Wind and sand area mechanical sand barrier based on photovoltaic module and control system and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind and sand area mechanical sand barrier based on a photovoltaic module and a control system and method of the wind and sand area mechanical sand barrier, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic cleaning. The wind and sand area mechanical sand barrier comprises a photovoltaic power generation structure, and the photovoltaic power generation structure comprises a horizontal rotating assembly, a wind guiding assembly, a water spraying assembly, a vertical adjusting assembly, a protection assembly and a photovoltaic panel; the vertical adjusting assembly is provided with a photovoltaic panel and a protection assembly, the vertical adjusting assembly is further connected with an air guide assembly, the air guide assembly is connected with the protection assembly, the right end of the vertical adjusting assembly is connected with a water spraying assembly used for collecting water, and the collecting end of the water spraying assembly is in attached sliding connection with the air guide assembly and located below the right end of the photovoltaic panel. The water outlet end of the water spraying assembly is located below the photovoltaic panel. Through the above mode, sand barrier protection is carried out in windy and dusty days, the photovoltaic panels are protected at the same time, and normal power generation of all photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation area is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic cleaning technology, and in particular to a mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on a photovoltaic module, a control system and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Some desert areas have the advantage of developing large-scale photovoltaic power generation. They are important areas for the construction of large photovoltaic bases and important clean energy bases. However, the area belongs to a fragile ecological environment and faces restrictions from harsh desert environmental conditions, such as frequent sandstorms, strong wind and sand activities, and sparse vegetation. The development of photovoltaic power stations in desert areas faces huge wind and sand (dust) disasters and ecological and environmental problems, which affect the efficiency and life of photovoltaic power generation, and seriously restrict the development of desert photovoltaic power stations. In order to overcome the above problems, some sand barrier equipment is designed.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent CN206600058U discloses an adjustable sand barrier system, which belongs to the technical field of sand prevention and fixation; it includes a solar panel, a column cylinder, a cross connector, an oil cylinder, a base, a battery, a windshield and a fuel tank; the upper end of the base is fixed with a column cylinder, and the upper part of the column cylinder is provided with an upper and lower vertical open slideway, and the lower part of the column cylinder is equipped with an oil cylinder, and a cross connector is installed through the oil cylinder, which is respectively mounted on the open slideway on the upper part of the column cylinder, and the cross connectors on adjacent column cylinders are connected through the windshield, and a solar panel is installed on the upper end of the column cylinder, and a battery and a fuel tank are installed on the upper end of the base; the utility model has a reasonable and compact structure and is easy to use; the solar panel provides a power source, and the oil cylinder drives the cross connector and the windshield connected thereto to move up and down on the open slideway on the upper part of the column cylinder, so that the height adjustability of the sand barrier in the sand barrier system is realized, which has the effect of conveniently and quickly adjusting the height of the sand barrier and improving the sand prevention efficiency.

[0004] However, there are tens of thousands of photovoltaic modules for photovoltaic power generation on the desert ground, and each one is designed with the above structure, which results in a high overall cost and is not conducive to practical use.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention designs a mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on photovoltaic modules, a control system and a method thereof to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on photovoltaic modules, a control system and a method thereof.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on photovoltaic modules, including three rows of photovoltaic power generation structures for blocking wind and sand in the sand barrier areas on the four sides of the photovoltaic power generation area: The photovoltaic power generation structure includes a horizontal rotation component, an air guide component, a water sprinkling component, a vertical adjustment component, a protection component and a photovoltaic panel. The output end of the horizontal rotation component for horizontal rotation driving is connected to a vertical adjustment component for vertical rotation. The movable end of the vertical adjustment component is connected to a photovoltaic panel for power generation and a protection component for protecting the photovoltaic panel. When the photovoltaic panel needs protection, the protection component covers the photovoltaic panel for protection. When the photovoltaic panel does not need protection, the protection component does not cover the photovoltaic panel. The vertical adjustment component is also connected to an air guide component for blocking wind and sand, and the air guide component is connected to the protection component. When the protection component protects the photovoltaic panel, the air guide component moves outward with the protection component to block the wind and sand. When the protection component does not protect the photovoltaic panel, the air guide component moves below the photovoltaic panel. The flowing air flows in the photovoltaic power generation area and the sand barrier area to cool the photovoltaic panel. The right end of the vertical adjustment component is connected to a water sprinkling component for collecting water. The collecting end of the water sprinkling component is fitted and slidably connected to the air guide component. The collecting end of the water sprinkling component is located below the right end of the photovoltaic panel, and the water outlet end of the water sprinkling component is located below the photovoltaic panel.

[0008] Furthermore, the horizontal rotation assembly includes a supporting cylinder, a rotating cylinder, a first motor, a first gear ring and a second gear ring. The first motor is installed in the supporting cylinder, the driving end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the first gear ring, the upper end of the inner wall of the supporting cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating cylinder through a bearing, the lower end of the inner wall of the rotating cylinder is fixedly connected to the second gear ring meshing with the first gear ring, and the vertical adjustment assembly is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical adjustment assembly includes an installation box, a worm, a worm wheel, a support frame, a horizontal axis, a connecting block and a support block. The installation box is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating cylinder, and a second motor is fixedly installed in the installation box. The driving end of the second motor passes through the installation box and is fixedly connected to the worm. The worm is meshingly connected to the worm wheel. A horizontal axis is installed in the mounting hole of the worm wheel. Both ends of the horizontal axis are rotatably connected to the support block through bearings, and the support block is fixedly connected to the installation box, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the horizontal axis, and the end of the connecting block away from the horizontal axis is fixedly connected to the support frame, the photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected to the support frame, and the support frame is connected to the wind guide assembly and the protection assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the protection component includes a protection plate, a connecting shaft, a third motor, a synchronous belt assembly, a transmission belt, a transmission wheel, bristles and a bristle mounting plate. The inner walls of the left and right ends of the support frame are rotatably connected to the connecting shaft through bearings, the connecting shaft is symmetrically fixedly connected to the transmission wheel front and back, the transmission wheel is rotatably connected to the transmission belt, the photovoltaic panel is located inside the transmission belt, the outer wall of the transmission belt is fixedly connected to the protection plate, the right end of the protection plate is fixedly connected to the bristle mounting plate, the bottom of the bristles is evenly fixedly connected to the bristles, and the bottom of the bristles is fitted and slidably connected to the top of the photovoltaic panel, the support frame is fixedly connected to the third motor, the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to the end of a group of connecting shafts through the synchronous belt assembly, and the connecting shaft is connected to the wind guide assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the size of the top surface of the protection plate is the same as the size of the top surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0012] Furthermore, the wind guide assembly includes a rack, an inclined plate, a slide groove, a third gear ring, a fourth gear ring and a mounting frame. The right end of the photovoltaic panel is symmetrically fixedly connected to the mounting frame, the mounting frame is rotatably connected to the third gear ring, the top of the third gear ring is meshingly connected to the fourth gear ring, and the fourth gear ring is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft, and the fourth gear ring is concentrically arranged with the connecting shaft, a slide groove is opened on the inner wall of the support frame, the front and rear side walls of the inclined plate are both slidably connected to the slide groove, and the top of the inclined plate is fixedly connected to a rack meshingly connected to the third gear ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the sprinkler assembly includes straight holes, inclined pipes, connecting pipes, a water collecting tank and a filter screen. The water collecting tank is fixedly installed at the right end of the support frame. The filter screen is inserted into the socket opened at the top of the water collecting tank. Connecting pipes are fixedly connected to the bottom of the water collecting tank at equal intervals. An inclined pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting pipe, and straight holes are opened at equal intervals at the bottom of the inclined pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom of the inclined plate is slidably connected to the top of the filter screen.

[0015] A control system for mechanical sand barriers in windy and sandy areas based on photovoltaic modules, including a controller: The controller is electrically connected to a wind speed and direction sensor, and the wind speed and direction sensor is installed outside each sand barrier area; The controller is electrically connected to the first motor, the second motor and the third motor.

[0016] A control method for a control system of a mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on a photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: Step 1: The wind speed and direction sensors outside each sand barrier area monitor the wind speed and direction, and the wind speed and direction sensors transmit the monitored data to the controller; Step 2: The controller determines the photovoltaic power generation structure in the sand barrier area that needs to be blocked from wind and sand according to the wind direction, and the photovoltaic power generation structures in other sand barrier areas generate electricity normally; Step 3: Determine whether the wind speed is greater than 5m / s. If it is, execute step 4. If it is not, adjust the photovoltaic power generation structure on the outside to the state when sandstorm occurs, and the angle between the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic power generation structure on the outside and the extension line of the water spraying assembly is 35 degrees. The photovoltaic power generation structures on the inside and the middle are in a normal power generation state. Step 4: Determine whether the wind speed is greater than 15m / s. If it is, execute step 5. If it is not, adjust the outer and middle photovoltaic power generation structures to the state when sandstorm occurs. The angle between the photovoltaic panel of the middle photovoltaic power generation structure and the extension line of the water sprinkling assembly is 35 degrees, and the angle between the photovoltaic panel of the outer photovoltaic power generation structure and the extension line of the water sprinkling assembly is 42 degrees. The inner photovoltaic power generation structures are all in a normal power generation state. Step 5: Determine whether the wind speed is greater than 20m / s. If it is, all photovoltaic power generation structures in the sand barrier area are in the state when sandstorm occurs, and the angle between the photovoltaic panels of all photovoltaic power generation structures and the extension line of the water sprinkling assembly is thirty-five degrees. If it is not, all photovoltaic power generation structures are adjusted to the state when sandstorm occurs, the angle between the photovoltaic panels of the inner photovoltaic power generation structure and the extension line of the water sprinkling assembly is thirty-five degrees, the angle between the photovoltaic panels of the middle photovoltaic power generation structure and the extension line of the water sprinkling assembly is forty-two degrees, and the angle between the photovoltaic panels of the outer photovoltaic power generation structure and the extension line of the water sprinkling assembly is fifty-five degrees.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides sand barrier protection during wind and sand, and protects the photovoltaic panels at the same time, which is beneficial for all photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation area to perform normal power generation. It only needs to set up a photovoltaic power generation structure in the sand barrier area to achieve the sand prevention effect, and it is not necessary to set up all photovoltaic power generation structures, so the overall cost is reduced; when there is no wind and sand, it can continue to generate electricity normally, which is beneficial for use according to actual conditions. In addition, it is convenient for water collection and utilization; The wind speed and direction sensor of the present invention monitors the wind speed and direction, and transmits the detection data to the controller. The controller determines the photovoltaic power generation structure in the corresponding sand barrier area to block the wind and sand according to the wind direction, and the photovoltaic power generation structures in other sand barrier areas generate electricity normally. Then, according to the wind speed, the photovoltaic power generation structure in the sand barrier area that blocks the wind and sand is adjusted accordingly, which is conducive to corresponding adjustments based on more actual conditions and helps to maximize power generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is the layout map of photovoltaic power generation area and sand barrier area; Figure 2 A three-dimensional mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on a photovoltaic module of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 3 It is a front view of a mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on a photovoltaic module according to the present invention; Figure 4 It is a left view of a mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on a photovoltaic module according to the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention is a three-dimensional mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on a photovoltaic module Figure 2 ; Figure 6 The present invention is a three-dimensional mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on a photovoltaic module Figure 3 ; Figure 7 The present invention is a three-dimensional mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on a photovoltaic module Figure 4 ; Figure 8 For along Figure 3 AA direction cross-sectional view; Fig. 9 For along Figure 4 BB direction cross-sectional view; Fig.10 For along Figure 4 CC direction cross-sectional view; Fig.11 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point D in the middle; Fig.12 for Fig.10 Enlarged view of point E in the middle; Fig.13 The block diagram of a control system for a mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on photovoltaic modules; Fig.14 This is the status diagram of photovoltaic modules in the sand barrier area when the wind speed is less than 5m / s; Fig.15 This is the status diagram of photovoltaic modules in the sand barrier area when the wind speed is greater than 5m / s and less than 15m / s; Fig.16 This is the status diagram of photovoltaic modules in the sand barrier area when the wind speed is greater than 15m / s and less than +5m / s; Fig.17 This is the status diagram of photovoltaic modules in the sand barrier area when the wind speed is greater than 20m / s; Fig.18 The control method flow chart is shown in FIG.

[0020] The numbers in the figure represent: 1. Controller; 2. Wind speed and direction sensor; 3. Photovoltaic power generation structure; 31. Horizontal rotation assembly; 311. Support cylinder; 312. Rotating cylinder; 313. First motor; 314. First gear ring; 315. Second gear ring; 32. Wind guide assembly; 321. Rack; 322. Inclined plate; 323. Slide; 324. Third gear ring; 325. Fourth gear ring; 326. Mounting frame; 33. Sprinkler assembly; 331. Straight hole; 332. Inclined pipe; 333. Connecting pipe; 334. Water collecting tank; 335, filter screen; 34, vertical adjustment assembly; 341, installation box; 342, worm; 343, worm wheel; 344, support frame; 345, horizontal axis; 346, connecting block; 347, support block; 348, second motor; 35, protection assembly; 351, protection plate; 352, connecting shaft; 353, third motor; 354, synchronous belt assembly; 355, transmission belt; 356, transmission wheel; 357, bristles; 358, bristle mounting plate; 36, photovoltaic panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0023] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 12 , a mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on photovoltaic modules, including three rows of photovoltaic power generation structures 3 for blocking wind and sand in the sand barrier areas on the four sides of the photovoltaic power generation area: The photovoltaic power generation structure 3 includes a horizontal rotation component 31, a wind guide component 32, a water spray component 33, a vertical adjustment component 34, a protection component 35 and a photovoltaic panel 36. The output end of the horizontal rotation component 31 for horizontal rotation driving is connected to the vertical adjustment component 34 for vertical rotation. The movable end of the vertical adjustment component 34 is connected to the photovoltaic panel 36 for power generation and the protection component 35 for protecting the photovoltaic panel 36. When the photovoltaic panel 36 needs protection, the protection component 35 covers the photovoltaic panel 36 for protection. When the photovoltaic panel 36 does not need protection, the protection component 35 does not cover the photovoltaic panel 36. The vertical adjustment component 34 is also connected to the wind guide component for blocking wind and sand. 32, and the wind guide component 32 is connected to the protection component 35. When the protection component 35 protects the photovoltaic panel 36, the wind guide component 32 moves outward with the protection component 35, and the wind guide component 32 blocks the wind and sand. When the protection component 35 does not protect the photovoltaic panel 36, the wind guide component 32 moves under the photovoltaic panel 36, and the flowing air flows in the photovoltaic power generation area and the sand barrier area to cool down the photovoltaic panel 36. The right end of the vertical adjustment component 34 is connected to a water sprinkling component 33 for collecting water. The collecting end of the water sprinkling component 33 is slidably connected to the wind guide component 32, the collecting end of the water sprinkling component 33 is located below the right end of the photovoltaic panel 36, and the water outlet end of the water sprinkling component 33 is located below the photovoltaic panel 36.

[0024] When there is no wind and sand, the protection component 35 of the photovoltaic power generation structure 3 does not cover the photovoltaic panel 36, the horizontal rotation component 31 drives the vertical adjustment component 34 to rotate, the vertical adjustment component 34 drives the photovoltaic panel 36 to rotate in the horizontal direction, and then the vertical adjustment component 34 drives the photovoltaic panel 36 to rotate in the vertical direction, and adjusts the photovoltaic panel 36 to the set sunlight receiving angle, the photovoltaic panel 36 generates electricity normally, and the wind guide component 32 located at the photovoltaic panel 36 moves to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 36, and the flowing air flows in the photovoltaic power generation area and the sand barrier area to cool the photovoltaic panel 36.

[0025] When sandstorms occur, the protective component 35 of the photovoltaic power generation structure 3 covers the photovoltaic panel 36 to prevent sand from directly hitting the photovoltaic panel 36. The protective component 35 protects the photovoltaic panel 36 from sandstorms. At the same time, the wind guide component 32 moves outward with the protective component 35, and the horizontal rotation component 31 drives the vertical adjustment component 34 to rotate. The vertical adjustment component 34 drives the protective component 35 and the wind guide component 32 to rotate in the horizontal direction. Then, the vertical adjustment component 34 drives the protective component 35 and the wind guide component 32 to rotate in the vertical direction. The protective component 35 and the wind guide component 32 rotate to the set position and angle to block the sandstorms. When it rains or the photovoltaic panel 36 is cleaned, the water sprinkling component 33 collects and processes the water on the photovoltaic panel 36. The collected water is sprayed onto the soil below the photovoltaic panel 36 through the water sprinkling component 33, which can effectively guide the water to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 36, which is beneficial for the absorption of the soil plants below the photovoltaic panel 36, and avoids the water falling only on the right front end of the photovoltaic panel 36, which is beneficial for maximizing the utilization of water. In addition, the wind guide component 32 scrapes off the sand at the collection end of the water sprinkling component 33 when moving, thereby ensuring the filtering performance of the water sprinkling component 33.

[0026] In summary, the present invention provides sand barrier protection during windy and sandy weather, and the photovoltaic panels 36 are protected at the same time, which is beneficial for all photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation area to perform normal power generation. It is only necessary to set up the photovoltaic power generation structure 3 in the sand barrier area to achieve the sand prevention effect, and there is no need to set up all of them as photovoltaic power generation structures 3, thereby reducing the overall cost. When there is no windy and sandy weather, it can continue to generate electricity normally, which is beneficial for use according to actual conditions. In addition, it is convenient for water collection and utilization.

[0027] The horizontal rotation component 31 includes a supporting cylinder 311, a rotating cylinder 312, a first motor 313, a first gear ring 314 and a second gear ring 315. The first motor 313 is installed in the supporting cylinder 311, and the driving end of the first motor 313 is fixedly connected to the first gear ring 314. The upper end of the inner wall of the supporting cylinder 311 is rotatably connected to the rotating cylinder 312 through a bearing, and the lower end of the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 312 is fixedly connected to the second gear ring 315 meshing with the first gear ring 314. The vertical adjustment component 34 is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating cylinder 312.

[0028] The first motor 313 of the horizontal rotating component 31 drives the first ring gear 314 to rotate, the first ring gear 314 drives the second ring gear 315 to rotate, the second ring gear 315 drives the rotating cylinder 312 to rotate along the supporting cylinder 311, the supporting cylinder 311 drives the vertical adjustment component 34 to rotate, and the vertical adjustment component 34 drives the photovoltaic panel 36 to rotate in the horizontal direction.

[0029] The vertical adjustment assembly 34 includes an installation box 341, a worm 342, a worm wheel 343, a support frame 344, a transverse shaft 345, a connecting block 346 and a supporting block 347. The installation box 341 is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating cylinder 312. A second motor 348 is fixedly installed in the installation box 341. The driving end of the second motor 348 passes through the installation box 341 and is fixedly connected to the worm 342. The worm 342 is meshed with the worm wheel 343. A transverse shaft 345 is installed in the installation hole of the worm wheel 343. Both ends of the transverse shaft 345 are rotatably connected to the supporting block 347 through bearings, and the supporting block 347 is fixedly connected to the installation box 341. A connecting block 346 is fixedly connected to the transverse shaft 345. The end of the connecting block 346 away from the transverse shaft 345 is fixedly connected to the supporting frame 344. The photovoltaic panel 36 is fixedly connected to the supporting frame 344. The supporting frame 344 is connected to the wind guide assembly 32 and the protection assembly 35.

[0030] The second motor 348 of the vertical adjustment component 34 drives the worm 342 to rotate, the worm 342 drives the worm wheel 343 to rotate, the worm wheel 343 drives the horizontal axis 345 to rotate, the horizontal axis 345 drives the connecting block 346 to rotate, the connecting block 346 drives the support frame 344 to rotate, and the support frame 344 drives the photovoltaic panel 36, the protection component 35, and the wind guide component 32 to rotate in the vertical direction.

[0031] The protection component 35 includes a protection plate 351, a connecting shaft 352, a third motor 353, a synchronous belt assembly 354, a transmission belt 355, a transmission wheel 356, bristles 357 and a bristle mounting plate 358. The inner walls of the left and right ends of the support frame 344 are rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 352 through bearings. The connecting shaft 352 is symmetrically fixedly connected with the transmission wheel 356 front and back, and the transmission wheel 356 is rotatably connected with the transmission belt 355. The photovoltaic panel 36 is located in the transmission belt 355, and the outer wall of the transmission belt 355 is fixedly connected to the protection plate 351. The right end of the protection plate 351 is fixedly connected to the bristle mounting plate 358. The bottom of the bristles 357 are evenly fixedly connected to the bristles 357, and the bottom of the bristles 357 is fitted and slidably connected to the top of the photovoltaic panel 36. The support frame 344 is fixedly connected to the third motor 353. The output end of the third motor 353 is fixedly connected to the end of a group of connecting shafts 352 through the synchronous belt assembly 354, and the connecting shaft 352 is connected to the wind guide assembly 32.

[0032] The size of the top surface of the protection plate 351 is the same as the size of the top surface of the photovoltaic panel 36 .

[0033] The protection plate 351 is made of rubber material.

[0034] When sandstorm occurs, the third motor 353 of the protection component 35 drives a group of connecting shafts 352 to rotate through the synchronous belt assembly 354, the connecting shaft 352 drives the transmission wheel 356 to rotate, the transmission wheel 356 drives the transmission belt 355 to rotate, the transmission belt 355 drives another group of connecting shafts 352 to rotate, the connecting shaft 352 drives the protection plate 351, the protection plate 351 moves to above the photovoltaic panel 36, the protection plate 351 completely covers the transmission wheel 356, the protection plate 351 protects the transmission wheel 356 to prevent sand from directly hitting the photovoltaic panel 36.

[0035] When it is necessary to clean the sand on the photovoltaic panel 36, the third motor 353 of the protection component 35 drives a group of connecting shafts 352 to rotate clockwise through the synchronous belt assembly 354, the connecting shaft 352 drives the transmission wheel 356 to rotate, the transmission wheel 356 drives the transmission belt 355 to rotate, the transmission belt 355 drives another group of connecting shafts 352 to rotate, the connecting shaft 352 drives the bristle mounting plate 358, the bristle mounting plate 358 drives the bristles 357 to move along the photovoltaic panel 36, the bristles 357 remove the sand on the photovoltaic panel 36 to prevent the sand from affecting the power generation of the photovoltaic panel 36, which is beneficial to actual use.

[0036] When there is no wind and sand, the third motor 353 of the protection component 35 drives a set of connecting shafts 352 to rotate counterclockwise through the synchronous belt assembly 354, the connecting shaft 352 drives the transmission wheel 356 to rotate, the transmission wheel 356 drives the transmission belt 355 to rotate, the transmission belt 355 drives another set of connecting shafts 352 to rotate, the connecting shaft 352 drives the protection plate 351, the protection plate 351 moves to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 36, and the photovoltaic panel 36 is fully opened, which is conducive to the normal power generation of the photovoltaic panel 36.

[0037] The wind guide assembly 32 includes a rack 321, an inclined plate 322, a slide groove 323, a third gear ring 324, a fourth gear ring 325 and a mounting frame 326. The right end of the photovoltaic panel 36 is symmetrically fixedly connected with the mounting frame 326, and the mounting frame 326 is rotatably connected with the third gear ring 324. The top of the third gear ring 324 is meshed with the fourth gear ring 325, and the fourth gear ring 325 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 352, and the fourth gear ring 325 is concentrically arranged with the connecting shaft 352. A slide groove 323 is provided on the inner wall of the support frame 344, and the front and rear side walls of the inclined plate 322 are both slidably connected with the slide groove 323. The top of the inclined plate 322 is fixedly connected with a rack 321 meshed with the third gear ring 324.

[0038] When wind and sand appear, the connecting shaft 352 drives the fourth gear ring 325 of the wind guide assembly 32 to rotate clockwise, the fourth gear ring 325 drives the third gear ring 324 to rotate, the third gear ring 324 drives the rack 321 to move, the rack 321 drives the inclined plate 322 to rotate along the slide groove 323, and the protective plate 351 moves to above the photovoltaic panel 36, while the inclined plate 322 slides out of the support frame 344, the protective plate 351 and the inclined plate 322 form a larger blocking structure, and the wind and sand control effect is better.

[0039] When there is no wind and sand, the connecting shaft 352 drives the fourth gear ring 325 of the wind guide assembly 32 to rotate counterclockwise, the fourth gear ring 325 drives the third gear ring 324 to rotate, the third gear ring 324 drives the rack 321 to move, the rack 321 drives the inclined plate 322 to rotate along the slide groove 323, and the protective plate 351 moves to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 36, which is conducive to the flow of air in the photovoltaic power generation area and the sand barrier area to cool the photovoltaic panel 36.

[0040] In summary, the protection component 35 and the air guide component 32 operate in conjunction with each other, which is convenient for practical use; The water spraying assembly 33 includes a straight hole 331, an inclined tube 332, a connecting tube 333, a water collecting box 334 and a filter screen 335. The water collecting box 334 is fixedly installed at the right end of the support frame 344. The filter screen 335 is inserted into the plug hole opened at the top of the water collecting box 334. The bottom of the water collecting box 334 is fixedly connected with a connecting tube 333 at equal intervals. The bottom of the connecting tube 333 is fixedly connected with an inclined tube 332. The bottom of the inclined tube 332 is provided with straight holes 331 at equal intervals. The bottom of the inclined plate 322 is slidably connected to the top of the filter screen 335 .

[0041] When it rains or the photovoltaic panel 36 is cleaned, water and sand fall onto the filter 335 of the water sprinkling assembly 33. The water passes through the filter 335 and falls into the water collecting tank 334, then enters the inclined tube 332 through the connecting pipe 333, and then pours out from the straight hole 331. The collected water is poured onto the soil below the photovoltaic panel 36 through the straight hole 331, which can effectively guide the water to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 36, which is beneficial for the absorption of the soil plants below the photovoltaic panel 36, and avoids the water falling only on the right front end of the photovoltaic panel 36, which is beneficial for maximizing the use of water. In addition, when the inclined plate 322 moves along the top of the filter 335, the inclined plate 322 scrapes off the sand at the collecting end of the filter 335, thereby ensuring the filtering performance of the filter 335.

[0042] Example 2: Please refer to Fig.13 , a control system for mechanical sand barriers in windy and sandy areas based on photovoltaic modules, including a controller 1: The controller 1 is electrically connected to a wind speed and direction sensor 2, and the wind speed and direction sensor 2 is installed outside each sand barrier area; The controller 1 is electrically connected to the first motor 313 , the second motor 348 , and the third motor 353 .

[0043] The wind speed and direction sensor 2 monitors the wind speed and direction, and transmits the detection data to the controller 1. The controller 1 determines the photovoltaic power generation structure 3 in the corresponding sand barrier area to block the wind and sand according to the wind direction, and the photovoltaic power generation structures 3 in other sand barrier areas generate electricity normally. Then, according to the wind speed, the photovoltaic power generation structure 3 in the sand barrier area that blocks the wind and sand is adjusted accordingly, which is conducive to corresponding adjustments based on the actual situation and helps to maximize power generation.

[0044] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 14-18 , a control method for a control system of a mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on photovoltaic modules as claimed in claim 3, the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: The wind speed and direction sensors 2 outside each sand barrier area monitor the wind speed and direction, and the wind speed and direction sensors 2 transmit the monitored data to the controller 1; Step 2: The controller 1 determines the photovoltaic power generation structure 3 in the sand barrier area that needs to be blocked from wind and sand according to the wind direction, and the photovoltaic power generation structures 3 in other sand barrier areas perform normal power generation; Step 3: Determine whether the wind speed is greater than 5m / s. If it is determined to be yes, execute step 4. If it is determined to be no, the outer photovoltaic power generation structure 3 is adjusted to the state when sandstorm occurs, and the angle between the photovoltaic panel 36 of the outer photovoltaic power generation structure 3 and the extension line of the water spraying component 33 is 35 degrees, and the inner and middle photovoltaic power generation structures 3 are in a normal power generation state; Step 4: Determine whether the wind speed is greater than 15m / s. If it is, execute step 5. If it is not, adjust the outer and middle photovoltaic power generation structures 3 to the state when sandstorm occurs. The photovoltaic panels 36 of the middle photovoltaic power generation structure 3 and the extended line of the water sprinkling component 33 are at an angle of thirty-five degrees. The photovoltaic panels 36 of the outer photovoltaic power generation structure 3 and the extended line of the water sprinkling component 33 are at an angle of forty-two degrees. The inner photovoltaic power generation structures 3 are all in a normal power generation state. Step 5: Determine whether the wind speed is greater than 20m / s. If it is, all photovoltaic power generation structures 3 in the sand barrier area are in the state when sandstorm occurs, and the angle between the photovoltaic panels 36 of all photovoltaic power generation structures 3 and the extended line of the water sprinkling component 33 is thirty-five degrees. If it is not, all photovoltaic power generation structures 3 are adjusted to the state when sandstorm occurs, the angle between the photovoltaic panels 36 of the inner photovoltaic power generation structure 3 and the extended line of the water sprinkling component 33 is thirty-five degrees, the angle between the photovoltaic panels 36 of the middle photovoltaic power generation structure 3 and the extended line of the water sprinkling component 33 is forty-two degrees, and the angle between the photovoltaic panels 36 of the outer photovoltaic power generation structure 3 and the extended line of the water sprinkling component 33 is fifty-five degrees.

[0045] The right end of the inclined plate 322 with an angle of thirty-five degrees between the photovoltaic panel 36 of the photovoltaic power generation structure 3 and the extension line of the water spraying assembly 33 is in contact with the ground.

[0046] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on photovoltaic modules, comprising three rows of photovoltaic power generation structures (3) for blocking wind and sand in the sand barrier areas on the four sides of the photovoltaic power generation area, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation structure (3) comprises a horizontal rotation component (31), a wind guide component (32), a water sprinkling component (33), a vertical adjustment component (34), a protection component (35) and a photovoltaic panel (36). The output end of the horizontal rotation component (31) for horizontal rotation driving is connected to the vertical adjustment component (34) for vertical rotation. The movable end of the vertical adjustment component (34) is connected to a photovoltaic panel (36) for power generation and a protection component (35) for protecting the photovoltaic panel (36). When the photovoltaic panel (36) needs protection, the protection component (35) covers the photovoltaic panel (36) for protection. When the photovoltaic panel (36) does not need protection, the protection component (35) does not cover the photovoltaic panel (36). The vertical adjustment component (34) is also connected to the wind guide component (34) for blocking wind and sand. The wind guide component (32) is connected to the protection component (35). When the protection component (35) protects the photovoltaic panel (36), the wind guide component (32) moves outward with the protection component (35), and the wind guide component (32) blocks the wind and sand. When the protection component (35) does not protect the photovoltaic panel (36), the wind guide component (32) moves below the photovoltaic panel (36). The flowing air flows in the photovoltaic power generation area and the sand barrier area to cool the photovoltaic panel (36). The right end of the vertical adjustment component (34) is connected to a water sprinkling component (33) for collecting water. The collecting end of the water sprinkling component (33) is slidably connected to the wind guide component (32). The collecting end of the water sprinkling component (33) is located below the right end of the photovoltaic panel (36), and the water outlet end of the water sprinkling component (33) is located below the photovoltaic panel (36).

2. The mechanical sand barrier in windy and sandy areas based on photovoltaic modules according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal rotation assembly (31) comprises a support cylinder (311), a rotating cylinder (312), a first motor (313), a first gear ring (314) and a second gear ring (315); the first motor (313) is installed in the support cylinder (311); the driving end of the first motor (313) is fixedly connected to the first gear ring (314); the upper end of the inner wall of the support cylinder (311) is rotatably connected to the rotating cylinder (312) via a bearing; the lower end of the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (312) is fixedly connected to the second gear ring (315) meshing with the first gear ring (314); and the vertical adjustment assembly (34) is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating cylinder (312).

3. The mechanical sand barrier in windy and sandy areas based on photovoltaic modules according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The vertical adjustment assembly (34) comprises an installation box (341), a worm (342), a worm wheel (343), a support frame (344), a horizontal shaft (345), a connecting block (346) and a supporting block (347). The installation box (341) is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating cylinder (312). A second motor (348) is fixedly installed in the installation box (341). The driving end of the second motor (348) passes through the installation box (341) and is fixedly connected to the worm (342). The worm (342) is meshedly connected to the worm wheel (343). A transverse axis (345) is installed in the mounting hole of the wheel (343); both ends of the transverse axis (345) are rotatably connected to a support block (347) via bearings; the support block (347) is fixedly connected to the mounting box (341); a connecting block (346) is fixedly connected to the transverse axis (345); an end of the connecting block (346) away from the transverse axis (345) is fixedly connected to a support frame (344); the photovoltaic panel (36) is fixedly connected to the support frame (344); and the support frame (344) is connected to the wind guide assembly (32) and the protection assembly (35).

4. The mechanical sand barrier in windy and sandy areas based on photovoltaic modules according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The protection assembly (35) comprises a protection plate (351), a connecting shaft (352), a third motor (353), a synchronous belt assembly (354), a transmission belt (355), a transmission wheel (356), bristles (357) and a bristle mounting plate (358). The inner walls of the left and right ends of the support frame (344) are rotatably connected to the connecting shaft (352) through bearings. The connecting shaft (352) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the transmission wheel (356) in front and back. The transmission wheel (356) is rotatably connected to the transmission belt (355). The photovoltaic panel (36) is located inside the transmission belt (355). The transmission belt The outer wall (355) is fixedly connected to a protection plate (351), the right end of the protection plate (351) is fixedly connected to a bristle mounting plate (358), the bottom of the bristle mounting plate (358) is evenly fixedly connected to bristles (357), and the bottom of the bristles (357) is slidably connected to the top of the photovoltaic panel (36), the support frame (344) is fixedly connected to a third motor (353), the output end of the third motor (353) is fixedly connected to the end of a group of connecting shafts (352) through a synchronous belt assembly (354), and the connecting shafts (352) are connected to the wind guide assembly (32).

5. The mechanical sand barrier in windy and sandy areas based on photovoltaic modules according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The size of the top surface of the protection plate (351) is the same as the size of the top surface of the photovoltaic panel (36).

6. The mechanical sand barrier in windy and sandy areas based on photovoltaic modules according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wind guide assembly (32) comprises a rack (321), an inclined plate (322), a slide groove (323), a third gear ring (324), a fourth gear ring (325) and a mounting frame (326). The right end of the photovoltaic panel (36) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the mounting frame (326). The mounting frame (326) is rotatably connected to the third gear ring (324). The top of the third gear ring (324) is meshingly connected to the fourth gear ring (325). The fourth gear ring (325) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (352). The fourth gear ring (325) and the connecting shaft (352) are concentrically arranged. The inner wall of the support frame (344) is provided with a slide groove (323). The front and rear side walls of the inclined plate (322) are both fitted and slidably connected to the slide groove (323). The top of the inclined plate (322) is fixedly connected to the rack (321) meshingly connected to the third gear ring (324).

7. The mechanical sand barrier in windy and sandy areas based on photovoltaic modules according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water sprinkling assembly (33) comprises a straight hole (331), an inclined tube (332), a connecting tube (333), a water collecting box (334) and a filter screen (335). The water collecting box (334) is fixedly mounted on the right end of the support frame (344). The filter screen (335) is inserted into a socket opened at the top of the water collecting box (334). The bottom of the water collecting box (334) is fixedly connected with a connecting tube (333) at equal intervals. The bottom of the connecting tube (333) is fixedly connected with an inclined tube (332). The bottom of the inclined tube (332) is provided with straight holes (331) at equal intervals.

8. The mechanical sand barrier in windy and sandy areas based on photovoltaic modules according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the inclined plate (322) is slidably connected to the top of the filter screen (335).

9. A control system for a mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on photovoltaic modules according to claim 8, comprising a controller (1), characterized in that: The controller (1) is electrically connected to a wind speed and direction sensor (2), and the wind speed and direction sensor (2) is installed outside each sand barrier area; The controller (1) is electrically connected to the first motor (313), the second motor (348) and the third motor (353).

10. A control method for a control system of a mechanical sand barrier in a windy and sandy area based on photovoltaic modules as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The wind speed and direction sensors (2) outside each sand barrier area monitor the wind speed and direction, and the wind speed and direction sensors (2) transmit the monitored data to the controller (1); Step 2: The controller (1) determines the photovoltaic power generation structure (3) in the sand barrier area that needs to be shielded from wind and sand according to the wind direction, and the photovoltaic power generation structures (3) in other sand barrier areas perform normal power generation; Step 3: Determine whether the wind speed is greater than 5 m / s. If the determination is yes, execute step 4. If the determination is no, adjust the outer photovoltaic power generation structure (3) to the state when sandstorm occurs, and the angle between the photovoltaic panel (36) of the outer photovoltaic power generation structure (3) and the extension line of the water sprinkling component (33) is thirty-five degrees, and the inner and middle photovoltaic power generation structures (3) are both in a normal power generation state. Step 4: Determine whether the wind speed is greater than 15 m / s. If the determination is yes, execute step 5. If the determination is no, adjust the outer and middle photovoltaic power generation structures (3) to the state when sandstorms occur. The angle between the photovoltaic panel (36) of the middle photovoltaic power generation structure (3) and the extended line of the water sprinkling component (33) is 35 degrees. The angle between the photovoltaic panel (36) of the outer photovoltaic power generation structure (3) and the extended line of the water sprinkling component (33) is 42 degrees. The inner photovoltaic power generation structures (3) are all in a normal power generation state. Step 5: Determine whether the wind speed is greater than 20 m / s. If it is determined to be yes, all photovoltaic power generation structures (3) in the sand barrier area are in a state when sandstorms occur, and the angle between the photovoltaic panels (36) of all photovoltaic power generation structures (3) and the extended lines of the water sprinkling components (33) is thirty-five degrees. If it is determined to be no, all photovoltaic power generation structures (3) are adjusted to a state when sandstorms occur, and the angle between the photovoltaic panels (36) of the inner photovoltaic power generation structure (3) and the extended lines of the water sprinkling components (33) is thirty-five degrees, the angle between the photovoltaic panels (36) of the middle photovoltaic power generation structure (3) and the extended lines of the water sprinkling components (33) is forty-two degrees, and the angle between the photovoltaic panels (36) of the outer photovoltaic power generation structure (3) and the extended lines of the water sprinkling components (33) is fifty-five degrees.

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