Main shaft rotation auxiliary supporting device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a main shaft rotation auxiliary supporting device which comprises a machine tool and a rotation auxiliary supporting mechanism arranged on a machine tool body in a sliding mode. The auxiliary supporting mechanism comprises a supporting base arranged on the machine tool body in a sliding mode, a rotary clamping part arranged on the supporting base and a driving part arranged on the machine tool and in transmission connection with the bottom of the supporting base. The rotary clamping part can rotate on the upper part of the supporting seat; the driving part drives the supporting seat to slide on the machine tool body; the rotary clamping part can synchronously rotate along with a workpiece and is high in precision, machining errors caused by the fact that the supporting device and the workpiece are not synchronous or low in precision are effectively reduced, the machining precision of long-axis parts is remarkably improved, and the strict requirement for precision of high-precision deep hole machining and the like in the special industry is met; for example, in the machining of long-axis parts in the aerospace field, after the device is adopted, the dimensional accuracy and form and location tolerance of the parts can be stably controlled within an extremely small range, and the quality and reliability of products are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing equipment, in particular to a spindle rotation auxiliary support device. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are many CNC machine tools in the field of mechanical processing equipment, especially multifunctional high-speed and high-precision CNC lathes. The traditional method of processing parts is to use two tops and one clamp, but this method cannot guarantee the high precision of parts when long-axis parts need to be processed; in general, the method of adding supporting devices such as center frames is used to improve the accuracy, but due to structural reasons, ordinary center frames cannot rotate synchronously with the workpiece or can rotate but with low accuracy and difficult to ensure high precision. In addition, manufacturing errors and assembly errors result in low accuracy and high noise, especially for some special industries. The high-precision deep hole processing accuracy is difficult to guarantee, and thus cannot meet the processing requirements; therefore, based on the above reasons, in order to improve the processing accuracy of long-axis parts and promote the development of high-precision long-axis CNC lathes, I invented a high-speed precision dual-spindle rotary auxiliary support device, which can greatly enhance the high-precision processing capability of long-axis CNC lathes and solve the problem of high-precision processing. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a spindle rotation auxiliary support device for solving the problems existing in the existing methods mentioned in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a spindle rotation auxiliary support device, comprising a machine tool and a rotation auxiliary support mechanism slidably arranged on the machine tool bed, the auxiliary support mechanism comprising a support seat slidably arranged on the machine tool bed, a rotating clamping part arranged on the support seat, and a driving part arranged on the machine tool and transmission-connected to the bottom of the support seat; the rotating clamping part can rotate on the upper part of the support seat, and the driving part drives the support seat to slide on the machine tool bed.

[0005] Furthermore, the support seat is composed of a support lower body that slides with the machine tool bed through a guide rail and a support upper body arranged on the support lower body; the support lower body and the support upper body are detachably connected by bolts, and the support upper body is composed of two support plates connected to the support lower body by bolts, and a coaxial circular opening is opened through the middle of the two support plates.

[0006] Furthermore, the rotating clamping part includes a bearing, a rotating ring and a clamping assembly; the bearing and the rotating ring are each provided with two, the two bearings are respectively located in the openings in the middle of the two support plates, the outer ring of the bearing is connected to the opening, the inner ring of the bearing is connected to one side of the rotating ring, and the clamping assembly is arranged between the two rotating rings and four groups are provided equidistantly along the circumference of the rotating ring.

[0007] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a rotating body, a sliding body, a screw end cover and a screw; the rotating body is provided with two and is respectively connected to two rotating rings, the screw end cover is provided at the ends of the two rotating bodies, the sliding body is slidably provided between the two rotating bodies, the screw is rotatably provided on the screw end cover and is threadedly matched with the sliding body through a nut, and a head body is provided at the end of the sliding body.

[0008] Furthermore, the driving unit includes a motor arranged on the machine tool, a gear connected to the output shaft of the motor, and a rack arranged on the supporting lower body, the gear is meshed with the rack, and a reducer is arranged between the motor and the gear.

[0009] Furthermore, a rotating nut is provided on one end of the screw rod.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Improve machining accuracy; compared with the traditional two-top and one-clamp or ordinary center frame, the spindle rotation auxiliary support device of the present invention can better meet the machining needs of long-axis parts; its rotating clamping part can rotate synchronously with the workpiece with high precision, effectively reducing the machining error caused by the lack of synchronization or low precision of the support device and the workpiece, significantly improving the machining accuracy of long-axis parts, and meeting the strict requirements of precision for high-precision deep hole machining in special industries; for example, in the machining of long-axis parts in the aerospace field, after adopting this device, the dimensional accuracy and form and position tolerance of the parts can be stably controlled within a very small range, thereby improving the quality and reliability of the product.

[0011] 2. Reduce noise and wear; due to the high matching accuracy of the various components of the device, especially the structural design of the bearing and rotating ring of the rotating clamping part, the friction of the device is reduced during operation, thereby reducing the noise generation, while also reducing the wear of parts, extending the service life of the device, and improving the stability and reliability of the production process; in long-term production operation, compared with traditional supporting devices, the maintenance times of the device of the present invention are significantly reduced, which reduces equipment maintenance costs and downtime, and improves production efficiency.

[0012] 3. Flexible structure and easy operation: The split design of the support seat and the gear rack transmission mode of the drive unit make the device compact and easy to operate; the detachable connection between the support lower body and the support upper body facilitates installation, maintenance and replacement of parts; the drive unit can easily realize the longitudinal movement of the support seat, and the operator can quickly adjust the position of the device according to the processing situation, which improves work efficiency, reduces labor intensity, and adapts to various processing scenarios and production needs; during the processing of long shaft parts of different specifications, the operator can quickly adjust the clamping position and support height of the device without complicated tools and long debugging, which greatly shortens the processing preparation time and improves production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0014] In the figure: 1. Support seat; 2. Rotating clamping part; 3. Driving part; 4. Support lower body; 5. Support upper body; 6. Opening; 7. Bearing; 8. Rotating ring; 9. Rotating body; 10. Sliding body; 11. Screw end cover; 12. Screw; 13. Nut; 14. Head body; 15. Rotating nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 , a spindle rotation auxiliary support device, including a machine tool and a rotation auxiliary support mechanism slidably arranged on the machine tool bed, the auxiliary support mechanism includes a support seat 1 slidably arranged on the machine tool bed, a rotating clamping part 2 arranged on the support seat 1, and a driving part 3 arranged on the machine tool and connected to the bottom of the support seat 1 by transmission; the rotating clamping part 2 can rotate on the upper part of the support seat 1, and the driving part 3 drives the support seat 1 to slide on the machine tool bed; the support seat 1 is composed of a supporting lower body 4 that is slidably matched with the machine tool bed through a guide rail and a supporting upper body 5 arranged on the supporting lower body 4; the supporting lower body 4 and the supporting upper body 5 are detachably connected by bolts, and the supporting upper body 5 is composed of two supporting plates connected to the supporting lower body 4 by bolts, and a coaxial circular opening 6 is opened in the middle of the two supporting plates; the rotating clamping part 2 includes a bearing 7, a rotating ring 8 and a clamping assembly; the bearing 7 and the rotating ring 8 are each provided with two, two bearings 7 are respectively located in the openings 6 in the middle of the two support plates, the outer ring of the bearing 7 is connected to the opening 6, the inner ring of the bearing 7 is connected to one side of the rotating ring 8, the clamping assembly is arranged between the two rotating rings 8 and four groups are arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the rotating ring 8; wherein the clamping assembly includes a rotating body 9, a sliding body 10, a screw end cover 11 and a screw 12; there are two rotating bodies 9 and they are respectively connected to the two rotating rings 8, the screw end cover 11 is arranged at the ends of the two rotating bodies 9, the sliding body 10 is slidingly arranged between the two rotating bodies 9, the screw 12 is rotatably arranged on the screw end cover 11 and is threadedly matched with the sliding body 10 through a nut 13, a head body 14 is arranged at the end of the sliding body 10, and a rotating nut 15 is arranged on one end of the screw 12; and the driving part 3 includes a motor arranged on the machine tool, a gear connected to the output shaft of the motor, and a rack arranged on the supporting lower body 4; the gear is meshed with the rack, and a reducer is arranged between the motor and the gear.

[0016] For each component of the support seat 1, the support lower body 4 and the support upper body 5 need to be finely processed. The support lower body 4 must ensure the accuracy of sliding cooperation with the machine tool bed guide rail. The flatness of its sliding surface must be controlled within a very small tolerance range, and the surface roughness must meet the precision processing requirements. For example, the grinding process is used to process it to Ra0.8 - Ra1.6μm; when processing the two support plates of the support upper body 5, a high-precision boring process is used to ensure that the coaxiality error of the central circular opening 6 is within ±0.01mm, and at the same time, the cylindricity of the opening is ensured to meet the design standards.

[0017] The bearing 7 of the rotating clamping part 2 adopts high-precision bearings, and the roundness, cylindricity and surface roughness of the inner and outer ring raceways thereof must meet the precision machining specifications, for example, the raceway roundness error is controlled within ±0.002mm, and the surface roughness reaches Ra0.2 - Ra0.4μm; when machining the rotating ring 8, the matching accuracy with the inner ring of the bearing 7 must be ensured, and the CNC machining center is used for turning and grinding to ensure that its dimensional accuracy and form and position tolerances meet the design requirements; the connection between the rotating body 9 and the rotating ring 8 needs to be precisely milled and ground to ensure the flatness and verticality of the connection surface to ensure the stability and rotation accuracy of the two after the connection; the threaded hole for the sliding body 10 to cooperate with the screw 12 adopts high-precision thread machining technology, such as tap grinding, to ensure that the pitch accuracy and mean diameter accuracy of the thread are within ±0.005mm, and to ensure the transmission accuracy between the screw 12 and the sliding body 10; the machining accuracy of the screw 12 itself is also crucial, and its straightness error is controlled within ±0.003mm / m The threaded part is processed by grinding technology to ensure the surface quality and accuracy of the thread.

[0018] For the parts of the drive unit 3, the motor needs to be of suitable speed and torque output model to meet the power requirements of the device; the gears and racks are made of high-quality alloy steel and processed through precision hobbing and grinding processes to ensure that the gear module, number of teeth, tooth shape and other parameters are accurate, the tooth surface roughness reaches Ra0.4 - Ra0.8μm, and the rack pitch accuracy is controlled within ±0.005mm to ensure the meshing accuracy and transmission stability of the gear and rack; the reducer needs to be selected and debugged according to the motor output and the final torque and speed required by the device to ensure its accurate reduction ratio, high transmission efficiency and smooth operation.

[0019] When in use, first assemble the processed support lower body 4 and support upper body 5. Before assembling, clean and deburr the connecting surfaces of the two to ensure that the surface is flat and smooth; after positioning with the locating pin, connect with high-strength bolts, and the tightening torque of the bolts is strictly controlled according to the design requirements. For example, use a torque wrench to gradually tighten to the specified torque value (such as the tightening torque of M12 bolts is 80-100N・m) in multiple times to ensure the tightness and reliability of the connection and prevent loosening during use; then install the two high-precision bearings 7 into the openings 6 of the two support plates of the support upper body 5 respectively. During installation, the temperature difference method or a special bearing installation tool can be used to ensure that the outer ring of the bearing 7 is tightly fitted with the opening 6 and the coaxiality is good. For the interference fit, first heat the bearing 7 to a suitable temperature (generally not exceeding 100°C) and then quickly install it into the opening 6 to form a tight fit after cooling; install the rotating ring 8 on the inner ring of the bearing 7, and apply during the installation process. An appropriate amount of high-performance grease, such as lithium-based grease, can be used to reduce rotational friction and ensure flexible rotation without obvious clearance. The axial positioning of the rotating ring 8 must be accurate, and the limit can be achieved by means of a shaft shoulder or a retaining spring. Then assemble the clamping assembly, connect and fix the two rotating bodies 9 to the two rotating rings 8 respectively. The connection parts can be connected with high-strength bolts, and anti-loosening washers can be installed to ensure a firm connection. Install the screw end cover 11 to the end of the rotating body 9 to ensure the verticality and flatness of the screw end cover 11 and the rotating body 9. The grinding process can be used to process the connection surface, and the screw 12 can be rotated. Install it on the screw end cover 11. During installation, the axial positioning of the screw 12 must be accurate. A thrust ball bearing can be used for axial limiting. The thrust ball bearing is installed at a suitable position between the screw 12 and the screw end cover 11 to ensure the axial stability and accuracy of the screw 12 during rotation. The sliding body 10 is installed between the two rotating bodies 9 through the threaded fit of the nut 13 and the screw 12. When installing the nut 13, the threaded fit accuracy between it and the screw 12 must be ensured. The matching method can be used to select a suitable nut 13 and screw 12 for assembly. Finally, install it at the end of the sliding body 10. The head body 14 is installed. The head body 14 and the sliding body 10 are fixed by threaded connection or welding to ensure the connection strength. The head of the head body 14 is properly heat treated and ground to improve its wear resistance and surface hardness to ensure effective clamping of the workpiece. The motor is installed on the machine tool. The motor mounting surface is ground to ensure that the flatness is within ±0.01mm. The motor is fixed to the mounting seat of the machine tool by high-strength bolts. The motor output shaft and the reducer input shaft are connected by an elastic coupling. The installation of the coupling must ensure that the coaxiality error is within ±0.005mm, to prevent the motor from generating vibration and additional axial force during operation. The output shaft of the reducer is connected to the gear by a key. The key and keyway must have high matching accuracy to ensure a firm connection without looseness. The rack is installed on the support lower body 4. The meshing accuracy of the gear and the rack is ensured by adjusting the gasket or grinding the rack mounting surface. The meshing clearance is controlled within ±0.02mm. A feeler gauge can be used for measurement and adjustment. At the same time, the motor, reducer, etc. must be debugged to check whether they are running normally and whether parameters such as speed and torque meet the design requirements. During debugging, professional motor testing equipment and torque measuring instruments can be used to measure and adjust the speed of the motor so that it can run stably within the rated speed range. The output torque of the reducer is tested to ensure that it meets the torque requirements required for the device to drive the support seat 1 to move. .

[0020] After completing the above assembly, debug the entire spindle rotation auxiliary support device; first check whether the support seat 1 slides smoothly on the machine tool bed, manually push the support seat 1, and feel its sliding resistance. If the resistance is too large, check whether there are foreign objects, scratches or processing defects on the guide rail mating surface, and clean, repair or adjust it; the dial indicator can be used to measure the straightness and flatness of the support seat 1 during the sliding process. The straightness error is controlled within ±0.02mm / m, and the flatness error is controlled within ±0.01mm. If it exceeds the range, re-grind the guide rail or adjust the slider of the support seat 1; turn on the motor, test the speed and accuracy of the driving unit 3 to drive the support seat 1 to slide, use high-precision measuring equipment such as laser interferometer to detect the displacement accuracy of the support seat 1, and measure the moving distance and positioning accuracy of the support seat 1 at different speed gears. The positioning accuracy is required to reach ±0.01mm If it does not meet the requirements, adjust the parameters such as motor speed, reducer transmission ratio or gear rack meshing clearance until the designed moving speed and positioning accuracy requirements are met; for the rotating clamping part 2, check its rotation flexibility and clamping accuracy, install a simulated workpiece for clamping test, and measure the radial runout and axial movement of the workpiece with a micrometer. The radial runout is controlled within ±0.005mm, and the axial movement is controlled within ±0.003mm. If the accuracy is not up to standard, check and adjust the bearing 7, screw 12, thrust ball bearing and other related components, such as checking whether the bearing 7 is damaged or improperly installed, readjust the axial and radial clearances of the screw 12, and appropriately adjust the preload of the thrust ball bearing, etc., until the overall performance of the device meets the design standards.

[0021] Working principle of the present invention: During the machining process, when long-axis parts need to be machined, the parts are mounted on the main shaft of the machine tool, and the main shaft rotation auxiliary support device of the present invention is in the working position; the motor of the driving part 3 is started, and the output torque of the motor is transmitted to the gear after being decelerated and torque-increased by the reducer, and the gear is meshed with the rack at the bottom of the support seat 1, thereby driving the support seat 1 to slide on the machine tool bed and move it to a suitable position for auxiliary support of long-axis parts; during the movement of the support seat 1, the cooperation between the guide rail and the support lower body 4 ensures the stability and linearity of the movement.

[0022] When the support seat 1 is in place, by rotating the rotating nut 15 at one end of the screw rod 12, the screw rod 12 rotates and uses the nut 13 to cooperate with the thread of the sliding body 10 to push the sliding body 10 to slide between the two rotating bodies 9, so that the head body 14 approaches and clamps the long shaft parts; due to the special structure of the rotating clamping part 2, the bearing 7 and the rotating ring 8 can ensure that the clamping assembly can rotate flexibly with the rotation of the part, reduce friction and wear, and ensure stable support for the part; during the processing, with the rotation of the part and the action of the cutting force, the rotating clamping part 2 can adaptively adjust its position to ensure the processing accuracy of the part; the driving part 3 can adjust the position of the support seat 1 at any time according to the processing requirements, so as to achieve effective auxiliary support for long shaft parts of different lengths and processing positions, and improve the stability and accuracy of the processing process.

Claims

1. A spindle rotation auxiliary support device, comprising a machine tool and a rotation auxiliary support mechanism slidably arranged on a machine tool bed, characterized in that: The auxiliary support mechanism comprises a support seat (1) slidably mounted on a machine tool bed, a rotatable clamping portion (2) mounted on the support seat (1), and a driving portion (3) mounted on the machine tool and drivingly connected to the bottom of the support seat (1); the rotatable clamping portion (2) can rotate on the upper portion of the support seat (1), and the driving portion (3) drives the support seat (1) to slide on the machine tool bed.

2. A spindle rotation auxiliary support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support seat (1) is composed of a support lower body (4) that is slidably matched with a machine tool bed via a guide rail, and a support upper body (5) disposed on the support lower body (4); the support lower body (4) and the support upper body (5) are detachably connected via bolts, and the support upper body (5) is composed of two support plates that are connected to the support lower body (4) via bolts, and a coaxial circular opening (6) is formed through the middle of the two support plates.

3. A spindle rotation auxiliary support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating clamping portion (2) comprises a bearing (7), a rotating ring (8) and a clamping assembly; two bearings (7) and two rotating rings (8) are provided, the two bearings (7) are respectively located in openings (6) in the middle of two support plates, the outer ring of the bearing (7) is connected to the opening (6), the inner ring of the bearing (7) is connected to one side of the rotating ring (8), and the clamping assembly is arranged between the two rotating rings (8) and four groups are provided equidistantly along the circumference of the rotating ring (8).

4. A spindle rotation auxiliary support device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping assembly comprises a rotating body (9), a sliding body (10), a screw end cover (11) and a screw (12); the rotating body (9) is provided with two and respectively connected to two rotating rings (8); the screw end cover (11) is provided at the ends of the two rotating bodies (9); the sliding body (10) is slidably provided between the two rotating bodies (9); the screw (12) is rotatably provided on the screw end cover (11) and is threadably engaged with the sliding body (10) through a nut (13); and a head body (14) is provided at the end of the sliding body (10).

5. The spindle rotation auxiliary support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving part (3) comprises a motor arranged on the machine tool, a gear connected to the output shaft of the motor, and a rack arranged on the supporting lower body (4); the gear is meshed with the rack, and a reducer is arranged between the motor and the gear.

6. A spindle rotation auxiliary support device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotating nut (15) is provided on one end of the screw rod (12).

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