An integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization, which relates to the technical field of waste incineration fly ash treatment, and aims to solve the technical problems of resource loss and limited efficiency caused by the complex process of the current separation system, including a desalination and dust removal mechanism, the output end of which is connected to a flue gas deacidification mechanism. The present invention designs a controller and a second separator so that the device can process a high-temperature solution in a first inner tank, and can simultaneously perform a cooling treatment during the discharge process of the second inner tank, while performing a low-temperature treatment on the liquid in the first inner tank, thereby avoiding excessive resource loss when maintaining a low-temperature state in the first inner tank. At the same time, the above steps can be achieved by adjusting the bidirectional operation of the driver, thereby reducing the difficulty of using the device and ensuring the efficiency of processing sodium-potassium salt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste incineration fly ash treatment, and more specifically to an integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, people's quality of life is getting better and better, and a large amount of waste incineration fly ash is generated. There are two commonly used methods for treating waste incineration fly ash: one is to use waste incineration fly ash landfill technology. However, with the gradual reduction of urban land, people are also looking for alternatives to waste incineration fly ash landfill technology; the other method is to burn domestic waste incineration fly ash. Domestic waste incineration fly ash produces a large amount of toxic gas during incineration, and domestic waste incineration fly ash has a wide variety of types, and the density, shape, chemical properties, and melting effects of the combustibles are different. Therefore, many combustibles cannot be fully melted in ordinary incineration methods, and a large amount of black smoke and harmful gases are generated when they are not completely melted, polluting the atmosphere and endangering human health. At the same time, the waste incineration fly ash produced is rich in harmful substances such as dioxins and heavy metals. Melting treatment can decompose dioxins in fly ash and solidify most heavy metals.

[0003] When melting waste incineration fly ash, flue gas is generated and discharged. The flue gas often contains a lot of sodium chloride and potassium chloride. Currently, sodium chloride crystals are extracted by heating the exhaust gas, and then the remaining solution needs to be treated at low temperature. Both of the above steps need to be coordinated by a centrifuge or filter. However, the above steps are complicated to operate, and the centrifuge or filter is repeatedly subjected to alternating hot and cold treatments. On the one hand, it will cause a large amount of heat and cold air to be lost, which will lead to resource loss when separating sodium-potassium salts. On the other hand, the complex operation method will limit the efficiency of separating sodium-potassium salts. In view of this, we propose an integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for resource utilization of waste incineration fly ash water washing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization, so as to solve the technical problems of the current separation system with complex procedures resulting in resource loss and limited efficiency.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a sodium-potassium salt separation integrated system for waste incineration fly ash water washing resource utilization, comprising a desalting and dust removal mechanism, the output end of the desalting and dust removal mechanism is connected to a flue gas deacidification mechanism, the output end of the flue gas deacidification mechanism is connected to an evaporation and crystallization mechanism, the output end of the evaporation and crystallization mechanism is connected to the input end of an integrated separation mechanism, and the input end of the integrated separation mechanism is connected to the output end of a cooling mechanism; The integrated separation mechanism comprises a bracket assembly and a separation assembly, wherein the bracket assembly is arranged outside the separation assembly; The output end of the evaporation and crystallization mechanism and the output end of the cooling mechanism are both connected to the separation component.

[0006] The present invention can process the high-temperature solution in the first inner tank and cool it down during the drainage process, and the liquid is processed at a low temperature in the first inner tank, thereby avoiding excessive loss of resources when maintaining the low-temperature state in the first inner tank. At the same time, the above steps can be achieved only by adjusting the bidirectional operation of the driver, thereby reducing the difficulty of using the device and ensuring the efficiency of processing sodium potassium salt.

[0007] Preferably, the bracket assembly includes a bracket, a mounting frame is provided on the top of the bracket, an adjuster is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame, the bottom end of the adjuster passes through the mounting frame and is transmission-connected to the top end of the telescope, a top plate is tightly welded to the bottom end of the telescope, a base frame is fixedly connected inside the bracket, and the top of the base frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driver.

[0008] Preferably, the separation assembly comprises a first separator, a controller is rotatably connected inside the first separator, a connecting cylinder is arranged outside the controller, a plurality of cleaners are arranged outside the connecting cylinder, the tops of the plurality of cleaners are fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner wall of the first separator, the upper part of the first separator is fixedly connected to the second separator, the second separator and the first separator are both hinged with door panels, and a centrifuge is rotatably connected inside the second separator; The first separator and the second separator are both fixedly connected to the bracket, the lower part of the top plate is connected to the upper part of the second separator, and the output end of the driver is transmission-connected to the bottom end of the controller.

[0009] Preferably, the first separator includes a first outer tube, a connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the inside of the first outer tube, the connecting sleeve is clamped on the outside of the first inner shell, two limiting grooves are provided on the outside of the first inner shell, the connecting sleeve is clamped in the two limiting grooves, a plurality of through holes are provided on the outside of the first inner shell, the first inner shell is connected to the connecting sleeve through the plurality of through holes, and a sealing groove is provided in the inside of the first inner shell.

[0010] Preferably, the sealing groove is hinged with a plurality of sealing plates through a pin shaft, a coil spring is arranged outside the plurality of pin shafts, the inner wall of the first liner is fixedly connected with the inclined plate, the inclined plate is annular, and a connecting pipe is fixedly connected outside the connecting sleeve; The top of the first outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second separator, the controller is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the first outer cylinder, the connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the first outer cylinder, and the other end of the connecting tube is connected to the second separator.

[0011] Preferably, the controller comprises a driving shaft, the top end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the telescopic rod, a spring is arranged outside the telescopic rod, the bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected to the outside of the driving shaft, the top ends of the telescopic rod and the spring are fixedly connected to the bottom of the same docking joint, a plurality of first elastic telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the outside of the driving shaft, the other ends of the plurality of first elastic telescopic rods are fixedly connected to a card block, the other ends of the plurality of card blocks are arranged with an oblique groove, and the oblique groove is an arc surface; The bottom end of the driving shaft passes through the first outer cylinder and is drivingly connected to the top end of the driver, and the shape of the clamping block is matched with the shape of the limiting block arranged in the connecting cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaner comprises a mounting plate, one side of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to one end corresponding to the second elastic telescopic rod, the other end of the second elastic telescopic rod passes through a counterweight block and is fixedly connected to one side of the scraper, and the counterweight block is connected to the scraper; The mounting plate is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner wall of the first outer cylinder, and the shape of the scraper is adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the first inner container.

[0013] Preferably, the second separator comprises a sealing cover, the bottom of the sealing cover is fixedly connected to the tops of the plurality of cleaning plates, the corresponding two cleaning plates are fixedly connected via a drainage plate, the sealing cover is clamped on the top of the second outer cylinder, a partition is clamped on the bottom of the second outer cylinder, a docking block is clamped in the partition via a bearing, and a docking groove is provided on the bottom of the docking block; The shape of the docking groove matches the shape of the docking joint, the centrifuge is fixedly connected above the docking block, the cleaning plate and the drain plate overlap the outer wall of the centrifuge, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the second outer cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the centrifuge comprises a liquid guide plate, the liquid guide plate is circular, a plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the top of the liquid guide plate, and a plurality of mounting grooves are provided on one side of the inner wall thereof, a plurality of mounting blocks are clamped in the plurality of mounting grooves, the tops of the plurality of mounting blocks are fixedly connected to the bottom of the same second liner, the second liner is clamped on the top of the liquid guide plate, and the mounting blocks are adapted to the shapes of the mounting grooves and the assembly grooves; The lower part of the liquid guide plate is fixedly connected to the upper part of the docking block, and the second inner tank and the first inner tank are both filter barrels.

[0015] A method for using an integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization, comprising the following steps: S1. The incineration flue gas discharged from the exhaust port of the waste incineration fly ash melting treatment device is transmitted to the desalting and dust removal mechanism through a pipeline, and desalting, denitrifying and dust removal are performed through a filter screen, and the filtered flue gas is passed into the flue gas deacidification mechanism for spray deacidification, so that the sodium salt and potassium salt are dissolved in water, and then the tail gas is discharged, and then further processed by the evaporation crystallization mechanism. In the high-temperature evaporation stage, sodium chloride first reaches saturation and crystallizes out, and the crystallized sodium chloride is separated from the solid by a centrifuge or a filter to obtain sodium chloride crystals and the remaining solution. The solution, i.e., the crystals, is injected into the integrated separation mechanism, preliminarily centrifuged to separate the sodium chloride and the solution, and then a secondary cooling treatment is performed in the integrated separation mechanism, so that the solution reaches the saturation state of potassium chloride and potassium chloride crystals are precipitated, and after the centrifugation treatment, it can be dried to obtain the final product sodium potassium salt; S2, when processing sodium chloride crystals, the liquid in the evaporation crystallizer is discharged. Since the liquid is in a high temperature state when it is discharged from the evaporation crystallization mechanism, and the discharged liquid will directly enter the second inner tank, the driver is operated counterclockwise, so that the upper second inner tank rotates synchronously with the docking head and the docking block. At this time, the liquid contact surface of the liquid is increased by the discharge plate and the cleaning plate in the second outer cylinder to reduce the liquid temperature. Subsequently, after the second inner tank separates the liquid and the sodium chloride crystals, the liquid will enter the first inner tank along the connecting pipe and the connecting sleeve. When processing potassium chloride crystals, the driver needs to be started clockwise so that the driver drives the drive shaft to rotate clockwise. At this time, the cross-section on the other side of the block will be connected to the plane of the block in the connecting tube. At this time, the drive shaft will drive the connecting tube to rotate, so that the first inner tank rotates at a high speed while the low-temperature cold air of the cooling mechanism is continuously injected, thereby reducing the liquid temperature while making the solution reach a saturated state of potassium chloride to precipitate potassium chloride crystals, and the potassium chloride crystals will be retained in the first inner tank after centrifugal treatment; S2.1. When processing sodium chloride crystals, the driver is started counterclockwise. At this time, the driver will drive the drive shaft to rotate counterclockwise. When rotating counterclockwise, the block will pull the first elastic telescopic rod driven by centrifugal force, so that the first telescopic rod is gradually extended. However, when the block contacts the limit block in the connecting tube, it is an inclined groove contact. Therefore, the block will squeeze the limit block in the connecting tube through the inclined groove, and will not drive the connecting tube and the first inner liner to rotate. At the same time, when rotating counterclockwise, the docking joint and the docking groove in the docking block are docked, and stable docking is completed under the compression of the spring, so that the second inner liner is synchronously in a counterclockwise rotating state. Due to the rotation of the second inner liner, the liquid entering the second inner liner will be filtered under the action of centrifugal force, so that the crystals in the liquid are filtered by the second inner liner and retained in the second inner liner, and the liquid will flow out and enter the connecting pipes on both sides as the second inner liner rotates; S2.2. When processing potassium chloride crystals, the driver needs to be started clockwise so that the driver drives the drive shaft to rotate clockwise. At this time, the arc surface above the joint will contact the arc surface in the docking groove, and the friction of the arc surface is insufficient to drive the docking block to rotate, so that the joint is squeezed and the telescopic rod is pushed to continuously contract and reset under the spring force, and so on. At the same time, when the block drives the connecting tube to rotate, it will also drive the first inner liner to rotate synchronously, so that the first inner liner adjusts the position of the sealing plate through the rotational centrifugal force when rotating. Since a counterweight plate is used on one side of the sealing plate, the sealing plate will fit with the sealing groove along with the pin shaft, thereby sealing the through hole.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention realizes the processing of sodium chloride crystals and potassium chloride crystals in batches by designing a first separator, a controller and a second separator, so that the device can process the high-temperature solution in the first inner tank, and can simultaneously perform cooling treatment during the drainage process of the second inner tank, and perform low-temperature treatment on the liquid in the first inner tank, thereby avoiding excessive loss of resources when maintaining the low-temperature state in the first inner tank. At the same time, the above steps can be achieved only by adjusting the two-way operation of the driver, thereby reducing the difficulty of using the device and ensuring the efficiency of processing sodium potassium salts.

[0017] 2. The present invention also designs a controller, a second separator and a centrifuge. When processing sodium chloride crystals, the driver is started counterclockwise. At this time, the driver will drive the drive shaft to rotate counterclockwise. When rotating counterclockwise, the block will pull the first elastic telescopic rod driven by centrifugal force, so that the first telescopic rod gradually extends. However, when the block contacts the limit block in the connecting tube, it is an inclined groove contact. Therefore, the block will squeeze the limit block in the connecting tube through the inclined groove, and will not drive the connecting tube and the first inner liner to rotate. At the same time, when rotating counterclockwise, the docking head and the docking groove in the docking block are docked, and stable docking is completed under the compression of the spring, so that the second inner liner is synchronously in the counterclockwise rotation. In the clockwise rotating state, due to the rotation of the second inner liner, the liquid entering the second inner liner will be filtered under the action of centrifugal force, so that the crystals in the liquid are filtered and retained in the second inner liner, and the liquid will flow out and enter the connecting pipes on both sides as the second inner liner rotates, and will fully contact with the cleaning plate and the drain plate during the liquid discharge process, so that the device can improve the efficiency of liquid discharge by counterclockwise driving when in use, and can clean the surface of the second inner liner by the cleaning plate and the drain plate, while increasing the contact area of ​​the liquid with the cleaning plate and the drain plate when it flows out, further reducing the temperature of the liquid entering the first inner liner.

[0018] 3. The present invention also designs the first separator and the controller. When processing potassium chloride crystals, the driver needs to be started clockwise so that the driver drives the drive shaft to rotate clockwise. At this time, the arc surface above the docking joint will contact the arc surface in the docking groove, and the friction of the arc surface is insufficient to drive the docking block to rotate, so that the docking joint is squeezed and the telescopic rod is pushed to continuously contract and reset under the spring elastic force, and so on. At the same time, when the block drives the connecting tube to rotate, it will synchronously drive the first inner liner to rotate, so that the first inner liner adjusts the position of the sealing plate through the rotating centrifugal force during rotation. Due to the sealing plate, A counterweight plate is used on the side, so the sealing plate will fit with the sealing groove along with the pin shaft, thereby sealing the through hole, so that the device can effectively prevent the liquid from flowing back during the liquid treatment process, and because the scraper is fitted in the first inner tank and the position of the scraper remains unchanged when the first inner tank rotates, on the one hand, the scraper can ensure the cleaning effect of the scraper on the inside of the first inner tank and avoid crystal adhesion affecting the subsequent filtering effect. On the other hand, the scraper can stir the liquid in the first inner tank and accelerate the separation of crystals in the liquid, thereby improving the efficiency of the separation treatment of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated separation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first separator of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a first separator of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the controller structure of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the second separator of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the docking block structure of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the centrifuge structure of the present invention.

[0020] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1. Desalination and dust removal mechanism; 2. Flue gas deacidification mechanism; 3. Evaporation and crystallization mechanism; 4. Integrated separation mechanism; 5. Cooling mechanism; 401, bracket assembly; 402, separation assembly; 401a, bracket; 401b, mounting frame; 401c, adjuster; 401d, telescope; 401e, top plate; 401f, bottom frame; 401g, driver; 402a, first separator; 402b, controller; 402c, connecting tube; 402d, cleaner; 402e, second separator; 402f, door panel; 402g, centrifuge; 402a-1, first outer tube; 402a-2, connecting sleeve; 402a-3, first inner liner; 402a-4, limiting groove; 402a-5, through hole; 402a-6, sealing plate; 402a-7, pin shaft; 402a-8, coil spring; 402a-9, connecting pipe; 402a-10, sealing groove; 402a-11, inclined plate; 402b-1, driving shaft; 402b-2, telescopic rod; 402b-3, spring; 402b-4, docking joint; 402b-5, first elastic telescopic rod; 402b-6, clamping block; 402b-7, inclined groove; 402d-1, mounting plate; 402d-2, second elastic telescopic rod; 402d-3, counterweight block; 402d-4, scraper; 402e-1, sealing cover; 402e-2, cleaning plate; 402e-3, drain plate; 402e-4, partition plate; 402e-5, docking block; 402e-6, docking groove; 402e-7, second outer cylinder; 402g-1, liquid guide plate; 402g-2, mounting groove; 402g-3, assembly groove; 402g-4, mounting block; 402g-5, second liner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, the present invention relates to an integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing resource utilization, comprising a desalination and dust removal mechanism 1, the output end of the desalination and dust removal mechanism 1 is connected to a flue gas deacidification mechanism 2, the output end of the flue gas deacidification mechanism 2 is connected to an evaporation and crystallization mechanism 3, the output end of the evaporation and crystallization mechanism 3 is connected to the input end of an integrated separation mechanism 4, the input end of the integrated separation mechanism 4 is connected to the output end of a cooling mechanism 5, the integrated separation mechanism 4 comprises a support assembly 401 and a separation assembly 402, the support assembly 401 is arranged outside the separation assembly 402, the output end of the evaporation and crystallization mechanism 3 and the output end of the cooling mechanism 5 are both connected to the separation assembly 402, through the design The first separator 402a, the controller 402b and the second separator 402e can realize the processing of sodium chloride crystals and potassium chloride crystals in batches, so that the device can process the high-temperature solution in the first inner tank 402a-3, and can simultaneously perform cooling treatment during the discharge process of the second inner tank 402g-5, and perform low-temperature treatment on the liquid in the first inner tank 402a-3, so as to avoid excessive loss of resources when maintaining the low-temperature state in the first inner tank 402a-3. At the same time, the above steps can be achieved only by adjusting the two-way operation of the driver 401g, thereby reducing the difficulty of using the device and ensuring the efficiency of processing sodium potassium salts.

[0022] In the embodiment of the present invention, the bracket assembly 401 includes a bracket 401a, a mounting frame 401b is provided on the top of the bracket 401a, an adjuster 401c is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame 401b, the bottom end of the adjuster 401c passes through the mounting frame 401b and is transmission-connected to the top end of the telescope 401d, a top plate 401e is tightly welded to the bottom end of the telescope 401d, a base frame 401f is fixedly connected inside the bracket 401a, the top of the base frame 401f is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driver 401g, and the separation assembly 402 includes a first separator 402a, a controller 402b is rotatably connected inside the first separator 402a, a connecting tube 402c is provided outside the controller 402b, and a plurality of cleaning devices are provided outside the connecting tube 402c. The top of the plurality of cleaners 402d is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the first separator 402a, the top of the first separator 402a is fixedly connected to the second separator 402e, the second separator 402e and the first separator 402a are hinged with door panels 402f, the second separator 402e is rotatably connected with a centrifuge 402g, the first separator 402a and the second separator 402e are fixedly connected to the bracket 401a, the bottom of the top plate 401e is connected to the top of the second separator 402e, the output end of the driver 401g is transmission-connected to the bottom end of the controller 402b, and by designing the first separator 402a and the controller 402b, when processing potassium chloride crystals, it is necessary to start clockwise. The driver 401g is driven, so that the driver 401g drives the driving shaft 402b-1 to rotate clockwise. At this time, the arc surface above the docking joint 402b-4 will contact the arc surface in the docking groove 402e-6, and the friction of the arc surface is insufficient to drive the docking block 402e-5 to rotate, so that the docking joint 402b-4 is squeezed and pushes the telescopic rod 402b-2 to continue to shrink and reset under the elastic force of the spring 402b-3, and so on. At the same time, the block 402b-6 drives the connecting tube 402c to rotate, which will synchronously drive the first inner liner 402a-3 to rotate, so that the first inner liner 402a-3 adjusts the position of the sealing plate 402a-6 through the rotating centrifugal force during rotation. Since a counterweight is used on one side of the sealing plate 402a-6 The plate is set, so the sealing plate 402a-6 will fit with the sealing groove 402a-10 along with the pin shaft 402a-7, thereby sealing the through hole 402a-5, so that the device can effectively prevent the liquid from flowing back during the liquid treatment process, and because the scraper 402d-4 fits in the first inner liner 402a-3, and the position of the scraper 402d-4 remains unchanged when the first inner liner 402a-3 rotates, on the one hand, the scraper 402d-4 can ensure the cleaning effect of the scraper 402d-4 on the inside of the first inner liner 402a-3, and avoid crystal adhesion and affect the subsequent filtering effect. On the other hand, the scraper 402d-4 can stir the liquid in the first inner liner 402a-3, and accelerate the separation of crystals in the liquid.This improves the efficiency of the separation process in the device.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first separator 402a includes a first outer tube 402a-1, a connecting sleeve 402a-2 is fixedly connected to the inside of the first outer tube 402a-1, the connecting sleeve 402a-2 is clamped on the outside of the first inner liner 402a-3, two limiting grooves 402a-4 are provided on the outside of the first inner liner 402a-3, the connecting sleeve 402a-2 is clamped in the two limiting grooves 402a-4, a plurality of through holes 402a-5 are provided on the outside of the first inner liner 402a-3, and the first The inner liner 402a-3 is connected to the connecting sleeve 402a-2 through a plurality of through holes 402a-5. A sealing groove 402a-10 is provided in the first inner liner 402a-3. The sealing groove 402a-10 is hinged with a plurality of sealing plates 402a-6 through a pin shaft 402a-7. A coil spring 402a-8 is provided outside the plurality of pin shafts 402a-7. The inner wall of the first inner liner 402a-3 is fixedly connected to the inclined plate 402a-11. The inclined plate 402a-11 is an annular The connecting sleeve 402a-2 is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe 402a-9. The upper part of the first outer cylinder 402a-1 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the second separator 402e. The controller 402b is rotatably connected to the lower part of the inner wall of the first outer cylinder 402a-1. The connecting cylinder 402c is fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner wall of the first outer cylinder 402a-1. The other end of the connecting pipe 402a-9 is connected to the second separator 402e. By setting the limiting groove 402a-4 and the connecting sleeve 402a- 2, so that when the first inner liner 402a-3 is in a high-speed rotation state, the connecting sleeve 402a-2 will maintain a relative position in the limiting groove 402a-4. On the one hand, the connecting sleeve 402a-2 can reinforce the position of the first inner liner 402a-3 through the limiting groove 402a-4 to avoid the first inner liner 402a-3 from being offset or misplaced. On the other hand, it ensures the connection effect between the connecting tube 402a-9 and the second outer tube 402e-7 and the first inner liner 402a-3.

[0024] The scraper 402d-4 can be provided to clean the interior of the first inner container 402a-3 on the one hand, and to enhance the stirring effect of the liquid in the first inner container 402a-3 on the other hand.

[0025] As another embodiment of the present invention, the controller 402b includes a driving shaft 402b-1, the top end of the driving shaft 402b-1 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the telescopic rod 402b-2, a spring 402b-3 is arranged outside the telescopic rod 402b-2, the bottom end of the spring 402b-3 is fixedly connected to the outside of the driving shaft 402b-1, the top ends of the telescopic rod 402b-2 and the spring 402b-3 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the same docking joint 402b-4, and a plurality of first elastic telescopic rods 402b-5 are fixedly connected to the outside of the driving shaft 402b-1, and the other ends of the plurality of first elastic telescopic rods 402b-5 are all A clamping block 402b-6 is fixedly connected, and the other ends of several clamping blocks 402b-6 are all provided with an inclined groove 402b-7, and the inclined groove 402b-7 is an arc surface. The bottom end of the driving shaft 402b-1 passes through the first outer cylinder 402a-1 and is transmission-connected with the top end of the driver 401g. The shape of the clamping block 402b-6 is adapted to the shape of the limit block provided in the connecting cylinder 402c. The cleaner 402d includes a mounting plate 402d-1, and one side of the mounting plate 402d-1 is fixedly connected to the corresponding end of the second elastic telescopic rod 402d-2. The other end of the second elastic telescopic rod 402d-2 passes through the counterweight block. The counterweight 402d-3 is fixedly connected to one side of the scraper 402d-4, the counterweight 402d-3 is connected to the scraper 402d-4, the mounting plate 402d-1 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner wall of the first outer cylinder 402a-1, the shape of the scraper 402d-4 is adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the first inner liner 402a-3, and since the mounting groove 402g-2 and the assembly groove 402g-3 are provided above the liquid guide plate 402g-1, when the second inner liner 402g-5 rotates counterclockwise, the liquid guide plate 402g-1 will also rotate counterclockwise accordingly. At this time, under the action of centrifugal force, the second inner liner 402g-5 is initially rotated. During acceleration, it is in a relatively static state, so that the mounting block 402g-4 slides in the mounting groove 402g-2 and moves into the assembly groove 402g-3. At this time, the liquid guide plate 402g-1 and the second inner liner 402g-5 complete the first assembly, ensuring that the liquid guide plate 402g-1 and the second inner liner 402g-5 are in a tightly connected state when the liquid guide plate 402g-1 continues to rotate, and when disassembling, the mounting block 402g-4 can be separated from the assembly groove 402g-3 by rotating the second inner liner 402g-5 in the opposite direction, which ensures the assembly stability while reducing the difficulty of disassembling the second inner liner 402g-5.

[0026] By bidirectionally adjusting the running direction of the driver 401g, the difficulty of using the device is reduced, and the space occupied when multiple devices are used is saved.

[0027] As another embodiment of the present invention, the second separator 402e includes a sealing cover 402e-1, the bottom of the sealing cover 402e-1 is fixedly connected to the top of a plurality of cleaning plates 402e-2, and the corresponding two cleaning plates 402e-2 are fixedly connected through a drainage plate 402e-3, the sealing cover 402e-1 is clamped on the top of the second outer cylinder 402e-7, the bottom of the second outer cylinder 402e-7 is clamped with a partition 402e-4, and a docking block 402e-5 is clamped in the partition 402e-4 through a bearing, and a docking groove 402e-6 is provided below the docking block 402e-5, and the shape of the docking groove 402e-6 is adapted to the shape of the docking joint 402b-4, and the centrifuge 402g is fixedly connected to the docking block 4 02e-5, the cleaning plate 402e-2 and the drain plate 402e-3 are overlapped with the outer wall of the centrifuge 402g, the other end of the connecting pipe 402a-9 is connected to the second outer cylinder 402e-7, the centrifuge 402g includes a liquid guide plate 402g-1, the liquid guide plate 402g-1 is circular, a plurality of mounting grooves 402g-2 are opened on the top of the liquid guide plate 402g-1, and a plurality of mounting grooves 402g-2 are opened on one side of the inner wall thereof, a plurality of mounting blocks 402g-4 are clamped in the plurality of mounting grooves 402g-2, the upper parts of the plurality of mounting blocks 402g-4 are fixedly connected to the lower part of the same second inner liner 402g-5, and the second inner liner 402g-5 is clamped on Above the liquid guide plate 402g-1, the mounting block 402g-4 is adapted to the shape of the mounting groove 402g-2 and the assembly groove 402g-3. The bottom of the liquid guide plate 402g-1 is fixedly connected to the top of the docking block 402e-5. The second inner tank 402g-5 and the first inner tank 402a-3 are both filter barrels. By designing the controller 402b, the second separator 402e and the centrifuge 402g, when processing sodium chloride crystals, the driver 401g is started counterclockwise. At this time, the driver 401g will drive the drive shaft 402b-1 to rotate counterclockwise. When rotating counterclockwise, the block 402b-6 will pull the first elastic telescopic rod 402b-5 driven by the centrifugal force, so that the first telescopic rod 402b- 2 gradually extends, however, when the block 402b-6 contacts the limit block in the connecting tube 402c, it contacts the inclined groove 402b-7. Therefore, the block 402b-6 will squeeze the limit block in the connecting tube 402c through the inclined groove 402b-7, and will not drive the connecting tube 402c and the first inner liner 402a-3 to rotate. At the same time, when rotating counterclockwise, the docking head 402b-4 and the docking groove 402e-6 in the docking block 402e-5 are docked, and stable docking is completed under the squeezing of the spring 402b-3, so that the second inner liner 402g-5 is synchronously in a counterclockwise rotating state. Due to the rotation of the second inner liner 402g-5, the liquid entering the second inner liner 402g-5 is filtered under the action of centrifugal force.The crystals in the liquid are filtered by the second inner liner 402g-5 and retained in the second inner liner 402g-5, while the liquid will flow out and enter the connecting pipes 402a-9 on both sides as the second inner liner 402g-5 rotates. In the process of liquid discharge, it will fully contact with the cleaning plate 402e-2 and the drainage plate 402e-3, so that the device can improve the efficiency of liquid discharge by rotating counterclockwise when in use, and the surface of the second inner liner 402g-5 can be cleaned by the cleaning plate 402e-2 and the drainage plate 402e-3, while increasing the contact surface of the liquid with the cleaning plate 402e-2 and the drainage plate 402e-3 when the liquid flows out, further reducing the temperature of the liquid entering the first inner liner 402a-3.

[0028] Working principle: This embodiment provides an integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing resource utilization. When in use, the incineration flue gas discharged from the exhaust port of the waste incineration fly ash melting treatment device is transmitted to the desalting and dust removal mechanism 1 through a pipeline, and desalination, denitrification and dust removal are carried out through a filter, and the filtered flue gas is passed into the flue gas deacidification mechanism 2 for spray deacidification, so that the sodium salt and potassium salt are dissolved in the water, and then the tail gas is discharged, and then further processed by the evaporation crystallization mechanism 3. In the high-temperature evaporation section, sodium chloride first reaches saturation and crystallizes out. The crystallized sodium chloride is separated from the solid by a centrifuge or a filter to obtain sodium chloride crystals and the remaining solution. The solution, i.e., the crystals, is injected into the integrated separation mechanism 4 for preliminary centrifugation to separate the sodium chloride and the solution. Then, a secondary cooling treatment is carried out in the integrated separation mechanism 4, so that the solution reaches the saturated state of potassium chloride and potassium chloride crystals are precipitated. After centrifugation, it can be dried to obtain the final product sodium-potassium salt; When processing sodium chloride crystals, the liquid in the evaporation crystallizer is discharged. Since the liquid is in a high temperature state when discharged from the evaporation crystallization mechanism 3, and the discharged liquid will directly enter the second inner tank 402g-5, by running the driver 401g counterclockwise, the upper second inner tank 402g-5 rotates synchronously with the docking joint 402b-4 and the docking block 402e-5. At this time, the liquid contact surface of the liquid is increased by the discharge plate 402e-3 and the cleaning plate 402e-2 in the second outer cylinder 402e-7, and the liquid temperature is reduced. Subsequently, after the second inner tank 402g-5 completes the separation of the liquid and the sodium chloride crystals, the liquid will enter along the connecting pipe 402a-9 and the connecting sleeve 402a-2. In the first inner liner 402a-3, when processing potassium chloride crystals, the driver 401g needs to be started clockwise, so that the driver 401g drives the drive shaft 402b-1 to rotate clockwise. At this time, the cross-section of the other side of the block 402b-6 will be docked with the plane of the block 402b-6 in the connecting tube 402c. At this time, the drive shaft 402b-1 will drive the connecting tube 402c to rotate, so that the first inner liner 402a-3 rotates at a high speed while the low-temperature cold air of the cooling mechanism 5 is continuously injected, thereby reducing the liquid temperature and making the solution reach a saturated state of potassium chloride to precipitate potassium chloride crystals. After centrifugal treatment, the potassium chloride crystals will be retained in the first inner liner 402a-3; When processing sodium chloride crystals, the driver 401g is started counterclockwise. At this time, the driver 401g will drive the drive shaft 402b-1 to rotate counterclockwise. When rotating counterclockwise, the block 402b-6 will pull the first elastic telescopic rod 402b-5 driven by the centrifugal force, so that the first telescopic rod 402b-2 gradually extends. However, when the block 402b-6 contacts the limit block in the connecting tube 402c, it contacts the inclined groove 402b-7. Therefore, the block 402b-6 will squeeze the limit block in the connecting tube 402c through the inclined groove 402b-7, and will not drive the connecting tube 402c and the first liner 402a-3 to rotate. At the same time, when rotating counterclockwise, the docking joint 402b-4 and the docking groove 402e-6 in the docking block 402e-5 are docked, and stable docking is completed under the extrusion of the spring 402b-3, so that the second inner liner 402g-5 is synchronously in a counterclockwise rotating state. Due to the rotation of the second inner liner 402g-5, the liquid entering the second inner liner 402g-5 will be filtered under the action of centrifugal force, so that the crystals in the liquid are filtered by the second inner liner 402g-5 and retained in the second inner liner 402g-5, and the liquid will flow out and enter the connecting pipes 402a-9 on both sides as the second inner liner 402g-5 rotates; When processing potassium chloride crystals, the driver 401g needs to be started clockwise, so that the driver 401g drives the drive shaft 402b-1 to rotate clockwise. At this time, the arc surface above the docking joint 402b-4 will contact the arc surface in the docking groove 402e-6, and the friction of the arc surface is insufficient to drive the docking block 402e-5 to rotate, so that the docking joint 402b-4 is squeezed and the telescopic rod 402b-2 is pushed to continue to contract and reset under the elastic force of the spring 402b-3, and so on. At the same time, when the block 402b-6 drives the connecting tube 402c to rotate, it will synchronously drive the first inner liner 402a-3 to rotate, so that the first inner liner 402a-3 can adjust the position of the sealing plate 402a-6 through the rotational centrifugal force when rotating. Since a counterweight plate is used on one side of the sealing plate 402a-6, the sealing plate 402a-6 will fit with the sealing groove 402a-10 along with the pin shaft 402a-7, thereby sealing the through hole 402a-5.

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention disclose preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. A person skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. However, as long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sodium-potassium salt separation integrated system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization, characterized in that: It comprises a desalination and dust removal mechanism (1), the output end of the desalination and dust removal mechanism (1) is connected to a flue gas deacidification mechanism (2), the output end of the flue gas deacidification mechanism (2) is connected to an evaporation and crystallization mechanism (3), the output end of the evaporation and crystallization mechanism (3) is connected to an input end of an integrated separation mechanism (4), and the input end of the integrated separation mechanism (4) is connected to an output end of a cooling mechanism (5); The integrated separation mechanism (4) comprises a support assembly (401) and a separation assembly (402), wherein the support assembly (401) is arranged outside the separation assembly (402); The separation assembly (402) comprises a first separator (402a), a controller (402b) being rotatably connected inside the first separator (402a), a connecting cylinder (402c) being arranged outside the controller (402b), a plurality of cleaners (402d) being arranged outside the connecting cylinder (402c), the top ends of the plurality of cleaners (402d) being fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner wall of the first separator (402a), the upper part of the first separator (402a) being fixedly connected to the second separator (402e), the second separator (402e) and the first separator (402a) being hingedly provided with door panels (402f) outside, and a centrifuge (402g) being rotatably connected inside the second separator (402e); The output end of the evaporation and crystallization mechanism (3) and the output end of the cooling mechanism (5) are both connected to the separation component (402).

2. The integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support assembly (401) comprises a support (401a), a mounting frame (401b) is arranged on the top of the support (401a), an adjuster (401c) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame (401b), the bottom end of the adjuster (401c) passes through the mounting frame (401b) and is transmission-connected to the top end of the telescopic device (401d), a top plate (401e) is tightly welded to the bottom end of the telescopic device (401d), a bottom frame (401f) is fixedly connected inside the support (401a), and the top of the bottom frame (401f) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driver (401g).

3. The integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first separator (402a) and the second separator (402e) are both fixedly connected to the bracket (401a), the bottom of the top plate (401e) is connected to the top of the second separator (402e), and the output end of the driver (401g) is transmission-connected to the bottom end of the controller (402b).

4. The integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first separator (402a) comprises a first outer tube (402a-1), a connecting sleeve (402a-2) being fixedly connected inside the first outer tube (402a-1), the connecting sleeve (402a-2) being clamped on the outside of the first inner liner (402a-3), two limiting grooves (402a-4) being provided outside the first inner liner (402a-3), the connecting sleeve (402a-2) being clamped in the two limiting grooves (402a-4), a plurality of through holes (402a-5) being provided outside the first inner liner (402a-3), the first inner liner (402a-3) being connected to the connecting sleeve (402a-2) via the plurality of through holes (402a-5), and a sealing groove (402a-10) being provided inside the first inner liner (402a-3).

5. The integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The sealing groove (402a-10) is hingedly connected to a plurality of sealing plates (402a-6) via a pin shaft (402a-7), a coil spring (402a-8) is disposed outside the plurality of pin shafts (402a-7), the inner wall of the first inner liner (402a-3) is fixedly connected to an inclined plate (402a-11), the inclined plate (402a-11) is annular, and a connecting pipe (402a-9) is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting sleeve (402a-2); The top of the first outer cylinder (402a-1) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second separator (402e), the controller (402b) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the first outer cylinder (402a-1), the connecting cylinder (402c) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the first outer cylinder (402a-1), and the other end of the connecting tube (402a-9) is connected to the second separator (402e).

6. The integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The controller (402b) comprises a driving shaft (402b-1), the top end of the driving shaft (402b-1) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the telescopic rod (402b-2), a spring (402b-3) is arranged outside the telescopic rod (402b-2), the bottom end of the spring (402b-3) is fixedly connected to the outside of the driving shaft (402b-1), the top ends of the telescopic rod (402b-2) and the spring (402b-3) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the same docking joint (402b-4), a plurality of first elastic telescopic rods (402b-5) are fixedly connected to the outside of the driving shaft (402b-1), the other ends of the plurality of first elastic telescopic rods (402b-5) are fixedly connected to a clamping block (402b-6), the other ends of the plurality of clamping blocks (402b-6) are arranged with an inclined groove (402b-7), and the inclined groove (402b-7) is an arc surface; The bottom end of the driving shaft (402b-1) passes through the first outer cylinder (402a-1) and is drivingly connected to the top end of the driver (401g), and the shape of the clamping block (402b-6) is compatible with the shape of a limiting block provided in the connecting cylinder (402c).

7. The integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The cleaner (402d) comprises a mounting plate (402d-1), one side of the mounting plate (402d-1) being fixedly connected to one end corresponding to the second elastic telescopic rod (402d-2), the other end of the second elastic telescopic rod (402d-2) passing through a counterweight block (402d-3) and being fixedly connected to one side of a scraper (402d-4), and the counterweight block (402d-3) being connected to the scraper (402d-4); The mounting plate (402d-1) is fixedly connected above the inner wall of the first outer cylinder (402a-1), and the shape of the scraper (402d-4) is compatible with the shape of the inner wall of the first inner container (402a-3).

8. The integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The second separator (402e) comprises a sealing cover (402e-1), the bottom of the sealing cover (402e-1) is fixedly connected to the tops of a plurality of cleaning plates (402e-2), and two corresponding cleaning plates (402e-2) are fixedly connected via a liquid discharge plate (402e-3); the sealing cover (402e-1) is clamped on the top of the second outer cylinder (402e-7), a partition plate (402e-4) is clamped on the bottom of the second outer cylinder (402e-7), a docking block (402e-5) is clamped in the partition plate (402e-4) via a bearing, and a docking groove (402e-6) is provided at the bottom of the docking block (402e-5); The shape of the docking groove (402e-6) is compatible with the shape of the docking joint (402b-4), the centrifuge (402g) is fixedly connected to the top of the docking block (402e-5), the cleaning plate (402e-2) and the drainage plate (402e-3) overlap the outer wall of the centrifuge (402g), and the other end of the connecting pipe (402a-9) is connected to the second outer cylinder (402e-7).

9. The integrated sodium-potassium salt separation system for waste incineration fly ash water washing and resource utilization according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The centrifuge (402g) comprises a liquid guide plate (402g-1), the liquid guide plate (402g-1) is circular, a plurality of mounting grooves (402g-2) are provided on the top of the liquid guide plate (402g-1), and a plurality of mounting grooves (402g-2) are provided on one side of the inner wall thereof, a plurality of mounting blocks (402g-4) are clamped in the plurality of mounting grooves (402g-2), the tops of the plurality of mounting blocks (402g-4) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the same second inner liner (402g-5), the second inner liner (402g-5) is clamped on the top of the liquid guide plate (402g-1), and the mounting blocks (402g-4) are adapted to the shapes of the mounting grooves (402g-2) and the assembly grooves (402g-3); The lower part of the liquid guide plate (402g-1) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the docking block (402e-5), and the second inner tank (402g-5) and the first inner tank (402a-3) are both filter barrels.

Images