Environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of laser welding equipment, and in particular to an environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device and method for metal steel plates, comprising a steel plate laser welding device, wherein the steel plate laser welding device comprises a casing, a workbench is installed at the front of the casing, a light-transmitting plate is installed in the middle of the workbench, a projection plate is arranged on the lower side of the light-transmitting plate, mounting frames are fixedly connected to both sides of the projection plate, the mounting frames are installed at the bottom of the workbench, a blackout curtain is slidably connected to the bottom of the workbench through a guide rail, the blackout curtain surrounds the mounting frame and the projection plate, industrial cameras are installed at the bottom of the mounting frame and the top of the casing, the industrial cameras are electrically connected to a control box, the control box is installed at the bottom of the casing, and a welding robot arm is arranged at the rear of the workbench. The present invention can effectively improve the absorption efficiency of laser energy by the steel plate to be welded during welding by spraying a black organic coating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of laser welding equipment, and in particular to an environmentally friendly metal steel plate full-automatic laser welding device and method. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source. When the laser beam irradiates the surface of a metal steel plate, the energy of the photon is absorbed by the atoms on the surface of the steel plate, increasing the internal energy of the atoms. These atoms transfer energy to the surrounding atoms by colliding with each other, thereby rapidly increasing the temperature of the steel plate and the surface of the welding material, and realizing the welding of two or more steel plates. However, metals generally have a certain reflectivity, and the surface of a metal steel plate that has been highlighted is smoother. This smooth surface will lead to enhanced laser reflection. According to Fresnel's law, when a laser beam irradiates the metal surface, a part of the light will be reflected. For a highlighted metal plate, its high reflectivity may cause a considerable part of the laser energy to be effectively not absorbed by the metal for welding. At the same time, during the laser welding process, spatter may be generated when the welding material melts and solidifies. These spattered small particles may also rebound into the laser head and adhere to the lens. In addition, the smoke generated during welding contains impurities such as metal particles, and the smoke is easy to contact and contaminate the lens during the flow process. Therefore, we propose an environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device and method to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the background technology and to propose an environmentally friendly metal steel plate full-automatic laser welding device and method.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device, including a steel plate laser welding device, the steel plate laser welding device includes a casing, a workbench is installed at the front of the casing, a light-transmitting plate is installed in the middle of the workbench, a projection plate is arranged on the lower side of the light-transmitting plate, mounting frames are fixedly connected on both sides of the projection plate, the mounting frames are installed at the bottom of the workbench, a blackout curtain is slidably connected to the bottom of the workbench through a guide rail, the blackout curtain surrounds the mounting frame and the projection plate, industrial cameras are installed at the bottom of the mounting frame and the top of the casing, the industrial cameras are electrically connected to the control box, the control box is installed at the bottom of the casing, a welding robot arm is arranged at the rear of the workbench, a positioning plate is installed at the rear side of the middle of the top of the workbench, the welding robot arm and the positioning plate are electrically connected to the control box, a fixing frame is installed at the end of the welding robot arm, a laser head is installed inside the fixing frame, a laser generator is connected to the end of the laser head, and the laser generator is installed on one side of the rear of the casing.

[0005] Preferably, a connecting frame 1 is fixedly connected to the lower rear end of the fixing frame, a wire feeding head is installed at one end of the connecting frame 1 away from the fixing frame, an input end of the wire feeding head is connected to a wire feeding wheel through a wire feeding tube, and the wire feeding wheel is electrically connected to a control box.

[0006] Preferably, the lower part of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to a base frame, the end of the base frame away from the connecting frame one is fixedly connected to the connecting frame two, a servo motor is installed in the middle of the connecting frame two, the servo motor is electrically connected to the control box, and nozzles are rotatably connected on both sides of the connecting frame two.

[0007] Preferably, an air bin is sleeved on the outer periphery of the lower part of the laser head, and fixing rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the air bin, and the ends of the fixing rods away from the air bin are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing frame, and a swivel is rotatably connected inside the air bin, and evenly distributed guide plates are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the swivel, and the guide plates are all inclined and arranged inside the air bin, and an air port is opened at the bottom of the air bin.

[0008] Preferably, the nozzle ends are fixedly connected to a feed pipe, the end of the feed pipe away from the nozzle is connected to a feed pump, the feed pump is connected to a paint tank, the feed pump and the paint tank are installed inside the casing, the middle part of the side close to the nozzle is fixedly connected to a limit block, the middle part of the limit block is provided with a guide groove, and the two guide grooves are symmetrically arranged oblique grooves.

[0009] Preferably, the guide grooves are slidably connected with limit columns, the limit columns are fixedly connected to both ends of the cross frame, a threaded rod passes through the middle of the cross frame, the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the servo motor drive end, and the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the cross frame.

[0010] Preferably, the air port is an annular opening, and ventilation pipes are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the air bin, and the ventilation pipes are limited on both sides of the fixing frame by buckles, and the end of the ventilation pipe away from the air bin is connected to a cooling air pump, and the cooling air pump is installed inside the casing.

[0011] Preferably, both sides of the upper front end of the casing are connected with protective windows through hinges, and a light-emitting frame is installed on the front side of the top of the casing, and the bottom of the light-emitting frame faces the light-transmitting plate and the projection plate.

[0012] Preferably, both sides of the top of the workbench are fixedly connected with fixed plates, the tops of the fixed plates are fixedly connected with symmetrical thread stretching machines, the telescopic ends of the thread stretching machines are fixedly connected with clamping seats, the clamping parts of the clamping seats clamp the steel plates to be welded, and a gap to be welded is formed between the two steel plates to be welded.

[0013] Preferably, an environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding method for metal steel plates comprises the following steps: S1. First, fix the steel plates to be welded by the clamps on both sides. Then, the clamps on both sides and the steel plates to be welded are driven closer by the thread jacking machine. The thread jacking machine is used to precisely control the reserved gap between the steel plates to be welded. At this time, the light-emitting frame starts to work. S2. The light-emitting frame emits direct light downward, so that the shadow of the steel plate to be welded is mapped onto the projection plate. The industrial camera inside the steel plate laser welding device recognizes the edge contour of the projection, calculates the coordinate points and transmits them to the welding robot arm. The positioning plate assists the welding robot arm to mark the zero point before laser welding. S3. During welding, the feed pump will start working synchronously. The black organic coating will be fed into the nozzle through the feed pipe and sprayed out through the nozzle to coat the metal at the weld gap. S4. The welding wire is continuously introduced into the wire feeding head through the continuous operation of the wire feeding wheel to achieve stable continuous welding. During welding, the air pump starts to work synchronously with the operation of the welding robot arm. S5. The cooling gas is input into the gas chamber through the air pump through the ventilation pipe. After entering the gas chamber, the gas will come into contact with the guide vane. The continuous entry of the cooling airflow will force the guide vane and the swivel to rotate. When the guide vane and the swivel rotate, the cooling gas will be ejected from the air port in a spiral shape to form a ring-shaped air column, which can clean up the harmful gas and fine impurities generated during welding, and protect the nozzle at the laser head port to prevent the flying particles generated during welding from being reflected into the laser channel when splashing.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention emits direct light downward through the work of the light-emitting frame, so that the shadow of the steel plate to be welded is mapped onto the projection plate. The industrial camera inside the steel plate laser welding device can identify the edge contour of the projection, and can cooperate with the machine vision system to calculate the path coordinates of the gap to be welded, and can transmit them to the welding robot arm through Bluetooth. The positioning plate can assist the welding robot arm to mark the zero point before laser welding, realize coordinate update, and facilitate path planning, thereby realizing automatic welding work and reducing the time wasted in manual programming, especially for curved welds, with a higher efficiency improvement effect.

[0015] 2. During welding, the feed pump will start working synchronously. Through the work of the feed pump, the black organic coating can be input into the nozzle through the feed pipe and sprayed out through the nozzle, so as to realize the spraying of the metal at the welding gap. The sprayed black organic coating can effectively improve the absorption efficiency of the steel plate to be welded for laser energy during welding, thereby avoiding the situation that when welding the highlighted metal plate, the high reflectivity of its surface may make a considerable part of the laser energy not effectively absorbed by the metal for welding, resulting in poor welding quality, which is beneficial to improve the welding effect.

[0016] 3. By receiving the data of the width of the gap to be welded obtained by the industrial camera, the control box can start the servo motor accordingly. The operation of the servo motor will drive the threaded rod to rotate, and the rotation of the threaded rod can drive the cross frame to rotate. The movement of the cross frame will utilize the limit columns and guide grooves on both sides to adjust the inclination angles and port directions of the two nozzles, so that the black organic coating can better cover the path of the laser, which is conducive to coping with different welding scenarios.

[0017] 4. During welding, as the welding robot arm works, the air pump starts working synchronously. The air pump can input the cooling gas into the air bin through the ventilation pipe. After entering the air bin, the gas will come into contact with the guide vane. The continuous entry of the cooling airflow will force the guide vane and the swivel to rotate. When the guide vane and the swivel rotate, the cooling gas will be ejected from the air port in a spiral shape, thereby effectively enhancing the cleaning effect of the cooling airflow on the harmful gases and fine impurities generated during welding, which is beneficial to practical use.

[0018] 5. The air port is an annular opening, so that a continuous annular air column can be formed at the port of the laser head to fully protect the port of the laser head and prevent flying particles generated during welding from being reflected into the laser channel when splashing, causing damage to the internal lens of the laser head. In addition, the annular air column can pre-clean the unwelded part in advance to prevent fine dust from existing on the steel plate to be welded, which will be subsequently integrated into the welding liquid and affect the welding quality. At the same time, the welding liquid after welding can be quickly cooled to prevent impurities from falling into the welding liquid before it is cooled and solidified, which is beneficial to the actual welding work. At the same time, the air chamber is set above the nozzle at the port of the laser head. When the cooling air ring blows downward, it will simultaneously cool the nozzle of the laser head, thereby effectively improving the service life of the nozzle and greatly extending the replacement cycle of the nozzle, which is beneficial to long-term use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a front view three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device and method of the present invention; Figure 2A bottom view schematic diagram of the internal structure of an environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device and method of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic top view of the internal structure of an environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device and method of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the projection plate of an environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device and method of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the positioning plate of an environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device and method of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the laser head of an environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device and method of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure in the gas chamber of an environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device and method of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the second connection frame of an environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device and method of the present invention; Fig. 9 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the cross frame of an environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device and method.

[0020] 1. Steel plate laser welding device; 101. Machine housing; 102. Protective window; 103. Steel plate to be welded; 104. Horizontal frame; 105. Light-emitting frame; 106. Welding robot arm; 107. Workbench; 108. Thread jacking machine; 109. Clamping seat; 110. Fixed frame; 111. Laser head; 112. Positioning plate; 113. Fixed plate; 114. Translucent plate; 115. Shading curtain; 116. Guide rail; 117. Mounting frame; 118. Projection plate; 119. Limiting column; 120. Feeding head; 121. Connecting frame 1; 122. Base frame; 123. Ventilation pipe; 124. Air chamber; 125. Guide groove; 126. Guide plate; 127. Swivel; 128. Air port; 129. Fixing rod; 130. Nozzle; 131. Connecting frame 2; 132. Servo motor; 133. Threaded rod; 134. Limiting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0022] like Figure 1-Figure 9The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates shown in the figure comprises a steel plate laser welding device 1, which comprises a casing 101, a workbench 107 is installed at the front of the casing 101, a light-transmitting plate 114 is installed in the middle of the workbench 107, a projection plate 118 is arranged on the lower side of the light-transmitting plate 114, mounting frames 117 are fixedly connected on both sides of the projection plate 118, the mounting frames 117 are installed at the bottom of the workbench 107, a blackout curtain 115 is slidably connected to the bottom end of the workbench 107 through a guide rail 116, the blackout curtain 115 surrounds the mounting frame 117 and the projection plate 118, an industrial camera is installed at the bottom of the mounting frame 117 and the top of the casing 101, the industrial camera and its matching machine vision system are prior art, and the industrial camera is a kind of conventional machine vision system. The industrial cameras are all electrically connected to the control box, which is installed at the bottom of the housing 101. The control module of the control box is a prior art, which is connected to the other devices through Bluetooth or wireless data transmission modules, and controls the other devices by sending control signals. The other devices make corresponding instructions after receiving the signals to complete the fully automatic work. A welding robot arm 106 is arranged at the rear of the workbench 107, and a positioning plate 112 is installed at the rear side of the middle of the top of the workbench 107. The welding robot arm 106 and the positioning plate 112 are both electrically connected to the control box. A fixing frame 110 is installed at the end of the welding robot arm 106, and a laser head 111 is installed inside the fixing frame 110. The end of the laser head 111 is connected to a laser generator, and the laser generator is installed at one side of the rear of the housing 101. Furthermore, in a specific implementation, the industrial camera inside the steel plate laser welding device 1 can identify the edge contour of the projection, and can cooperate with the machine vision system to calculate the path coordinates of the weld gap, and can transmit them to the welding robot arm 106 via Bluetooth. The positioning plate 112 can assist the welding robot arm 106 in zero point marking before laser welding, realize coordinate update, and facilitate path planning. The path planning system is a prior art. Referring to the Chinese patent document CN112223272B, automatic welding can be realized, reducing the time wasted in manual programming, especially for curved welds, with a higher efficiency improvement effect.

[0023] Among them, a connecting frame 121 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the rear end of the fixing frame 110, and a wire feeding head 120 is installed at one end of the connecting frame 121 away from the fixing frame 110. The input end of the wire feeding head 120 is connected to a wire feeding wheel through a wire feeding tube, and the wire feeding wheel is electrically connected to the control box. Both sides of the upper front end of the casing 101 are connected with protective windows 102 through hinges, and a light-emitting frame 105 is installed on the front side of the top of the casing 101. The bottom of the light-emitting frame 105 is facing the light-transmitting plate 114 and the projection plate 118. Both sides of the top of the workbench 107 are fixedly connected to fixed plates 113, and the top of the fixed plates 113 is fixedly connected to symmetrical thread jacking machines 108. The telescopic ends of the thread jacking machines 108 are fixedly connected to clamp seats 109, and the clamping parts of the clamp seats 109 clamp the steel plates 103 to be welded, and a gap to be welded is formed between the two steel plates 103 to be welded. Furthermore, in specific implementation, in actual use, people can first fix the steel plates 103 to be welded by the clamps 109 on both sides, and then, the operation of the threaded jacking machine 108 can drive the clamps 109 on both sides and the steel plates 103 to be welded closer together, and the threaded jacking machine 108 can achieve precise control of the reserved gaps between the steel plates 103 to be welded. At this time, the light frame 105 starts to work, and direct light is emitted downward through the operation of the light frame 105, so that the shadow of the steel plate 103 to be welded is projected onto the projection plate 118.

[0024] The lower part of the connecting frame 121 is fixedly connected to the base frame 122, and the end of the base frame 122 away from the connecting frame 121 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 2 131. A servo motor 132 is installed in the middle of the connecting frame 2 131. The servo motor 132 is electrically connected to the control box. The two sides of the connecting frame 2 131 are rotatably connected to the nozzle 130, and the ends of the nozzles 130 are fixedly connected to the feed pipes. The ends of the feed pipes away from the nozzles 130 are connected to the feed pumps, and the feed pumps are connected to the paint tanks. The feed pumps and the paint tanks are Installed inside the housing 101, the middle part of the side close to the nozzle 130 is fixedly connected to the limit block 134, the middle part of the limit block 134 is provided with a guide groove 125, the two guide grooves 125 are symmetrically arranged oblique grooves, the inside of the guide grooves 125 are slidably connected to the limit column 119, the limit column 119 is fixedly connected to the two ends of the cross frame 104, the middle part of the cross frame 104 is penetrated by a threaded rod 133, the threaded rod 133 is fixedly connected to the driving end of the servo motor 132, and the threaded rod 133 is threadedly connected to the cross frame 104; Furthermore, in a specific implementation, during welding, the feed pump will start working synchronously, and the black organic coating can be fed into the nozzle 130 through the feed pipe through the feed pump, and sprayed out through the nozzle 130, so as to realize the spraying of the metal at the welding gap. The sprayed black organic coating can effectively improve the absorption efficiency of the laser energy by the steel plate 103 to be welded during welding, thereby avoiding the situation that when welding the highlighted metal plate, the high reflectivity of the surface may cause a considerable part of the laser energy to not be effectively absorbed by the metal for welding, resulting in poor welding quality. It is beneficial to improve the welding effect. In this process, by receiving the data of the width of the gap to be welded obtained by the industrial camera, the control box can start the servo motor 132 accordingly. The operation of the servo motor 132 will drive the threaded rod 133 to rotate, and the rotation of the threaded rod 133 can drive the cross frame 104 to rotate. The movement of the cross frame 104 will utilize the limit columns 119 on both sides to cooperate with the guide groove 125 to adjust the inclination angle and port orientation of the two nozzles 130, so that the black organic coating can better cover the path passed by the laser, which is beneficial to cope with different welding scenarios.

[0025] Among them, an air bin 124 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the lower part of the laser head 111, and both sides of the air bin 124 are fixedly connected with fixing rods 129, and one end of the fixing rod 129 away from the air bin 124 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing frame 110, and a swivel 127 is rotatably connected inside the air bin 124, and evenly distributed guide plates 126 are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the swivel 127, and the guide plates 126 are all inclined. The guide plates 126 are all arranged inside the air bin 124, and an air port 128 is opened at the bottom of the air bin 124. The air port 128 is a ring-shaped opening, and both sides of the top of the air bin 124 are fixedly connected with ventilation pipes 123, and the ventilation pipes 123 are limited on both sides of the fixing frame 110 by buckles, and one end of the ventilation pipe 123 away from the air bin 124 is connected to a cooling air pump, and the cooling air pump is installed inside the housing 101; Furthermore, in a specific implementation, the welding wire can be continuously introduced into the wire feeding head 120 through the continuous operation of the wire feeding wheel, so as to realize stable and continuous welding operation. During welding, as the welding robot arm 106 works, the air pump starts to work synchronously, and the cooling gas can be input into the gas bin 124 through the air pump via the ventilation pipe 123. After entering the gas bin 124, the gas will come into contact with the guide vane 126. The continuous entry of the cooling airflow will force the guide vane 126 and the swivel 127 to rotate. When the guide vane 126 and the swivel 127 rotate, the cooling gas will be ejected from the air port 128 in a spiral shape, thereby effectively enhancing the cleaning effect of the cooling airflow on harmful gases and fine impurities generated during welding, which is beneficial to actual use. At the same time, the air port 128 is an annular opening, so that it can be A continuous annular air column is formed at the port 111 to fully protect the port of the laser head 111, and to prevent flying particles generated during welding from being reflected into the laser channel when splashing, causing damage to the internal lens of the laser head 111. In addition, the annular air column can pre-clean the unwelded part in advance, and to prevent fine dust from being present on the steel plate 103 to be welded, which is subsequently dissolved into the welding liquid and affects the welding quality. At the same time, the welding liquid after welding can be quickly cooled to prevent impurities from falling into the welding liquid before it is cooled and solidified, which is beneficial to the actual welding work. At the same time, the gas chamber 124 is arranged above the nozzle of the port of the laser head 111. When the cooling air ring blows downward, it will simultaneously cool the nozzle of the laser head 111, thereby effectively improving the service life of the nozzle, greatly extending the replacement cycle of the nozzle, and facilitating long-term use.

[0026] Among them, an environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding method includes the following steps: S1, first fix the steel plates 103 to be welded by the clamps 109 on both sides, then drive the clamps 109 on both sides and the steel plates 103 to be welded closer by the operation of the threaded jacking machine 108, and realize the precise control of the reserved gap between the steel plates 103 to be welded by the threaded jacking machine 108, and then the light-emitting frame 105 starts to work; S2, the light-emitting frame 105 emits direct light downward, so that the shadow of the steel plate 103 to be welded is mapped onto the projection plate 118, the industrial camera inside the steel plate laser welding device 1 recognizes the edge contour of the projection, and calculates the coordinate points and transmits them to the welding robot 106, and the positioning plate 112 assists the welding robot 106 to mark the zero point before laser welding; S3. During welding, the feed pump starts to work synchronously, and the black organic coating is fed into the nozzle 130 through the feed pipe and sprayed out through the nozzle 130 to spray the metal at the weld gap; S4, the welding wire is continuously introduced into the wire feeding head 120 through the continuous operation of the wire feeding wheel, so as to realize stable continuous welding operation. During welding, as the welding robot arm 106 works, the air pump starts to work synchronously; S5. The cooling gas is input into the gas bin 124 through the air pump via the vent pipe 123. After entering the gas bin 124, the gas comes into contact with the guide vane 126. The continuous entry of the cooling airflow forces the guide vane 126 and the swivel 127 to rotate. When the guide vane 126 and the swivel 127 rotate, the cooling gas is ejected from the gas port 128 in a spiral shape to form an annular gas column, which cleans up harmful gases and fine impurities generated during welding, and protects the nozzle at the port of the laser head 111 to prevent flying particles generated during welding from being reflected into the laser channel when splashing.

[0027] Working principle: In actual use, people can first fix the steel plates 103 to be welded by the clamps 109 on both sides, and then the clamps 109 on both sides and the steel plates 103 to be welded can be driven closer by the operation of the threaded jacking machine 108. The threaded jacking machine 108 can realize the precise control of the reserved gap between the steel plates 103 to be welded. At this time, the light-emitting frame 105 starts to work, and the light-emitting frame 105 emits direct light downward, so that the shadow of the steel plate 103 to be welded is mapped onto the projection plate 118. The industrial camera inside the steel plate laser welding device 1 can identify the edge contour of the projection, and can cooperate with the machine vision system to calculate the path coordinates of the gap to be welded, and can transmit it to the welding robot arm 106 via Bluetooth, and through the positioning plate 11 2 Before laser welding, the auxiliary welding robot arm 106 can be used to mark the zero point, update the coordinates, and facilitate path planning, thereby realizing automatic welding work and reducing the time wasted in manual programming. In particular, it has a higher efficiency improvement effect when dealing with curved welds. During welding, the feed pump will start working synchronously. Through the work of the feed pump, the black organic coating can be input into the nozzle 130 through the feed pipe and sprayed out through the nozzle 130, thereby realizing the spraying of the metal at the gap to be welded. The sprayed black organic coating can effectively improve the absorption efficiency of the laser energy by the steel plate 103 to be welded during welding, thereby avoiding the situation that when welding a bright metal plate, the high reflectivity of its surface may make a considerable part of the laser energy ineffective. The situation that the welding quality is poor due to the absorption of the metal for welding is improved. In this process, by receiving the data of the width of the gap to be welded obtained by the industrial camera, the control box can start the servo motor 132 accordingly. The operation of the servo motor 132 can drive the threaded rod 133 to rotate, and the rotation of the threaded rod 133 can drive the cross frame 104 to rotate. The movement of the cross frame 104 can utilize the limit columns 119 on both sides to cooperate with the guide groove 125 to adjust the inclination angle and port orientation of the two nozzles 130, so that the black organic coating can better cover the path where the laser passes, which is beneficial to cope with different welding scenarios. The continuous operation of the wire supply wheel can continuously introduce the welding wire into the wire supply head 12 0, to achieve stable continuous welding work. During welding, as the welding robot arm 106 works, the air pump starts to work synchronously, and the cooling gas can be input into the gas chamber 124 through the air pump through the vent pipe 123. After entering the gas chamber 124, the gas will start to contact the guide vane 126. The continuous entry of the cooling airflow will force the guide vane 126 and the rotating ring 127 to rotate. When the guide vane 126 and the rotating ring 127 rotate, the cooling gas will be ejected from the air port 128 in a spiral shape, thereby effectively enhancing the cleaning effect of the cooling airflow on the harmful gas and fine impurities generated during welding, which is beneficial to actual use. At the same time, the air port 128 is an annular opening, so that a continuous annular air column can be formed at the port of the laser head 111.The laser head 111 port is fully protected to prevent the flying particles generated during welding from being reflected into the laser channel when splashing and damaging the lens inside the laser head 111. The annular gas column can pre-clean the unwelded part in advance to prevent fine dust from existing on the steel plate 103 to be welded, which will be subsequently dissolved into the welding liquid and affect the welding quality. At the same time, the welding liquid after welding can be quickly cooled to prevent impurities from falling into the welding liquid before it is cooled and solidified, which is beneficial to the actual welding work. At the same time, the gas chamber 124 is arranged above the nozzle of the laser head 111 port. When the cooling gas ring blows downward, it will cool the nozzle of the laser head 111 synchronously, thereby effectively improving the service life of the nozzle and greatly extending the replacement cycle of the nozzle, which is beneficial to long-term use.

[0028] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates, comprising a steel plate laser welding device (1), characterized in that: The steel plate laser welding device (1) comprises a housing (101), a workbench (107) is installed at the front of the housing (101), a light-transmitting plate (114) is installed in the middle of the workbench (107), a projection plate (118) is arranged at the lower side of the light-transmitting plate (114), mounting frames (117) are fixedly connected to both sides of the projection plate (118), the mounting frames (117) are installed at the bottom of the workbench (107), a blackout curtain (115) is slidably connected to the bottom of the workbench (107) via a guide rail (116), the blackout curtain (115) surrounds the mounting frame (117) and the projection plate (118), and the bottom of the mounting frame (117) is connected to the housing. Industrial cameras are installed at the top of the housing (101), and the industrial cameras are electrically connected to a control box. The control box is installed at the bottom of the housing (101). A welding robot arm (106) is arranged at the rear of the workbench (107). A positioning plate (112) is installed at the rear side of the middle of the top of the workbench (107). The welding robot arm (106) and the positioning plate (112) are electrically connected to the control box. A fixing frame (110) is installed at the end of the welding robot arm (106). A laser head (111) is installed on the inner side of the fixing frame (110). A laser generator is connected to the end of the laser head (111). The laser generator is installed on one side of the rear part of the housing (101).

2. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A connecting frame 1 (121) is fixedly connected to the lower rear end of the fixing frame (110); a wire feeding head (120) is installed at one end of the connecting frame 1 (121) away from the fixing frame (110); an input end of the wire feeding head (120) is connected to a wire feeding wheel via a wire feeding tube; and the wire feeding wheel is electrically connected to a control box.

3. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The lower part of the connecting frame 1 (121) is fixedly connected to a base frame (122); one end of the base frame (122) away from the connecting frame 1 (121) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 2 (131); a servo motor (132) is installed in the middle of the connecting frame 2 (131); the servo motor (132) is electrically connected to a control box; and nozzles (130) are rotatably connected to both sides of the connecting frame 2 (131).

4. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An air chamber (124) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the lower part of the laser head (111), and fixing rods (129) are fixedly connected to both sides of the air chamber (124), and one end of the fixing rod (129) away from the air chamber (124) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing frame (110), and a rotating ring (127) is rotatably connected inside the air chamber (124), and evenly distributed guide plates (126) are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rotating ring (127), and the guide plates (126) are all inclinedly arranged and arranged inside the air chamber (124), and an air port (128) is opened at the bottom of the air chamber (124).

5. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 3 is characterized by: The ends of the nozzles (130) are fixedly connected to a feed pipe, the ends of the feed pipes away from the nozzles (130) are connected to a feed pump, the feed pumps are connected to a paint tank, the feed pumps and the paint tanks are installed inside the housing (101), the middle of the side close to the nozzles (130) is fixedly connected to a limit block (134), the middle of the limit blocks (134) are provided with guide grooves (125), and the two guide grooves (125) are symmetrically arranged oblique grooves.

6. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 5 is characterized by: The guide grooves (125) are slidably connected to limit posts (119), the limit posts (119) are fixedly connected to both ends of the cross frame (104), a threaded rod (133) passes through the middle of the cross frame (104), the threaded rod (133) is fixedly connected to the driving end of the servo motor (132), and the threaded rod (133) is threadedly connected to the cross frame (104).

7. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 4 is characterized by: The air port (128) is an annular opening. Both sides of the top of the air bin (124) are fixedly connected with ventilation pipes (123). The ventilation pipes (123) are limited on both sides of the fixing frame (110) by buckles. The ends of the ventilation pipes (123) away from the air bin (124) are connected to cooling air pumps. The cooling air pumps are installed inside the casing (101).

8. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 1 is characterized by: Both sides of the upper front end of the housing (101) are connected to protective windows (102) via hinges, and a light-emitting frame (105) is installed on the front side of the top of the housing (101), with the bottom of the light-emitting frame (105) facing the light-transmitting plate (114) and the projection plate (118).

9. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the top of the workbench (107) are fixedly connected to fixed plates (113), the top of the fixed plates (113) are fixedly connected to symmetrical thread extension machines (108), the telescopic ends of the thread extension machines (108) are fixedly connected to clamping seats (109), and the clamping parts of the clamping seats (109) clamp the steel plates (103) to be welded, so that a gap to be welded is formed between the two steel plates (103) to be welded.

10. An environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding method, applied to an environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, firstly, the steel plates (103) to be welded are fixed respectively by the clamping seats (109) on both sides, and then, the clamping seats (109) on both sides and the steel plates (103) to be welded are driven to approach each other by the operation of the threaded jacking machine (108), and the reserved gap between the steel plates (103) to be welded is precisely controlled by the threaded jacking machine (108), and at this time, the light-emitting frame (105) starts to work; S2, the light-emitting frame (105) emits direct light downward, so that the shadow of the steel plate (103) to be welded is projected onto the projection plate (118), the edge contour of the projection is recognized by the industrial camera inside the steel plate laser welding device (1), and the coordinate points are calculated and transmitted to the welding robot arm (106), and the positioning plate (112) assists the welding robot arm (106) in performing zero point marking before laser welding; S3. During welding, the feed pump starts to work synchronously. The feed pump feeds the black organic coating into the nozzle (130) through the feed pipe and sprays it out through the nozzle (130) to coat the metal at the weld gap. S4, the welding wire is continuously introduced into the wire feeding head (120) by the continuous operation of the wire feeding wheel, so as to achieve stable continuous welding operation. During welding, as the welding robot arm (106) operates, the air pump starts to work synchronously; S5. The cooling gas is input into the gas chamber (124) through the air pump via the ventilation pipe (123). After entering the gas chamber (124), the gas comes into contact with the guide vane (126). The continuous entry of the cooling gas flow forces the guide vane (126) and the rotating ring (127) to rotate. When the guide vane (126) and the rotating ring (127) rotate, the cooling gas is ejected from the gas port (128) in a spiral shape to form an annular gas column, thereby cleaning harmful gases and fine impurities generated during welding, and protecting the nozzle at the port of the laser head (111) to prevent flying particles generated during welding from being reflected into the laser channel when splashing.

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