The invention provides a low-energy-consumption rural house indoor thermal environment regulation and control system. The system comprises a rural house, a solar air heat collection device, a low-ambient-temperature air source heat pump air heater, a solar hot air valve, a ground channel air valve, a buried air pipe, an outdoor side air valve, an indoor side air valve, an outdoor air inlet, a ratprevention net, a coarse-effect filter, a ground channel air return air inlet and a solar hot air return air inlet. The system combines shallow geothermal energy and solar energy heat utilization technologies on a traditional split air conditioner, the shallow geothermal energy resource is obtained through the buried air pipe, the solar energy resource is obtained through the solar air heat collection device, and the low-ambient-temperature air source heat pump air heater is used as a matched active cold source and heat source, so that cooling in summer and heating in winter are realized, thefresh air requirements of indoor personnel are met, and the system is good in thermal comfort and energy-saving potential, suitable for being used in the rural house and low in operation energy consumption.