Axial composite flux switching motor

Abstract

The present invention proposes an axial composite flux switching motor, comprising an excitation stator, two armature stators and two rotors, wherein the two armature stators are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the excitation stator, and the two rotors are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the two armature stators, an air gap is left between the rotor and the armature stator, and the rotor is fixedly connected to the motor shaft; the excitation stator comprises an excitation stator core, and second core teeth are respectively arranged on both sides of the excitation stator core, and an excitation stator winding is arranged outside the second core teeth, and a direct current with opposite directions is passed between adjacent excitation stator windings on the same side; the armature stator comprises an armature stator core, and a first core tooth is arranged on the side of the armature stator core away from the excitation stator, and an armature stator permanent magnet is installed on the first core tooth, and the adjacent armature stator permanent magnets have opposite axial magnetization directions, and an armature stator winding is arranged outside the first core tooth. The present invention can improve the power density and efficiency of the motor, and can meet the needs of a wide range of speed regulation loads of the motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of axial motors, and in particular to an axial composite flux switching motor. Background Art

[0002] Motors are widely used in various fields of national production. With the popularization of hybrid drive, small size, light weight, high efficiency and wide speed range are the research hotspots of hybrid drive system design and manufacturing with motor as the core. In this case, the traditional conventional radial structure motor cannot adapt to the occasions with limited space. The axial structure motor has a series of advantages such as short axial size, compact structure and high material utilization. Compared with the traditional radial motor, it can meet most of the requirements for motor performance in the current hybrid drive field.

[0003] Existing axial motors include axial induction motors, axial flux switching motors, axial permanent magnet motors and other structural forms. In order to further improve the efficiency and power factor of axial motors, hybrid excitation methods such as permanent magnet excitation and AC excitation have been added to the excitation structure of axial motors, which has improved the efficiency and torque density of the motors to a certain extent. However, the existing axial motors still cannot meet the requirements of frequent load changes in terms of magnetic field regulation. In situations where a wide motor speed regulation range and a high motor power density are required, the performance of axial motors needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] To solve the problem in the background technology, an axial composite flux switching motor includes an excitation stator, two armature stators and two rotors, the two armature stators are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the excitation stator, the two rotors are symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the two armature stators, an air gap is left between the rotors and the armature stators, the excitation stator, the armature stator and the rotor are coaxially arranged, and the rotor is fixedly connected to the motor shaft; The excitation stator comprises an excitation stator core, and a plurality of second core teeth are respectively arranged on both sides of the excitation stator core and distributed along the circumference of the excitation stator core. An excitation stator winding is wound around the outer side of each of the second core teeth. When working, direct currents of opposite directions are passed between adjacent excitation stator windings on the same side. The armature stator comprises an armature stator core, and a plurality of first core teeth are arranged along the circumference of the armature stator core on a side of the armature stator core away from the excitation stator, and an armature stator permanent magnet is mounted on each of the first core teeth, and the axial magnetization directions of adjacent armature stator permanent magnets are opposite, and an armature stator winding is arranged on the outer side of each first core tooth. Preferably, the armature stator is a disc-shaped magnetic conductive structure, and the armature stator winding is a three-phase concentrated winding.

[0005] Preferably, the rotor comprises a fixing ring and a plurality of salient pole teeth, and the plurality of salient pole teeth are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the fixing ring and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixing ring.

[0006] Preferably, the number of the armature stator permanent magnets is 12n, the number of the rotor salient pole teeth is 12n±k, and n and k are integers.

[0007] Preferably, the adjacent armature stators and rotors are arranged opposite to each other.

[0008] Preferably, a working method of an axial composite flux switching motor comprises the following steps: when alternating current is passed through two armature stator windings, a changing axial magnetic field is generated in the motor, and the armature stator permanent magnets in the first core teeth of the two armature stators also participate in the action of the axial magnetic field to form a superimposed magnetic field. At this time, the two rotors run in the same direction under the action of the superimposed magnetic field, and the electromagnetic torque generated by the two rotors drives the motor shaft to rotate with load; When the load is in a constantly changing process, weak magnetic speed control is performed by adjusting the magnitude or direction of the DC current in the excitation stator winding, thereby further expanding the speed regulation range while meeting the variable load requirements.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The armature stator winding of the present invention adopts a concentrated armature winding, an armature stator permanent magnet is installed on the armature stator teeth, an excitation stator winding with direct current is added to the excitation stator core, the armature stator permanent magnet and the excitation stator winding participate in the excitation of the air gap magnetic field, thereby improving the power density and efficiency of the motor.

[0010] 2. The rotor of the present invention is a salient pole structure that is neither equipped with a rotor winding nor a permanent magnet. By changing the direction of the DC current in the excitation stator winding, the air gap synthetic magnetic field of the motor can be increased or reduced to meet the requirements of variable load drive, so that the motor structure is compact and the magnetic field adjustment is flexible, which is suitable for high-speed operation and variable load operation applications; 3. The present invention adds permanent magnets to the armature stator without occupying the space of the armature stator winding, which can increase the air gap magnetic density of the motor, that is, increase the magnetic flux density in the air gap. Since the torque is proportional to the magnetic flux, when the air gap magnetic density increases, the output torque of the motor can also be increased accordingly, and meet the needs of a wider range of speed regulation loads. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the armature stator structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the excitation stator structure of the present invention.

[0012] Numbers in the figure: 1. armature stator; 2. excitation stator; 3. rotor; 4. armature stator core; 5. armature stator winding; 6. armature stator permanent magnet; 7. N-pole permanent magnet; 8. S-pole permanent magnet; 9. excitation stator winding; 10. salient pole teeth; 11. fixing ring; 12. excitation stator core; 13. first core tooth; 14. second core tooth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] In order to make the present invention clearer and more understandable, the technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the given embodiment is only one of the implementation methods and does not represent all embodiments.

[0014] In this article, the terms "inside" and "outside" are established based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings. Depending on the different drawings, the corresponding positional relationship may also change accordingly. Therefore, they cannot be understood as an absolute limitation on the scope of protection.

[0015] Combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 , an axial composite flux switching motor, comprising an excitation stator 2, two armature stators 1 and two rotors 3, the two armature stators 1 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the excitation stator 2, and the two rotors 3 are symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the two armature stators 1, that is, the two armature stators 1 are symmetrical with respect to the excitation stator 2, and the two rotors 3 are also symmetrical with respect to the excitation stator 2, an air gap is left between the rotor 3 and the armature stator 1, the excitation stator 2, the armature stator 1 and the rotor 3 are coaxially arranged, the rotor 3 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft, and the excitation stator 2 and the armature stator 1 are fixed relative to the rotor 3; The excitation stator 2 includes an excitation stator core 12, and a plurality of second core teeth 14 are respectively arranged on both sides of the excitation stator core 12 and distributed along the circumference of the excitation stator core 12. An excitation stator winding 9 is wound around the outer side of each of the second core teeth 14. When working, direct currents in opposite directions are passed between adjacent excitation stator windings 9 on the same side. The armature stator 1 comprises an armature stator core 4, and a plurality of first core teeth 13 are arranged along the circumference of the armature stator core 4 on the side of the armature stator core 4 away from the excitation stator 2, and an armature stator permanent magnet 6 is mounted on each of the first core teeth 13, and the adjacent armature stator permanent magnets 6 have opposite axial magnetization directions. Specifically, the armature stator permanent magnet 6 comprises a plurality of N-pole permanent magnets 7 and a plurality of S-pole permanent magnets 8, and the plurality of N-pole permanent magnets 7 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first core teeth 13, and an S-pole permanent magnet 8 is arranged between two adjacent N-pole permanent magnets 7; an armature stator winding 5 is arranged on the outer side of each first core tooth 13, and the armature stator winding 5 is installed across the first core tooth 13; the adjacent armature stators 1 and rotors 3 are arranged opposite to each other. The armature stator 1 is a disc-shaped magnetic conductive structure, and the armature stator winding 5 is a three-phase concentrated winding.

[0016] Specifically, the rotor 3 includes a fixing ring 11 and a plurality of salient pole teeth 10 . The plurality of salient pole teeth 10 are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the fixing ring 11 and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixing ring 11 .

[0017] Specifically, the number of the armature stator permanent magnets 6 is 12n, and the number of the rotor salient pole teeth 10 is 12n±k, where n and k are integers. The above quantity relationship between the armature stator permanent magnets 6 and the rotor salient pole teeth 10 can meet the stable operation conditions of the flux switching motor.

[0018] A working method of an axial composite flux switching motor comprises the following steps: when alternating current is passed through two armature stator windings 5, a changing axial magnetic field is generated in the motor, and the armature stator permanent magnets 6 in the first iron core teeth 13 of the two armature stators 1 also participate in the action of the axial magnetic field to form a superimposed magnetic field. At this time, the two rotors run in the same direction under the action of the superimposed magnetic field, and the electromagnetic torque generated by the two rotors drives the motor shaft to rotate with load; When the load is in a constantly changing process, weak magnetic field speed control is performed by adjusting the magnitude or direction of the DC current in the excitation stator winding 9, thereby further expanding the speed regulation range while meeting the variable load requirements.

[0019] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An axial composite flux switching motor, characterized in that: The motor comprises an excitation stator (2), two armature stators (1) and two rotors (3), wherein the two armature stators (1) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the excitation stator (2), and the two rotors (3) are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the two armature stators (1), an air gap is left between the rotors (3) and the armature stators (1), the excitation stator (2), the armature stator (1) and the rotors (3) are coaxially arranged, and the rotors (3) are fixedly connected to the motor shaft; The excitation stator (2) comprises an excitation stator core (12), and a plurality of second core teeth (14) are respectively provided on both sides of the excitation stator core (12) and are distributed along the circumference of the excitation stator core (12). An excitation stator winding (9) is wound around the outer side of each of the second core teeth (14). When in operation, direct currents of opposite directions are passed between adjacent excitation stator windings (9) located on the same side. The armature stator (1) comprises an armature stator core (4); a plurality of first core teeth (13) are provided along the circumference of the armature stator core (4) on a side of the armature stator core (4) away from the excitation stator (2); an armature stator permanent magnet (6) is mounted on each of the first core teeth (13); adjacent armature stator permanent magnets (6) have opposite axial magnetization directions; and an armature stator winding (5) is provided on the outside of each first core tooth (13).

2. The axial composite flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The armature stator (1) is a disc-shaped magnetic conductive structure, and the armature stator winding (5) is a three-phase concentrated winding.

3. The axial composite flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor (3) comprises a fixing ring (11) and a plurality of salient pole teeth (10), wherein the plurality of salient pole teeth (10) are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the fixing ring (11) and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixing ring (11).

4. The axial composite flux switching motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the armature stator permanent magnets (6) is 12n, and the number of the rotor salient pole teeth (10) is 12n±k, where n and k are integers.

5. The axial composite flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjacent armature stators (1) and rotors (3) are arranged opposite to each other.

6. The operating method of an axial composite flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When alternating current is passed through the two armature stator windings (5), a changing axial magnetic field is generated in the motor, and the armature stator permanent magnets (6) in the first core teeth (13) of the two armature stators (1) also participate in the action of the axial magnetic field to form a superimposed magnetic field. At this time, the two rotors (3) run in the same direction under the action of the superimposed magnetic field, and the electromagnetic torque generated by the two rotors (3) drives the motor shaft to rotate with load; When the load is in a constantly changing process, weak magnetic field speed control is performed by adjusting the magnitude or direction of the DC current in the excitation stator winding (9), thereby further expanding the speed regulation range while meeting the variable load requirements.

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