Clay stabilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a clay stabilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of auxiliaries for oil fields, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving a first monomer and 2, 3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride in a solvent, or respectively dissolving the first monomer and the 2, 3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride in the solvent to prepare a solution, and then dissolving the 2, 3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride in the solvent to prepare a clay stabilizer; dropwise adding the 1, 3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride solution into the first monomer solution; then carrying out a reaction to obtain a reaction solution; and after the reaction is finished, separating and purifying the reaction liquid to obtain the clay stabilizer. The first monomer is aromatic diamine, the aromatic diamine is p-phenylenediamine, o-phenylenediamine or m-phenylenediamine, the number of active hydrogen on amido in the first monomer is n, and the molar ratio of the first monomer to the 2, 3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is 1: (0.9 n-1. 1n). The clay stabilizer has a good shale inhibition effect, and the preparation method is simple and easy to popularize.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the Chinese invention patent application with application date of September 14, 2024, application number 202411289649.X, and invention name “Clay stabilizer and preparation method thereof”. Technical Field

[0002] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil field additives, and particularly relates to a clay stabilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0003] Clay minerals mainly include montmorillonite, kaolinite, illite, chlorite, illite-montmorillonite mixed layer, chlorite-montmorillonite mixed layer and so on. Clay minerals are widely present in oil and gas reservoirs. When these clay mineral particles encounter external water-based fluids during the exploration and development of oil fields, such as drilling, completion, acidizing, fracturing, and water injection, they will swell or migrate, thereby blocking the pores or fracture media, affecting the permeability and oil and gas well production. Generally, in order to protect the permeability of oil and gas layers and increase oil and gas production, during fracturing, acidizing, transformation or well repair operations, inhibitory clay stabilizers are used to alleviate the expansion or migration of clay in shale or clay-type formations.

[0004] Amine clay stabilizers are currently a commonly used type of clay stabilizer. They mainly utilize the cationicity of amino groups to make them adsorb on the clay surface and neutralize the electrical properties of the clay surface. The other part of them is hydrophobic groups, which can prevent water molecules from getting closer to the clay. Therefore, amine clay stabilizers have the characteristics of small dosage and good effect. However, the current polyamine clay stabilizers have more raw materials and a complicated preparation process, resulting in high costs and are rarely used in actual production processes. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a clay stabilizer and a preparation method thereof. The clay stabilizer has a good shale inhibition effect, and the preparation method is simple and easy to promote.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the following technical scheme is adopted: A method for preparing a clay stabilizer comprises the following steps: dissolving a first monomer and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride in a solvent, or respectively dissolving the first monomer and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride in a solvent to prepare a solution, and then dripping the 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride solution into the first monomer solution; then reacting to obtain a reaction liquid; after the reaction is completed, separating and purifying the reaction liquid to obtain a clay stabilizer; wherein the first monomer is an aliphatic compound containing at least one primary amine or an aromatic compound containing at least one primary amine, the number of active hydrogens on the amine group in the first monomer is n, and the molar ratio of the first monomer to the 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 1:0.9n-1.1n.

[0007] Specifically, in the present invention, the amino group containing active hydrogen in the first monomer and the epoxy group in 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride are mainly used to react to generate tertiary amines and alcohols. The active hydrogen on the amino group referred to in the present invention refers to the hydrogen directly connected to the nitrogen atom, such as two active hydrogens on the primary amine and one active hydrogen on the secondary amine. At the same time, 1 mole of primary amine can react with 2 moles of epoxy groups. Therefore, after the complete reaction, the synthesized clay stabilizer molecule contains two quaternary ammonium groups and two tertiary amine groups. These groups can greatly increase the inhibitory performance of the clay stabilizer. At the same time, after the reaction, it also contains at least two hydroxyl groups, which can also be adsorbed on the clay to further enhance its inhibitory effect. For example, the molar ratio of the first monomer and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride can also be 1:0.95n~1.05n.

[0008] The aliphatic compound containing at least one primary amine is an aliphatic monoprimary amine, polyethylene polyamine, an aliphatic diamine, or an aliphatic compound containing one primary amine and one tertiary amine; the aromatic compound containing at least one primary amine is an aromatic monoprimary amine, an aromatic diamine, or an aromatic compound containing one primary amine and one tertiary amine.

[0009] The aliphatic compound containing one primary amine and one tertiary amine is one of N,N-dibutyl-1,3-propylenediamine, N,N-diethylethylenediamine, and N,N-dimethylethylenediamine; the aromatic compound containing one primary amine and one tertiary amine is one of N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine and N1,N1-dimethyl-1-phenylethane-1,2-diamine.

[0010] The aliphatic monoprimary amine is one of n-pentylamine and n-hexylamine, the aromatic monoprimary amine is one of aniline, p-aminotoluene and phenylethylamine, the polyethylene polyamine is diethylenetriamine or triethylenetetramine, the aromatic diamine is p-phenylenediamine, and the aliphatic diamine is hexamethylenediamine.

[0011] In the art, there are many organic compounds containing a primary amine monomer, such as the more common aliphatic primary amines and aromatic primary amines. According to the number of amine groups, they can be further divided into aliphatic monoprimary amines, aromatic monoprimary amines, polyethylene polyamines, aliphatic diamines, aromatic diamines and other amines containing heteroatoms. Theoretically, these compounds can all be applied to the present invention.

[0012] However, after a large number of experiments by the inventors, it was found that aliphatic monoprimary amines and aromatic monoprimary amines have better effects than other amines, especially n-pentylamine, n-hexylamine, aniline, p-aminotoluene, and phenylethylamine, which have relatively good effects. In aliphatic monoprimary amines, too short or too long carbon chain lengths make the obtained clay stabilizer less effective: when the carbon chain length is too short, its hydrophobicity is poor; when the carbon chain length is too long, the amine activity is weakened. Therefore, in the present invention, n-pentylamine and n-hexylamine are usually selected for aliphatic monoprimary amines. As for aromatic monoprimary amines, the presence of its benzene ring enhances its hydrophobicity, but if the molecular weight is too large, it is easy to make its hydrophobicity too strong, thereby reducing the effect of the clay stabilizer. Therefore, after a large number of experiments by the inventors, aniline, p-aminotoluene, and phenylethylamine with lower molecular weights are selected, which have better effects.

[0013] For polyethylene polyamines (such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine), aliphatic diamines (such as hexamethylenediamine), and aromatic diamines (such as phenylenediamine, which is divided into o-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, and p-phenylenediamine), since they contain multiple active hydrogens, the hydrophilicity of the obtained clay stabilizer is too strong. Although it has a certain clay stabilizing effect, in actual practice, its effect is relatively poor.

[0014] In particular, the inventors discovered a special first monomer during the experiment: an aliphatic or aromatic compound containing a primary amine and a tertiary amine. When this type of compound is used as the first monomer, its effect is better than that of aliphatic monoprimary amines and aromatic monoprimary amines. There are many compounds of this type, such as N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, N'-benzyl-N,N-dimethylethylenediamine, N1,N1-dimethyl-1-phenylethane-1,2-diamine, N,N-dibutyl-1,3-propylenediamine, N,N-diethylethylenediamine, N,N-dimethylethylenediamine (there are two amines with this name, here are amine compounds containing a primary amine and a tertiary amine), etc. These are relatively mature products and can be purchased on the market.

[0015] During the reaction, the solvent used needs to completely dissolve the first monomer and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride. Therefore, one of ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, toluene, and dimethyl sulfoxide can be selected as a solvent. Of course, those skilled in the art can also select other solvents. At the same time, for the reaction of the present invention, the reaction is carried out at 20~70°C, and the reaction time is 1~8h. The reaction conditions are relatively mild and can react at room temperature. After a large number of experiments, the inventor found that when the temperature is greater than 70°C, not only is the reaction difficult to control, but also side reactions are prone to occur, resulting in reduced yield and poor effect; and when the temperature is less than 20°C, the reaction rate is slow and difficult to apply on a large scale.

[0016] At the same time, during the reaction, the two can be directly mixed for reaction, or the first monomer and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride can be separately prepared into solutions, and then the 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride solution is added dropwise to the first monomer solution for reaction. From the effect point of view, the latter method is better, but it takes more time. Those skilled in the art can choose the appropriate method according to the actual situation.

[0017] One embodiment of the present invention is that the specific operation of the separation and purification is: under the condition of continuous stirring, add ether or petroleum ether to the reaction solution, after the stirring is completed, stand for crystallization, take the crystalline precipitate, and then dry the taken crystalline precipitate to obtain a clay stabilizer. In the process of adding ether or petroleum ether, continue to stir, and as the amount of ether or petroleum ether increases, it can be seen that crystals gradually precipitate. After the stirring is completed, stand for a period of time, and filter it to obtain a crystalline precipitate. In this step, the amount of ether or petroleum ether is usually more than 5 times the total volume of the reaction solution, usually 10 times. In addition, in addition to the above-mentioned separation and purification method, the following method can also be used for separation and extraction: vacuum distillation removes the solvent in the reaction solution to obtain a solid phase, and after washing the solid phase with ether or petroleum ether several times, the washed solid phase is dried to obtain a clay stabilizer. Those skilled in the art can choose one of the methods according to actual conditions, or can also use other methods for separation and purification.

[0018] One embodiment of the present invention is that the reaction is carried out under alkaline conditions. For this reaction, the reaction conditions are usually alkaline, but since some raw materials are usually alkaline, the reaction can be carried out without adding an alkali; if the pH of the reaction solution is less than 7, it can be adjusted by adding an alkali, and an inorganic base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide can usually be added.

[0019] A clay stabilizer is prepared by any of the above-mentioned methods for preparing clay stabilizers. The clay stabilizer prepared by the method for preparing the clay stabilizer of the present invention has high inhibition performance and can be applied to oil and gas development processes such as drilling and fracturing.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The clay stabilizer prepared by the preparation method of the clay stabilizer of the present invention has good shale stabilization performance, and the preparation method is simple, and can be prepared by only one-step reaction, and the reaction conditions are mild. At the same time, the cost of preparing raw materials is low, the difficulty of obtaining is low, and it is suitable for large-scale promotion; at the same time, its viscosity is low, and it can be applied to some low-viscosity environments, thereby expanding its application range. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in the disclosed methods or processes, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, may be combined in any manner and, unless otherwise stated, may be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features having similar purposes, that is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is merely an embodiment of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0022] The clay stabilizer and preparation method thereof of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the examples.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0025] In all the following examples, the percentage of clay stabilizer added is by mass.

[0026] In all the following examples, the rolling recovery rate and dynamic viscosity of the clay stabilizer prepared by the preparation method of the clay stabilizer of the present invention are measured by the method disclosed in SY / T6335-1997 "Evaluation Method for Shale Inhibitors for Drilling Fluids". It should be noted that in all the following examples, according to SY / T6335-1997 "Evaluation Method for Shale Inhibitors for Drilling Fluids", when testing, the mass percentage of the added amount of the clay stabilizer obtained in the corresponding example is calculated based on the added amount of water.

[0027] Example 1 In this embodiment, the first monomer is N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, and the molar ratio of the first monomer to 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 1:2.1. The preparation method of the clay stabilizer of this embodiment includes the following steps: Take 13.6g of N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine and 31.8g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, add them to isopropanol and dissolve them, then add the 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride solution dropwise to the N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine solution, react at 30°C for 4h to obtain a reaction solution; after the reaction, add ether about 10 times the volume of the reaction solution under continuous stirring, after the stirring is completed, stand for crystallization for 10min, filter, obtain a crystalline precipitate, and dry the obtained crystalline precipitate to obtain a clay stabilizer. In this embodiment, isopropanol is used as a solvent.

[0028] After testing, when the amount of the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is 0.3%, the rolling recovery rate at 120°C is 87.8%; and when the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is added to clean water at an amount of 1%, its dynamic viscosity at 20°C is 1.25mPa·s.

[0029] Example 2 In this embodiment, the first monomer is N1,N1-dimethyl-1-phenylethane-1,2-diamine, and the molar ratio of the first monomer to 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 1:1.9. The preparation method of the clay stabilizer of this embodiment includes the following steps: Take 16.4 g of N1, N1-dimethyl-1-phenylethane-1, 2-diamine and 28.8 g of 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, add them to ethanol and dissolve them, react at 40°C for 3 hours to obtain a reaction solution; after the reaction, add ether about 10 times the volume of the reaction solution under continuous stirring, after the stirring is completed, stand for crystallization for 10 minutes, filter, obtain a crystalline precipitate, and dry the obtained crystalline precipitate to obtain a clay stabilizer. In this embodiment, ethanol is used as a solvent.

[0030] After testing, when the amount of the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is 0.3%, its rolling recovery rate at 120°C is 85.4%; and when the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is added to clean water at an amount of 1%, its dynamic viscosity is 1.30 mPa·s at 20°C.

[0031] Example 3 In this embodiment, the first monomer is N,N-dibutyl-1,3-propylenediamine, and the molar ratio of the first monomer to 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 1:2.0. The preparation method of the clay stabilizer of this embodiment includes the following steps: Take 18.6g of N,N-dibutyl-1,3-propylenediamine and 30.3g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, add them to ethanol and dissolve them, react at 20°C for 2h to obtain a reaction solution; after the reaction is completed, the solvent in the reaction solution is removed by vacuum distillation to obtain a solid phase, and then the solid phase is washed with ether several times and dried to obtain a clay stabilizer. Among them, the number of times in this embodiment can be two, three, four or more times, and the specific number of washings is based on washing the solvent on the solid phase. The meaning of the number of times of washing the solid phase in all the following embodiments is the same as the meaning of the number of times in this embodiment, and will not be repeated hereafter. In this embodiment, ethanol is used as a solvent.

[0032] After testing, when the amount of the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is 0.3%, its rolling recovery rate at 120°C is 86.1%; and when the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is added to clean water at an amount of 1%, its dynamic viscosity is 1.67 mPa·s at 20°C.

[0033] Example 4 In this embodiment, the first monomer is N,N-diethylethylenediamine, and the molar ratio of the first monomer to 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 1:2.1. The preparation method of the clay stabilizer of this embodiment includes the following steps: Take 11.6 g of N,N-diethylethylenediamine and 31.8 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, add them into ethanol and dissolve them, react at 40° C. for 1 hour to obtain a reaction solution; after the reaction is completed, remove the solvent in the reaction solution by vacuum distillation to obtain a solid phase, then wash the solid phase with ether several times and dry it to obtain a clay stabilizer. In this embodiment, ethanol is used as the solvent.

[0034] After testing, when the amount of the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is 0.3%, its rolling recovery rate at 120°C is 83.4%; and when the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is added to clean water at an amount of 1%, its dynamic viscosity is 1.95 mPa·s at 20°C.

[0035] Example 5 In this embodiment, the first monomer is n-pentylamine, and the molar ratio of the first monomer to 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 1:2.0. The preparation method of the clay stabilizer of this embodiment includes the following steps: 8.7 g of n-pentylamine and 30.3 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride were added to ethanol and dissolved, and reacted at 20° C. for 2 h to obtain a reaction solution; after the reaction, the solvent in the reaction solution was removed by vacuum distillation to obtain a solid phase, which was then washed with ether several times and dried to obtain a clay stabilizer. In this embodiment, ethanol was used as the solvent.

[0036] After testing, when the amount of the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is 0.3%, its rolling recovery rate at 120°C is 82.1%; and when the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is added to clean water at an amount of 1%, its dynamic viscosity is 1.74 mPa·s at 20°C.

[0037] Example 6 In this embodiment, the first monomer is propylamine, and the molar ratio of the first monomer to 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 1:2.0. The preparation method of the clay stabilizer of this embodiment includes the following steps: Take 5.9 g of propylamine and 30.3 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, add them into ethanol and dissolve them, react at 30° C. for 1 hour to obtain a reaction solution; after the reaction, remove the solvent in the reaction solution by vacuum distillation to obtain a solid phase, then wash the solid phase with ether several times and dry it to obtain a clay stabilizer. In this embodiment, ethanol is used as the solvent.

[0038] After testing, when the amount of the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is 0.3%, its rolling recovery rate at 120°C is 71.2%; and when the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is added to clean water at an amount of 1%, its dynamic viscosity is 1.44 mPa·s at 20°C.

[0039] Example 7 In this embodiment, the first monomer is n-octylamine, and the molar ratio of the first monomer to 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 1:2.0. The preparation method of the clay stabilizer of this embodiment includes the following steps: 12.9 g of n-octylamine and 30.3 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride were added to ethanol and dissolved, and the mixture was reacted at 30° C. for 4 h to obtain a reaction solution. After the reaction, the solvent in the reaction solution was removed by vacuum distillation to obtain a solid phase, which was then washed with ether several times and dried to obtain a clay stabilizer. In this embodiment, ethanol was used as the solvent.

[0040] After testing, when the amount of the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is 0.3%, the rolling recovery rate at 120°C is 68.7%; and when the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is added to clean water at an amount of 1%, its dynamic viscosity is 1.72 mPa·s at 20°C.

[0041] Example 8 In this embodiment, the first monomer is phenylethylamine, and the molar ratio of the first monomer to 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 1:2.0. The preparation method of the clay stabilizer of this embodiment includes the following steps: 12.1 g of phenylethylamine and 30.3 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride were added to acetone and dissolved, and reacted at 70° C. for 3 h to obtain a reaction solution; after the reaction, the solvent in the reaction solution was removed by vacuum distillation to obtain a solid phase, which was then washed with ether several times and dried to obtain a clay stabilizer. In this embodiment, acetone was used as the solvent.

[0042] After testing, when the amount of the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is 0.3%, its rolling recovery rate at 120°C is 85.5%; and when the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is added to clean water at an amount of 1%, its dynamic viscosity is 1.53 mPa·s at 20°C.

[0043] Example 9 In this embodiment, the first monomer is p-phenylenediamine, and the molar ratio of the first monomer to 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 1:4.1. The preparation method of the clay stabilizer of this embodiment includes the following steps: 10.8 g of p-phenylenediamine and 62.2 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride were added to acetone and dissolved, and reacted at 40° C. for 8 h to obtain a reaction solution; after the reaction, the solvent in the reaction solution was removed by vacuum distillation to obtain a solid phase, which was then washed with ether several times and dried to obtain a clay stabilizer. In this embodiment, acetone was used as the solvent.

[0044] After testing, when the amount of the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is 0.3%, the rolling recovery rate at 120°C is 72.0%; and when the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is added to clean water at an amount of 1%, its dynamic viscosity at 20°C is 2.42 mPa·s.

[0045] Example 10 In this embodiment, the first monomer is diethylenetriamine, and the molar ratio of the first monomer to 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 1:4.8. The preparation method of the clay stabilizer of this embodiment includes the following steps: 10.3 g of diethylenetriamine and 73.3 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride were added to acetone and dissolved, and reacted at 40° C. for 3 h to obtain a reaction solution; after the reaction, the solvent in the reaction solution was removed by vacuum distillation to obtain a solid phase, which was then washed with ether several times and dried to obtain a clay stabilizer. In this embodiment, acetone was used as the solvent.

[0046] After testing, when the amount of the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is 0.3%, its rolling recovery rate at 120°C is 80.9%; and when the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is added to clean water at an amount of 1%, its dynamic viscosity is 5.77 mPa·s at 20°C.

[0047] Embodiment 11 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the reaction temperature is 80° C., and the rest are the same.

[0048] After testing, when the amount of the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is 0.3%, its rolling recovery rate at 120°C is 57.2%; and when the clay stabilizer obtained in this embodiment is added to clean water at an amount of 1%, its dynamic viscosity is 5.19 mPa·s at 20°C.

[0049] In the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 11, the reaction conditions are usually alkaline, but since some raw materials are usually alkaline, the reaction can be carried out without adding an alkali; if the pH of the reaction solution is less than 7, it can be adjusted by adding an alkali, and the alkali usually added can be an inorganic base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

[0050] From the experimental data of the rolling recovery rate and dynamic viscosity of the clay stabilizer obtained from the tests of the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 11, it can be seen that the clay stabilizer prepared by the preparation method of the clay stabilizer of the present invention has good shale stabilization performance; the preparation method of the clay stabilizer of the present invention is simple, and can be prepared in one step, and the reaction conditions are mild. At the same time, the cost of preparing the raw materials is low, the difficulty of obtaining is low, and it is suitable for large-scale promotion; at the same time, the clay stabilizer prepared by the preparation method of the clay stabilizer of the present invention has a low viscosity and can be applied to some low-viscosity environments, thereby expanding its scope of application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a clay stabilizer, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: dissolving a first monomer and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride in a solvent, or respectively dissolving the first monomer and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride in a solvent to prepare a solution, and then dropping the 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride solution into the first monomer solution; then reacting to obtain a reaction solution; after the reaction is completed, separating and purifying the reaction solution to obtain a clay stabilizer; wherein the first monomer is an aromatic diamine, and the aromatic diamine is p-phenylenediamine, o-phenylenediamine or m-phenylenediamine; the number of active hydrogens on the amine group in the first monomer is n, and the molar ratio of the first monomer to the 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 1:0.9n-1.1n.

2. The method for preparing the clay stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solvent is one of ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, toluene and dimethyl sulfoxide.

3. The method for preparing the clay stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operation of the separation and purification is: adding ether or petroleum ether to the reaction solution under continuous stirring, standing for crystallization after the stirring is completed, taking the crystalline precipitate, and then drying the taken crystalline precipitate to obtain the clay stabilizer; or the specific operation of the separation and purification is: removing the solvent in the reaction solution by reduced pressure distillation to obtain a solid phase, washing the solid phase with ether or petroleum ether for several times, and then drying the washed solid phase to obtain the clay stabilizer.

4. The method for preparing the clay stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction is carried out at 20-70° C. and the reaction time is 1-8 hours.

5. The method for preparing the clay stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction is carried out under alkaline conditions.

6. A clay stabilizer, characterized in that The clay stabilizer is prepared by the preparation method of the clay stabilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5.