Water and fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulation sowing method and equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a water and fertilizer integrated drought-resistant adjusting sowing method and device.The water and fertilizer integrated drought-resistant adjusting sowing method comprises the following steps that S1, water gathering pits are dug, each water gathering pit is of a bowl-shaped structure, and the water gathering pits are arranged in a rectangular array mode; and S2, uniformly mixing the water retention particles with crop seeds, and applying the mixture into the water gathering pit. According to the method, drought-resistant regulation is formed in the mode that the water gathering pits are matched with the water retention particles, rainwater can gather towards the centers of the water gathering pits, the gathered rainwater is absorbed by the water retention particles, and the water retention particles form a gel structure after absorbing the rainwater and wrap the seeds, so that the effect of slowly releasing the water is achieved, the overflowing water is stored for the growth of the seeds, and the survival rate of the seeds is increased. The resistance to drought climate in the growth process of the seeds is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular relates to a water-fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulating sowing method and equipment. Background Art

[0002] There has been little precipitation in the winter and spring seasons in northern my country over the years, and freshwater resources are scarce in some arid areas, making it impossible to carry out irrigation. Therefore, a rain-fed dryland farming model is usually adopted for planting.

[0003] This results in poor resistance to drought weather when crops are planted in these areas, and the inability to adjust when drought occurs, which greatly affects the yield and quality of crops. Therefore, how to preserve the rainwater in the valley area to the greatest extent and then provide moisture for the subsequent growth of crops has become a problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a water-fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulation sowing method and equipment, which adopts a water-collecting pit and water-retaining particles to form drought-resistant regulation. Rainwater will gather to the center of the water-collecting pit, and the gathered rainwater will be absorbed by the water-retaining particles. After absorbing the rainwater, the water-retaining particles form a gel-like structure and wrap the seeds, thereby achieving the effect of slow-release water, preserving the overflowed water for seed growth, and improving the seed resistance to drought climate during growth.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A water-fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulating sowing method comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Digging a water collection pit, which has a bowl-shaped structure and is arranged in a rectangular array;

[0008] S2. Mix the water-retaining granules and crop seeds evenly and apply them to the water pool;

[0009] The water-retaining particles include, by weight, 80-100 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 50-60 parts of acrylamide, 1-2 parts of N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, 20-30 parts of compound fertilizer, and 5-10 parts of starch;

[0010] The compound fertilizer contains 15-30% nitrogen, 10-20% phosphorus and 5-15% potassium.

[0011] The preparation method of the water-retaining granules comprises the following steps:

[0012] A. Place carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylamide, compound fertilizer and starch in different containers and dissolve them in water;

[0013] B. Mix the aqueous solutions of carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylamide, and compound fertilizer evenly, then add N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, and add the aqueous solution of starch while stirring during the reaction. After the reaction is completed, a water-retaining base liquid is obtained.

[0014] C. Granulate the water-retaining base liquid and then dry it to obtain the water-retaining granules.

[0015] A ditching and seeding mechanism is provided on the frame. The ditching and seeding mechanism includes a storage bin, a feeding assembly, and a ditching shovel. The input end of the feeding assembly is communicated with the storage bin. The storage bin is hinged to the frame and has a degree of freedom of rotation. The rotation direction of the storage bin is opposite to the advancing direction of the vehicle body. The ditching shovel is located on one side of the output end of the feeding assembly. The tip of the ditching shovel faces the rotation direction of the storage bin. The ditching shovel forms a rotation by means of the storage bin and excavates a water-collecting pit on the soil surface. The seeds and water-retaining granules in the storage bin fall into the water-collecting pit by means of the feeding assembly.

[0016] The feeding assembly includes a feeding pipe and a discharge chamber. The input end of the feeding pipe is communicated with the storage bin and forms the input end of the feeding assembly. The feeding pipe extends into the discharge chamber and is communicated with the discharge chamber. The discharge chamber has a degree of freedom of extrusion and expansion. The bottom of the discharge chamber is provided with a discharge hole and forms the output end of the feeding assembly. The seeds in the discharge chamber are discharged along the discharge hole by means of the extrusion of the discharge chamber.

[0017] The discharge chamber includes a fixed plate, a hinged plate, and a sealing cover. The ditching shovel is fixedly connected to the end of the fixed plate. The ditching shovel and the fixed plate are located in the same plane and are arranged in an inclined direction. The feeding pipe passes through the fixed plate and extends into the discharge chamber and is fixedly connected to the fixed plate. The hinged plate is located below the fixed plate, and the hinged end of the hinged plate is hinged to the end of the fixed plate close to the ditching shovel. The free end of the hinged plate is connected to the other end of the fixed plate by a telescopic spring. A through hole is provided on the hinged plate and forms the discharge hole of the discharge chamber. The sealing cover wraps the open side formed by the fixed plate and the hinged plate and jointly forms a triangular prism-shaped discharge chamber. The hinged plate contacts the ground and is extruded to form a rotation. The discharge chamber forms an extrusion by means of the rotation of the hinged plate.

[0018] The feeding pipes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the discharge chamber. The feeding pipes on both sides and the discharge chamber jointly form a "U"-shaped structure. The bottom of the hinged plate is an arc-shaped structure with a middle depression. The seeds enter the discharge chamber along the feeding pipes and gather towards the middle by means of the arc-shaped surface of the hinged plate.

[0019] A stirring rod is also provided in the storage bin. The stirring rod is arranged along the axial direction of the storage bin and the two ends of the stirring rod are fixedly connected to the two sides of the storage bin. A plurality of stirring blades perpendicular to the stirring rod are arranged on the stirring rod along the length direction. The seeds and water-retaining particles in the storage bin are formed into a uniform mixture with the help of the disturbance of the stirring blades.

[0020] A rubber sheet is arranged at the discharge hole, and a slit is arranged on the rubber sheet for seeds to squeeze through.

[0021] The input end of the material conveying pipe is also provided with a stop valve, and the stop valve is in a closed state when the hinged plate contacts the ground.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. The present invention adopts a method of combining a water-collecting pit with water-retaining particles to form drought-resistant regulation. In the traditional sowing process, a sowing ditch is formed, and then the seeds are sown in the sowing ditch. However, this method makes it difficult for rainwater to gather, resulting in a large amount of rainwater waste. The present invention first forms a water-collecting pit, and then puts seeds and water-retaining particles into the water-collecting pit. When it rains, rainwater will gather at the center of the water-collecting pit, and the gathered rainwater will be absorbed by the water-retaining particles. After absorbing the rainwater, the water-retaining particles form a gel-like structure and wrap the seeds, thereby achieving the effect of slow-release of water, preserving the overflowed water for seed growth, and improving the resistance of seeds to drought climate during growth.

[0024] 2. In the present invention, a bowl-shaped water collection pit is formed by the rotation of the trenching shovel. At the same time, since the trenching shovel cannot contact the soil when it rotates to the upper half of the circle, an interval of water collection pits is formed, which improves the excavation efficiency of the water collection pits. At the same time, since the discharge chamber has the freedom of extrusion and expansion, when the discharge chamber extends into the soil, the discharge chamber contracts under the extrusion of the soil, and the seeds and water-retaining particles inside are discharged along the discharge hole, thereby realizing the simultaneous digging and discharging, and improving the sowing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of digging a water collection pit for seeding equipment;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a front structural schematic diagram of the feeding component;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the feeding component;

[0029] Figure 5 is a side sectional view of the feeding assembly;

[0030] In the attached drawings, 1, frame, 2, storage bin, 3, trenching shovel, 4, feed pipe, 5, discharge chamber, 6, discharge hole, 7, fixed plate, 8, hinged plate, 9, sealing cover, 10, stirring rod, 11, stirring sheet, 12, rubber sheet, 13, stop valve, 14, telescopic spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0032] Specific embodiments, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a water-fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulating sowing method, comprising the following steps:

[0033] S1. Digging a water collection pit, which has a bowl-shaped structure and is arranged in a rectangular array;

[0034] S2. Mix the water-retaining granules and crop seeds evenly and apply them to the water pool;

[0035] The water-retaining particles include, by weight, 80-100 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 50-60 parts of acrylamide, 1-2 parts of N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, 20-30 parts of compound fertilizer, and 5-10 parts of starch;

[0036] The compound fertilizer contains 15-30% nitrogen, 10-20% phosphorus and 5-15% potassium.

[0037] In the winter and spring seasons in northern my country, precipitation has been low over the years, and freshwater resources are relatively scarce in some arid areas, making it impossible to carry out irrigation. Therefore, rain-fed dryland farming is usually used for planting. However, the rain-fed dryland farming model has poor resistance to drought weather and has no adjustment ability in drought years, which greatly affects the yield and quality of crops. Therefore, how to preserve the rainwater in the valley area to the greatest extent and then provide water for the subsequent growth of crops has become a problem.

[0038] Therefore, the present invention adopts a method of combining a water-collecting pit with water-retaining particles to form drought-resistant regulation. In the traditional sowing process, a sowing ditch is formed, and then the seeds are sown in the sowing ditch. However, this method makes it difficult for rainwater to gather, resulting in a large amount of rainwater waste. The present invention first forms a water-collecting pit, and then puts seeds and water-retaining particles into the water-collecting pit. When it rains, rainwater will gather to the center of the water-collecting pit, and the gathered rainwater will be absorbed by the water-retaining particles. After absorbing the rainwater, the water-retaining particles form a gel-like structure and wrap the seeds, thereby achieving the effect of slow-release of water, preserving the overflowed water for seed growth, and improving the seed growth process. Resistance to drought climate.

[0039] The preparation method of the water-retaining granules comprises the following steps:

[0040] A. Place carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylamide, compound fertilizer and starch in different containers and dissolve them in water;

[0041] B. Mix carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylamide and the aqueous solution of compound fertilizer evenly, then add N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, add the aqueous solution of starch while stirring during the reaction, and obtain the water-retaining base liquid after the reaction is completed;

[0042] C. Granulate the water-retaining base liquid and then dry it to obtain the water-retaining granules.

[0043] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the frame 1 is provided with a furrowing sowing mechanism, which includes a storage bin 2, a feeding assembly and a furrowing shovel 3. The input end of the feeding assembly is connected with the storage bin 2, the storage bin 2 is hinged to the frame 1 and has the freedom of rotation, the rotation direction of the storage bin 2 is opposite to the forward direction of the vehicle body, the furrowing shovel 3 is located on the output end side of the feeding assembly, and the tip of the furrowing shovel 3 faces the rotation direction of the storage bin 2. The furrowing shovel 3 rotates with the help of the storage bin 2 and digs on the soil surface to form a water collecting pit, and the seeds and water-retaining particles in the storage bin 2 fall into the water collecting pit with the help of the feeding assembly.

[0044] In the present invention, a bowl-shaped water collection pit is formed by the rotation of the trenching shovel 3. At the same time, since the trenching shovel 3 cannot contact the soil when rotating to the upper half of the circle, an interval water collection pit is formed, thereby improving the excavation efficiency of the water collection pit.

[0045] like Figure 1-5 As shown, Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the discharge chamber 5 in an extruded and contracted state, the feed assembly includes a feed pipe 4 and a discharge chamber 5, the input end of the feed pipe 4 is connected with the storage bin 2 and forms the input end of the feed assembly, the feed pipe 4 extends into the discharge chamber 5 and is connected with the discharge chamber 5, the discharge chamber 5 has the freedom of extrusion and expansion, a discharge hole 6 is provided at the bottom of the discharge chamber 5 and forms the output end of the feed assembly, and the seeds in the discharge chamber 5 are discharged along the discharge hole 6 by means of the extrusion of the discharge chamber 5.

[0046] Since the discharge chamber 5 has the freedom of extrusion and expansion, when the discharge chamber 5 extends into the soil, the discharge chamber 5 contracts under the extrusion of the soil, and discharges the seeds and water-retaining particles inside along the discharge hole 6, thereby achieving simultaneous digging and discharging, and improving the sowing efficiency.

[0047] like Figure 1-5As shown, the discharge chamber 5 includes a fixed plate 7, a hinged plate 8, and a sealing cover 9. The ditching shovel 3 is fixedly connected to the end of the fixed plate 7. The ditching shovel 3 and the fixed plate 7 are in the same plane and are arranged in an inclined direction. The feeding pipe 4 passes through the fixed plate 7 and extends into the interior of the discharge chamber 5 and is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 7. The hinged plate 8 is located below the fixed plate 7, and the hinged end of the hinged plate 8 is hinged to the end of the fixed plate 7 close to the ditching shovel 3. The free end of the hinged plate 8 is connected to the other end of the fixed plate 7 by a telescopic spring 14. A through hole is provided on the hinged plate 8 and forms a discharge hole 6 of the discharge chamber 5. The sealing cover 9 wraps the open side formed by the fixed plate 7 and the hinged plate 8 and together forms a triangular prism-shaped discharge chamber 5. The hinged plate 8 contacts the ground and is squeezed to form a rotation, and the discharge chamber 5 forms a squeeze by means of the rotation of the hinged plate 8.

[0048] The seeds and water-retaining particles in the storage bin 2 will enter the discharge chamber 5 along the feeding pipe 4. Since the hinged plate 8 is hinged, when the hinged plate 8 contacts the soil, the hinged plate 8 will rotate towards the fixed plate 7 after being subjected to an external force, so that the volume of the discharge chamber 5 decreases and forms a squeezing contraction. At this time, the seeds and water-retaining particles can only be discharged along the discharge hole 6 and fall into the water-collecting pit. When the excavation of the water-collecting pit is completed and the discharge chamber 5 completely extends out of the soil, the hinged plate 8 will reset under the action of the telescopic spring 14, and the discharge chamber 5 will expand again and fill with materials, waiting for the discharge into the next group of water-collecting pits.

[0049] As Figure 2-3 shown, the feeding pipes 4 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the discharge chamber 5. The feeding pipes 4 on both sides and the discharge chamber 5 together form a "U"-shaped structure. The bottom of the hinged plate 8 is an arc-shaped structure with a middle depression. The seeds enter the discharge chamber 5 along the feeding pipe 4 and gather towards the middle by means of the arc surface of the hinged plate 8. The feeding component in the present invention is in a "U"-shaped structure. The fixed plate 7 and the ditching shovel 3 are in the same plane. When the ditching shovel 3 digs a ditch, it will cut into the soil and form an arc-shaped sheet-like water-collecting channel, and will not keep the soil above the water-collecting pit in place. On the one hand, there is no need to fill the soil later, which reduces the integration of the seeder, makes the structure of the seeder simple, and is convenient for manufacturing and maintenance. On the other hand, a water-collecting channel is formed, and rainwater can more easily seep into the water-collecting pit through the water-collecting channel.

[0050] As Figure 1-2 shown, a stirring rod 10 is further arranged in the storage bin 2. The stirring rod 10 is arranged along the axis direction of the storage bin 2, and both ends of the stirring rod 10 are fixedly connected to both sides of the storage bin 2. A plurality of groups of stirring blades 11 perpendicular to the stirring rod 10 are arranged along the length direction of the stirring rod 10. The seeds and water-retaining particles in the storage bin 2 form a uniform mixture by means of the disturbance of the stirring blades 11.

[0051] The storage bin 2 will drive the stirring rod 10 and the stirring blade 11 to rotate together during the rotation process. The rotation of the stirring rod 10 and the stirring blade 11 will stir the seeds and water-retaining particles in the storage bin 2 and form a uniform mixture, thereby ensuring that the number of seeds and water-retaining particles in each group of water accumulation pits is roughly the same.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, a rubber sheet 12 is provided at the discharge hole 6, and a slit is provided on the rubber sheet 12 for the seeds to squeeze through. When the discharge chamber 5 is in an expanded state, the seeds and water-retaining particles in the discharge chamber 5 cannot be squeezed through the slit of the rubber sheet 12 due to insufficient pressure. When the discharge chamber 5 is in a contracted state, the internal space of the discharge chamber 5 is reduced, and the extrusion force on the seeds and the water-retaining particles is increased, so that they can be squeezed through the slit of the rubber sheet 12, ensuring that when the hinged plate 8 is not in contact with the soil, that is, when the discharge chamber 5 is in an expanded state, the seeds and the water-retaining particles will not be thrown out.

[0053] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, a stop valve 13 is also provided at the input end of the feed pipe 4. When the hinged plate 8 is in contact with the ground, the stop valve 13 is in a closed state. When the discharge chamber 5 is in a contracted state, the setting of the stop valve 13 can prevent the seeds and water-retaining particles from flowing back along the input end of the feed pipe 4, ensuring that the seeds and water-retaining particles can only be discharged along the discharge hole 6.

Claims

1. A water-fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulating sowing method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Digging a water collection pit, which has a bowl-shaped structure and is arranged in a rectangular array; S2. Mix the water-retaining granules and crop seeds evenly and apply them to the water pool; The water-retaining particles include, by weight, 80-100 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 50-60 parts of acrylamide, 1-2 parts of N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, 20-30 parts of compound fertilizer, and 5-10 parts of starch; The compound fertilizer contains 15-30% nitrogen, 10-20% phosphorus and 5-15% potassium.

2. A water-fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulating sowing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the water-retaining granules comprises the following steps: A. Place carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylamide, compound fertilizer and starch in different containers and dissolve them in water; B. Mix carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylamide and the aqueous solution of compound fertilizer evenly, then add N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, add the aqueous solution of starch while stirring during the reaction, and obtain the water-retaining base liquid after the reaction is completed; C. Granulate the water-retaining base liquid and then dry it to obtain the water-retaining granules.

3. A device for the water-fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulating sowing method according to claim 1, comprising a frame (1) and a vehicle body that pulls the frame (1) forward, characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with a furrowing sowing mechanism, which comprises a storage bin (2), a feeding assembly and a furrowing shovel (3). The input end of the feeding assembly is connected to the storage bin (2). The storage bin (2) is hinged to the frame (1) and has a degree of freedom of rotation. The rotation direction of the storage bin (2) is opposite to the forward direction of the vehicle body. The furrowing shovel (3) is located on one side of the output end of the feeding assembly. The tip of the furrowing shovel (3) faces the rotation direction of the storage bin (2). The furrowing shovel (3) rotates with the help of the storage bin (2) and digs a water collection pit on the soil surface. The seeds and water-retaining particles in the storage bin (2) fall into the water collection pit with the help of the feeding assembly.

4. The water-fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulating sowing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feed delivery component comprises a feed delivery pipe (4) and a discharge chamber (5); the input end of the feed delivery pipe (4) is connected to the storage bin (2) and forms the input end of the feed delivery component; the feed delivery pipe (4) extends into the discharge chamber (5) and is connected to the discharge chamber (5); the discharge chamber (5) has the freedom of extrusion and expansion; a discharge hole (6) is provided at the bottom of the discharge chamber (5) and forms the output end of the feed delivery component; the seeds in the discharge chamber (5) are discharged along the discharge hole (6) by means of the extrusion of the discharge chamber (5).

5. The water-fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulating sowing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge chamber (5) includes a fixed plate (7), a hinged plate (8) and a sealing cover (9). The ditching shovel (3) is fixedly connected to the end of the fixed plate (7). The ditching shovel (3) and the fixed plate (7) are in the same plane and arranged in an inclined direction. The feed pipe (4) passes through the fixed plate (7) and extends into the interior of the discharge chamber (5) and is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (7). The hinged plate (8) is located below the fixed plate (7), and the hinged end of the hinged plate (8) is hinged to the end of the fixed plate (7) close to the ditching shovel (3). The free end of the hinged plate (8) is connected to the other end of the fixed plate (7) by a telescopic spring (14). A through hole is provided on the hinged plate (8) to form a discharge hole (6) of the discharge chamber (5). The sealing cover (9) wraps the open side formed by the fixed plate (7) and the hinged plate (8) and together forms a triangular prism-shaped discharge chamber (5). The hinged plate (8) contacts the ground and is extruded to form rotation, and the discharge chamber (5) forms extrusion by the rotation of the hinged plate (8).

6. The water-fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulating sowing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed pipes (4) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the discharge chamber (5). The feed pipes (4) on both sides and the discharge chamber (5) together form a "U"-shaped structure. The bottom of the hinged plate (8) is an arc-shaped structure with a middle depression. Seeds enter the discharge chamber (5) along the feed pipes (4) and gather towards the middle by means of the arc surface of the hinged plate (8).

7. The water-fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulating sowing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A stirring rod (10) is further arranged in the storage bin (2). The stirring rod is arranged along the axis direction of the storage bin, and both ends of the stirring rod are fixedly connected to both sides of the storage bin. A plurality of groups of stirring blades (11) perpendicular to the stirring rod (10) are arranged along the length direction of the stirring rod (10). The seeds and water-retaining particles in the storage bin (2) form a uniform mixture by the disturbance of the stirring blades (11).

8. The water-fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulating sowing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rubber sheet (12) is arranged at the discharge hole (6). The rubber sheet (12) is provided with gaps for the seeds to be extruded through.

9. The water-fertilizer integrated drought-resistant regulating sowing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A cut-off valve (13) is further arranged at the input end of the feed pipe (4). The cut-off valve (13) is in a closed state when the hinged plate (8) contacts the ground.

Images