Device and method for injecting functional particles on surface of material

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for injecting functional particles on the surface of a material, the device comprises a pulse high-pressure jet device, the pulse high-pressure jet device is connected with a particle mixing and conveying device, and the particle mixing and conveying device provides functional particle suspension for the pulse high-pressure jet device; a nozzle of the pulse high-pressure jet device is positioned above the to-be-modified sample and is separated from the to-be-modified sample by a set distance, and a first ultrasonic vibration device is mounted on the outer wall of the nozzle; the to-be-modified sample is fixed through a moving device, and a second ultrasonic vibration device is mounted on the moving device; functional particle injection is achieved through the cavitation water jet and ultrasonic vibration technology, and efficient modification treatment can be conducted on the metal alloy surface under the room temperature condition. Therefore, material matrix performance change or organization structure damage possibly caused by a traditional high-temperature modification method is avoided, and the original excellent performance of the material is kept.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material surface modification, and in particular to a device and method for injecting functional particles into the surface of a material. Background Art

[0002] In the field of materials science, material surface modification is one of the key technologies to improve material performance, extend service life and expand the scope of application. Although traditional surface modification methods, such as thermal spraying, electroplating, chemical plating and physical vapor deposition, can significantly improve the surface properties of materials under certain conditions, they often have problems such as low processing efficiency, high energy consumption, serious environmental pollution and possible damage to the substrate. Therefore, exploring more efficient, environmentally friendly and precise surface modification technologies has become an important direction of materials science research.

[0003] Ion implantation is a technique commonly used to implant functional particles on the surface of materials. Ion implantation refers to when a beam of ions is shot at a solid material in a vacuum, the ion beam is resisted by the solid material and its speed is slowly reduced, and it eventually stays in the solid material. Although traditional ion implantation technology can achieve precise particle implantation, the equipment is complex, the cost is high, and it is difficult to process large-area materials. Although laser-induced particle implantation technology has a fast processing speed, it is easy to cause thermal damage to the substrate and uneven particle distribution. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for injecting functional particles into the surface of a material, which can efficiently modify the surface of a metal alloy at room temperature, avoiding the changes in material matrix properties or damage to the organizational structure that may be caused by traditional high-temperature modification methods, and maintaining the original excellent performance of the material.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect of the present invention, a device for injecting functional particles onto a material surface is provided, comprising a pulsed high-pressure jet device, wherein the pulsed high-pressure jet device is connected to a particle mixing and conveying device, wherein the particle mixing and conveying device provides a functional particle suspension for the pulsed high-pressure jet device; a nozzle of the pulsed high-pressure jet device is located above a sample to be modified and is separated from the sample to be modified by a set distance, a first ultrasonic vibration device is installed on an outer wall of the nozzle, and the first ultrasonic vibration device promotes the occurrence of cavitation during the jetting of the functional particle suspension; the sample to be modified is adjusted in position relative to the nozzle by a moving device, and a second ultrasonic vibration device is installed on the moving device, and the second ultrasonic vibration device accelerates the dispersion and injection of particles in the cavitation jet.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the nozzle adopts a double-layer structure, with a high-pressure area in the middle and a low-pressure area around it. A high-pressure fluid inlet and a low-pressure fluid inlet are provided on the end face of the nozzle. The high-pressure fluid inlet is connected to the high-pressure area, and the low-pressure fluid inlet is connected to the low-pressure area.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the particle mixing and conveying device includes a particle storage tank, a dispersant storage tank, a metering pump and a mixing chamber, the particle storage tank and the dispersant storage tank are respectively connected to the mixing chamber through pipes, the mixing chamber is connected to a pulse high-pressure jet device through a pipe, the outlet pipe of the particle storage tank and the outlet pipe of the dispersant storage tank are respectively provided with metering pumps, and a concentration detector is provided on the pipe connecting the mixing chamber and the pulse high-pressure jet device.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first ultrasonic vibration device and the second ultrasonic vibration device have the same structure, and both include an ultrasonic generator, a transducer, and a vibration head.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, a liquid collecting tank is further provided at the bottom of the mobile device, and the liquid collecting tank is connected to the particle mixing and conveying device through a suspension circulation device.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, a control device is further included, and the control device is connected to the pulse high-pressure jet device, the particle mixing and conveying device, the first ultrasonic vibration device, and the second ultrasonic vibration device respectively.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pulse high-pressure jet device, the particle mixing and transporting device, the first ultrasonic vibration device, the second ultrasonic vibration device and the moving device are all arranged in a protective shell.

[0013] In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for injecting functional particles into a material surface is provided, which is implemented using the device described in the first aspect and comprises the following steps:

[0014] According to the target object and the target effect, the corresponding functional particles are selected, and the functional particles are mixed with the dispersant to a set concentration to form a functional particle suspension;

[0015] The sample to be modified and the second ultrasonic vibration device are fixed on the moving device, and the sample to be modified is adjusted to a position facing the nozzle;

[0016] The functional particle suspension is used as the working medium and is transported to the nozzle in pulse form by a high-pressure water pump; at the nozzle outlet, the high-pressure water flow forms cavitation and carries the functional particles out at the same time; the shock wave and microjet generated when the cavitation bubble collapses are used to accelerate the functional particles and inject them into the surface of the sample to be modified, thereby completing the particle injection on the surface of the modified sample.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, during the particle injection process, the ultrasonic vibration of the first ultrasonic vibration device promotes the occurrence of cavitation, and the softening effect of the ultrasonic vibration of the second ultrasonic vibration device reduces the yield stress and shear yield stress of the material, thereby accelerating the dispersion and injection of functional particles in the cavitation jet.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the entire particle implantation process is performed at room temperature.

[0019] One or more technical solutions of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention has high efficiency modification at room temperature: by using cavitation water jet and ultrasonic vibration technology to realize functional particle injection, the present invention can efficiently modify the surface of metal alloys at room temperature. This avoids the change of material matrix performance or destruction of organizational structure that may be caused by traditional high-temperature modification methods, and maintains the original excellent performance of the material.

[0021] 2. The process of the present invention is simple and the cost is low: Compared with the traditional surface modification technology, the process of the present invention is simpler and the equipment cost is relatively low. At the same time, since the whole process is carried out at room temperature, no additional heating or cooling equipment is required, which further reduces energy consumption and production costs.

[0022] 3. The present invention is environmentally friendly and pollution-free: the cavitation water jet technology uses water as the working medium, does not produce harmful waste gas and waste liquid, and meets the environmental protection requirements of modern industry. In addition, the functional particle suspension can also be reused through appropriate recycling and treatment methods after treatment, reducing resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0023] 4. The present invention has wide applicability: the method of the present invention is applicable to the surface modification of various metal alloy materials, including but not limited to aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, stainless steel, etc. At the same time, by adjusting the type and concentration of functional particles, the composition and performance of the modified layer can be flexibly controlled to meet the needs of different applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a device for implanting functional particles onto a material surface according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the nozzle end face of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the principle of implementing particle injection by cavitation jet and ultrasonic vibration in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of a method for injecting functional particles onto a material surface according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is the result of the cell compatibility experiment in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. protective shell; 2. pulse high-pressure jet device; 3. particle mixing and conveying device; 4. first ultrasonic vibration device; 5. nozzle; 501. high-pressure fluid inlet; 502. low-pressure fluid inlet; 6. functional particle suspension; 7. functional particles; 8. bubbles; 9. sample to be modified; 10. second ultrasonic vibration device; 11. moving device; 12. liquid collecting box; 13. fixture; 14. suspension circulation device; 15. control device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] As an emerging surface treatment technology, cavitation jet technology has attracted widespread attention due to its unique physical mechanism and significant technical advantages. Cavitation jet refers to the natural formation of bubbles in high-speed fluids or the artificial introduction of gas to produce cavitation phenomena. These bubbles move, grow and collapse in the fluid under certain conditions, generating strong microjets and shock waves. This type of microjets and shock waves have the characteristics of high energy density, short action time, and concentrated action area. They can effectively impact and change the surface structure of the material, thereby achieving the purpose of surface modification. Compared with traditional ion implantation technology, cavitation jet technology has great potential in the field of functional particle implantation due to its concentrated energy and controllable characteristics.

[0034] Therefore, in view of the problems existing in the prior art, in a typical embodiment of the present invention, a device for injecting functional particles onto a material surface is provided, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a pulse high-pressure jet device 2, which is connected to a particle mixing and conveying device 3, and the particle mixing and conveying device 3 provides a functional particle suspension for the pulse high-pressure jet device 2; the nozzle 5 of the pulse high-pressure jet device 2 is located above the sample 9 to be modified and is separated from the sample 9 to be modified by a set distance, and a first ultrasonic vibration device 4 is installed on the outer wall of the nozzle 5, and the first ultrasonic vibration device 4 promotes the occurrence of cavitation during the jet of the functional particle suspension; the sample 9 to be modified is fixed by a moving device 11, and a second ultrasonic vibration device 10 is installed on the moving device 11, and the second ultrasonic vibration device 10 accelerates the dispersion and injection of particles in the cavitation jet.

[0035] In the embodiment, the pulse high pressure jet device 2 is used to provide a pulse high pressure functional particle suspension 6. When the functional particle suspension is ejected from the nozzle, a cavitation jet is formed. The nozzle 5 is a double-layer structure, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the middle is a high-pressure area, and the surrounding is a low-pressure area. A high-pressure fluid inlet 501 is set in the middle position of the nozzle end face, and the high-pressure fluid inlet 501 is connected to the high-pressure area. A plurality of low-pressure fluid inlets 502 are set at the circumferential position of the nozzle end face, and the low-pressure fluid inlet 502 is connected to the low-pressure area. The high-pressure jet method is adopted, and the high-pressure jet and the low-pressure jet form a shear force to induce a cavitation reaction to produce bubbles 8. The cavitation effect is obvious, and the enhanced cavitation effect is achieved. The pulse high-pressure jet device 2 adopts the existing structure. The pulse high-pressure jet device 2 divides the mixed liquid provided by the particle mixing and conveying device 3 into two paths, and after being pressurized by different pressurizing devices (such as centrifugal pumps), it is conveyed to the high-pressure fluid inlet 501 and the low-pressure fluid inlet 502 on the nozzle.

[0036] In this embodiment, the particle mixing and conveying device 3 mixes the functional particles 7, the dispersant and the fluid evenly and then delivers them to the nozzle; it includes a particle storage tank, a dispersant storage tank, a metering pump and a mixing chamber, the particle storage tank stores the functional particles, and the functional particles are selected according to the object of action and the target effect, such as titanium nitride with strengthening effect, yttrium oxide functional particles and silver functional particles with antibacterial effect; the dispersant storage tank stores the dispersant, which is used to improve the dispersibility of the functional particles in water and the bonding force with the surface of the metal alloy. The selection of the dispersant needs to be determined according to the specific application scenario, the properties of the functional particles, the type of metal alloy, and the required dispersion effect and bonding force. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is selected as the dispersant in the embodiment. PEI has a high molecular weight and rich amino (–NH2) or amino (–NH3 +) functional group, which can have a strong electrostatic adsorption effect on the metal surface, and enhance the adhesion between the particles and the metal alloy surface. The particle storage tank and the dispersant storage tank are respectively connected to the mixing chamber through a pipeline, and the mixing chamber is connected to the pulse high-pressure jet device through a pipeline. A concentration detector is arranged on the pipeline connecting the mixing chamber and the pulse high-pressure jet device, and the concentration detector is used to detect the concentration in the suspension. The outlet pipe of the dispersant storage tank and the outlet pipe of the particle storage tank are respectively installed with a metering pump, and the metering pump is used to control the replenishment amount of functional particles and dispersant according to the signal of the concentration detector. There are two concentration detectors, one is located between the suspension circulation device 13 and the particle mixing and conveying device 3, and detects the remaining concentration of the suspension after use; the other is located between the mixing chamber and the pulse high-pressure jet device 2, and is used to detect the concentration of the final output. Both concentration detectors can control the metering pumps, and the above structure is directly implemented using the existing structure.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first ultrasonic vibration device 4 and the second ultrasonic vibration device 10 have the same structure, both of which include an ultrasonic generator, a transducer and a vibration head as existing structures. The first ultrasonic vibration device 4 is used to generate ultrasonic vibration and transmit it to the nozzle 5, and promote the occurrence of cavitation during the jet through ultrasonic vibration; the second ultrasonic vibration device 10 uses the softening effect of ultrasonic vibration to reduce the yield stress and shear yield stress of the material, and accelerate the dispersion and injection of functional particles in the cavitation jet.

[0038] In this embodiment, the mobile device 11 is used to adjust the relative position of the sample to be modified and the nozzle, and includes moving parts such as a motor, a lead screw and a guide rail, and can change the injection position of the sample particles manually or electrically; the second ultrasonic vibration device 10 is fixed above the mobile device, and the special clamp 13 is fixed above the second ultrasonic vibration device 10 to fix the sample, and the special clamp and the mobile device 10 both use existing mechanisms. A liquid collecting box 12 is provided at the bottom of the mobile device to collect the suspension.

[0039] In this embodiment, the suspension circulation device 14 includes an impurity filter and a water pump. The liquid collecting box collects the used suspension, the impurity filter filters the collected suspension, and the water pump returns the collected suspension to the particle mixing and conveying device for reuse.

[0040] In this embodiment, a control device 15 is also included, and the control device 15 is respectively connected to the pulse high-pressure jet device 2, the particle mixing and conveying device 3, the first ultrasonic vibration device 4, and the second ultrasonic vibration device 10. The control device 13 is used to control the operating parameters and states of the particle mixing and conveying device 3, the high-pulse high-pressure jet device 2, the ultrasonic vibration device and the moving device.

[0041] In this embodiment, the pulse high-pressure jet device 2, the particle mixing and conveying device 3, the first ultrasonic vibration device 4, the second ultrasonic vibration device 10 and the moving device 11 are all arranged in a protective shell 1. The protective shell can prevent the suspension from splashing during the injection of functional particles on the surface of the material, and at the same time play a protective role in protecting the operator during the work process.

[0042] The method of using the device for implanting functional particles on the surface of a material provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0043] 1. Preparation of functional particle suspension: According to the target and target effect, select appropriate functional particles (such as titanium nitride and yttrium oxide functional particles with strengthening effect and silver functional particles with antibacterial effect, etc.), accurately control the concentration of functional particles and dispersant through metering pump, and fully mix them with high-pressure fluid in the mixing chamber to form a functional particle suspension with good stability;

[0044] 2. Fixing the sample to be modified: Fix the sample to be modified and the ultrasonic vibration device on the mobile device, and adjust the sample to be modified to a position facing the nozzle;

[0045] 3. Functional particle injection process: The functional particle suspension is used as the working medium and is delivered to the nozzle in pulse form by a high-pressure water pump. At the nozzle outlet, the high-pressure water flow forms cavitation and carries the functional particles out at the same time. The particle injection principle is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the shock waves and microjets generated when the cavitation bubbles collapse are used to accelerate and inject the functional particles into the surface of the sample to be modified. The nozzle is a double-layer structure, with a high-pressure area in the middle and a low-pressure area around it, thereby enhancing the cavitation effect. The first ultrasonic vibration device on the outer wall of the nozzle promotes the occurrence of cavitation through ultrasonic vibration. The second ultrasonic vibration device at the bottom of the sample to be modified can reduce the yield stress and shear yield stress of the material by the softening effect of ultrasonic vibration, and accelerate the dispersion and injection of functional particles in the cavitation jet. The particle injection process is controlled by adjusting the cavitation jet parameters (such as pressure, flow rate, injection time, etc.) and particle injection parameters (such as particle type, particle size, injection speed, etc.). The plastic deformation of the material surface caused by the cavitation effect and the particle injection work together to form a high-density residual stress layer and a particle injection functional layer, which significantly improves the surface performance of the material. This process is carried out at room temperature, avoiding the adverse effects of high temperature on the performance of the substrate.

[0046] 4. Post-treatment and performance evaluation: The treated metal alloy surface is cleaned, dried and other post-treatments are performed to remove surface residues. Subsequently, the surface functional effects are evaluated through microscopic observation and corresponding performance testing methods.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, a method for implanting functional particles on a material surface is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0049] According to the target object and the target effect, the corresponding functional particles are selected, and the functional particles are mixed with the dispersant to a set concentration to form a functional particle suspension;

[0050] The sample to be modified and the second ultrasonic vibration device are fixed on the moving device, and the sample to be modified is adjusted to a position facing the nozzle;

[0051] The functional particle suspension is used as the working medium and is transported to the nozzle in pulse form by a high-pressure water pump; at the nozzle outlet, the high-pressure water flow forms cavitation and carries the functional particles out at the same time; the shock wave and microjet generated when the cavitation bubble collapses are used to accelerate the functional particles and inject them into the surface of the sample to be modified, thereby completing the particle injection on the surface of the modified sample.

[0052] Furthermore, during the particle injection process, the ultrasonic vibration of the first ultrasonic vibration device promotes the occurrence of cavitation, and the softening effect of the ultrasonic vibration of the second ultrasonic vibration device reduces the yield stress and shear yield stress of the material, thereby accelerating the dispersion and injection of functional particles in the cavitation jet.

[0053] In this embodiment, the entire particle implantation process is performed at room temperature.

[0054] Implementation Method 1

[0055] The metal alloy material used is aluminum alloy 6061Al. Figure 5 The cavitation jet process in the process is used to inject particles into the surface of aluminum alloy to achieve surface strengthening effect.

[0056] 1. Preparation of functional particle suspension: Yttrium oxide with a diameter of 30-50nm is selected as the functional particle, and polyethyleneimine (PEI) is used as the polyelectrolyte to increase the classical repulsion between the functional particles, prevent agglomeration, and improve the stability of the functional particles in water. The concentration of the functional particles is precisely controlled to be 5-10wt% and the concentration of the dispersant is 1.5wt% by a metering pump, and it is fully mixed with the high-pressure fluid in the mixing chamber to form a functional particle suspension with good stability;

[0057] 2. Fixing the sample to be modified: Fix the sample to be modified and the ultrasonic vibration device on the mobile device, adjust it to a position directly opposite to the nozzle, and adjust the distance between the nozzle and the surface of the sample to be modified to between 5 and 100 mm;

[0058] 3. Functional particle injection process: Yttrium oxide suspension is used as the working medium, and the functional particle suspension is transported to the nozzle by a high-pressure water pump. At the nozzle outlet, the high-pressure water flow forms cavitation and ejects the functional particles together. The shock wave and microjet generated when the cavitation bubble collapses are used to accelerate the functional particles and inject them into the surface of the sample to be modified. The nozzle has a double-layer structure, with a high-pressure area in the middle and a low-pressure area around it, thereby enhancing the cavitation effect. The ultrasonic vibration device on the outer wall of the nozzle promotes the occurrence of cavitation through ultrasonic vibration. The ultrasonic vibration device at the bottom of the sample to be modified can reduce the yield stress and shear yield stress of the material by the softening effect of ultrasonic vibration, and accelerate the dispersion and injection of functional particles in the cavitation jet. At this time, the high pressure at the nozzle is set to 50-200MPa, the low pressure is set to 0.01-10MPa, the injection time is 1-10min, the ultrasonic vibration frequency is set to 20-100kHz, and the output power is set to 100-900W. The plastic deformation of the material surface caused by the cavitation effect and the particle injection work together to form a high-density residual stress layer and a particle injection functional layer, which significantly improves the surface performance of the material. This process is carried out at room temperature, avoiding the adverse effects of high temperature on the performance of the substrate;

[0059] 4. Post-treatment and performance evaluation: The treated metal alloy surface is cleaned and dried to remove surface residues. Nanoindentation measurements show that the resulting surface hardened zone extends about 20 μm into the material, and the surface hardness is more than doubled.

[0060] Implementation Method 2

[0061] The metal material used is implantable titanium alloy TC4. Cavitation jet is used to inject particles into the surface of the titanium alloy to achieve antibacterial properties on the surface of the material and improve the biocompatibility of the material.

[0062] 1. Preparation of functional particle suspension: Select nanosilver particles with a diameter of 5-10nm as functional particles, and PEI as polyelectrolyte to increase the classical repulsion between functional particles, prevent agglomeration, and improve the stability of functional particles in water. Use a metering pump to accurately control the concentration of functional particles to 0.1-0.5mg / L and the concentration of dispersant to 1.5wt%, and fully mix it with high-pressure fluid in the mixing chamber to form a functional particle suspension with good stability;

[0063] 2. Fixing the sample to be modified: Fix the sample to be modified and the ultrasonic vibration device on the mobile device, and adjust the sample to be modified to a position directly opposite to the nozzle, and adjust the distance between the nozzle and the surface of the sample to be modified to between 5 and 50 mm;

[0064] 3. Functional particle injection process: The nanosilver particle suspension is used as the working medium, and the functional particle suspension is transported to the nozzle by a high-pressure water pump. At the nozzle outlet, the high-pressure water flow forms cavitation and ejects the functional particles together. The shock wave and microjet generated when the cavitation bubble collapses are used to accelerate the functional particles and inject them into the surface of the sample to be modified. The nozzle has a double-layer structure, with a high-pressure area in the middle and a low-pressure area around it, thereby enhancing the cavitation effect. The ultrasonic vibration device on the outer wall of the nozzle promotes the occurrence of cavitation through ultrasonic vibration. The ultrasonic vibration device at the bottom of the sample to be modified can reduce the yield stress and shear yield stress of the material by the softening effect of ultrasonic vibration, and accelerate the dispersion and injection of functional particles in the cavitation jet. At this time, the high pressure at the nozzle is set to 100-300MPa, the low pressure is set to 0.01-10MPa, the injection time is 10-30min, the ultrasonic vibration frequency is set to 20-100kHz, and the output power is set to 100-900W. The plastic deformation of the material surface caused by the cavitation effect and the particle injection work together to form a high-density residual stress layer and a particle injection functional layer, which significantly improves the surface performance of the material. This process is carried out at room temperature, avoiding the adverse effects of high temperature on the performance of the substrate;

[0065] 4. Post-treatment and performance evaluation: The treated metal alloy surface is cleaned, dried and other post-treatments are performed to remove surface residues. Through antibacterial performance tests and cell culture experiments, it is found that after the surface silver particles are injected, the antibacterial rate is significantly improved, and its cell compatibility is also significantly improved. Figure 6 OD value refers to the absorbance of a sample at a specific wavelength (usually 450nm). It reflects the metabolic activity of cells, thereby indirectly evaluating the survival rate or proliferation ability of cells. Cells were cultured on the treated and untreated sample surfaces for 1 day and 3 days, respectively. By comparing the OD values, it was found that the surface had good biocompatibility after particle injection and could effectively promote cell proliferation. At the same time, the presence of silver particles made the modified surface have significant antibacterial properties.

[0066] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for implanting functional particles on a material surface, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pulse high-pressure jet device, which is connected to a particle mixing and conveying device, and the particle mixing and conveying device provides a functional particle suspension for the pulse high-pressure jet device; the nozzle of the pulse high-pressure jet device is located above the sample to be modified and is separated from the sample to be modified by a set distance, and a first ultrasonic vibration device is installed on the outer wall of the nozzle, and the first ultrasonic vibration device promotes the occurrence of cavitation during the jetting of the functional particle suspension; the sample to be modified is adjusted in position relative to the nozzle by a moving device, and a second ultrasonic vibration device is installed on the moving device, and the second ultrasonic vibration device accelerates the dispersion and injection of particles in the cavitation jet.

2. The device for implanting functional particles on a material surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle adopts a double-layer structure, with a high-pressure area in the middle and a low-pressure area around it. A high-pressure fluid inlet and a low-pressure fluid inlet are arranged on the end face of the nozzle. The high-pressure fluid inlet is connected to the high-pressure area, and the low-pressure fluid inlet is connected to the low-pressure area.

3. The device for implanting functional particles on a material surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The particle mixing and conveying device includes a particle storage tank, a dispersant storage tank, a metering pump and a mixing chamber. The particle storage tank and the dispersant storage tank are respectively connected to the mixing chamber through pipelines, and the mixing chamber is connected to a pulse high-pressure jet device through a pipeline. The outlet pipeline of the particle storage tank and the outlet pipeline of the dispersant storage tank are respectively provided with metering pumps, and the pipeline connecting the mixing chamber and the pulse high-pressure jet device is provided with a concentration detector.

4. The device for implanting functional particles on a material surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first ultrasonic vibration device and the second ultrasonic vibration device have the same structure, and both include an ultrasonic generator, a transducer and a vibration head.

5. The device for implanting functional particles on a material surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid collecting box is also provided at the bottom of the moving device, and the liquid collecting box is connected with the particle mixing and conveying device through a suspension circulation device.

6. The device for implanting functional particles on a material surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control device, which is connected to the pulse high-pressure jet device, the particle mixing and conveying device, the first ultrasonic vibration device, and the second ultrasonic vibration device respectively.

7. The device for implanting functional particles on a material surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse high-pressure jet device, the particle mixing and conveying device, the first ultrasonic vibration device, the second ultrasonic vibration device and the moving device are all arranged in the protective shell.

8. A method for implanting functional particles onto a material surface, implemented by using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: According to the target object and the target effect, the corresponding functional particles are selected, and the functional particles are mixed with the dispersant to a set concentration to form a functional particle suspension; The sample to be modified and the second ultrasonic vibration device are fixed on the moving device, and the sample to be modified is adjusted to a position facing the nozzle; The functional particle suspension is used as the working medium and is transported to the nozzle in pulse form by a high-pressure water pump; at the nozzle outlet, the high-pressure water flow forms cavitation and carries the functional particles out at the same time; the shock wave and microjet generated when the cavitation bubble collapses are used to accelerate the functional particles and inject them into the surface of the sample to be modified, thereby completing the particle injection on the surface of the modified sample.

9. The method for implanting functional particles onto a material surface as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: During the particle injection process, the ultrasonic vibration of the first ultrasonic vibration device promotes the occurrence of cavitation, and the softening effect of the ultrasonic vibration of the second ultrasonic vibration device reduces the yield stress and shear yield stress of the material, thereby accelerating the dispersion and injection of functional particles in the cavitation jet.

10. The method for implanting functional particles onto a material surface as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The entire particle implantation process was performed at room temperature.

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