High-stress broken soft coal seam gas extraction drilling method and equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gas extraction, in particular to a high-stress broken soft coal seam gas extraction drilling method and equipment, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, construction preparation: obtaining space positioning of a fracture in the vertical direction of an underground coal seam of a coal mine and a mining engineering plan, and designing a drilling position and drilling parameters; 2, arranging a drill site: arranging the drill site at the top of a coal seam near a stop line of a mining working face, and meanwhile, forming a hole in the top of the coal seam according to a pre-designed drilling position and drilling parameters; 3, hole opening construction is conducted, specifically, a four-wing flat-bottom PDC directional drill bit is adopted for hole opening; 4, reaming and drilling, wherein reaming is conducted vertically according to construction requirements or according to an original drill hole, and reaming is conducted to the bottom of the hole; according to the device, through correction control of the correction assembly, the reference position is fixed under the condition that the support is fixed, and therefore the situation that the inner wall of a drill hole collapses due to the fact that force is applied through the reference drill hole in the construction process is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of gas extraction, and in particular to a high-stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling method and equipment. Background Art

[0002] High-stress broken soft coal seam gas refers to coal mine gas contained in high-stress soft rock. Under high stress level conditions, the rock formation is prone to deformation. Its geological characteristics are less mud components, but a certain content, and more sand components, such as mud siltstone, mud sandstone, etc. Its engineering characteristics are that when the depth is not large, it exhibits the deformation characteristics of hard rock. When the depth increases to a certain value, it exhibits the deformation characteristics of soft rock.

[0003] When drilling for high-stress crushed soft coal seam gas, when the drilling depth increases to a certain value, the rock formation is prone to deformation, which makes the drilling angle prone to tilt during drilling, making it easy for accidents in the hole such as hole wall collapse to occur during the drilling process, thus affecting the excavation or gas extraction efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a high-stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling method and equipment.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Construction preparation: Obtain the spatial location of the cracks in the vertical direction of the coal seam in the coal mine and the plan of the mining project, design the drilling position and drilling parameters, and then arrange the trajectory, drilling layer, opening point, angle, length and measurement position of the directional drilling;

[0007] Step 2: Drilling site layout: Drilling site is arranged at the top of the coal seam near the stop line of the mining working face, and drilling is performed at the top of the coal seam according to the pre-designed drilling position and drilling parameters;

[0008] Step 3: Hole construction: Use a four-wing flat-bottom PDC directional drill bit to drill the hole;

[0009] Step 4: Hole expansion and drilling: Use drilling equipment to expand the hole, expand the hole vertically or according to the original drilling requirements, and expand the hole to the bottom;

[0010] Step 5: Sealing and reinforcing protection: lower the hole protection screen through the drilling rig to protect the hole, and inject sealing materials into the hole protection screen and the annulus of the borehole wall to seal the hole protection screen;

[0011] Step 6, Directional Drilling: After installing the hole protection screen, pneumatic directional drilling is carried out, using a bottom hole motor and a matching downhole measurement device for trajectory control, so that the drilling trajectory extends horizontally within the coal seam roof fracture zone as far as possible in the designed direction until the main hole reaches the designed depth, and finally gas extraction is carried out in the borehole.

[0012] In a second aspect, a high-stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling device is provided, comprising:

[0013] A bracket, mounted on the top of the drilled hole through a fixing assembly;

[0014] A horizontal plate is installed above the bracket through a correction component, and is used to adjust the horizontal plate to a horizontal state or to adjust the horizontal plate to a state perpendicular to the drill hole;

[0015] A first straight rod is inserted through the center of the horizontal plate and driven by a driving assembly installed on the horizontal plate to drive the first straight rod to rotate and drive it vertically at the same time;

[0016] A drill bit is fixed on the outer wall of the first straight rod, and when the first straight rod rotates, the drill bit is driven to rotate so as to expand the original drill hole;

[0017] When drilling a hole, firstly drill a reference hole. After the drilling is completed, fix the bracket to the top of the hole through a fixing assembly. Fix the bracket to the hole so that the fixed support point of the bracket is located at the top of the hole. This helps to avoid the bracket applying a supporting force to the hole wall when supporting the hole expansion construction inside the hole, thereby causing the hole to collapse.

[0018] Then, according to the need of hole expansion, the correction component is controlled to select a suitable reference. When it is necessary to make the drilled hole after expansion perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the correction component is controlled to adjust the horizontal plate to a horizontal state. When it is necessary to make the drilled hole after expansion maintain the original drilled hole angle, the correction component is controlled to adjust the horizontal plate to a state perpendicular to the drilled hole.

[0019] After the horizontal plate is adjusted, the control drive assembly is started, and the drive assembly drives the first straight rod to rotate, and the first straight rod moves downward while rotating, and the rotation of the first straight rod drives the drill bit to rotate, so that the drill bit rotates and moves downward to perform a hole expansion process, thereby gradually expanding the borehole, which is beneficial to the reference of the drilling hole. The process of hole expansion reduces the force area of ​​one-time construction, which is beneficial to avoid the collapse of the borehole. Through the correction control of the correction assembly, the reference position is fixed when the bracket is fixed, which is beneficial to avoid the collapse of the inner wall of the borehole caused by the force applied by the reference drilling hole during the construction process.

[0020] Preferably, the correction component comprises:

[0021] A spherical bracket is installed in a mounting groove opened at the center of the bracket, the spherical bracket rotates freely in the mounting groove, and the horizontal plate is fixed to the top of the spherical bracket;

[0022] A plurality of first cylinders are arranged in a circular array and are fixed to the bracket through first mounting brackets respectively, and a ball is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod of all the first cylinders, and the ball is spherically rotatably connected to the edge of the horizontal plate;

[0023] A horizontal correction mechanism, installed on the edge of the horizontal plate, for detecting whether the horizontal plate is in a horizontal state;

[0024] A vertical correction mechanism, installed at the bottom of the first straight rod, for detecting whether the horizontal plate is in a vertical drilling state;

[0025] The horizontal correction mechanism and the vertical correction mechanism can detect the state of the horizontal plate. When the first cylinder is started, it can drive the ball to move vertically through the telescopic rod. After the ball moves vertically, it can drive the edge of the horizontal plate to adjust the height. Therefore, the adjustment of the first cylinder at different positions can adjust the horizontal plate in various directions, thereby adjusting the angle of the horizontal plate. When adjusting the angle, the horizontal plate drives the spherical frame to rotate, and the spherical frame rotates freely inside the mounting groove, so that the horizontal plate can be adjusted in any direction under the support of the spherical frame, so that the horizontal plate can be adjusted at any angle, so that the drilling can be expanded at various angles.

[0026] Preferably, the horizontal correction mechanism comprises:

[0027] A plurality of spherical bins are fixed to the edge of the horizontal plate in a circular array, the spherical bins are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first cylinders, and the interiors of the spherical bins are filled with floating liquid;

[0028] A plurality of floating plates are arranged corresponding to the spherical bins one by one, and are placed inside the corresponding spherical bins respectively, and are always kept in a horizontal state by the buoyancy of the floating liquid;

[0029] A plurality of laser lamps are arranged corresponding to the floating plates one by one and are respectively fixed inside the corresponding floating plates;

[0030] A plurality of receiving plates are fixed in a circular array inside the edge of the horizontal plate, and are arranged one by one corresponding to the laser lamps. When the horizontal plate is in a horizontal state, the photoelectricity of all the laser lamps is irradiated on the center of the corresponding receiving plate;

[0031] The floating liquid inside the spherical bin always maintains a horizontal state, thereby driving the floating plate to always maintain a horizontal state. When the horizontal plate is in a horizontal state, all the laser lights inside the floating plate are parallel to the horizontal plate, so that the irradiation points of all the laser lights correspond to the center position of the receiving plate, so that the horizontal state of the horizontal plate can be detected. When the horizontal plate tilts to one side, the irradiation point of the laser light is offset on the receiving plate. When the irradiation point of the laser light is offset downward, the edge of the horizontal plate corresponding to the laser light is offset upward, and vice versa. Therefore, the angle of the horizontal plate can be adjusted, which is conducive to controlling the horizontal plate to be adjusted to a horizontal state, so that when the horizontal plate is in a horizontal state, the drilling and reaming construction is a vertical construction perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0032] Preferably, the vertical correction mechanism comprises:

[0033] A detection frame, fixed to the bottom of the first straight rod;

[0034] A plurality of inner grooves are arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the detection frame;

[0035] A plurality of first support frames are arranged corresponding to the inner grooves one by one and are respectively inserted into the corresponding inner grooves, and pressure sensors are fixed on the side walls of all the first support frames;

[0036] A plurality of second cylinders are arranged corresponding to the inner grooves one by one and are respectively installed inside the corresponding inner grooves, and are used to push the first support frame inside the corresponding inner groove to move through the telescopic rod;

[0037] When the second cylinder is started, the telescopic rod can drive the first support frame to move, and the first support frame moves toward the side wall of the borehole, so that the first support frame is supported on the side wall of the borehole. When the inclination of the detection frame and the side wall of the borehole is the same, the supporting force of each first support frame on the detection frame on the inner wall of the borehole after being extended is the same. When the inclination of the detection frame and the side wall of the borehole is different, the supporting force of each first support frame on the detection frame on the inner wall of the borehole after being extended is different. The pressure sensor can detect the supporting force. When the pressure value of a certain pressure sensor is detected to be too large, the detection frame is tilted in that direction relative to the borehole, so that the angle of the detection frame needs to be adjusted. The detection frame is perpendicular to the horizontal plate. Therefore, the angle of the detection frame can be adjusted by adjusting the horizontal plate, so that the horizontal plate can be adjusted to an angle perpendicular to the borehole through the detection of the pressure sensor, thereby facilitating the expansion construction of the borehole with the same inclination angle.

[0038] Preferably, the drive assembly comprises:

[0039] A slot is provided on the surface of the first straight rod;

[0040] A first gear is rotatably mounted on the top of the horizontal plate, and the first gear is vertically slidably connected to a slot on the surface of the first straight rod;

[0041] A first motor is fixed to the top of the horizontal plate through a second mounting frame, a second gear is fixed to the output shaft of the first motor, and the second gear is meshed with the first gear;

[0042] A rack fixed on the side wall of the first straight rod;

[0043] A second motor is fixed to the top of the first gear through a fixing plate, a third gear is fixed to the output shaft of the second motor, and the third gear is meshed with the rack;

[0044] After the first motor is started, the output shaft drives the second gear connected thereto to rotate. After the second gear rotates, the first gear meshing therewith is driven to rotate. The first gear drives the first straight rod to rotate through the slot, thereby realizing the rotation drive of the first straight rod.

[0045] After the second motor is started, the output shaft drives the third gear connected thereto to rotate. After the third gear rotates, it drives the rack meshing therewith to move. When the rack moves, it drives the first straight rod fixedly connected thereto to move, thereby realizing the vertical movement drive of the first straight rod;

[0046] As an optional embodiment, a protective cover is fixed to the top of the horizontal plate, so that the above structure is installed inside the protective cover and protected, which is beneficial to improving the service life of the corresponding structure.

[0047] Preferably, it also includes:

[0048] A second straight rod, detachably fixedly mounted on the top of the first straight rod;

[0049] The surface of the second straight rod is provided with the same slot as the surface of the first straight rod, and the surface of the second straight rod is fixed with the same rack as the surface of the first straight rod, and the rack is meshed with the third gear;

[0050] When the drilling reaches a certain depth, the length of the first straight rod is not enough to push the drill bit to continue moving downward to expand the hole. At this time, the second straight rod is fixed to the top of the first straight rod to extend the first straight rod, so that the driving assembly continues to drive the second straight rod to rotate and move downward, thereby driving the first straight rod and the drill bit to rotate and move downward to expand the hole, which is beneficial for further increasing the expansion depth of the drilling hole when supporting through the top ground of the drilling hole.

[0051] Preferably, it also includes:

[0052] A second support frame is fixed to the top of the horizontal plate;

[0053] A connecting frame, vertically inserted on the top of the second supporting frame;

[0054] A cover plate, fixed on the connecting frame;

[0055] A storage cavity, fixed to one side of the cover plate and communicated with the cover plate;

[0056] A connecting cavity is fixed to the top of the horizontal plate, and the top is vertically plug-connected and communicated with the storage cavity, and a slag discharge port is provided on the side wall of the connecting cavity;

[0057] The spiral leaves are rotatably mounted inside the first straight rod and the second straight rod respectively. When the first straight rod and the second straight rod are connected, the adjacent spiral leaves are plug-connected, and the top spiral leaf is plug-connected with the cover plate;

[0058] A plurality of openings are formed in a circular array and are disposed through the bottom of the side wall of the first straight rod;

[0059] The second support frame can support the connecting frame, so that the connecting frame can be vertically moved and adjusted under the support of the second support frame, so that the second support frame can adjust the height to add a new second straight rod, and the second support frame can support the cover plate. When the cover plate is connected to the top of the second straight rod, the cover plate is clamped and connected with the spiral leaf, so that the rotation of the spiral leaf is restricted. At this time, the second straight rod and the first straight rod are in a rotating state under the driving action of the driving assembly, so that the spiral leaf rotates relative to the second straight rod and the first straight rod. A rotating motor is arranged on the top of the cover plate, and the spiral leaf is driven by the rotating motor to rotate. The rotation of the spiral leaf is different from the rotation direction of the second straight rod and the first straight rod, so that the crushed soil generated when the opening enters the expansion hole inside the first straight rod can be further pushed to move upward along the first straight rod and the second straight rod, so as to be discharged through the storage chamber and the slag discharge port at the bottom of the connecting chamber;

[0060] This helps to timely discharge the broken soil produced by hole expansion, and helps to avoid the accumulation of broken soil inside the borehole to interfere with the hole expansion angle of the drill bit, causing deviations when expanding the hole inside the drill bit and thus causing internal collapse.

[0061] Preferably, it also includes:

[0062] A negative pressure pump is fixed to the top of the storage chamber and communicated with the storage chamber through an input end;

[0063] A filter screen is fixed to the top of the inner wall of the storage chamber, and the input end of the negative pressure pump is located inside the filter screen;

[0064] After the negative pressure pump is started, negative pressure can be generated inside the storage chamber. If the first straight rod and the second straight rod are blocked, the slag discharge port is blocked and the negative pressure pump is started to generate negative pressure inside the storage chamber, thereby generating negative pressure inside the first straight rod and the second straight rod. Through the combined effect of the negative pressure and the pushing effect of the spiral blade, the crushed soil inside the first straight rod and the second straight rod is pushed upward, thereby reducing the occurrence of blockage inside the first straight rod and the second straight rod.

[0065] The setting of the filter screen is helpful to prevent the broken soil from entering the interior of the negative pressure pump and causing damage to the negative pressure pump.

[0066] Preferably, the drill bit further comprises:

[0067] A support plate, arranged in an annular shape, fixed to the top edge of the drill bit;

[0068] A drill bit tooth, threadedly fixed to the bottom of the drill bit;

[0069] The support plate can support the inner wall of the borehole after expansion, thereby squeezing the inside of the borehole to make it tight, which is beneficial to reduce the collapse of the inner wall of the borehole. The drill teeth improve the crushing ability of soil blocks when the drill bit rotates, which is beneficial to reduce the torsional squeezing force on the soil blocks, thereby helping to reduce the collapse of the inner wall of the borehole caused by external forces.

[0070] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0071] The present invention, through the setting of the correction component, can fix the reference position through the correction control of the correction component when the bracket is fixed, thereby helping to avoid the situation in which the inner wall of the borehole collapses due to the force applied through the reference borehole during the construction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0072] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 3 The structure of the present invention after the overall section is schematically shown. Figure 1 .

[0075] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0076] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0077] Figure 6 The structure of the present invention after the overall section is schematically shown. Figure 2 .

[0078] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0079] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at D in the middle.

[0080] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the driving structure of the present invention.

[0081] Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at E in the middle.

[0082] In the figure: 1, drilling hole; 2, bracket; 201, fixing pin; 3, horizontal plate; 301, spherical frame; 302, mounting groove; 303, protective cover; 4, spherical bin; 401, floating plate; 402, laser light; 403, receiving plate; 5, first cylinder; 501, sphere; 502, first mounting frame; 6, drill bit; 601, support plate; 602, drill bit teeth; 7, first straight rod; 8, first support frame; 801, inner groove; 802, second cylinder; 803, pressure Force sensor; 804, detection frame; 9, first gear; 901, slot; 902, second gear; 903, second mounting frame; 904, first motor; 10, rack; 1001, third gear; 1002, second motor; 11, second straight rod; 12, cover plate; 1201, connecting frame; 1202, second supporting frame; 13, storage chamber; 1301, connecting chamber; 1302, negative pressure pump; 1303, filter; 14, spiral blade; 15, opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0084] like Figure 1 A high stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling method is shown, comprising the following steps:

[0085] Step 1: Construction preparation: Obtain the spatial location of the cracks in the vertical direction of the coal seam in the coal mine and the plan of the mining project, design the drilling position and drilling parameters, and then arrange the trajectory, drilling layer, opening point, angle, length and measurement position of the directional drilling;

[0086] Step 2: Drilling site layout: Drilling site is arranged at the top of the coal seam near the stop line of the mining working face, and drilling is performed at the top of the coal seam according to the pre-designed drilling position and drilling parameters;

[0087] Step 3: Hole construction: Use a four-wing flat-bottom PDC directional drill bit to drill the hole;

[0088] Step 4: Hole expansion and drilling: Use drilling equipment to expand the hole, expand the hole vertically or according to the original drilling requirements, and expand the hole to the bottom;

[0089] Step 5: Sealing and reinforcing protection: lower the hole protection screen through the drilling rig to protect the hole, and inject sealing materials into the hole protection screen and the annulus of the borehole wall to seal the hole protection screen;

[0090] Step 6, Directional Drilling: After installing the hole protection screen, pneumatic directional drilling is carried out, using a bottom hole motor and a matching downhole measurement device for trajectory control, so that the drilling trajectory extends horizontally within the coal seam roof fracture zone as far as possible in the designed direction until the main hole reaches the designed depth, and finally gas extraction is carried out in the borehole.

[0091] like Figures 2 to 10 A high stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling device is shown, comprising:

[0092] The bracket 2 is mounted on the top of the borehole 1 through a fixing assembly;

[0093] The horizontal plate 3 is installed on the upper side of the bracket 2 through a correction assembly, and is used to adjust the horizontal plate 3 to a horizontal state or to adjust the horizontal plate 3 to a state perpendicular to the drill hole 1;

[0094] The first straight rod 7 is inserted through the center of the horizontal plate 3 and driven by a driving assembly installed on the horizontal plate 3 to drive the first straight rod 7 to rotate and drive it vertically at the same time;

[0095] The drill bit 6 is fixed on the outer wall of the first straight rod 7, and drives the drill bit 6 to rotate when the first straight rod 7 rotates, so as to expand the original borehole 1;

[0096] When drilling for high-stress crushed soft coal seam gas, when the drilling depth increases to a certain value, the rock formation is prone to deformation, which makes the drilling angle prone to tilt during drilling, making it easy for in-hole accidents such as hole wall collapse to occur during the drilling process, thus affecting the efficiency of excavation or gas extraction;

[0097] This embodiment of the present invention can solve the above problems. The specific implementation method is as follows: when drilling, firstly, the reference hole drilling 1 is constructed. After the drilling 1 is completed, the bracket 2 is fixed to the top of the drilling 1 by a fixing assembly. By fixing the bracket 2 in the drilling 1, the fixed support point of the bracket 2 is located at the top of the drilling 1, which is conducive to preventing the bracket 2 from applying a supporting force to the hole wall when supporting the expansion construction inside the drilling 1, thereby causing the internal collapse of the drilling 1.

[0098] As an optional embodiment, the fixing assembly includes a plurality of fixing pins 201, and the fixing pins 201 are used to fix the bracket 2 and the ground at the top of the borehole 1;

[0099] Then, according to the need of hole expansion, the correction component is controlled to select a suitable reference. When it is necessary to make the drilled hole 1 after expansion perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the correction component is controlled to adjust the horizontal plate 3 to a horizontal state. When it is necessary to make the drilled hole 1 after expansion maintain the angle of the original drilled hole 1, the correction component is controlled to adjust the horizontal plate 3 to a state perpendicular to the drilled hole 1.

[0100] After the horizontal plate 3 is adjusted, the control driving component is started, and the driving component drives the first straight rod 7 to rotate, and the first straight rod 7 moves downward while rotating, and the first straight rod 7 drives the drill bit 6 to rotate, so that the drill bit 6 rotates and moves downward to perform a hole expansion process, thereby gradually expanding the borehole 1, which is beneficial to refer to the borehole 1. The force area of ​​one-time construction is reduced through the hole expansion process, which is beneficial to avoid the collapse of the borehole 1. Through the correction control of the correction component, the reference position is fixed when the bracket 2 is fixed, which is beneficial to avoid the collapse of the inner wall of the borehole 1 caused by applying force through the reference borehole 1 during the construction process.

[0101] As an optional embodiment, the correction component includes:

[0102] The spherical frame 301 is installed in the installation groove 302 opened at the center of the bracket 2. The spherical frame 301 rotates freely in the installation groove 302. The horizontal plate 3 is fixed to the top of the spherical frame 301.

[0103] A plurality of first cylinders 5 are arranged in a circular array and are fixed to the bracket 2 through first mounting frames 502 respectively. A ball 501 is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod of all first cylinders 5, and the ball 501 is spherically rotatably connected to the edge of the horizontal plate 3;

[0104] A horizontal correction mechanism, installed on the edge of the horizontal plate 3, is used to detect whether the horizontal plate 3 is in a horizontal state;

[0105] A vertical correction mechanism, installed at the bottom of the first straight rod 7, is used to detect whether the horizontal plate 3 is in a state of being vertical to the drilling hole 1;

[0106] The horizontal correction mechanism and the vertical correction mechanism can detect the state of the horizontal plate 3. When the first cylinder 5 is started, it can drive the ball 501 to move vertically through the telescopic rod. After the ball 501 moves vertically, it can drive the edge of the horizontal plate 3 to adjust the height. Therefore, the adjustment of the first cylinder 5 at different positions can adjust the horizontal plate 3 in various directions, thereby adjusting the angle of the horizontal plate 3. When adjusting the angle, the horizontal plate 3 drives the spherical bracket 301 to rotate, and the spherical bracket 301 rotates freely inside the mounting groove 302, so that the horizontal plate 3 can be adjusted in any direction under the support of the spherical bracket 301, so that the horizontal plate 3 can be adjusted at any angle, so that the drilling hole 1 can be expanded at various angles.

[0107] As an optional embodiment, the horizontal correction mechanism includes:

[0108] A plurality of spherical bins 4 are fixed to the edge of the horizontal plate 3 in a circumferential array, the spherical bins 4 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first cylinders 5, and the interiors of the spherical bins 4 are filled with floating liquid;

[0109] A plurality of floating plates 401 are arranged one by one corresponding to the spherical bins 4, and are placed inside the corresponding spherical bins 4, and are always kept in a horizontal state by the buoyancy of the floating liquid;

[0110] A plurality of laser lamps 402 are arranged one by one corresponding to the floating plates 401 and are respectively fixed inside the corresponding floating plates 401;

[0111] A plurality of receiving plates 403 are fixed in a circular array inside the edge of the horizontal plate 3 and are arranged one by one corresponding to the laser lamps 402. When the horizontal plate 3 is in a horizontal state, the photoelectricity of all the laser lamps 402 is irradiated on the center of the corresponding receiving plate 403;

[0112] The floating liquid inside the spherical bin 4 always maintains a horizontal state, thereby driving the floating plate 401 to always maintain a horizontal state. When the horizontal plate 3 is in a horizontal state, all the laser lights 402 inside the floating plates 401 are parallel to the horizontal plate 3, so that the irradiation points of all the laser lights 402 correspond to the center position of the receiving plate 403, so that the horizontal state of the horizontal plate 3 can be detected. When the horizontal plate 3 tilts to one side, the irradiation point of the laser light 402 is offset on the receiving plate 403. When the irradiation point of the laser light 402 is offset downward, the edge of the horizontal plate 3 corresponding to the laser light 402 is offset upward, and vice versa. Therefore, the angle of the horizontal plate 3 can be adjusted, which is beneficial to control the horizontal plate 3 to be adjusted to a horizontal state, so that when the horizontal plate 3 is in a horizontal state, the hole expansion construction of the drilling hole 1 is a vertical construction perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0113] As an optional embodiment, the vertical correction mechanism includes:

[0114] The detection frame 804 is fixed to the bottom of the first straight rod 7;

[0115] A plurality of inner grooves 801 are provided in a circular array on the outer wall of the detection frame 804;

[0116] A plurality of first support frames 8 are arranged corresponding to the inner grooves 801 one by one and are respectively inserted into the corresponding inner grooves 801. Pressure sensors 803 are fixed on the side walls of all first support frames 8.

[0117] A plurality of second cylinders 802 are arranged one by one corresponding to the inner grooves 801 and are respectively installed inside the corresponding inner grooves 801, and are used to push the first support frame 8 inside the corresponding inner groove 801 to move through the telescopic rod;

[0118] When the second cylinder 802 is started, the telescopic rod can drive the first support frame 8 to move, and the first support frame 8 moves toward the side wall of the borehole 1, so that the first support frame 8 is supported on the side wall of the borehole 1. When the detection frame 804 and the side wall of the borehole 1 have the same inclination, the first support frames 8 on the detection frame 804 have the same supporting force on the inner wall of the borehole 1 after they are extended. When the detection frame 804 and the side wall of the borehole 1 have different inclinations, the first support frames 8 on the detection frame 804 have different supporting forces on the inner wall of the borehole 1 after they are extended. The pressure sensor 803 can detect the supporting force. When it is detected that the pressure value of a certain pressure sensor 803 is too large, the detection frame 804 is tilted in that direction relative to the borehole 1, so that the angle of the detection frame 804 needs to be adjusted. The detection frame 804 is perpendicular to the horizontal plate 3. Therefore, the angle of the detection frame 804 can be adjusted by adjusting the horizontal plate 3, so that the horizontal plate 3 can be adjusted to a perpendicular angle to the borehole 1 through the detection of the pressure sensor 803, thereby facilitating the expansion construction of the borehole 1 with the same inclination angle.

[0119] As an optional embodiment, the driving component includes:

[0120] The slot 901 is formed on the surface of the first straight rod 7;

[0121] The first gear 9 is rotatably mounted on the top of the horizontal plate 3, and the first gear 9 is vertically slidably connected with the slot 901 on the surface of the first straight rod 7;

[0122] The first motor 904 is fixed to the top of the horizontal plate 3 through the second mounting frame 903. The output shaft of the first motor 904 is fixed with a second gear 902, and the second gear 902 is meshed with the first gear 9;

[0123] The rack 10 is fixed on the side wall of the first straight rod 7;

[0124] The second motor 1002 is fixed to the top of the first gear 9 through a fixing plate, and the output shaft of the second motor 1002 is fixed with a third gear 1001, and the third gear 1001 is meshed with the rack 10;

[0125] After the first motor 904 is started, the output shaft drives the second gear 902 connected thereto to rotate. After the second gear 902 rotates, it drives the first gear 9 meshing therewith to rotate. The first gear 9 drives the first straight rod 7 to rotate through the slot 901, thereby realizing the rotation drive of the first straight rod 7.

[0126] After the second motor 1002 is started, the output shaft drives the third gear 1001 connected thereto to rotate. After the third gear 1001 rotates, it drives the rack 10 meshing therewith to move. When the rack 10 moves, it drives the first straight rod 7 fixedly connected thereto to move, thereby realizing the vertical movement drive of the first straight rod 7.

[0127] As an optional embodiment, a protective cover 303 is fixed to the top of the horizontal plate 3, so that the above structure is installed inside the protective cover 303 to be protected, which is beneficial to improve the service life of the corresponding structure.

[0128] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0129] The second straight rod 11 is detachably fixedly mounted on the top of the first straight rod 7;

[0130] The second straight rod 11 has a slot 901 on its surface that is the same as the first straight rod 7, and a rack 10 is fixed on its surface that is the same as the first straight rod 7, and the rack 10 is meshed with the third gear 1001;

[0131] When the borehole 1 reaches a certain depth, the length of the first straight rod 7 is not enough to push the drill bit 6 to continue moving downward to expand the hole. At this time, the second straight rod 11 is fixed to the top of the first straight rod 7, thereby extending the first straight rod 7, so that the driving assembly continues to drive the second straight rod 11 to rotate and move downward, thereby driving the first straight rod 7 and the drill bit 6 to rotate and move downward to expand the borehole 1, which is beneficial for further increasing the expansion depth of the borehole 1 when supporting through the top ground of the borehole 1.

[0132] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0133] The second support frame 1202 is fixed to the top of the horizontal plate 3;

[0134] The connecting frame 1201 is vertically inserted on the top of the second supporting frame 1202;

[0135] The cover plate 12 is fixed on the connecting frame 1201;

[0136] The storage chamber 13 is fixed to one side of the cover plate 12 and communicated with the cover plate 12;

[0137] The connecting chamber 1301 is fixed to the top of the horizontal plate 3, and the top is vertically plug-connected and communicated with the storage chamber 13, and a slag discharge port is opened on the side wall of the connecting chamber 1301;

[0138] The spiral leaves 14 are rotatably mounted inside the first straight rod 7 and the second straight rod 11, respectively. When the first straight rod 7 and the second straight rod 11 are connected, the adjacent spiral leaves 14 are plug-connected, and the top spiral leaf 14 is plug-connected with the cover plate 12;

[0139] A plurality of openings 15 are formed in a circular array and are provided through the bottom of the side wall of the first straight rod 7;

[0140] The second support frame 1202 can support the connecting frame 1201, so that the connecting frame 1201 can be vertically moved and adjusted under the support of the second support frame 1202, so that the second support frame 1202 can adjust the height to add a new second straight rod 11, and the second support frame 1202 can support the cover plate 12. When the cover plate 12 is connected to the top of the second straight rod 11, the cover plate 12 is connected to the spiral leaf 14 by a card, so that the rotation of the spiral leaf 14 is restricted. At this time, the second straight rod 11 and the first straight rod 7 are in the driving group. The cover plate 12 is in a rotating state under the driving action of the member, so that the spiral blade 14 rotates relative to the second straight rod 11 and the first straight rod 7. A rotating motor is arranged on the top of the cover plate 12, and the spiral blade 14 is driven to rotate by the rotating motor. The rotation direction of the spiral blade 14 is different from that of the second straight rod 11 and the first straight rod 7, so that the crushed soil generated when the expansion hole entering the first straight rod 7 from the opening 15 can be further pushed to move upward along the first straight rod 7 and the second straight rod 11, so as to be discharged through the slag discharge port at the bottom of the storage chamber 13 and the connecting chamber 1301;

[0141] This helps to timely discharge the broken soil produced by hole expansion, and helps to avoid the accumulation of broken soil inside the borehole 1 to interfere with the hole expansion angle of the drill bit 6, causing deviations when expanding the hole inside the drill bit 6 and thus causing internal collapse.

[0142] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0143] The negative pressure pump 1302 is fixed to the top of the storage chamber 13 and communicates with the storage chamber 13 through the input end;

[0144] The filter screen 1303 is fixed to the top of the inner wall of the storage chamber 13, and the input end of the negative pressure pump 1302 is located inside the filter screen 1303;

[0145] After the negative pressure pump 1302 is started, negative pressure can be generated inside the storage chamber 13. If the first straight rod 7 and the second straight rod 11 are blocked, the negative pressure pump 1302 is started by blocking the slag discharge port, so that negative pressure is generated inside the storage chamber 13, thereby generating negative pressure inside the first straight rod 7 and the second straight rod 11. Through the combined effect of the negative pressure and the pushing effect of the spiral blades 14, it is conducive to pushing the crushed soil inside the first straight rod 7 and the second straight rod 11 to move upward, thereby reducing the occurrence of blockage inside the first straight rod 7 and the second straight rod 11.

[0146] The provision of the filter screen 1303 is helpful in preventing the broken soil from entering the interior of the negative pressure pump 1302 and causing damage to the negative pressure pump 1302 .

[0147] As an optional embodiment, the drill bit 6 further includes:

[0148] The support plate 601 is arranged in an annular shape and fixed to the top edge of the drill bit 6;

[0149] Drill bit teeth 602, threadedly fixed to the bottom of the drill bit 6;

[0150] The support plate 601 can support the inner wall of the expanded borehole 1 after the hole is expanded, thereby squeezing the inside of the borehole 1 to make it tight, which is beneficial to reduce the collapse of the inner wall of the borehole 1. The drill bit teeth 602 improve the ability to crush soil blocks when the drill bit 6 rotates, which is beneficial to reduce the torsional squeezing force on the soil blocks, thereby helping to reduce the collapse of the inner wall of the borehole 1 caused by external forces.

[0151] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when drilling a hole, the construction of the reference hole drilling 1 is first carried out. After the construction of the drilling hole 1 is completed, the bracket 2 is fixed to the top of the drilling hole 1 by a fixing assembly. By fixing the bracket 2 in the drilling hole 1, the fixed support point of the bracket 2 is located at the top of the drilling hole 1, which is conducive to preventing the bracket 2 from applying a supporting force to the hole wall when supporting the expansion construction inside the drilling hole 1, thereby causing the internal collapse of the drilling hole 1;

[0152] Then, according to the need of hole expansion, the correction component is controlled to select a suitable reference. When it is necessary to make the drilled hole 1 after expansion perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the correction component is controlled to adjust the horizontal plate 3 to a horizontal state. When it is necessary to make the drilled hole 1 after expansion maintain the angle of the original drilled hole 1, the correction component is controlled to adjust the horizontal plate 3 to a state perpendicular to the drilled hole 1.

[0153] After the horizontal plate 3 is adjusted, the control driving component is started, and the driving component drives the first straight rod 7 to rotate, and the first straight rod 7 moves downward while rotating, and the first straight rod 7 drives the drill bit 6 to rotate, so that the drill bit 6 rotates and moves downward to perform a hole expansion process, thereby gradually expanding the borehole 1, which is beneficial to refer to the borehole 1. The force area of ​​one-time construction is reduced through the hole expansion process, which is beneficial to avoid the collapse of the borehole 1. Through the correction control of the correction component, the reference position is fixed when the bracket 2 is fixed, which is beneficial to avoid the collapse of the inner wall of the borehole 1 caused by applying force through the reference borehole 1 during the construction process.

[0154] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A high stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Construction preparation: Obtain the spatial location of the cracks in the vertical direction of the coal seam in the coal mine and the plan of the mining project, design the drilling position and drilling parameters, and then arrange the trajectory, drilling layer, opening point, angle, length and measurement position of the directional drilling; Step 2: Drilling site layout: Drilling site is arranged at the top of the coal seam near the stop line of the mining working face, and drilling is performed at the top of the coal seam according to the pre-designed drilling position and drilling parameters; Step 3: Hole construction: Use a four-wing flat-bottom PDC directional drill bit to drill the hole; Step 4: Hole expansion and drilling: Use drilling equipment to expand the hole, expand the hole vertically or according to the original drilling requirements, and expand the hole to the bottom; Step 5: Sealing and reinforcing protection: lower the hole protection screen through the drilling rig to protect the hole, and inject sealing materials into the hole protection screen and the annulus of the borehole wall to seal the hole protection screen; Step 6, Directional Drilling: After installing the hole protection screen, pneumatic directional drilling is carried out, using a bottom hole motor and a matching downhole measurement device for trajectory control, so that the drilling trajectory extends horizontally within the coal seam roof fracture zone as far as possible in the designed direction until the main hole reaches the designed depth, and finally gas extraction is carried out in the borehole.

2. A high-stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling equipment, suitable for a high-stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: A bracket (2) is mounted on the top of the drill hole (1) via a fixing assembly; A horizontal plate (3) is installed above the bracket (2) through a correction component, and is used to adjust the horizontal plate (3) to a horizontal state or to adjust the horizontal plate (3) to a state perpendicular to the drill hole (1); A first straight rod (7) is inserted through the center of the horizontal plate (3) and is driven by a driving assembly installed on the horizontal plate (3) to drive the first straight rod (7) to rotate and drive it vertically at the same time; The drill bit (6) is fixed on the outer wall of the first straight rod (7), and when the first straight rod (7) rotates, the drill bit (6) is driven to rotate so as to expand the original drill hole (1).

3. The high stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The correction component comprises: The spherical frame (301) is installed inside a mounting groove (302) opened at the center of the bracket (2), the spherical frame (301) is freely rotatable inside the mounting groove (302), and the horizontal plate (3) is fixed to the top of the spherical frame (301); A plurality of first cylinders (5) are arranged in a circular array and are fixed to the support (2) through first mounting frames (502) respectively. A sphere (501) is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod of all the first cylinders (5), and the sphere (501) is spherically rotatably connected to the edge of the horizontal plate (3); A horizontal correction mechanism, installed on the edge of the horizontal plate (3), for detecting whether the horizontal plate (3) is in a horizontal state; A vertical correction mechanism is installed at the bottom of the first straight rod (7) and is used to detect whether the horizontal plate (3) is in a state of vertical drilling (1).

4. The high stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The horizontal correction mechanism comprises: A plurality of spherical bins (4) are fixed to the edge of the horizontal plate (3) in a circular array, the spherical bins (4) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first cylinders (5), and the interiors of the spherical bins (4) are filled with floating liquid; A plurality of floating plates (401) are arranged one by one corresponding to the spherical bins (4), and are respectively placed inside the corresponding spherical bins (4), and are always kept in a horizontal state by the buoyancy of the floating liquid; A plurality of laser lamps (402) are arranged one by one corresponding to the floating plates (401) and are respectively fixed inside the corresponding floating plates (401); A plurality of receiving plates (403) are fixed in a circular array inside the edge of the horizontal plate (3) and are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the laser lamps (402). When the horizontal plate (3) is in a horizontal state, the photoelectricity of all the laser lamps (402) is irradiated on the center of the corresponding receiving plate (403).

5. The high stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The vertical correction mechanism comprises: A detection frame (804) is fixed to the bottom of the first straight rod (7); A plurality of inner grooves (801) are arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the detection frame (804); A plurality of first support frames (8), which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the inner grooves (801) and are respectively inserted into the corresponding inner grooves (801), and pressure sensors (803) are fixed on the side walls of all the first support frames (8); A plurality of second cylinders (802) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the inner grooves (801), and are respectively installed inside the corresponding inner grooves (801), and are used to push the first support frame (8) inside the corresponding inner groove (801) to move through a telescopic rod.

6. The high stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The drive assembly comprises: A slot (901) is formed on the surface of the first straight rod (7); A first gear (9) is rotatably mounted on the top of the horizontal plate (3), and the first gear (9) is vertically slidably connected to a slot (901) on the surface of the first straight rod (7); A first motor (904) is fixed to the top of the horizontal plate (3) via a second mounting frame (903); a second gear (902) is fixed to the output shaft of the first motor (904); and the second gear (902) is meshed with the first gear (9); A rack (10) fixed on the side wall of the first straight rod (7); The second motor (1002) is fixed to the top of the first gear (9) via a fixing plate, and the output shaft of the second motor (1002) is fixed with a third gear (1001), and the third gear (1001) is meshed with the rack (10).

7. The high stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Also includes: A second straight rod (11) is detachably fixedly mounted on the top of the first straight rod (7); The surface of the second straight rod (11) is provided with the same slot (901) as the surface of the first straight rod (7), and the surface of the second straight rod (11) is fixed with the same rack (10) as the surface of the first straight rod (7), and the rack (10) is meshed and matched with the third gear (1001).

8. The high stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling equipment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Also includes: A second support frame (1202) is fixed to the top of the horizontal plate (3); A connecting frame (1201) is vertically inserted on the top of the second supporting frame (1202); A cover plate (12) fixed on the connecting frame (1201); A storage cavity (13) fixed to one side of the cover plate (12) and in communication with the cover plate (12); A connecting cavity (1301) is fixed to the top of the horizontal plate (3), and the top is vertically plug-connected and communicated with the storage cavity (13), and a slag discharge port is provided on the side wall of the connecting cavity (1301); The spiral leaves (14) are rotatably mounted inside the first straight rod (7) and the second straight rod (11), respectively. When the first straight rod (7) and the second straight rod (11) are connected, the adjacent spiral leaves (14) are plug-connected, and the topmost spiral leaf (14) is plug-connected with the cover plate (12); A plurality of openings (15) are formed in a circular array and are arranged through the bottom of the side wall of the first straight rod (7).

9. The high stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling equipment according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Also includes: A negative pressure pump (1302) is fixed to the top of the storage chamber (13) and is connected to the storage chamber (13) via an input end; The filter screen (1303) is fixed to the top of the inner wall of the storage chamber (13), and the input end of the negative pressure pump (1302) is located inside the filter screen (1303).

10. The high stress crushed soft coal seam gas extraction drilling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drill bit (6) further comprises: A support plate (601) is arranged in an annular shape and fixed to the top edge of the drill bit (6); The drill bit teeth (602) are threadedly fixed to the bottom of the drill bit (6).

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