A battery management system for drones

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of battery management systems, and in particular to a battery management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle, wherein the battery management system comprises: an intelligent battery management module, a power switch module and an isolated power supply module; wherein the intelligent battery management module is electrically connected to the power switch module and the isolated power supply module respectively; wherein the intelligent battery management module comprises a buck converter, a low voltage difference linear regulator, a voltage measurement unit, a temperature measurement unit, a current measurement unit, a power management unit, a logic control unit, a MOSFET drive unit, a communication interface unit and a load detection unit; the present invention adopts an extremely simplified and highly integrated solution with a highly integrated, high-performance and high-precision intelligent battery management SOC as the core, thereby reducing the number of components, reducing the complexity of the solution and improving the reliability of the solution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery management systems, and in particular to a battery management system for unmanned aerial vehicles. Background Art

[0002] BMS (Battery Management System) is an electronic device used to manage and monitor the status of rechargeable batteries (such as drone batteries). Its main functions include monitoring the voltage, current, temperature and other parameters of drone batteries, calculating the battery's state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH), protecting the battery from dangerous conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging and overheating, and optimizing the use of the battery to extend its life.

[0003] The existing UAV battery management system (BMS) generally includes an acquisition unit (AFE), a control unit (MCU), a power supply unit (DC / DC) and a communication unit (CAN). By real-time monitoring of key parameters such as the voltage, current, and temperature of the battery pack, the battery status is evaluated to ensure the safe, stable and efficient operation of the battery pack. For example, the Chinese invention patent (CN112290631A) discloses an intelligent battery management system dedicated to UAVs, including batteries, temperature sensors, data acquisition modules, registers, clock units, processors, wireless communication modules, and host computers. The data acquisition module is connected to the battery in communication, the register is connected to the data acquisition module in communication, and the temperature sensor is connected to the data acquisition module in communication; the processor is connected to the register in communication, and the processor is connected to the clock unit in communication. The intelligent battery management system dedicated to UAVs is that the processor sends commands to the relevant registers of the data acquisition module and the clock unit at regular intervals to obtain battery data, and transmits the data to the host computer through the wireless communication module. The host computer processes the data and displays various battery data, which is convenient for monitoring the battery of the UAV, and can timely predict the battery problems in advance to avoid the crash of the UAV caused by battery problems.

[0004] The existing drone battery management system (BMS) has complex solutions and many components, which leads to high weight and cost of the board, many risk points and high maintenance costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a battery management system for drones, which is used to meet the requirements of drone scenarios for lightweight and high-integration battery management systems. It adopts a highly simplified and highly integrated solution with a highly integrated, high-performance and high-precision intelligent battery management SOC as the core, reduces the number of components, reduces the complexity of the solution, and improves the reliability of the solution.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a battery management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle is provided, the system comprising: an intelligent battery management module, a power switch module and an isolated power supply module; wherein the intelligent battery management module is electrically connected to the power switch module and the isolated power supply module respectively; wherein the intelligent battery management module comprises a buck converter, a low voltage difference linear regulator, a voltage measurement unit, a temperature measurement unit, a current measurement unit, a power management unit, a logic control unit, a MOSFET drive unit, a communication interface unit, and a load detection unit.

[0007] Preferably, the step-down converter realizes voltage conversion by controlling the on and off of the switch tube. When the switch tube is on, the input voltage supplies power to the load through the inductor, and the inductor stores energy at the same time; when the switch tube is off, the inductor continues to supply power to the load through the freewheeling diode, and releases the stored energy at the same time; the output voltage is controlled by adjusting the duty cycle of the switch tube.

[0008] Preferably, a low-dropout linear regulator is used to maintain a stable output voltage when the input voltage changes and the load changes. The low-dropout linear regulator stabilizes the output voltage at a set fixed value through an internal error amplifier and an adjustment element. Its working principle is to adjust the output voltage through a feedback mechanism to ensure that the output voltage remains stable when the load changes.

[0009] Preferably, the voltage measuring unit is used to detect the battery voltage of the drone; the temperature measuring unit is used to detect the battery temperature of the drone; and the current measuring unit is used to detect the battery current of the drone.

[0010] Preferably, the power management unit is used to regulate and manage the power output of the battery of the drone to achieve power conversion, power management and protection functions.

[0011] Preferably, the power supply is converted to provide power supplies of different voltages to meet the power demand of the drone, the power management is to optimize the drone battery power consumption through different power consumption modes and dynamic clocks, and the protection function is to provide overvoltage, undervoltage and overtemperature protection to ensure the stable operation of the drone battery.

[0012] Preferably, the logic control unit is used to monitor and manage the charging and discharging process of the drone battery, ensure the safe operation of the battery, prevent overcharging or over-discharging, and achieve balanced control of the battery.

[0013] Preferably, the logic control unit monitors and manages the battery status in real time based on the collected voltage, current and temperature parameters of the battery.

[0014] Preferably, the MOSFET driving unit is used to control and drive the MOSFET, and the function of the MOSFET driving unit is to provide voltage and current to control the switching state of the MOSFET, thereby achieving effective control of the load.

[0015] Preferably, the communication interface unit is used to realize data transmission and communication functions; specifically, the communication interface unit includes a GPIO interface, an I2C interface, a CAN interface, and a USART interface.

[0016] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The intelligent battery management SOC chip of the present invention integrates a high-precision signal acquisition converter, a full-function protection state machine, and a high-voltage low-power power conversion module. It does not require the cooperation of external MCU and DC / DC devices, and can independently monitor and protect lithium battery packs to achieve functions such as intelligent protection, accurate power estimation, and external communication. At the same time, it adopts an extremely simplified and highly integrated solution with a highly integrated, high-performance, and high-precision intelligent battery management SOC as the core, which reduces the number of components, reduces the complexity of the solution, and improves the reliability of the solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the description of the present invention or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a battery management system for a drone provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A chip sample diagram of a battery management system for a drone provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Attached Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a battery management system for a drone is shown in the attached Figure 1As shown, a battery management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle comprises: an intelligent battery management module, a power switch module and an isolated power supply module; wherein the intelligent battery management module is electrically connected to the power switch module and the isolated power supply module respectively; wherein the intelligent battery management module comprises a buck converter (Buck DC / DC), a low-dropout linear regulator (LDO), a voltage measurement unit, a temperature measurement unit, a current measurement unit, a power management unit, a logic control unit, a MOSFET drive unit, a communication interface unit, and a load detection unit;

[0023] The buck converter achieves voltage conversion by controlling the on and off of the switch tube. When the switch tube is on, the input voltage supplies power to the load through the inductor, and the inductor stores energy at the same time; when the switch tube is off, the inductor continues to supply power to the load through the freewheeling diode, and releases the stored energy at the same time; the output voltage is controlled by adjusting the duty cycle of the switch tube;

[0024] The low-dropout linear regulator is used to maintain a stable output voltage when the input voltage and load change. The low-dropout linear regulator stabilizes the output voltage at a set fixed value through an internal error amplifier and an adjustment element (usually a PMOS tube or a transistor). Its working principle is to adjust the output voltage through a feedback mechanism to ensure that the output voltage remains stable when the load changes;

[0025] The voltage measurement unit is used to detect the battery voltage of the drone; the temperature measurement unit is used to detect the battery temperature of the drone; the current measurement unit is used to detect the battery current of the drone;

[0026] The power management unit is used to regulate and manage the power output of the battery of the drone; specifically, the power management unit is used to realize power conversion, power management and protection functions, wherein the power conversion is to provide power supply of different voltages to meet the power demand of the drone, the power management is to optimize the power consumption of the drone battery through different power consumption modes and dynamic clocks, and the protection function is to provide overvoltage, undervoltage and overtemperature protection to ensure the stable operation of the drone battery;

[0027] The logic control unit is used to monitor and manage the charging and discharging process of the drone battery, ensure the safe operation of the battery, prevent overcharging or overdischarging, and realize the balanced control of the battery. In addition, the logic control unit monitors and manages the battery status in real time based on the collected battery voltage, current, temperature and other parameters, so as to optimize the battery usage efficiency and extend the battery life;

[0028] The MOSFET driving unit is used to control and drive MOSFET (metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor). The function of the MOSFET driving unit is to provide voltage and current to control the switching state of the MOSFET, thereby achieving effective control of the load; the core principle of the MOSFET driving unit is to turn on or off the MOSFET by controlling the gate voltage. The MOSFET is a voltage-controlled device, and its gate and source are isolated by a layer of oxide layer. Therefore, when a voltage is applied to the gate, no current is formed. Only when the gate voltage reaches a certain threshold value will the MOSFET be turned on. The role of the driving unit is to provide this threshold voltage and ensure the rapid charging and discharging of the gate charge during the switching process to reduce switching losses and improve efficiency;

[0029] The communication interface unit is used to realize data transmission and communication functions; specifically, the communication interface unit includes a GPIO interface, an I2C interface CAN and a USART interface;

[0030] Among them, the GPIO interface is a general input and output port used for data exchange between the microcontroller and external devices. The GPIO interface can control its output and input through software to achieve communication and control with external devices; the I2C interface is a bidirectional, two-wire serial communication interface, mainly used to connect the microcontroller and other peripheral devices, such as sensors, memory and display, etc. 1. The I2C interface consists of two lines: SCL (clock line) and SDA (data line), through which bidirectional data transmission is achieved; the CAN interface is a multi-host serial bus standard, mainly used to connect microcontrollers and devices to achieve data communication between each other. The CAN interface has the following features: Synchronous communication: CAN uses synchronous communication to synchronize data transmission through clock signals to ensure data accuracy and reliability, Half-duplex mode: The CAN interface supports half-duplex mode at the physical layer, that is, data can be transmitted in two directions, but not at the same time, Error detection and correction: The CAN protocol has powerful error detection and correction functions, which can detect bit errors, fill errors, CRC check errors, etc., and take corresponding error handling measures; The USART is a full-duplex universal synchronous / asynchronous serial transceiver module with highly flexible serial communication functions. It is widely used in embedded systems, single-chip microcomputers and communication equipment to realize data exchange between devices;

[0031] The load detection unit is used to detect whether the drone battery is charged.

[0032] Attached Figure 2The chip sample diagram of the battery management system of the drone of this embodiment is shown. By adopting the above-mentioned intelligent battery management SOC chip, a high-precision signal acquisition converter, a full-function protection state machine, and a high-voltage low-power power conversion module are integrated internally. Without the cooperation of external MCU and DC / DC devices, it can independently monitor and protect the lithium battery pack, realize intelligent protection, accurate power estimation and external communication and other functions. At the same time, a highly simplified and highly integrated solution with a highly integrated, high-performance and high-precision intelligent battery management SOC as the core is adopted to reduce the number of components, reduce the complexity of the solution and improve the reliability of the solution.

[0033] Embodiment 2: This embodiment includes a battery management method for a drone, wherein the method adopts a battery management system for a drone in Embodiment 1 to manage the battery of the drone.

[0034] Embodiment 3, this embodiment includes a computer-readable storage medium, on which a data processing program is stored, and the data processing program is executed by a processor. Embodiment 2 is a battery management method for a drone.

[0035] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the embodiments herein may be provided as methods, devices (equipment), or computer program products. Therefore, this article may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Including but not limited to RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassette, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and can be accessed by a computer, etc. In addition, it is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art that communication media generally contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery medium.

[0036] This document is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatuses (devices) and computer program products according to the embodiments of this document. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0037] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0038] The embodiments and / or implementation methods described above are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods of the technology of the present invention, and are not intended to impose any formal restrictions on the implementation methods of the technology of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make some changes or modifications to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present invention, but they should still be regarded as the technology or embodiments that are essentially the same as the present invention. Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described here, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention is described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may also include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that: The system includes: an intelligent battery management module, a power switch module and an isolated power supply module; wherein the intelligent battery management module is electrically connected to the power switch module and the isolated power supply module respectively; wherein the intelligent battery management module includes a buck converter, a low voltage drop linear regulator, a voltage measurement unit, a temperature measurement unit, a current measurement unit, a power management unit, a logic control unit, a MOSFET drive unit, a communication interface unit, and a load detection unit.

2. A battery management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step-down converter realizes voltage conversion by controlling the on and off of the switch tube. When the switch tube is on, the input voltage supplies power to the load through the inductor, and the inductor stores energy at the same time; when the switch tube is off, the inductor continues to supply power to the load through the freewheeling diode and releases the stored energy at the same time; the output voltage is controlled by adjusting the duty cycle of the switch tube.

3. A battery management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A low-dropout linear regulator is used to maintain a stable output voltage when the input voltage and load change. The low-dropout linear regulator stabilizes the output voltage at a set fixed value through an internal error amplifier and adjustment element. Its working principle is to adjust the output voltage through a feedback mechanism to ensure that the output voltage remains stable when the load changes.

4. A battery management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage measurement unit is used to detect the battery voltage of the drone; the temperature measurement unit is used to detect the battery temperature of the drone; and the current measurement unit is used to detect the battery current of the drone.

5. A battery management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management unit is used to adjust and manage the power output of the battery of the drone to achieve power conversion, power management and protection functions.

6. A battery management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power supply is converted to provide power supplies of different voltages to meet the power demand of the drone. The power management is to optimize the drone battery power consumption through different power consumption modes and dynamic clocks. The protection function is to provide overvoltage, undervoltage, and overtemperature protection to ensure stable operation of the drone battery.

7. A battery management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The logic control unit is used to monitor and manage the charging and discharging process of the battery, ensure the safe operation of the battery, prevent overcharging or overdischarging, and realize balanced control of the battery.

8. A battery management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The logic control unit monitors and manages the battery status in real time based on the collected voltage, current and temperature parameters of the battery.

9. A battery management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MOSFET driving unit is used to control and drive the MOSFET. The function of the MOSFET driving unit is to provide voltage and current to control the switching state of the MOSFET, thereby achieving effective control of the load.

10. A battery management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The communication interface unit is used to realize data transmission and communication functions; specifically, the communication interface unit includes a GPIO interface, an I2C interface CAN and a USART interface.

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