Automatic control loop for quick-change upper anvil of hydraulic forging machine and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic control loop of a hydraulic forging machine quick-change upper anvil and a control method. Hydraulic oil in a rod cavity of a return cylinder of the forging machine is set as a power source, an automatic control valve is arranged on a hydraulic pipeline of the quick-change upper anvil device, the automatic control valve is provided with a slidable valve element, the two ends of the valve element are provided with an oil cavity and a spring cavity respectively, and pressure oil in the oil cavity and a spring in the spring cavity clamp the valve element to slide. The pressure of pressure oil is adjusted through the return stroke and idle stroke quick drop operation of the movable beam, so that the clamping force on the valve element is changed, and the purpose of full-automatic quick assembly and disassembly of the upper anvil is achieved by combining the high-pressure closing function and the low-pressure opening function of the self-control valve. The device has the advantages of novel design, high automation degree, stable and flexible control and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a hydraulic circuit, in particular to a hydraulic valve and a control method for quickly assembling and disassembling an anvil, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic equipment design and manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] In order to quickly load and unload the upper anvil of a large hydraulic forging machine, Chinese patent application No. 202411582263.8 discloses a device and operating method for quickly loading and unloading the upper anvil of a hydraulic forging machine, wherein the positioning wedge pin is configured as a pin and a movable wedge pin, and the movable wedge pin is placed in the wedge pin hole of the connecting rod, so as to realize quick loading and unloading of the upper anvil by wedging and disengaging, and also greatly reduce the stroke of the wedge pin, so that the quick loading and unloading device occupies less space, facilitates equipment layout, and reduces energy consumption. In order to facilitate the input of hydraulic power, Chinese patent No. 201710174377.2 discloses a locking hydraulic circuit and oil supply method for the upper anvil of a hydraulic forging machine, wherein a built-in flow hole is provided between the oil chamber of the return hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic press and the movable beam, one end of which is connected to the oil inlet chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is connected to the connecting pipe through the piston rod, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the hydraulic cylinder of the quick loading and unloading device, so that the oil pipeline of the quick loading and unloading device and the movable beam can move synchronously. There are still certain shortcomings after the combined application of the above two technologies: when quickly removing the anvil, after the wedge pin is withdrawn, the fixing nut is manually operated to fix the wedge pin, and then the pressure is manually released; when quickly installing the anvil, multiple manual operations are still required. In order to further improve work efficiency and realize automated operation, it is necessary to improve the existing liquid supply circuit and control method to improve the level of intelligent control. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention proposes an automatic control circuit and a control method for quickly replacing anvils on a hydraulic forging machine. The hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of a return cylinder of the forging machine is set as a power source, and an automatic control valve is set on the built-in pipeline of a movable beam assembly of the forging machine. The purpose of quickly installing and removing the anvil is achieved through the return and idle quick lowering operations of the movable beam + the high-pressure closing and low-pressure opening functions of the automatic control valve.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes an automatic control circuit for quickly changing the upper anvil of a hydraulic forging machine, comprising: a fast forging machine, a quick installation and quick release mechanism, the fast forging machine involves a movable beam, a forging cylinder, a return cylinder, an upper anvil and an upper anvil, the return operation of the fast forging machine increases the pressure of the pressure oil in the return cylinder, and the idle quick operation of the fast forging machine reduces the pressure of the pressure oil in the return cylinder, the quick installation and quick release mechanism involves a hydraulic circuit and a drive component, the drive component comprises a hydraulic cylinder group and a wedge pin, a return spring is arranged in a rodless cavity of a hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic cylinder group, the wedge pin comprises a pin and a movable wedge pin; the plunger of the forging cylinder and the single output rod of the return cylinder are connected to the movable beam, the upper anvil is fixed under the movable beam, the single output rod of the return cylinder and the movable beam are provided with built-in flow holes, the hydraulic cylinder group drives the wedge pin to disengage the connecting rod on the upper anvil and the positioning hole in the upper anvil or tighten the connecting pin, characterized in that:

[0005] The hydraulic circuit includes a hydraulic power source, a switch valve, an automatic control valve, a hydraulic pipeline and the hydraulic cylinder group;

[0006] The hydraulic power source is configured as the pressure oil in the rod chamber of the return cylinder, providing pressure oil for the hydraulic cylinder group;

[0007] The switch valve is arranged on the pipeline between the built-in flow hole and the automatic control valve;

[0008] The self-control valve comprises a valve body and a valve core. The valve core is placed in the inner cavity of the valve body and divides the inner cavity into an oil cavity, an oil hole cavity and a spring cavity. There are two oil hole cavities. The oil cavity and the spring cavity are arranged at both ends of the valve core. Pressure oil is introduced into the oil cavity. A spring is arranged in the spring cavity. The pressure oil and the spring clamp the valve core to slide in the inner cavity of the valve body.

[0009] The automatic control valve is set with a fully closed working pressure and a fully open working pressure. When the pressure oil pressure reaches the fully closed working pressure, the automatic control valve is fully closed. When the pressure oil pressure drops to the fully open working pressure, the automatic control valve is fully opened.

[0010] The pressure of the pressure oil is greater than the elastic force of the spring, the valve core slides toward the spring chamber, the pressure of the pressure oil rises to the fully closed working pressure, and the automatic control valve is fully closed;

[0011] The pressure of the pressure oil is less than the elastic force of the spring, the valve core slides toward the oil chamber, the pressure of the pressure oil drops to the fully opening working pressure, and the automatic control valve is fully opened;

[0012] The valve body of the automatic control valve is provided with a first, a second and a third oil inlet and outlet, the first oil inlet and outlet is connected to the oil chamber, and the second and the third oil inlet and outlet are respectively connected to an oil hole;

[0013] The hydraulic pipeline consists of the built-in flow hole and the connecting pipe. One end of the built-in flow hole is connected to the rod chamber of the return cylinder, and the other end is connected to one end of the connecting pipe. The other end of the connecting pipe is respectively connected to the first oil inlet and outlet and the second or third oil inlet and outlet, and the third or second oil inlet and outlet is correspondingly connected to the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder group.

[0014] Preferably, the working pressure for closing the automatic control valve is set at ≥10Mpa, and the working pressure for opening the automatic control valve is set at ≤5Mpa.

[0015] A method for controlling an automatic control circuit of a hydraulic forging machine for quick replacement of anvils, characterized in that: it includes a method for quick removal of anvils and quick installation of anvils,

[0016] The operation method of quick-discharging the upper anvil is as follows: open the switch valve, perform short return and idle quick-down operations for many times, control the movable beam to remain unchanged, frequently increase and decrease the pressure of the hydraulic power source, gradually close the automatic control valve, and push the pin and the movable wedge pin through the hydraulic cylinder group for many times until the pin and the movable wedge pin are completely withdrawn from the wedge pin hole on the connecting rod. At the same time, the return spring is compressed, and the pressure of the pressure oil is controlled to reach the fully closed working pressure. The automatic control valve is completely closed, and short return and idle quick-down operations are continued for many times to control the movable beam to shake and gradually rise, and the connecting rod is separated from the positioning hole. The quick discharging of the upper anvil is completed, and then the switch valve is closed;

[0017] The operation method of quick-installing the anvil: open the switch valve, perform short return and idle quick-down operations multiple times, control the position of the movable beam to remain unchanged, the hydraulic power source frequently increases and decreases pressure, the automatic control valve gradually closes, the return spring is compressed, the control pressure oil pressure rises to the fully closed working pressure, the automatic control valve is completely closed, and multiple short return and idle quick-down operations are continued. The hydraulic power source frequently increases and decreases pressure to control the movable beam to vibrate and gradually descend. The connecting rod is inserted into the positioning hole until the upper anvil fits with the upper anvil seat, and then the idle quick-down operation is performed. The automatic control valve opens to drain oil, and the control pressure oil drops to the fully open working pressure. The automatic control valve is fully opened, and the return spring pushes the pin and the movable wedge pin to connect and fix the connecting rod to the positioning hole. The quick installation of the anvil is completed, and then the switch valve is closed.

[0018] Furthermore, when the upper anvil is quickly installed, the movable beam shakes and gradually descends, and the forging cylinder is operated to press down, so that the upper anvil and the upper anvil seat are further pressed together, and the pin and the movable wedge pin further enter the wedge pin hole, so that the positioning hole and the connecting rod are further locked.

[0019] The present invention utilizes the return cylinder of the forging machine as a hydraulic power source, and ensures that the wedge pin can be smoothly withdrawn and inserted into the wedge pin hole under complex working conditions by operating the forging machine return, idle stroke fast down and forging cylinder down pressure; and utilizes the automatic control function of the automatic control valve to close at high pressure and open at low pressure to achieve the purpose of quick installation and removal of the anvil.

[0020] The invention has the advantages of novel design, high automation, stable and flexible control, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Attached Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention,

[0022] Attached Figure 2 When the anvil is unloaded, the pressure oil pressure is less than or equal to the fully open working pressure, and the automatic control valve is fully opened.

[0023] Attached Figure 3 When the anvil is unloaded, the pressure oil pressure is greater than the fully open working pressure and less than the fully closed working pressure. Schematic diagram of the partial opening and closing state of the automatic control valve.

[0024] Attached Figure 4 When the anvil is unloaded, the pressure oil pressure is greater than or equal to the fully closed working pressure, and the automatic control valve is in the fully closed state.

[0025] Attached Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fully closed state of the automatic control valve when the pressure oil pressure is greater than the fully closed working pressure after the upper anvil is separated from the upper anvil seat.

[0026] Attached Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fully open state of the automatic control valve when the pressure oil pressure is less than or equal to the fully open working pressure during the withdrawal.

[0027] Attached Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fully closed state of the automatic control valve when the pressure oil pressure is greater than or equal to the fully closed working pressure after the pin is withdrawn.

[0028] Attached Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fully closed state of the automatic control valve when the pressure oil pressure is greater than or equal to the fully closed working pressure when the anvil is installed.

[0029] Attached Fig. 9 When the anvil is installed, the pressure oil pressure is less than the fully closed working pressure and greater than the fully open working pressure. This is a schematic diagram of the partial opening and closing state of the automatic control valve.

[0030] Attached Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the fully open state of the automatic control valve when the pressure oil pressure is less than or equal to the fully open working pressure after the upper anvil is connected to the upper anvil seat.

[0031] In the accompanying drawings, 1 is the upper anvil, 101 is the connecting rod, 2 is the upper anvil seat, 201 is the positioning hole, 3 is the hydraulic cylinder group, 301 is the pin, 302 is the movable wedge pin, 4 is the automatic control valve, 5 is the valve core, 6 is the return cylinder, 7 is the oil pipeline, 8 is the spring, 9 is the switch valve, A and P are oil holes, B is the oil chamber, and a is the oil pipeline connection port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] As attached Figure 1As shown, the pressure oil in the return cylinder 6 of the forging machine is used as the hydraulic power source of the hydraulic cylinder group 3, the switch valve 9 is arranged between the return cylinder 6 and the automatic control valve 4, and the hydraulic pipeline is composed of the return cylinder plunger and the built-in flow hole and the oil pipeline 7 provided in the movable beam. In the figure, a is the connection port of the oil pipeline 7.

[0033] A valve core 5 is provided in the inner cavity of the automatic control valve 4. The valve core 5 is arranged to divide the inner cavity of the automatic control valve 4 into an oil cavity B, oil holes A, P and a spring cavity. The oil cavity B and the spring cavity are arranged at both ends of the valve core 5. A spring 8 is arranged in the spring cavity. The pressure oil in the oil cavity B and the spring 8 clamp the valve core 5 to slide. The pressure oil pressure in the oil cavity B is greater than the elastic force of the spring 8, the spring 8 is compressed, the valve core 5 slides toward the spring cavity, the oil pressure in the oil cavity B reaches the fully closed working pressure, the spring 8 is compressed until the oil holes A and P are not connected, and the automatic control valve 4 is completely closed. The pressure oil pressure in the oil cavity B is less than the elastic force of the spring 8, the spring 8 stretches, the valve core 5 slides toward the oil cavity B, the oil pressure in the oil cavity B reaches the fully opened working pressure, the spring 8 stretches until the oil holes A and P are connected, and the automatic control valve 4 is completely opened. Three oil inlets and outlets are provided on the valve body of the automatic control valve 4, which are respectively connected to the oil cavity B and the oil holes A and P.

[0034] When quickly removing the anvil 1, use the attached Figure 2 , 3 , 4, 5 shown in the operation process, attached Figure 2 As shown, first open the switch valve 9, and the pressure oil in the oil chamber of the return cylinder 6 is pushed through the hydraulic cylinder group to push the pin 301 and the movable wedge pin 302. Operate the forging machine, perform short return and idle fast down for many times, and control the movable beam not to rise. The hydraulic oil of the return cylinder 6 is frequently increased and decreased in pressure, and the hydraulic cylinder group 3 frequently pushes the pin 301 and the movable wedge pin 302. The connection relationship between the oil holes A and P and the position relationship between the pin 301 and the movable wedge pin 302 are gradually transformed into the attached Figure 3 As shown, it is finally converted into Figure 4 The status shown. Figure 4 The above operation is continued in this state, the movable beam is controlled to vibrate and gradually rise, the connecting rod 101 is separated from the positioning hole 201 on the upper anvil 2, and the upper anvil 1 leaves the upper anvil 2, completing the quick release of the upper anvil 1.

[0035] An implementation method of quick installation of the upper anvil is to close the switch valve 9 after unloading the upper anvil 1, and then use the attached Figure 6 , 7 , 8, 9, 10, first open the switch valve 9, Figure 6 In the state shown, short return and idle fast down operations are performed many times to control the position of the movable beam unchanged. The pressure oil in the oil chamber of the return cylinder 6 passes through the hydraulic cylinder group 3 to compress the return spring. The pressure of the pressure oil reaches the fully closed working pressure, and the automatic control valve 4 is fully closed, which is converted into the attached Figure 7 As shown in the attached Figure 8As shown, insert the connecting rod 101 into the positioning hole 201, and when the automatic control valve 4 is fully closed, repeat the idle stroke fast down and return operations to control the movable beam to vibrate and gradually descend. In special cases, the forging cylinder is controlled to press down at the same time to make the upper anvil 1 fit with the upper anvil seat 2. Then perform the idle stroke fast down operation to enter the attached Fig. 9 In the state shown, the automatic control valve 4 gradually opens the oil drain, and the return spring pushes the pin 301 and the movable wedge pin 302 to connect the connecting rod 101 with the positioning hole 201. When the pressure oil pressure is less than or equal to the fully open working pressure, the pin 301 and the movable wedge pin 302 connect the connecting rod 101 with the positioning hole 201 in place, completing the upper anvil quick installation, and achieving the attachment Fig.10 The state shown, and then close the switch valve 9.

[0036] Another embodiment of the quick-install upper anvil is that after the quick-install upper anvil 1 ends entering the adjacent Figure 5 After the state is reached, the anvil is directly installed, and the connecting rod 101 is inserted into the positioning hole 201 to enter the adjacent Figure 8 The status shown, behind Figure 8 , 9 The action shown in 10 is the same as the first method.

Claims

1. An automatic control circuit for quickly changing anvils of a hydraulic forging machine, comprising: A quick forging machine and a quick-loading and quick-discharging mechanism, wherein the quick forging machine involves a movable beam, a forging cylinder, a return cylinder, an upper anvil and an upper anvil, wherein the return operation of the quick forging machine increases the pressure of the oil in the return cylinder, and the idle quick operation of the quick forging machine reduces the pressure of the oil in the return cylinder, and the quick-loading and quick-discharging mechanism involves a hydraulic circuit and a driving component, wherein the driving component comprises a hydraulic cylinder group and a wedge pin, wherein a return spring is arranged in a rodless cavity of a hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic cylinder group, and the wedge pin comprises a pin and a movable wedge pin; the plunger of the forging cylinder and the single output rod of the return cylinder are connected to the movable beam, and the upper anvil is fixed under the movable beam, and the single output rod of the return cylinder and the movable beam are provided with built-in flow holes, and the hydraulic cylinder group drives the wedge pin to disengage or tighten the connecting rod on the upper anvil and the positioning hole in the upper anvil, and the characteristic is that: The hydraulic circuit includes a hydraulic power source, a switch valve, an automatic control valve, a hydraulic pipeline and the hydraulic cylinder group; The hydraulic power source is configured as the pressure oil in the rod chamber of the return cylinder, providing pressure oil for the hydraulic cylinder group; The switch valve is arranged on the pipeline between the built-in flow hole and the automatic control valve; The self-control valve comprises a valve body and a valve core. The valve core is placed in the inner cavity of the valve body and divides the inner cavity into an oil cavity, an oil hole cavity and a spring cavity. There are two oil hole cavities. The oil cavity and the spring cavity are arranged at both ends of the valve core. Pressure oil is introduced into the oil cavity. A spring is arranged in the spring cavity. The pressure oil and the spring clamp the valve core to slide in the inner cavity of the valve body. The automatic control valve is set with a fully closed working pressure and a fully open working pressure. When the pressure oil pressure reaches the fully closed working pressure, the automatic control valve is fully closed. When the pressure oil pressure drops to the fully open working pressure, the automatic control valve is fully opened. The pressure of the pressure oil is greater than the elastic force of the spring, the valve core slides toward the spring chamber, the pressure of the pressure oil rises to the fully closed working pressure, and the automatic control valve is fully closed; The pressure of the pressure oil is less than the elastic force of the spring, the valve core slides toward the oil chamber, the pressure of the pressure oil drops to the fully opening working pressure, and the automatic control valve is fully opened; The valve body of the automatic control valve is provided with a first, a second and a third oil inlet and outlet, the first oil inlet and outlet is connected to the oil chamber, and the second and the third oil inlet and outlet are respectively connected to an oil hole; The hydraulic pipeline consists of the built-in flow hole and the connecting pipe. One end of the built-in flow hole is connected to the rod chamber of the return cylinder, and the other end is connected to one end of the connecting pipe. The other end of the connecting pipe is respectively connected to the first oil inlet and outlet and the second or third oil inlet and outlet, and the third or second oil inlet and outlet is correspondingly connected to the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder group.

2. The automatic control circuit for quick-changing anvils of a hydraulic forging machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The working pressure for closing the automatic control valve is set at ≥10Mpa, and the working pressure for opening the automatic control valve is set at ≤5Mpa.

3. A method for controlling an automatic control circuit for a hydraulic forging machine quick-change anvil as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Including quick removal anvil mounting and quick mounting anvil operation methods, The operation method of quick-discharging the upper anvil is as follows: open the switch valve, perform short return and idle quick-down operations for many times, control the movable beam to remain unchanged, frequently increase and decrease the pressure of the hydraulic power source, gradually close the automatic control valve, and push the pin and the movable wedge pin through the hydraulic cylinder group for many times until the pin and the movable wedge pin are completely withdrawn from the wedge pin hole on the connecting rod. At the same time, the return spring is compressed, and the pressure of the pressure oil is controlled to reach the fully closed working pressure. The automatic control valve is completely closed, and short return and idle quick-down operations are continued for many times to control the movable beam to shake and gradually rise, and the connecting rod is separated from the positioning hole. The quick discharging of the upper anvil is completed, and then the switch valve is closed; The operation method of quick-installing the anvil: open the switch valve, perform short return and idle quick-down operations multiple times, control the position of the movable beam to remain unchanged, the hydraulic power source frequently increases and decreases pressure, the automatic control valve gradually closes, the return spring is compressed, the control pressure oil pressure rises to the fully closed working pressure, the automatic control valve is completely closed, and multiple short return and idle quick-down operations are continued. The hydraulic power source frequently increases and decreases pressure to control the movable beam to vibrate and gradually descend. The connecting rod is inserted into the positioning hole until the upper anvil fits with the upper anvil seat, and then the idle quick-down operation is performed. The automatic control valve opens to drain oil, and the control pressure oil drops to the fully open working pressure. The automatic control valve is fully opened, and the return spring pushes the pin and the movable wedge pin to connect and fix the connecting rod to the positioning hole. The quick installation of the anvil is completed, and then the switch valve is closed.

4. A method for controlling an automatic control circuit for quick-changing anvils of a hydraulic forging machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the upper anvil is quickly installed, the movable beam vibrates and gradually descends, and the forging cylinder is operated to press down, so that the upper anvil and the upper anvil seat are further pressed together, and the pin and the movable wedge pin further enter the wedge pin hole, so that the positioning hole and the connecting rod are further locked.

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