A safety speed limiting device for carriage

Abstract

The invention discloses a safety speed limiting device for a horse-drawn carriage, comprising a wheel hub (1) divided into a wheel hub outer ring (11) and a wheel hub inner ring (12), which are connected into one body through a spoke plate (13); an end cover (2) is sleeved on an end shaft diameter (51), a flange (21) is provided on a lower disc, a bevel plate (4) is provided on the left side surface of the flange (21), a metal ball (6) is placed at the bottom of the annular space between the spoke plate (13) and the end cover (2); when the wheel hub (1) rotates, the end shaft diameter (51) of the axle 5 drives the bevel plate (4) to move forward in parallel, and the bevel plate (4) pushes the metal ball (6) to move on the inner cylindrical surface of the wheel hub outer ring 11; when the speed of the horse-drawn carriage exceeds the speed limit, the metal ball (6) moves upward along the bevel plate (4) to clamp the wheel hub inner ring 12, and the wheel hub 1 no longer rotates. After the vehicle speed is reduced, the metal ball automatically rolls down under the action of gravity, and the horse-drawn carriage can travel normally. The device can effectively prevent the horse-drawn carriage from losing control and speeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a wheel speed limiting device, in particular to a safe speed limiting wheel hub for a carriage. Background Art

[0002] In the past, horse-drawn carriages were the most commonly used means of transportation in rural areas. In rural areas today, especially in remote mountain villages, horse-drawn carriages are still used to carry out transportation and other agricultural labor in rural areas to a certain extent. In cities, some tourist attractions also have horse-drawn carriage services. However, some horses, due to long-term labor or long-term tying of the reins, will run away at the first opportunity. Some horses are naturally timid, and they will be "horsed" by some sudden noise or suddenly seeing some strange objects. Horse-frightening incidents are very scary, especially for horses pulling carts. The carts are large and fast. Some horse-drawn carriages with manual brakes have no time to operate, or the driver is doing other things, and the carriage has already rushed out and ran all the way. In places where people gather, people often have no time to avoid them, causing casualties. A frightened horse can pull a carriage at a very fast speed. A normally moving carriage usually does not exceed 10 kilometers per hour, but a frightened horse can run at a speed of 15 or even 20 kilometers per hour. However, a horse does not have much strength. If there is an automatic braking device to limit the speed, the frightened horse will not be able to run more than a few steps and will have to stop if it cannot pull the carriage, thus avoiding accidents. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a safe speed limiter for a carriage, which can automatically lock the wheels and prevent them from rotating when the carriage is frightened by a horse and runs wildly, thereby achieving automatic braking, so as to prevent the occurrence of injuries caused by the frightened horse and the carriage running wildly under various circumstances.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A safety speed limiting device for a carriage, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, it includes a wheel hub 1, an end cover 2, bolts 3, a bevel plate 4, an axle 5, a metal ball 6, a wheel hub outer ring 11, a wheel hub inner ring 12, a spoke plate 13, a flange 21, a circular hole 22, an arc edge 41, an end shaft diameter 51, and a shaft shoulder 52.

[0006] The wheel hub 1 is made of metal, and includes a wheel hub outer ring 11 and a wheel hub inner ring 12. The outer edge of the wheel hub outer ring 11 is radially concave for mounting a rubber tire. The wheel hub inner ring 12 is cylindrical and is connected to the wheel hub outer ring 11 and the wheel hub inner ring 12 via a spoke plate 13.

[0007] The wheel hub inner ring 12 is connected to the axle 5, and the vehicle body is fixed on the axle 5. The diameter of the end shaft diameter 51 of the axle 5 is smaller than the diameter of the axle 5, forming a shoulder 52. The end shaft diameter 51 of the axle 5 is inserted into the cylindrical inner hole of the wheel hub inner ring 12, and the left end of the wheel hub inner ring 12 is clamped at the shoulder 52 of the axle 5. The right end of the end shaft diameter 51 is fixedly installed with the end cover 2 by bolts 3. The shoulder 52 and the left end face of the end cover 2 jointly position the wheel hub 1 axially, and the wheel hub 1 can rotate around the end shaft diameter 51.

[0008] The end cover 2 is in the shape of a concave disc, the concave part of which is mounted on the end shaft diameter 51, and the bottom surface of the concave part has evenly distributed circular holes 22 for the bolts 3 to pass through. The lower disc of the end cover 2 has a fan-shaped flange 21, and the left side surface of the flange 21 has an inclined panel 4, and a gap is left between the bottom of the inclined panel 4 and the inner cylindrical surface of the hub outer ring 11.

[0009] The spoke plate 13 is located on the left side of the hub outer ring 11 and the hub inner ring 12, and an annular space is formed between the spoke plate 13, the end cover 2 and the inner cylindrical surface of the hub outer ring 11. A metal ball 6 is placed on the inner cylindrical surface of the hub outer ring 11 at the bottom of the annular space, and the metal ball 6 is facing the inclined surface of the inclined plate 4. When the carriage pulls the axle 5 forward to the left, the hub 1 generates friction with the ground through the tire, so that the hub outer ring 11 and the hub inner ring 12 rotate counterclockwise, the axle 5 and the end shaft diameter 51 do not rotate, driving the inclined plate 4 to move forward in parallel, and the front end arc edge 41 of the inclined plate 4 pushes the metal ball 6 to move on the inner cylindrical surface of the hub outer ring 11.

[0010] The startled horse drives the axle 5 to run wildly. When the vehicle speed exceeds a certain value, the metal ball 6 passes over the arc edge 41 at the front end of the inclined plate 4 and moves upward along the inclined surface under the action of inertia force and friction with the outer ring 11 of the wheel hub. Figure 7 shown.

[0011] To make the metal ball 6 move upward along the inclined plane, the inclined plate 4 should be accelerated forward, and the acceleration is At this time, the inclined plane can be regarded as a non-inertial system, thus introducing the inertial force and Equal in size and opposite in direction.

[0012] The inertial acceleration Decomposed into P and Q, the dynamic equation of the metal ball along the inclined plane is

[0013] ma*cosα=mg+μmgcosα (1)

[0014] If the metal ball 6 is moved upward,

[0015] ma*cosα>mg+μmgcosα (2)

[0016] In the above formula (1), m is the mass of the metal ball, g is the acceleration of gravity, α is the inclination angle between the inclined plate 4 and the horizontal plane, and μ is the rolling friction coefficient between the metal ball 6 and the inclined plane.

[0017] have

[0018]

[0019] The direction of the inclined plane acceleration a is to the left.

[0020] The speed of the inclined plate 4 moving left

[0021] v=v0+at (5)

[0022]

[0023] v is the speed at which the inclined plate 4 moves to the left when the metal ball 6 moves up along the inclined plane;

[0024] v0 is the initial speed of the inclined plate 4 moving to the left, which is generally within the normal speed range of the carriage;

[0025] t is the time it takes for the carriage to accelerate to reach speed v.

[0026] The above formula shows that the speed v of the frightened horse carriage is reasonably set. When the frightened horse carriage can reach the speed v value within the time t, it means that the acceleration a of the inclined plate 4 moving to the left has reached the value that can make the metal ball 6 move upward along the inclined plate. The metal ball 6 moves upward along the inclined surface and contacts the outer cylindrical surface of the high-speed rotating wheel hub inner ring 12. The metal ball 6 will be stuck between the wheel hub inner ring 12 and the non-rotating inclined plate 4, and the wheel hub 2 will no longer rotate.

[0027] The cylindrical inner hole of the wheel hub inner ring 12 is connected with the end shaft diameter 51 by clearance fit.

[0028] The bolt 3 is provided with an adjusting washer 31 , and the adjusting washer 31 is located between the end shaft diameter 51 and the end cover 2 .

[0029] The center of gravity of the metal ball 6 is higher than the arc edge 41 at the front end of the inclined plate 4 .

[0030] It can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention that the beneficial effects of a safety speed limiter for a horse-drawn carriage provided by an embodiment of the present invention are as follows: (1) The speed v that limits the frightened horse-drawn carriage to run wildly is reasonably set. When the speed of the frightened horse-drawn carriage to run wildly is greater than v, the metal ball 6 moves along the inclined surface and instantly connects with the outer cylindrical surface of the high-speed rotating wheel hub inner ring 12. The metal ball 6 will jam the wheel hub inner ring 12, and the wheel hub 1 will no longer rotate. The huge friction force generated by the tire and the ground will automatically prevent the frightened horse from running wildly. When the carriage stops, the metal ball will automatically roll down under the action of gravity, separating the rotating wheel hub 2 from the non-rotating axle 5, and the carriage can move normally; (2) In low-speed running devices such as mountain carts with a slope, it can effectively prevent uncontrolled speeding; (3) It is entirely composed of mechanical structures, with simple structure, safe and reliable operation, long-term use, and low maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a safety speed limiting device for a carriage provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic AA cross-sectional view of a safety speed limiting device for a carriage provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a safety speed limiting device for a carriage provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. BB.

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an end cover of a safety speed limiting device for a carriage provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a C-view diagram of a safety speed limiting device for a carriage provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the axle structure of a safety speed limiting device for a carriage provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the principle of a metal ball in a safety speed limiting device for a carriage moving up an inclined plane provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1, wheel hub, 2, end cover, 3, bolt, 4, inclined plate, 5, axle, 6, metal ball, 11, wheel hub outer ring, 12, wheel hub inner ring, 13, spoke plate, 21, flange, 22, round hole, 31, adjustment gasket, 41, arc edge, 51, end shaft diameter, 52, shaft shoulder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] The biggest advantage of a safety speed limiting device for a horse-drawn carriage is that it can automatically limit the sudden speeding of the carriage. The method adopted is to set the speed limiting device in the rubber wheel hub used for the carriage.

[0042] The technical solution is applicable to a carriage with two symmetrical wheels, and the technical solution is only illustrated with the structure of a single wheel in the attached drawings. Different from the existing rubber-wheeled horse-drawn carriage wheel hub, the wheel hub 1 in the present technical solution is made of metal, including a wheel hub outer ring 11 and a wheel hub inner ring 12. The outer edge of the wheel hub outer ring 11 is radially concave for mounting a rubber tire. The wheel hub inner ring 12 is cylindrical, and the wheel hub outer ring 11 and the wheel hub inner ring 12 are connected as a whole through a spoke plate 13; the cylindrical inner hole of the wheel hub inner ring 12 is used to mount the axle 5, and the vehicle body is fixed on the axle 5. The end diameter 51 of the axle 5 has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the axle 5, forming a shoulder 52. The end diameter 51 of the axle 5 is inserted into the cylindrical inner hole of the wheel hub inner ring 12, and the left end of the wheel hub inner ring 12 is clamped at the shoulder 52 of the axle 5. The right end of the end diameter 51 is fixedly mounted with the end cover 2 by bolts 3. The shoulder 52 and the left end face of the end cover 2 jointly position the wheel hub 1 axially, and the wheel hub 1 can only rotate around the end diameter 51.

[0043] The end cover 2 is a concave disc, and the concave part is mounted on the end shaft diameter 51. The concave part has evenly distributed round holes 22 for bolts to pass through. The end cover 2 is fixed to the end shaft diameter 51 with bolts 3. The lower disc of the end cover 2 has a flange 21, and the left side of the flange 21 has an inclined plate 4. There is a gap between the bottom of the inclined plate 4 and the inner cylindrical surface of the hub outer ring 11. When the carriage is running, the body is fixed on the axle 5, so the axle 5 does not rotate, and the end cover 2 fixed on the axle and the inclined plate 4 on the end cover 2 do not rotate either, but only move parallel to the forward direction.

[0044] The spoke plate 13 is located on the left side of the hub outer ring 11 and the hub inner ring 12, and an annular space is formed between the spoke plate 13, the end cover 2 and the inner cylindrical surface of the hub outer ring 11. A metal ball 6 is placed on the inner cylindrical surface of the hub outer ring 11 at the bottom of the annular space. The metal ball 6 is facing the inclined surface of the inclined plate 4. When the carriage pulls the axle 5 forward to the left, the hub 1 generates friction with the bottom surface through the tire, so that the hub outer ring 11 and the hub inner ring 12 both rotate counterclockwise, and the front end arc edge 41 of the non-rotating inclined surface 4 pushes the metal ball 6 to move without affecting the rotation of the wheel.

[0045] When the horse is startled and the axle 5 runs wildly, and the speed exceeds a certain value, the metal ball 6 moves upward along the inclined surface over the arc edge 41 at the front end of the inclined plate 4 under the action of inertia and friction with the outer ring 11 of the wheel hub. The conditions for the metal ball 6 to move upward along the inclined plate 4 are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, it can be concluded that:

[0046]

[0047] v is the speed at which the inclined plate 4 moves to the left when the metal ball 6 moves up along the inclined plane.

[0048] t is the time taken for the carriage to accelerate to reach speed v.

[0049] Select a suitable inclination angle α of the inclined plate 4 relative to the horizontal plane, and reasonably set the speed v that limits the horse-frightening carriage. When the speed of the horse-frightening carriage is greater than v, the metal ball 6 moves along the inclined surface and instantly connects with the outer cylindrical surface of the high-speed rotating wheel hub inner ring 12. The metal ball 6 will jam the wheel hub inner ring 12, and the wheel hub 2 will no longer rotate. The frightened horse can only run a few steps and has to stop if it cannot pull the carriage, thereby avoiding serious accidents such as personal injury or heavy property loss.

[0050] Preferably, the inclination angle α of the inclined plate 4 relative to the horizontal plane should be between 20 and 30 degrees. The normal speed of a carriage is generally about 10 kilometers per hour, and a frightened horse can run at 15 or even more than 20 kilometers per hour, so the speed of v can be set to about 15 kilometers per hour. Table 1 shows the relationship between the carriage speed from 0 to the time t required for the metal ball 6 to start moving up when α and v have different values ​​(μ takes the rolling friction coefficient between steel and cast iron as 0.18).

[0051] Table 1

[0052]

[0053] It can be seen from Table 1 that when α is 20°, the carriage starts to accelerate from an initial velocity of 0. If it takes 0.77s to reach the limited speed of 15km / h, and takes 1.0s to reach the limited speed of 20km / h, the metal ball 6 can move upward along the inclined plane; when α is 30°, the carriage starts to accelerate from an initial velocity of 0. If it takes 0.56s to reach the limited speed of 15km / h, and takes 0.77s to reach the limited speed of 20km / h, the metal ball 6 starts to move upward along the inclined plane. Table 1 shows that the carriage starts to accelerate from an initial velocity of 0. If it is a moving carriage, then due to the existence of the initial velocity v0, the time taken to reach the limited speed v is shorter. It can be seen from formula (6) that, in fact, no matter how long it takes, as long as the speed exceeds the v value, the metal ball 6 can move upward along the inclined plane.

[0054] At the moment when the metal ball 6 moves upward and contacts the outer cylindrical surface of the inner ring 12 of the wheel hub, the inner ring 12 of the wheel hub rotates counterclockwise ( Figure 2 ) and the metal ball 6 generate friction force that immediately jams the metal ball 6 between the inner ring 12 of the wheel hub and the inclined plate 4, jamming the inner ring 12 of the wheel hub and preventing it from rotating, and the wheel hub 1 no longer rotates. That is, when the horse-frightened carriage reaches the limited speed v, the metal ball 6 can move to jam the wheel hub 1 in a very short time, and the huge friction force generated by the tire and the ground automatically prevents the frightened horse from running wildly. When the carriage stops, the metal ball automatically rolls down under the action of gravity, separating the rotating wheel hub 2 from the non-rotating axle 5, and the carriage can move normally.

[0055] Since the wheel speed of the carriage is very low, the cylindrical inner hole of the hub inner ring 12 and the end shaft diameter 51 are directly connected by clearance fit.

[0056] In order to adjust the axial clearance of the wheel hub 1 , an adjusting washer 31 is provided on the bolt 3 , and the adjusting washer 31 is located between the end shaft diameter 51 and the end cover 2 .

[0057] The arc edge 41 is arranged on the inclined plate 4, so that the metal ball 6 will not get stuck in the wheel hub 1 and cannot run normally due to vibration or other reasons when the carriage is running normally. However, the arc edge must be lower than the center of gravity of the metal ball 6, otherwise the metal ball 6 will be directly blocked from going up the inclined plate 4 to achieve the braking effect.

[0058] The device is not only suitable for limiting the running of horse-drawn carriages in rural areas, but also for limiting the running of horse-drawn carriages in urban tourist attractions. It can also be used to prevent other low-speed devices from suddenly speeding, such as human-propelled carts on mountain slopes, etc., and can play a role in safely limiting speed and protecting the safety of life and property.

[0059] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A safety speed limiting device for a carriage, comprising a wheel hub (1), an end cover (2), a bolt (3), a bevel plate (4), an axle (5), a metal ball (6), a wheel hub outer ring (11), a wheel hub inner ring (12), a spoke plate (13), a flange (21), a circular hole (22), an arc edge (41), an end shaft diameter (51), and a shaft shoulder (52); The wheel hub (1) is made of metal and comprises a wheel hub outer ring (11) and a wheel hub inner ring (12). The outer edge of the wheel hub outer ring (11) is radially concave for mounting a rubber tire. The wheel hub inner ring (12) is cylindrical. The wheel hub outer ring (11) and the wheel hub inner ring (12) are connected as one body via a spoke plate (13). The wheel hub inner ring (12) is connected to the axle (5), the vehicle body is fixed on the axle (5), the diameter of the end shaft diameter (51) of the axle (5) is smaller than the diameter of the axle (5), forming a shaft shoulder (52), the end shaft diameter (51) of the axle (5) is inserted into the cylindrical inner hole of the wheel hub inner ring (12), the left end of the wheel hub inner ring (12) is clamped at the shaft shoulder (52) of the axle (5), the right end of the end shaft diameter (51) is fixedly installed on the end cover (2) by bolts (3), the shaft shoulder (52) and the left end surface of the end cover (2) jointly position the wheel hub (1) axially, and the wheel hub (1) can rotate around the end shaft diameter (51); The end cover (2) is in the shape of a concave disc, the concave part of which is mounted on the end shaft diameter (51), and the bottom surface of the concave part is provided with evenly distributed circular holes (22) for the bolts (3) to pass through, the lower disc of the end cover (2) is provided with a fan-shaped flange (21), the left side surface of the flange (21) is provided with an inclined panel (4), and a gap is left between the bottom of the inclined panel (4) and the inner cylindrical surface of the hub outer ring (11); The spoke plate (13) is located on the left side of the wheel hub outer ring (11) and the wheel hub inner ring (12), and an annular space is formed between the spoke plate (13), the end cover (2) and the inner cylindrical surface of the wheel hub outer ring (11). A metal ball (6) is placed on the inner cylindrical surface of the wheel hub outer ring (11) at the bottom of the annular space, and the metal ball (6) is opposite to the inclined surface of the inclined plate (4). When the horse pulls the axle (5) forward to the left, the wheel hub (1) generates friction with the ground through the tire, so that the wheel hub outer ring (11) and the wheel hub inner ring (12) rotate counterclockwise, and the axle 5 and the end shaft diameter (51) do not rotate, driving the inclined plate (4) to move forward in parallel, and the front end arc edge (41) of the inclined plate (4) pushes the metal ball (6) to move on the inner cylindrical surface of the wheel hub outer ring 11; The startled horse drives the axle (5) to run wildly. When the speed exceeds a certain value, the metal ball (6) passes over the arc edge (41) at the front end of the inclined plate (4) and moves upward along the inclined surface under the action of inertia force and friction with the outer ring of the wheel hub (11). At this time, the inclined plate (4) moves forward with acceleration, and the acceleration is At this time, the inclined plane can be regarded as a non-inertial system, thus introducing the inertial force and Equal in size and opposite in direction; The inertial acceleration Decomposed into P and Q, the dynamic equation of the metal ball along the inclined plane is ma*cosα=mg+μmgcosα (1) If the metal ball (6) is allowed to move upward, ma*cosα>mg+μmgcosα (2) In the above formula, m is the mass of the metal ball (6), g is the acceleration due to gravity, α is the inclination angle between the inclined plate (4) and the horizontal plane, and μ is the rolling friction coefficient between the metal ball (6) and the inclined plane. have The direction of the inclined plane acceleration a is to the left. The speed at which the inclined plate (4) moves leftward v=v0+at (5) v is the speed at which the inclined plate (4) moves to the left when the metal ball (6) moves up along the inclined plane; v0 is the initial speed of the inclined plate (4) moving to the left, which is generally within the normal speed range of the carriage; t is the time it takes for the carriage to accelerate to reach speed v. The speed v of the frightening horse carriage running wildly is reasonably set to limit that when the frightening horse carriage can reach the speed v value within t time, the acceleration a of the inclined plate (4) moving to the left has reached a value that can make the metal ball (6) move upward along the inclined plate, and the metal ball (6) moves upward along the inclined surface and contacts the outer cylindrical surface of the high-speed rotating wheel hub inner ring (12), and the metal ball (6) will be stuck between the wheel hub inner ring (12) and the non-rotating inclined plate (4), and the wheel hub (2) will no longer rotate.

2. A safety speed limiting device for a carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical inner hole of the wheel hub inner ring (12) is connected with the end shaft diameter (51) by clearance fit.

3. A safety speed limiting device for a carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt (3) is provided with an adjusting gasket (31), and the adjusting gasket (31) is located between the end shaft diameter (51) and the end cover (2).

4. A safety speed limiting device for a carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center of gravity of the metal ball (6) is higher than the arc edge (41) at the front end of the inclined panel (4).

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