Underground while-drilling active refrigeration thermoelectric power generation device and underground power generation system

Abstract

The invention provides an underground while-drilling active refrigeration thermoelectric power generation device and an underground power generation system, and relates to the field of energy. The underground while-drilling active refrigeration thermoelectric power generation device comprises a power transmission module, a refrigeration module, a thermal management module, a while-drilling instrument electric control module and a power generation module, the power transmission module is magnetically coupled with the refrigeration module and is used for driving the refrigeration module to generate cooling capacity by taking underground fluid as a dynamic energy source; the heat management module transmits cold energy to the power generation module; the power generation module comprises at least one temperature difference power generation piece which is connected with the while-drilling instrument electric control module in series and used for generating power through the temperature difference and supplying power to the while-drilling instrument electric control module and a while-drilling instrument carried by the while-drilling instrument electric control module. According to the invention, stable power generation in an underground environment in a thermoelectric power generation mode can be realized, and stable electric energy is provided for the while-drilling instrument.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy, and in particular to an underground active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling and an underground power generation system. Background Art

[0002] During the drilling operation, it is necessary to provide power for the drilling instruments through downhole power generation technology. At present, the commonly used downhole power generation means include turbine generators, lithium battery pack short sections, downhole cables, etc. Their operating principles are relatively complete and are widely used in field operations. However, taking the average formation gradient of 3℃ / 100m as the standard, when the downhole ambient temperature reaches 175℃, that is, the drilling depth is about 6000m, the above-mentioned and other commonly used downhole active cooling temperature difference power generation devices will be affected by the high temperature environment of the downhole. The power supply is unstable, irregular failures, or even fault damage, which will cause the drilling instruments to lose power and stop working, making it impossible to obtain the required key downhole parameters during the drilling operation, thereby limiting the drilling depth, increasing the accident rate, and greatly affecting the construction progress and cost.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new downhole power generation technology that can overcome the influence of the high temperature environment underground and provide stable power supply for drilling instruments. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide an underground active cooling thermoelectric power generation device and an underground power generation system for achieving stable power generation in an underground environment using a thermoelectric power generation method, thereby providing stable electrical energy for the drilling instrument.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a downhole active refrigeration temperature difference power generation device while drilling, comprising: a power transmission module, a refrigeration module, a thermal management module, a drilling instrument electronic control module and a power generation module;

[0006] The power transmission module is magnetically coupled to the refrigeration module to generate cold energy by using the downhole fluid as kinetic energy;

[0007] The thermal management module transfers cold energy to the power generation module;

[0008] The power generation module includes at least one temperature difference power generation sheet, which is connected in series with the drilling instrument electronic control module to generate electricity using temperature difference and to supply power to the drilling instrument electronic control module and the drilling instrument carried by the drilling instrument electronic control module.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the power transmission module includes: a turbine stator and a turbine rotor;

[0010] The turbine rotor has a built-in magnetic coupling device; the turbine stator is used to guide the inflowing liquid so that the liquid impacts the turbine rotor, drives the turbine rotor and the magnetic coupling device to rotate, and causes the magnetic coupling device to generate an alternating magnetic field.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the power transmission module includes: a turbine stator, a turbine rotor, a turbine transmission shaft, a first gear, a second gear, and a magnetic coupling;

[0012] The first gear is mounted on the turbine transmission shaft; the first gear and the second gear are meshed with each other; the second gear is rigidly connected to the magnetic coupling;

[0013] The turbine stator and turbine rotor in the turbine module are used to convert the kinetic energy of the incoming liquid into mechanical energy, drive the turbine transmission shaft and the first gear to rotate, and the second gear and the magnetic coupler rotate under the drive of the first gear, so that the magnetic coupler generates an alternating magnetic field. In a possible implementation, the refrigeration module includes: a downhole drilling refrigerator and a cold head;

[0014] The downhole chiller while drilling is magnetically coupled with the power transmission module, and generates cold energy under the drive of the power transmission module, and the generated cold energy is transmitted by the cold head.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the downhole chiller uses a closed pneumatic refrigeration unit for regenerative refrigeration, which is composed of a magnetically driven compressor and an expander. In the chamber at the cold head, the expansion effect is greater than the compression effect, absorbing heat to form a low-temperature zone for refrigeration.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the thermal management module includes: a thermally conductive cable and a conductive column;

[0017] The cold surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is close to the heat conduction cable to obtain cold energy, and the hot surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is in contact with the heat source through the guide column to obtain heat.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the thermal conductive wire is made of copper and multi-layer graphene.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the guide post is made of copper material;

[0020] And / or, the top end of the guide pillar is an arc surface, which is in close contact with the surface of the heat source.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the power generation module further includes a transformer chip for converting the electricity generated by the thermoelectric power generation chip into a voltage that can be used by the drilling equipment.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the thermal management module transfers cold energy to the electronic control module of the drilling equipment; the thermal management module includes: a heat conducting cable and a guide column;

[0023] The heat conducting cable is close to the electronic control module of the drilling instrument to transfer cold energy to the electronic control module of the drilling instrument;

[0024] The cold surface of the thermoelectric generator is close to the electronic control module of the drilling instrument to obtain cold energy, and the hot surface of the thermoelectric generator is in contact with the heat source through the guide column to obtain heat.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the refrigeration module, the thermal management module, the drilling instrument electronic control module and the power generation module are all placed in a sealed pressure-bearing housing. In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a downhole power generation system, comprising: a drill collar and a downhole active refrigeration and temperature difference power generation device as in the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0026] The downhole active refrigeration thermoelectric power generation device and downhole power generation system provided in the embodiments of the present application drive the refrigeration module to generate cold energy by using the downhole fluid as the kinetic energy through the power transmission module, and transfer the cold energy generated by the refrigeration module to the downhole instrument electronic control module to cool the downhole instrument electronic control module. The downhole downhole instrument electronic control module serves as the cold source of the power generation module, and the power generation module uses the thermoelectric power generation sheet to power the downhole downhole electronic control module, thereby achieving the effect of using the thermoelectric power generation method to generate stable power in the downhole environment and provide stable electric energy for the downhole instrument. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device provided in this application Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first gear and the second gear in the downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device provided by the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device provided in this application Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device provided in this application Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device provided by this application at AA;

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device provided in this application Figure 4 ;

[0034] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the structure of the underground power generation system provided for this application Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device provided in this application Figure 5 ;

[0036] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the underground power generation system provided for this application Figure 2 ;

[0037] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the underground power generation system provided for this application Figure 3 .

[0038] Description of reference numerals:

[0039] 1. Power transmission module;

[0040] 11. Turbine stator;

[0041] 12. Turbine rotor;

[0042] 13. Turbine drive shaft;

[0043] 14. First gear;

[0044] 15. Second gear;

[0045] 16. Magnetic coupler;

[0046] 2. Refrigeration module;

[0047] 21. Drilling refrigeration machine;

[0048] 22. Cold head;

[0049] 3. Thermal management module;

[0050] 31. Thermal Conductor;

[0051] 32. Guide pillar;

[0052] 4. Electronic control module of drilling instrument;

[0053] 41. Drilling equipment;

[0054] 42. Wire;

[0055] 5. Power generation module;

[0056] 51. Thermoelectric power generation sheet;

[0057] 52. Transformer chip;

[0058] 6. Pressure shell;

[0059] 7. Positioning ring;

[0060] 8. Drill collar;

[0061] 81. Cabin;

[0062] 82. Hatch cover.

[0063] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the specific technical solution of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application, but are not used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0065] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0066] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0067] Due to the complex formation conditions in deep and ultra-deep drilling operations, harsh environmental factors such as high temperature have greatly affected the implementation of commonly used downhole power generation technologies. For example, turbine generators and lithium battery short sections generally malfunction at temperatures above 175°C, causing the drilling instruments to lose power and stop working, making it impossible to obtain the required key downhole parameters during drilling operations, thereby limiting the drilling depth and seriously affecting the progress of exploration, development and utilization of natural resources such as deep oil and gas reservoirs.

[0068] After decades of development, the downhole power generation technology for downhole drilling instruments is close to maturity. At present, the commonly used means include turbine generators, lithium battery pack pup joints, downhole cables, etc. Their operating principles are relatively complete and are widely used in field operations. However, taking the average formation gradient of 3℃ / 100m as the standard, when the downhole ambient temperature reaches 175℃, that is, the drilling depth is about 6000m, the above-mentioned and other commonly used downhole active cooling temperature difference power generation devices will be affected by the high temperature environment in the well, and the power supply will be unstable, irregular failure or even fault damage, which will cause the circuit of the downhole instrument to be powered off and stop working, resulting in reduced drilling operation accuracy, thereby increasing the accident rate and greatly affecting the construction progress and cost. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new downhole power generation technology that can overcome the influence of the high temperature environment in the well.

[0069] Thermoelectric semiconductor power generation is a new type of power generation method, which uses the Seebeck effect to directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy. The Seebeck effect, also known as the first thermoelectric effect, refers to the thermoelectric phenomenon of a voltage difference between two substances caused by the temperature difference between two different electrical conductors or semiconductors. The direction of thermoelectric potential is generally stipulated as follows: electrons flow from negative to positive at the hot end. Thermoelectric power generation sheets are integrated from the above-mentioned thermoelectric semiconductors and can withstand high temperatures above 175°C. They can overcome the problems of frequent failures and subsequent maintenance of traditional power generation methods in high temperature and high pressure environments, and solve the actual situation that it is impossible to power the circuits of downhole instruments in deep and ultra-deep drilling operations.

[0070] This application uses a thermoelectric generator as the core device of the power generation module, and sets a power transmission mechanism to use the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid to drive the refrigeration module to provide cooling for the drilling instrument and the cold surface of the thermoelectric generator, so that a large temperature difference is formed between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric generator, thereby generating stable direct current for the drilling instrument. The application scenarios associated with the invention include the field of drilling tools for oil and natural gas exploration and development, and potential application scenarios include the field of underground power generation in coal mines, etc.

[0071] The present application provides an active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling underground, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The downhole active refrigeration temperature difference power generation device while drilling includes: a power transmission module 1, a refrigeration module 2, a thermal management module 3, a drilling instrument electronic control module 4 and a power generation module 5.

[0072] Among them, the power transmission module 1 is magnetically coupled with the refrigeration module 2, and is used to drive the refrigeration module 2 to generate cold energy with the downhole fluid as the kinetic energy. The refrigeration module 2 is used for refrigeration to provide cold energy for the power generation module 5 and the drilling instrument module 4. The thermal management module 3 transfers cold energy to the power generation module 5. The power generation module 5 includes at least one temperature difference power generation sheet 51, which is connected in series with the drilling instrument electronic control module 4, and is used to generate electricity using the temperature difference, and to power the drilling instrument electronic control module 4 and the drilling instrument 41 carried by the drilling instrument electronic control module 4.

[0073] In one embodiment, the power transmission module 1 uses the downhole fluid as kinetic energy to drive the refrigeration module 2 to cool, so that the active cooling and power generation device while drilling is in a relatively low temperature environment, providing cooling for the while drilling instrument circuit 41 to ensure its normal operation in a high temperature environment.

[0074] Thermoelectric generator is a commonly used thermoelectric semiconductor, which has a hot side and a cold side. When the hot side is at a high temperature and the cold side is at a low temperature, the Seebeck effect will occur, that is, due to the strong thermal excitation at the high temperature end, the hole and electron concentrations are higher than those at the low temperature end, causing the carriers to diffuse from the high temperature end to the low temperature end, thereby forming a potential difference at the low temperature open circuit end. If multiple such batteries are combined, a thermoelectric generator can be formed.

[0075] In one embodiment, a plurality of thermoelectric power generation sheets are arranged in the power generation module 5, the cold surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is provided with cooling by the refrigeration module 2, and the hot surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is provided with heat by a higher temperature heat source, thereby forming a temperature difference to generate electricity.

[0076] The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device provided in the embodiment of the present application adopts an active cooling method, and a cooling module is arranged. The downhole fluid is used as a kinetic energy source, and the cooling module is driven to generate cold energy through the conversion of the power transmission module. The cold energy can be used to provide a large temperature difference for the temperature difference power generation module, provide a stable power supply for the downhole instrument, and ensure that the downhole instrument can work stably in a high-temperature and harsh downhole environment. The temperature difference semiconductor chip is small in size and only needs to be installed on the downhole instrument circuit, which further saves downhole space.

[0077] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 The power transmission module 1 includes a turbine stator 11 and a turbine rotor 12 .

[0078] The turbine rotor 12 has a built-in magnetic coupling device, and the turbine stator 11 is used to guide the inflowing liquid so that the liquid impacts the turbine rotor 12, driving the turbine rotor 12 and the magnetic coupling device to rotate, so that the magnetic coupling device generates an alternating magnetic field.

[0079] In the underground oil drilling and production scene, the underground liquid first flows into the turbine stator 11. The turbine stator 11 is provided with blades with a certain liquid diversion function, so that the liquid impacts the turbine rotor 12. Compared with the liquid directly impacting the turbine rotor 12, this method can make the liquid impacting the turbine rotor 12 have greater kinetic energy, so that the turbine rotor 12 rotates at a high speed, and at the same time, the magnetic coupler set in the turbine rotor 12 generates an alternating magnetic field, and the alternating magnetic field can be magnetically coupled with other magnetic fields.

[0080] The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device provided in the present application is provided with a power transmission module including a turbine stator and a turbine rotor, which converts the kinetic energy of the downhole liquid into mechanical energy, so that the magnetic coupling device built into the turbine rotor generates an alternating magnetic field, which can provide kinetic energy to subsequent modules by means of magnetism.

[0081] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The power transmission module 1 includes: a turbine stator 11, a turbine rotor 12, a turbine transmission shaft 13, a first gear 14, a second gear 15 and a magnetic coupler 16. The first gear 14 is mounted on the turbine transmission shaft 13 in the turbine module, the first gear 14 and the second gear 15 are meshed with each other, and the second gear 15 is rigidly connected to the magnetic coupler 16. The turbine stator 11 and the turbine rotor 12 are used to convert the kinetic energy of the inflowing liquid into mechanical energy, drive the turbine transmission shaft 13 and the first gear 14 to rotate, and the second gear 15 and the magnetic coupler 16 are driven by the first gear 14 to rotate, so that the magnetic coupler 16 generates an alternating magnetic field.

[0082] Among them, the turbine stator 11 plays the role of guiding the inflowing liquid, that is, the drilling fluid, so that the drilling fluid impacts the turbine rotor 12 at a higher flow rate, driving the turbine rotor 12 to rotate. The turbine rotor 12 drives the first gear 14 and the second gear 15 to rotate through the turbine transmission shaft 13. The second gear 15 is rigidly connected to the magnetic coupler 16, and the magnetic coupler 16 rotates to generate an alternating magnetic field.

[0083] The power transmission module in the downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device provided in the embodiment of the present application can convert the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy, provide power for subsequent modules, set a turbine stator to increase the impact force of the drilling fluid on the turbine rotor, set a magnetic coupler, and use a non-contact energy transmission method to reduce device wear and increase device service life.

[0084] In one embodiment, the refrigeration module 2 includes: a downhole drilling refrigerator 21 and a cold head 22. The downhole drilling refrigerator 21 is magnetically coupled with the power transmission module 1, and generates cold energy under the drive of the power transmission module 1, and the generated cold energy is transmitted by the cold head 22.

[0085] Among them, the refrigerator is a device that transfers the heat of the cooled object with a lower temperature to the ambient medium to obtain cooling capacity. The refrigerator can be divided into: compression refrigerator, absorption refrigerator, steam jet refrigerator, semiconductor refrigerator. The cold head is a part of the small refrigerator. Its main function is to cool these components by thermally contacting with the cooling material and components.

[0086] In the downhole active cooling thermoelectric power generation device provided by the embodiment of the present application, the magnetic coupler in the power transmission module rotates under the driving of the drilling fluid to generate an alternating magnetic field, and the drilling refrigerator in the refrigeration module has a built-in internal magnetic field, and the internal alternating magnetic field performs magnetic coupling, so that the drilling refrigerator can rotate synchronously with the magnetic coupler. This non-contact driving method can effectively reduce the wear of the device and extend the service life of the device.

[0087] The downhole refrigerator 21 uses a closed pneumatic refrigeration unit for regenerative refrigeration, which is composed of a magnetically driven compressor and an expander. In the chamber at the cold head 22, the expansion effect is greater than the compression effect, absorbing heat to form a low-temperature zone for refrigeration.

[0088] The downhole drilling refrigerator 21 is filled with gas. The compressor is a driven fluid machine that lifts low-pressure gas to high-pressure gas, and is the heart of the refrigeration system. It inhales low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas from the intake pipe, compresses it by driving the piston through the operation of the motor, and then discharges high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas to the exhaust pipe to provide power for the refrigeration cycle. Thereby realizing the refrigeration cycle of compression → condensation (heat release) → expansion → evaporation (heat absorption). When the gas has a certain pressure and temperature, it has potential energy reflected by the pressure and kinetic energy reflected by the temperature. These two energies are collectively referred to as internal energy. The main function of the expander is to utilize the gas in the expander to perform adiabatic expansion to consume the internal energy of the gas itself, so that the pressure and temperature of the gas are greatly reduced to achieve the purpose of refrigeration and cooling.

[0089] The embodiment of the present application provides an active downhole refrigeration thermoelectric power generation device, in which the downhole refrigeration machine is filled with high-pressure gas, and a closed pneumatic refrigeration unit is used for heat recovery refrigeration. In the chamber at the cold head, the expansion effect is greater than the compression effect, and heat is absorbed to form a low-temperature zone to generate cold. Setting this refrigeration module can effectively increase the temperature difference between the cold and hot ends of the refrigeration module, thereby improving the efficiency of thermoelectric power generation.

[0090] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1The thermal management module 3 includes: a heat conducting cable 31 and a guide column 32. The heat conducting cable 31 transfers cold energy to the cold surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 51, and the hot surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 51 contacts the heat source through the guide column 32 to obtain heat. The heat source can be the inner wall of the pressure-bearing shell or the inner wall of the drill collar. In this setting, all the cold energy of the heat conducting cable 31 is transferred to the cold surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 51, ensuring that the power generation module 5 generates electricity efficiently.

[0091] The downhole active cooling while drilling thermoelectric power generation device provided in the present application uses heat conducting ropes and guide columns to provide stable heat and cold transfer for the device, which can ensure that the cold surface of the thermoelectric power generation plate efficiently absorbs cold and the hot surface fully absorbs heat.

[0092] In one embodiment, the thermally conductive cable 31 and the guide pillar 32 are made of a material with good thermal conductivity. For example, the thermally conductive cable 31 is made of copper and multi-layer graphene, and the guide pillar 32 is made of copper.

[0093] In some possible implementations, the heat conducting cable 31 and the guide pillar 32 may be made of other materials with good thermal conductivity, which is not limited in the present application.

[0094] In a possible implementation, Figure 5 As shown, the top end of the guide pillar 32 is an arc surface, which is in close contact with the surface of the heat source and fully absorbs the heat from the surface of the heat source.

[0095] The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a thermal management module for the conduction of heat and cold. In terms of material, the thermal conductive cable is made of copper and multi-layer graphene, the guide column is made of red copper, and the top of the guide column is set as an arc surface. These features enable the thermal management module to maximize the heat or cold transfer performance.

[0096] In one embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 6 The power generation module 5 also includes a transformer chip 52 for converting the electricity generated by the temperature difference power generation chip 51 into a voltage that can be used by the drilling tool 41.

[0097] Specifically, the transformer chip 51 has the following functions: the transformer chip 51 can achieve precise control of the power supply by adjusting the output voltage and current of the transformer, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the power supply; by optimizing the operating point and voltage waveform and other parameters of the transformer, the loss of the transformer is reduced and the energy utilization efficiency is improved; the transformer chip 51 can monitor and protect the circuit, and when the circuit has abnormal conditions such as overcurrent and overvoltage, the circuit operation is stopped in time to protect the safety of the transformer and other equipment; in some specific application scenarios, the transformer chip 51 can make the transformer more adaptable to specific needs and achieve precise control and measures.

[0098] In one embodiment, other circuits or modules for converting the electricity generated by the thermoelectric power generation sheet 51 into a voltage usable by the drilling equipment 41 may be provided in the power generation module 5, and the present application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0099] The downhole active cooling thermoelectric power generation device provided in the embodiment of the present application has a transformer chip arranged in the power generation module to convert the electricity generated by the thermoelectric power generation chip into a voltage usable by the drilling instrument, thereby ensuring stable power consumption of the drilling instrument.

[0100] In one embodiment, if Figure 6 As shown, the thermal management module 3 transfers cold energy to the drilling instrument electronic control module 4. The thermal management module 3 includes: a heat conducting cable 31 and a guide column 32. The heat conducting cable 31 is close to the drilling instrument electronic control module 4 and transfers cold energy to the drilling instrument electronic control module 4. The cold surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 51 is close to the drilling instrument electronic control module 4 to obtain cold energy, and the hot surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 52 is in contact with the heat source through the guide column 32 to obtain heat.

[0101] The electronic control module 4 of the drilling instrument is installed between the heat conducting cable 31 and the temperature difference power generation sheet 51. The heat conducting cable 31 first transfers the cold energy generated by the refrigeration module 2 to the electronic control module 4 of the drilling instrument, cools the electronic control module 4 of the drilling instrument, and makes it reach a relatively low temperature. The cold surface of the temperature difference power generation sheet 51 obtains cold energy from the electronic control module 4 of the drilling instrument, and the hot surface is connected to the heat source. The cold surface and the hot surface form a temperature difference, which triggers the Seebeck effect and generates electricity. The generated electricity is further converted into a voltage available to the electronic control module of the drilling instrument through the transformer chip, providing a stable power supply for the drilling instrument.

[0102] In this setting, the cooling capacity of the heat conducting cable 31 is not only supplied to the power generation module 5, but also provided to the downhole instrument circuit module 4 to maintain a relatively low temperature. This is suitable for high temperature and ultra-high temperature environments. When the ambient temperature exceeds the operating temperature of the downhole instrument 41, this setting can ensure the normal operation of the downhole instrument 41.

[0103] The downhole active cooling thermoelectric power generation device provided in the present application can ensure that the circuit of the drilling instrument maintains a low temperature in high temperature and ultra-high temperature environments by setting the drilling instrument electronic control module between the thermal cable and the thermoelectric power generation sheet, thereby avoiding abnormal operation of the drilling instrument circuit due to excessive temperature.

[0104] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1, the refrigeration module 2, the thermal management module 3, the drilling instrument electronic control module 4 and the power generation module 5 are all placed in a sealed pressure shell 6. In the power transmission module 1, the turbine stator 11, the turbine rotor 12, the turbine transmission shaft and the first gear are located outside the pressure shell 6, and are in contact with the drilling fluid during operation to obtain the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid. The second gear 15 and the magnetic coupler 16 are located inside the pressure shell 6.

[0105] The pressure shell 6 is made of a material that is resistant to high temperature and high pressure, and can provide pressure support and a certain degree of high temperature isolation for the active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling. The specific manufacturing material of the pressure shell 6 is not limited in this application.

[0106] The embodiment of the present application provides an underground active refrigeration and temperature difference power generation device, and the pressure-bearing shell provides pressure support and heat isolation for the refrigeration module, thermal management module, drilling instrument electronic control module and power generation module, thereby ensuring that these modules operate stably in the underground environment.

[0107] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the downhole power generation system provided in this application, the downhole power generation system includes a drill collar 8 and Figure 8 The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling is shown. Among them, the drill collar 8 is provided with a side cabin, and the downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling is installed in the cabin body 81. By opening the side cabin cover 82, the downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling can be installed and taken out.

[0108] The drill collar is located at the bottom of the drill string and is the main component of the lower drill assembly. It has greater gravity and rigidity, helping the drill bit to remain stable during drilling, reducing vibration and impact, thereby improving drilling efficiency and quality. During the drilling process, the drilling fluid enters the drill collar through the barrel of the drill collar. The turbine module installed inside the drill collar is driven by the drilling fluid to convert the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy to perform functions for the subsequent refrigeration module.

[0109] In one embodiment, multiple side compartments can be opened in the well, and a set of Figure 8 The downhole active-cooling and temperature-difference power generation device shown in the figure, multiple sets of downhole active-cooling and temperature-difference power generation devices share a set of turbine modules, specifically the turbine stator 11, the turbine rotor 12 and the turbine transmission rod are shared by multiple sets of downhole active-cooling and temperature-difference power generation devices while drilling, and the first gears 14 of multiple sets of downhole active-cooling and temperature-difference power generation devices while drilling are all connected to the same turbine transmission rod. The drilling fluid is diverted by the turbine stator 11 to impact the turbine rotor 12, driving the turbine rotor 12 to rotate, and driving the multiple first gears 14 to rotate through the turbine transmission rod, thereby providing kinetic energy for multiple sets of downhole active-cooling and temperature-difference power generation devices while drilling. Downhole active-cooling and temperature-difference power generation device Downhole active-cooling and temperature-difference power generation device while drilling

[0110] In one embodiment, the hot surface Fig. 9 As shown, the present application provides a downhole power generation system, including a drill collar 8 and Figure 1 The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling is shown. The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling is shown. Figure 1 The heat conducting cable 31 is in direct contact with the power generation module 5 to provide cooling for the power generation module 5. The electronic control module 4 of the drilling instrument is not in direct contact with the heat conducting cable 31 and the power generation module 5. The voltage output by the transformer chip 52 is transmitted to the drilling instrument 41 for use by the drilling instrument through the wire 42. The above-mentioned downhole active refrigeration and temperature difference power generation device while drilling is installed in the side compartment body 81 of the drill collar 8, and the device can be installed by opening the side compartment cover 82. Similarly, multiple side compartments can be opened in this drill collar 8 to install multiple sets of downhole active refrigeration and temperature difference power generation devices while drilling. Multiple sets of downhole active refrigeration and temperature difference power generation devices while drilling share a turbine module, and the drilling fluid impacts the turbine module to provide energy during the drilling process.

[0111] In one embodiment, if Fig.10 As shown, the present application provides a downhole power generation system, including a drill collar 8 and Figure 3 The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device shown in the figure. Figure 3 In the active refrigeration and temperature difference power generation device while drilling shown, the power transmission module 1 is provided with a turbine stator 11 and a turbine rotor 12, and a magnetic coupling device is provided on the end face of the turbine rotor 12. The drilling fluid passes through the guide of the turbine stator 11 and impacts the turbine rotor 12. The turbine rotor 12 rotates to generate an alternating magnetic field. The drilling refrigerator 21 in the refrigeration module 2 is magnetically coupled with the turbine rotor 12. When the turbine rotor 12 rotates, the drilling refrigerator 21 rotates synchronously with it, thereby driving the internal compressor and the expansion agent to refrigerate. In this setting mode, the turbine transmission rod, the first gear 14 and the second gear 15 are omitted, and the kinetic energy transfer efficiency is high. The above-mentioned downhole active refrigeration and temperature difference power generation device while drilling is installed at an off-center position of the drill collar 8 through a positioning ring, which can not only ensure that the downhole power generation module obtains sufficient kinetic energy, but also reduce the resistance of the drill collar 8 during the drilling process as small as possible.

[0112] The downhole power generation system provided in the embodiment of the present application is composed of a downhole drill collar and a downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling. It can adapt to harsh environments such as high temperature during oil and gas production. During the drilling process, it provides stable power supply for the downhole instruments through active cooling and temperature difference power generation, ensuring that the oil and gas production process continues and proceeds stably.

[0113] The overall cost of the downhole active cooling temperature difference power generation device and system provided by the embodiment of the present application is much lower than traditional power generation methods such as turbine generators and downhole lithium battery power supply. In actual applications, the maintenance cost and operation difficulty are also relatively low. It can replace the traditional downhole power generation technology that cannot generate electricity and supply energy in the high temperature environment of the well, and the cost is much lower than the common means such as traditional lithium battery pack short sections or turbine generators, further implementing the concept of reducing costs and increasing efficiency. The above technology is not only applicable to the exploration and development of resources such as oil and natural gas, but also can be applied to other geological exploration fields that require high-precision exploration, such as mineral resource exploration, underground engineering survey, etc.

[0114] Combined with the needs of existing ultra-deep wells and ultra-high temperature wells, the innovative results of the present invention can be tested and promoted in corresponding complex blocks at home and abroad. The field associated with the device and system proposed by the present invention is also the downhole active cooling technology for drilling instruments. The cooling capacity generated by the refrigeration device can cool the drilling instruments and other downhole instruments, which can not only improve the upper limit of the temperature resistance of the downhole instruments themselves, but also further promote the exploration and development technology progress of deep oil and gas reservoirs.

[0115] Finally, it should be noted that those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art not disclosed by the present invention, are not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the drawings, and may be modified and changed in various ways without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An active cooling and temperature difference power generation device for drilling downhole, characterized in that: include: Power transmission module, refrigeration module, thermal management module, drilling instrument electronic control module and power generation module; The power transmission module is magnetically coupled to the refrigeration module, and is used to drive the refrigeration module to generate cold energy using the downhole fluid as kinetic energy; The refrigeration module is used for refrigeration, providing cold energy for the power generation module and the drilling instrument module; The thermal management module transfers cold energy to the power generation module; The power generation module includes at least one temperature difference power generation sheet, which is connected in series with the while drilling instrument electronic control module, and is used to generate electricity by temperature difference, and to supply power to the while drilling instrument electronic control module and the while drilling instrument carried by the while drilling instrument electronic control module.

2. The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power transmission module includes: a turbine stator and a turbine rotor; The turbine rotor has a built-in magnetic coupling device; the turbine stator is used to guide the inflowing liquid so that the liquid impacts the turbine rotor, drives the turbine rotor and the magnetic coupling device to rotate, and causes the magnetic coupling device to generate an alternating magnetic field.

3. The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power transmission module includes: a turbine stator, a turbine rotor, a turbine transmission shaft, a first gear, a second gear and a magnetic coupling; The first gear is mounted on the turbine transmission shaft; the first gear is meshed with the second gear; the second gear is rigidly connected to the magnetic coupling; The turbine stator and the turbine rotor are used to convert the kinetic energy of the incoming liquid into mechanical energy, driving the turbine transmission shaft and the first gear to rotate. The second gear and the magnetic coupler rotate under the drive of the first gear, so that the magnetic coupler generates an alternating magnetic field.

4. The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The refrigeration module comprises: a downhole drilling refrigerator and a cold head; The downhole chiller while drilling is magnetically coupled to the power transmission module, and generates cold energy under the drive of the power transmission module, and the generated cold energy is transmitted by the cold head.

5. The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The downhole drilling refrigerator adopts a closed pneumatic refrigeration unit for regenerative refrigeration, and is composed of a magnetically driven compressor and an expander. In the chamber at the cold head, the expansion effect is greater than the compression effect, and heat is absorbed to form a low-temperature zone for refrigeration.

6. The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The thermal management module includes: a thermal conductive cable and a guide column; The cold surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is close to the heat conducting cable to obtain cold energy, and the hot surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is in contact with the heat source through the guide column to obtain heat.

7. The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thermal conductive wire is made of copper and multi-layer graphene.

8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The guide pillar is made of copper material; And / or, the top end of the guide pillar is an arc surface, which is in close contact with the surface of the heat source.

9. The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The power generation module also includes a transformer chip, which is used to convert the electricity generated by the temperature difference power generation chip into a voltage available to the drilling equipment.

10. The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The thermal management module transfers cold energy to the drilling instrument electronic control module; the thermal management module includes: a heat conducting cable and a guide column; The heat conducting cable is close to the electronic control module of the drilling instrument to transfer cold energy to the electronic control module of the drilling instrument; The cold surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is close to the electronic control module of the drilling instrument to obtain cold energy, and the hot surface of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is in contact with the heat source through the guide column to obtain heat.

11. The downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The refrigeration module, the thermal management module, the drilling equipment electronic control module and the power generation module are all placed in a sealed pressure-bearing casing.

12. An underground power generation system, characterized in that: include: A drill collar and a downhole active cooling and temperature difference power generation device while drilling as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.

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