seam.

[0048] The adjustable side wall 2 includes at least two baffles 21, all of which are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction, and the length of the baffles 21 is adjustable. When the adjustable side wall 2 is adjusted, the length of the model body can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the baffles 21, and the height of the model body can be adjusted by adjusting the number of baffles 21. In particular, during the paving process of the model body, the number of baffles 21 can be gradually increased to achieve layered paving of similar materials, which is convenient for filling the model body.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the baffle 21 is arranged on the front and rear sides of the model frame, and is composed of channel steels with customizable lengths connected by high-strength ribs. The size of the adjustable side wall 2 is adjusted by controlling the size and quantity of the channel steels, thereby achieving the size adjustment of the model frame and the size of the working surface.

[0050] As another embodiment, the adjustable side wall 2 includes a plate body, and at least two installation positions are arranged on the plate body along the length direction of the adjustable side wall 2. The boundary side wall 3 can be detachably connected to any one of the installation positions. By adjusting the installation position of the boundary side wall 3, the width of the model body can be adjusted. It can not only complete the simulation process that can be performed by the two-dimensional geomechanical model test device in the prior art, but also further realize the simulation of different geological conditions by utilizing the size change, thus overcoming the problem that the existing test device can only simulate the mining situation of a single strip working face, and can better simulate the space-time migration of the overlying rock strata after the entire coal seam is completely mined, thereby effectively improving the test effect and test accuracy of the impact on coal mining.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the baffle 21 is set on the left and right sides of the model frame. At this time, the setting position of the boundary side wall 3 on the base 1 can be adjusted, and the size of the baffle 21 of the adjustable side wall 2 can be adjusted at the same time, so as to adjust the size of the model frame and the size of the working surface.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, the baffle 21 is set on the front and rear sides of the model frame. At this time, the boundary side wall 3 is set at the edge of the base 1, but the setting position of the adjustable baffle 21 on the base 1 is adjusted to achieve the size adjustment of the model frame and the size of the working surface.

[0053] The adjustable side wall 2 and the boundary side wall 3 are detachably connected by bolts and / or angle steels. Bolt holes are set on the adjustable side wall 2 and / or the boundary side wall 3, and then fixed by high-strength bolts. Since the adjustable side wall 2 and the boundary side wall 3 are installed perpendicular to each other, angle steels are set at the connecting position of the adjustable side wall 2 and the boundary side wall 3 for rigid support, thereby improving the structural strength of the model frame, thereby ensuring the structural reliability of the similar simulation test device of multi-size working faces without coal pillars and self-forming lanes.

[0054] The similar simulation test device for the multi-size working face without coal pillars and self-forming lanes also includes a rock overburden detection device. The base 1, the adjustable side wall 2 and the boundary side wall 3 together form a model frame. The rock overburden detection device is arranged above the model frame, and the rock overburden detection device can detect the model body in the model frame. After the similar materials are layered and spread in the model frame to form a model body, the working face of the model body is mined. After the mining is completed, the rock overburden detection device can be used to detect the model body at this time, so as to obtain various data on the spatiotemporal evolution and migration of the overburden layer on the working face.

[0055] Specifically, the overburden detection device includes an overburden detector, which can be extended into the interior of the model body through a borehole on the model body. By extending the overburden detector into the borehole, images and data in the borehole can be collected, and various data such as displacement, surface deformation, internal cracks, etc. in the borehole can be collected, thereby achieving the purpose of the test.

[0056] The overburden detection device further includes a magnetic ring 41 and a guide 42, wherein the magnetic ring 41 is evenly distributed in the borehole along the height direction, and a magnetic probe 43 of the overburden detector is movably arranged in the borehole, and the guide 42 is located at the bottom of the borehole, and the guide 42 and the magnetic ring 41 can guide the magnetic probe 43. The overburden detector is controlled by the magnetic ring 41 and the guide 42 to ensure reliable operation of the overburden detector and reliable data collection.

[0057] The overburden detection device further includes a depth meter 47, which is used to measure the depth position of the overburden detector to further improve the data accuracy of the overburden detection device.

[0058] The overburden detection device also includes a buzzer 44, a catheter 45 and a steel casing 46. The buzzer 44 is arranged at the top of the model frame. When the magnetic probe 43 reaches one of the magnetic rings 41, the buzzer 44 can issue a prompt to facilitate the operator to record the depth of the magnetic probe, thereby reflecting the displacement change of the overburden. The catheter 45 is arranged in the borehole to facilitate the magnetic probe 43 to enter the interior of the model body. The steel casing 46 is arranged at the top of the borehole, which can prevent the model body from collapsing and falling materials from damaging the magnetic probe 43, magnetic ring 41 and other structures, thereby ensuring the reliability of the overburden detection device.

[0059] A coupling material layer 48 is also provided between the inner wall of the borehole and the conduit 45, and the conduit 45 is coupled with the material of the model body by the coupling material layer 48 to ensure the detection effect of the overburden detection device. The material of the coupling material layer 48 is concrete.

[0060] The overburden detection device also includes an information processing system 5 and a user interaction mechanism 6. The overburden detector and the user interaction mechanism 6 are both electrically connected to the information processing system 5. The data acquired by the overburden detector can be transmitted to the information processing system 5 for collection and processing. The user can control the overburden detector through the user interaction mechanism 6 and manually process and / or read the data of the overburden detector.

[0061] A control method for a similar simulation test device for a self-forming lane without coal pillars and multiple-size working faces, comprising:

[0062] Step S1, using similar materials to fill and form a model body;

[0063] Step S2, opening a detection hole in the model body formed in step S1;

[0064] Step S3: detect the model body through the detection hole, and obtain experimental data for processing and storage.

[0065] In step S1, it also includes:

[0066] Conduct similar material ratio tests based on simulated stratum properties, mechanical parameters and similarity criteria to determine the similar material ratios of simulated coal seams and simulated rock formations;

[0067] Similar materials are spread, rolled and compacted in layers from bottom to top until a model body is formed.

[0068] The process of spreading, rolling and compacting similar materials from bottom to top in layers until a model body is formed by filling includes:

[0069] In the process of layered paving of similar materials, cutting seams are reserved. Specifically, cutting seam plates can be embedded in the model frame to reserve cutting seams, and the cutting seam plates can be pulled out when the model body is mined to simulate top cutting blasting.

[0070] Before step S2, the method further includes:

[0071] When the model body is dried, the working surface inside the model body is mined.

[0072] After mining the working face in the model body, it also includes;

[0073] After mining is completed, simulated ground stress loading is applied to the model body to accelerate the stabilization of the goaf area within the model body.

[0074] After simulating the ground stress loading, the pressure can be stabilized and set for a time to further ensure the stability of the expansion of the goaf.

[0075] Among them, the simulated ground stress is calculated based on the similarity theory.

[0076] When the deadweight of the model body above the goaf is sufficient to simulate the ground stress, the deadweight of the model body can also be used to stabilize the expansion of the goaf.

[0077] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A similar simulation test device for multi-size working faces without coal pillars and self-forming lanes, characterized in that: include: Base (1); An adjustable side wall (2), wherein the adjustable side wall (2) is detachably arranged on the base (1); A boundary side wall (3), wherein the boundary side wall (3) is arranged on the base (1), and the boundary side wall (3) is detachably connected to the adjustable side wall (2); The length of the adjustable side wall (2) is adjustable, and the position of the boundary side wall (3) on the base (1) can change as the length of the adjustable side wall (2) changes; The setting position of the boundary side wall (3) on the adjustable side wall (2) is adjustable.

2. The similarity simulation test device for multi-size working faces without coal pillars and self-forming lanes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The adjustable side wall (2) comprises at least two baffles (21), all of the baffles (21) are arranged in parallel in a vertical direction, and the lengths of the baffles (21) are adjustable.

3. The similarity simulation test device for multi-size working faces without coal pillars and self-forming lanes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The adjustable side wall (2) comprises a plate body, and at least two installation positions are arranged on the plate body along the length direction of the adjustable side wall (2), and the boundary side wall (3) can be detachably connected to any one of the installation positions.

4. The similarity simulation test device for multi-size working faces without coal pillars and self-forming lanes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The adjustable side wall (2) and the boundary side wall (3) are detachably connected via bolts and / or angle steels.

5. The similarity simulation test device for multi-size working faces without coal pillars and self-forming lanes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The similar simulation test device for a multi-size working face without coal pillars and self-forming lanes also includes a rock overburden detection device. The base (1), the adjustable side wall (2) and the boundary side wall (3) together form a model frame. The rock overburden detection device is arranged above the model frame, and the rock overburden detection device can detect the model body in the model frame.

6. The similarity simulation test device for multi-size working faces without coal pillars and self-forming lanes according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The overburden detection device comprises an overburden detector, and the overburden detector can extend into the interior of the model body through a drill hole on the model body.

7. The similarity simulation test device for multi-size working faces without coal pillars and self-forming lanes according to claim 6 is characterized by: The overburden detection device also includes a magnetic ring (41) and a guide (42), wherein the magnetic ring (41) is evenly distributed in the borehole along the height direction, and the magnetic probe (43) of the overburden detector is movably arranged in the borehole, and the guide (42) is located at the bottom of the borehole, and the guide (42) and the magnetic ring (41) can guide the magnetic probe (43).

8. The similarity simulation test device for multi-size working faces without coal pillars and self-forming lanes according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The overburden detection device further comprises an information processing system (5) and a user interaction mechanism (6), and both the overburden detector and the user interaction mechanism (6) are electrically connected to the information processing system (5).

9. A control method for a similar simulation test device for a self-forming lane without coal pillars and multiple-size working faces, characterized in that: include: Step S1, using similar materials to fill and form a model body; Step S2, opening a detection hole in the model body formed in step S1; Step S3: detect the model body through the detection hole, and obtain experimental data for processing and storage.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S1, it also includes: Conduct similar material ratio tests based on simulated stratum properties, mechanical parameters and similarity criteria to determine the similar material ratios of simulated coal seams and simulated rock formations; Similar materials are spread, rolled and compacted in layers from bottom to top until a model body is formed.

11. The control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The process of spreading, rolling and compacting similar materials from bottom to top in layers until a model body is formed by filling includes: Reserve cuts when paving similar materials in layers.

12. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Before step S2, the method further includes: When the model body is dried, the working surface inside the model body is mined.

13. The control method according to claim 12, characterized in that: After mining the working face in the model body, it also includes; After mining is completed, simulated ground stress loading is applied to the model body to accelerate the stabilization of the goaf area within the model body.

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