Hydraulic windowing and drilling integrated steering device and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic type windowing and drilling integrated steering device and an operation method thereof. The device comprises a clamping device, a drilling device, a hydraulic control system and a control system, wherein an open cavity is formed in the clamping device; a first channel used for drilling operation and a second channel used for abrasive jet windowing operation are arranged in the steering gear, a drilling hole and a windowing hole are formed in the side wall of the steering gear, and a first included angle is formed between the windowing hole and the drilling hole; the dart body hydraulic mechanism is used for driving the steering gear to rotate to switch a windowing operation state and a drilling operation state; comprising a hydraulic outer cylinder, a hydraulic inner core is sleeved with the hydraulic outer cylinder, a dart body is arranged in the hydraulic inner core, and a reversing guide column is arranged on the side wall of the dart body; the dart body can move downwards under the hydraulic effect of well drilling, and drives the hydraulic outer cylinder, the clamp holder and the steering gear to rotate under the effect of the inner reversing track. The dart body hydraulic mechanism drives the steering gear to achieve rotary reversing, windowing operation and drilling operation of a preset position are completed while one-time drilling is achieved, and the efficiency of radial well sidetrack drilling operation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas drilling equipment, and in particular to a hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The ultra-short radius side-drilling horizontal well drilling technology (also known as radial horizontal well drilling technology) refers to turning from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction in a vertical wellbore under ultra-short radius conditions (that is, the radius is less than or equal to 300mm), and drilling one or more horizontal wellbores distributed radially along the radial direction, thereby constructing a three-dimensional oil and gas migration network of "one layer and multiple branches, one well and multiple layers" in the reservoir, which can greatly improve the efficiency of oil and gas migration and increase the production of a single well. In addition, it has good application prospects for the exploitation of residual oil and gas in the undepleted area of ​​the oil field and the development of unconventional oil and gas fields. Therefore, the development of the steering device is the core difficulty of this technology. The steering devices previously studied have solved the problems of changing direction under ultra-short radius conditions and steering inside casing. However, there is still a problem of difficulty in opening casing windows due to the large friction loss of the steering track, which limits the hydraulic power transmitted to the well. There are also problems such as low efficiency, high cost and poor hole opening effect due to the need to lower the tubing string twice for window opening and drilling operations. There are also problems such as the consumption of steering gear self-advance force. The research and development of high-performance steering devices has become a key problem restricting the development of hydraulic jet radial horizontal well technology.

[0003] Therefore, the inventor, relying on many years of experience and practice in related industries, proposes a hydraulic window drilling integrated steering device and an operating method thereof to overcome the defects of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic window opening and drilling integrated steering device and an operating method thereof, so as to solve the problem of integrated construction of underground window opening and steering drilling operations. The dart body hydraulic mechanism of the present invention drives the steering gear to realize rotational reversing, so as to realize window opening and drilling operations at a predetermined position at the same time during one drilling, thereby reducing the number of trips and drills, improving the operating efficiency of side drilling radial wells, realizing controllable operations on the well, and realizing casing window opening and jet drilling more efficiently.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved by a hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device, comprising:

[0006] A holder, wherein an open cavity is provided on the holder;

[0007] A diverter is arranged in the open cavity, wherein a first channel for drilling operation and a second channel for abrasive jet window opening operation are arranged in the diverter, a drilling hole connected to the first channel and a window opening hole connected to the second channel are arranged on the side wall of the diverter, and the window opening hole and the drilling hole are arranged at a first angle;

[0008] The dart body hydraulic mechanism is used to drive the steering gear to rotate and switch between the window opening operation state and the drilling operation state; the dart body hydraulic mechanism includes a hydraulic outer cylinder that can be connected to the clamp, an inner reversing track is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the hydraulic outer cylinder, a hollow hydraulic inner core is sleeved in the hydraulic outer cylinder, a vertical track is arranged on the hydraulic inner core, a dissolvable and hollow dart body can be slidably arranged in the hydraulic inner core, a reversing guide column is arranged on the side wall of the dart body, and the reversing guide column passes through the vertical track and is sleeved in the inner reversing track; the dart body can move downward under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure, and drive the hydraulic outer cylinder, the clamp and the steering gear to rotate under the action of the inner reversing track.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic inner core includes an inner core body arranged in a cylindrical shape, a plurality of inner core wings spaced circumferentially and extending upward are arranged at the top of the inner core body, and the vertical track is formed between two adjacent inner core wings; a radially penetrating inner core pressure relief hole is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the inner core body, an axially penetrating dart body center hole is arranged on the dart body, and a radially penetrating dart body pressure relief hole is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the dart body, and the dart body moves downward to the dart body center hole under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure and connects to the inner core pressure relief hole through the dart body pressure relief hole to complete the pressure relief.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom end of the inner core body is connected to a hollow horn head, and the horn head is used to buffer the impact of the dart body hydraulic mechanism during pressure relief.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a guide block is provided on the upper portion of the clamp, and a guide cavity is provided in the guide block, which is arranged from the top downward and can be connected with the inner cavity of the hydraulic inner core, and a guide slope is arranged in the guide cavity inclined toward the first channel, and the guide slope is used to guide the oil pipe into the first channel of the steering gear; the bottom end of the guide cavity is provided with a guide connecting hole that can be connected with the second channel and a guide groove that can be connected with the first channel.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic outer cylinder and the clamp are sealed and connected via an external pressure cap, a pressure cap center hole is arranged on the external pressure cap, a first slot hole is arranged downwardly from the top end of the pressure cap center hole, a second slot hole is arranged upwardly from the bottom end of the pressure cap center hole, the bottom end of the hydraulic outer cylinder is sleeved in the first slot hole, the bottom end of the hydraulic inner core is sleeved in the pressure cap center hole between the first slot hole and the second slot hole, and the bottom end of the external pressure cap is sleeved in the clamp; a device top cavity is arranged downwardly from the top end of the clamp, and the guide block is sleeved in the device top cavity.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first top connecting hole communicating with the first channel and a second top connecting hole communicating with the second channel are provided at the bottom end of the top cavity; a first channel interface and a second channel interface are provided at the top of the diverter, the first channel interface communicating with the first top connecting hole and the first channel, and the second channel interface communicating with the second top connecting hole and the second channel.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second channel includes a second channel vertical portion, the bottom end of the second channel vertical portion is connected to a nozzle cavity radially extending to the window hole, and a window nozzle is arranged in the nozzle cavity; the first channel is arranged in a curved arc shape.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic window opening and drilling integrated steering device also includes a torsion mechanism, which includes a torsion body, and an external reversing track is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the torsion body; a reversing unit that can rotate and move along the external reversing track is arranged at the bottom end of the clamp.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a bottom cavity is arranged upwardly from the bottom end of the clamp, a rod-shaped connecting structure is extended upwardly from the top end of the torsion body, the bottom end of the rod-shaped connecting structure is buckled with a bottom plug, and the rod-shaped connecting structure and the bottom plug are sleeved in the bottom cavity; a hollow slot is arranged inwardly from the bottom end of the torsion body.

[0017] The object of the present invention can also be achieved by providing an operating method of the aforementioned hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device, comprising:

[0018] Step S1, lowering the hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device without the dart body to the working position, plugging the first channel and injecting abrasive to complete the abrasive jet window-opening operation;

[0019] Step S2, insert the dart body, and the reversing guide column passes through the vertical track of the hydraulic inner core and is sleeved in the inner reversing track of the hydraulic outer cylinder; the dart body moves downward under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure, and drives the hydraulic outer cylinder, the clamp and the steering gear to rotate under the action of the inner reversing track; the steering gear rotates at a first angle so that the drilling hole rotates to the original window hole position, completing the conversion between the window opening operation state and the drilling operation state;

[0020] Step S3: After the steering gear rotates and changes direction, the coiled tubing is lowered into the first channel to perform drilling operations.

[0021] As described above, the hydraulic window drilling integrated steering device and the operation method thereof of the present invention have the following characteristics:

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] In the hydraulic window opening and drilling integrated steering device of the present invention, a first channel for drilling operation and a second channel for window opening operation are simultaneously arranged in the steering gear, and the switching between the window opening operation state and the drilling operation state is realized by rotation; the dart body hydraulic mechanism specially designed by the present invention serves as the driving structure of the steering gear, and the device steering is realized by relying on the dart body hydraulic mechanism; the dart body inserted into the hydraulic inner core moves downward under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure, and drives the hydraulic outer cylinder, the clamp and the steering gear to rotate under the action of the inner reversing track, so that the steering gear completes the steering, and the window opening operation and the drilling operation at the predetermined position are completed at one time of drilling, thereby reducing the number of drilling and drilling times and improving the efficiency of the side drilling radial well operation; the dart body is soluble, and the dart body dissolves when it returns after the window opening operation is completed.

[0024] The present invention utilizes a high-pressure abrasive jet to continuously perform radial horizontal drilling in a window-breaking rock-breaking manner. After the window is opened by the abrasive jet, a twisting operation is performed, and a steering gear connects the drilling track with the window hole. The operation is simple and easy to control on the well. After the well steering is successful, the ground can receive the message in time and make corresponding operations. In the complex drilling operations of actual projects, the tool is used therein to effectively improve the drilling efficiency. Moreover, the present invention only needs the next pipe string to drill a radial branch underground, and the window opening and drilling can be operated in switchable modes, which simplifies the construction process, improves the operating efficiency, and reduces the economic cost and operating risk.

[0025] The present invention can design different positional relationships between window opening channels and drilling channels according to different actual application pipe diameters, which is conducive to applying the invention to different construction scenes and has wide applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] in:

[0028] Figure 1aIt is an external schematic diagram of the hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device of the present invention when the dart body is dropped into the device after the window is opened.

[0029] Figure 1b for Figure 1a Middle AA section view.

[0030] Figure 2a It is an external schematic diagram of the hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device of the present invention when it is switched to drilling operation.

[0031] Figure 2b for Figure 2a Middle BB section view.

[0032] Figure 3a It is a structural diagram of the torsion mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3b It is a cross-sectional view of the torsion mechanism of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4a It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the clamp of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4b It is a cross-sectional view of the clamp of the present invention at the first top connecting hole.

[0036] Figure 4c It is a cross-sectional view of the clamp of the present invention at the second top connecting hole.

[0037] Figure 5a It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the steering gear of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5b It is a cross-sectional view of the diverter of the present invention at the second channel.

[0039] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the hydraulic outer cylinder of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the hydraulic inner core of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8a It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the dart body of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 8b It is a cross-sectional view of a dart body of the present invention.

[0043] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the guide block of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal pressure cap of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom plug of the present invention.

[0046] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the outer pressure cap of the present invention.

[0047] Fig.13a It is a schematic diagram of the horn head of the present invention.

[0048] Fig.13b It is a cross-sectional view of the horn head of the present invention.

[0049] In the figure:

[0050] 1. Torsion mechanism; 11. External reversing track; 12. Cylindrical rod; 13. Protruding truncated cone; 14. Hollow slot hole;

[0051] 2. Clamp; 21. Open cavity; 22. Lower groove; 23. Reversing unit; 24. Top cavity; 25. First top connecting hole; 26. Second top connecting hole; 27. Bottom cavity;

[0052] 3. Steering gear; 31. Stopping protrusion; 32. First channel interface; 33. Second channel interface; 34. Window hole; 35. Drilling hole; 36. First channel; 37. Second channel; 38. Nozzle chamber;

[0053] 4. Hydraulic outer cylinder; 41. Internal reversing track; 42. Cavity at the bottom of the outer cylinder;

[0054] 5. Hydraulic inner core; 51. Inner core wing; 52. Inner core stepped cavity; 53. Inner core pressure relief hole; 54. Vertical track; 55. Trumpet head;

[0055] 6. Dart body; 61. Reversing guide post; 62. Dart body center hole; 63. Dart body pressure relief hole;

[0056] 7. guide block; 71. guide slope; 72. guide connecting hole;

[0057] 8. Internal pressure cap;

[0058] 9. Bottom plug;

[0059] 10. External pressure cap; 101. External pressure cap external thread; 102. External pressure cap internal thread. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are only used to explain the purpose of the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention in any way. Under the guidance of the present invention, technicians can conceive of any possible variations based on the present invention, which should be considered to belong to the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "arranged on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal communication of two elements, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0062] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0063] like Figures 1a to 13b As shown, the present invention provides a hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device, comprising:

[0064] The clamp 2 is shaped like a cylinder, and an open cavity 21 is provided on the clamp 2 (the open cavity 21 is roughly in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the open cavity 21 penetrates the clamp 2 in the radial direction); the clamp 2 is shaped like a cylinder, and a window is opened on the side to form the open cavity 21.

[0065] The diverter 3 is shaped like a half cylinder and is inserted into the open cavity 21. It can form a cylindrical structure when combined with the clamp 2. The diverter 3 is provided with a first channel 36 for drilling operations (a high-pressure hose passes through the first channel for drilling operations, which can be called a drilling channel) and a second channel 37 for abrasive jet windowing operations (which can be called a windowing channel). The side wall of the diverter 3 is provided with a drilling hole 35 connected to the first channel 36 and a windowing hole 34 connected to the second channel 37. The windowing hole 34 and the drilling hole 35 are arranged at a first angle. The windowing hole 34 and the drilling hole 35 can be located on the same horizontal plane. The specific position can be set according to the actual working conditions. There is a certain phase angle (first angle) between the windowing hole 34 and the drilling hole 35, which is consistent with the steering angle. In this embodiment, the first angle is 90°.

[0066] The dart body hydraulic mechanism is used to drive the steering gear 3 to rotate and switch between the window opening operation state and the drilling operation state; the dart body hydraulic mechanism includes a hydraulic outer cylinder 4 (hollow round tube) that can be connected to the clamp 2, such as Figure 6 As shown, an inner reversing track 41 is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the hydraulic outer cylinder 4. Specifically, the hydraulic outer cylinder 4 is composed of a hollow tube, which contains a stepped cavity and a cavity 42 at the bottom of the outer cylinder, and the inner reversing track 41 is arranged in the stepped cavity.

[0067] A hollow hydraulic inner core 5 is sleeved in the hydraulic outer cylinder 4, and a vertical track 54 is provided on the hydraulic inner core 5. A dissolvable and hollow dart body 6 can be slidably arranged in the hydraulic inner core 5, and a reversing guide column 61 is provided on the side wall of the dart body 6. The reversing guide column can be radially retracted. Before the dart body 6 enters the inner reversing track 41, the reversing guide column 61 can be retracted into the dart body 6 when the oil pipe is put into the oil pipe. When the dart body 6 enters the inner reversing track 41, the reversing guide column 61 extends. As the dart body 6 descends and the pressure in the device causes the hydraulic outer cylinder 4 of the dart body hydraulic mechanism to rotate, completing the conversion from the window opening operation to the drilling operation state; the reversing guide column 61 passes through the vertical track 54 and is sleeved in the inner reversing track 41; the reversing guide column 61 of the dart body 6 moves in the inner reversing track 41 to realize the twisting of the device, that is, the dart body 6 can move downward under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure, and drive the hydraulic outer cylinder 4, the clamp 2 and the steering gear 3 to rotate under the action of the inner reversing track 41.

[0068] During the window opening operation or drilling operation, the hydraulic outer cylinder 4 is fixed, and after the dart body 6 is dropped, the hydraulic pressure cooperates to cause the steering device 3 to turn, so that the first channel 36 is connected to the window opening hole 34 .

[0069] The hydraulic outer cylinder 4 and the hydraulic inner core 5 of the present invention cooperate with each other through the dart body 6. After the dart body 6 is put into operation, it moves downward under the action of the hydraulic pressure to achieve structural twisting, which is beneficial to the control of the hydraulic window drilling integrated steering device on the ground. At the same time, since the dart body 6 is soluble, it can be used once, that is, it can be turned once it is put into operation, and the operation is simple and easy to implement.

[0070] Abrasive water jet is a liquid-solid two-phase medium jet formed by a mixture of abrasive and high-pressure, high-velocity water. It is widely used in underground rock breaking, industrial cutting, etc. Because abrasive jet has a strong ability to cut and break windows under high pressure, when abrasive jet is used for window opening in horizontal well construction technology, it can open a larger area of ​​complete cut surface compared to traditional radial window opening tools in casing, thereby improving operation efficiency. The window opening operation of the present invention mainly uses abrasive jet for window opening.

[0071] In the hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device of the present invention, the window-opening mode mainly utilizes abrasive jets for window opening. Combined with the characteristics of the steering device, it can effectively ensure that the window opening of the rotating abrasive jet casing is concentric with the window opening channel.

[0072] In the hydraulic window opening and drilling integrated steering device of the present invention, a first channel 36 for drilling operation and a second channel 37 for window opening operation are provided in the steering gear 3, and the switching between the window opening operation state and the drilling operation state is realized by rotation; the dart body hydraulic mechanism specially designed by the present invention serves as the driving structure of the steering gear 3, and the dart body 6 put into the hydraulic inner core 5 moves downward under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure, and drives the hydraulic outer cylinder 4, the clamp 2 and the steering gear 3 to rotate under the action of the inner reversing track 41, and the steering gear 3 completes the steering through the inner reversing track 41, so that the window opening operation and the drilling operation at the predetermined position can be completed at one time of drilling, thereby reducing the number of drilling and drilling times and improving the efficiency of the side drilling radial well operation.

[0073] The present invention utilizes a high-pressure abrasive jet to continuously perform radial horizontal drilling in a window-breaking rock-breaking manner. After the window is opened by the abrasive jet, a twisting operation is performed, and a steering gear connects the drilling track with the window hole. The operation is simple and easy to control on the well. After the well steering is successful, the ground can receive the message in time and make corresponding operations. In the complex drilling operations of actual projects, the tool is used therein to effectively improve the drilling efficiency. Moreover, the present invention only needs the next pipe string to drill a radial branch underground, and the window opening and drilling can be operated in switchable modes, which simplifies the construction process, improves the operating efficiency, and reduces the economic cost and operating risk.

[0074] The present invention can design different positional relationships between window opening channels and drilling channels according to different actual application pipe diameters, which is conducive to applying the invention to different construction scenes and has wide applicability.

[0075] Further, if Figure 1b , Figure 2b , Figure 7 , Figure 8a , Figure 8b As shown, the hydraulic inner core 5 includes an inner core body arranged in a cylindrical shape, in which an inner core stepped cavity 52 is arranged; a plurality of inner core wings 51 spaced circumferentially and extending upward are arranged at the top of the inner core body, and a vertical track 54 is formed between two adjacent inner core wings 51; a radially through inner core pressure relief hole 53 is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the inner core body, an axially through dart body center hole 62 is arranged on the dart body 6, and a radially through dart body pressure relief hole 63 is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the dart body 6. Under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure, the dart body 6 moves downward to the dart body center hole 62 and connects to the inner core pressure relief hole 53 through the dart body pressure relief hole 63 to complete the pressure relief.

[0076] In this embodiment, if Figure 1b , Figure 2b , Fig.10As shown, the hydraulic inner core 5 is connected to the hydraulic outer cylinder 4 through the inner pressure cap 8. Specifically, an inner core outer boss is arranged on the outer wall of the hydraulic inner core 5, and an inner flange is arranged at the end of the inner pressure cap 8. When connected, the inner pressure cap 8 is sleeved on the outer side of the hydraulic inner core 5, and the inner flange abuts against the end surface of the inner core outer boss.

[0077] In this embodiment, if Figure 7 As shown, four feather-shaped inner core wings 51 are arranged at the top of the inner core body, and the number of the inner core pressure relief holes 53 is four. At the end of the steering of the steering device 3, the dart body pressure relief hole 63 is connected to the inner core pressure relief hole 53 to complete the pressure relief.

[0078] like Figure 8a , Figure 8b As shown, the dart body 6 is shaped like a hollow cylinder, with four evenly distributed retractable reversing guide posts 61 disposed on the upper part and four evenly distributed dart body pressure relief holes 63 disposed on the bottom. The dart body 6 is a disposable device that can be dissolved and discharged together with the backflow liquid.

[0079] The hydraulic outer cylinder 4 and the hydraulic inner core 5 provide a moving track for the dart body 6, and the dart body 6 moves in the inner reversing track 41 and the vertical track 54 by means of the retractable reversing guide post 61, so that the hydraulic inner core 5 moves with the dart body 6 and can drive the hydraulic outer cylinder 4 to rotate.

[0080] like Figure 2b As shown, after the dart body 6 is put into operation, the reversing guide column 61 of the dart body 6 moves in the inner reversing track 41 of the hydraulic outer cylinder 4, and at the same time, the reversing unit 23 at the bottom of the clamp 2 moves in the outer reversing track 11 of the torsion mechanism 1. Affected by the dart body hydraulic mechanism at the top of the device, the reversing unit 23 moves to the highest point of the outer reversing track 11; the dart body 6 and the bottom of the hydraulic inner core 5 are provided with uniformly distributed through holes (dart body pressure relief holes 63, inner core pressure relief holes 53). When the dart body 6 moves downward under the action of the hydraulic pressure until the dart body pressure relief holes 63 are connected to the inner core pressure relief holes 53, the device releases pressure, and the reversing unit 23 at the bottom of the clamp 2 moves from the highest point of the outer reversing track 11 to the lowest point of the adjacent outer reversing track 11, thereby realizing the switching of the hydraulic window opening and drilling integrated steering device from the window opening operation state to the drilling operation state.

[0081] Further, if Figure 1b , Figure 2b , Fig.13a , Fig.13b As shown, the bottom end of the inner core body is connected to a hollow trumpet head 55, which is used to buffer the impact of the hydraulic mechanism of the dart body during pressure relief. The trumpet head 55 is shaped like a trumpet, and a stepped truncated cone is arranged on the top thereof, which is connected to the bottom end of the inner core body.

[0082] Further, if Figure 1b , Figure 2b , Fig. 9As shown, a guide block 7 is provided at the upper part of the clamp 2, and a guide cavity is provided in the guide block 7, which is arranged from the top downward and can be communicated with the inner cavity of the hydraulic inner core 5. A guide slope 71 is arranged in the guide cavity and is inclined toward the first channel 36. The guide slope 71 is used to guide the oil pipe into the first channel 36 of the steering gear 3; the bottom end of the guide cavity is provided with a guide communication hole 72 that can be communicated with the second channel 37 and a guide groove that can be communicated with the first channel 36.

[0083] The guide block 7 is square, and its narrow sides are arc-shaped. The guide block 7 is located in the top cavity 24 of the holder 2. The guide communication hole 72 is provided on the guide inclined surface 71.

[0084] Further, if Figure 1a , Figure 1b , Figure 2a , Figure 2b , Fig.12 As shown, the hydraulic outer cylinder 4 and the clamp 2 are sealed and connected via an external pressure cap 10, and the external pressure cap 10 serves as a pressure-bearing part connecting the two structures; a pressure cap center hole is arranged on the external pressure cap 10, a first slot hole is arranged downwardly at the top end of the pressure cap center hole, and a second slot hole is arranged upwardly at the bottom end of the pressure cap center hole, the bottom end of the hydraulic outer cylinder 4 is sleeved in the first slot hole, the bottom end of the hydraulic inner core 5 is sleeved in the pressure cap center hole between the first slot hole and the second slot hole, and the bottom end of the external pressure cap 10 is sleeved in the clamp 2; a device top cavity 24 (step-shaped cavity) is arranged downwardly at the top end of the clamp 2, and the guide block 7 is sleeved in the device top cavity 24.

[0085] like Fig.13a , Fig.13b As shown, an external pressure cap internal thread 102 is provided on the side wall of the first slot hole of the external pressure cap 10 , and an external pressure cap external thread 101 is provided on the outer wall of the external pressure cap 10 from the bottom end upward.

[0086] Further, if Figure 1b , Figure 2b , Figure 4a , Figure 4b , Figure 4c As shown, a first top connecting hole 25 communicating with the first channel 36 and a second top connecting hole 26 communicating with the second channel 37 are provided at the bottom end of the top cavity 24; a first channel interface 32 and a second channel interface 33 are provided at the top of the diverter 3, the first channel interface 32 communicating with the first top connecting hole 25 and the first channel 36, and the second channel interface 33 communicating with the second top connecting hole 26 and the second channel 37.

[0087] Further, if Figure 1b , Figure 2b , Figure 5a , Figure 5bAs shown, the second channel 37 includes a second channel vertical portion, the bottom end of which is connected to a nozzle cavity 38 radially extending to the window hole, and a window nozzle is arranged in the nozzle cavity 38; the first channel 36 is arranged in a curved arc shape.

[0088] Further, if Figure 1b , Figure 2b , Figure 4a , Figure 5a As shown, a locking groove is provided at the bottom end of the open cavity 21, and a locking protrusion 31 is provided at the bottom end of the steering gear 3. The locking protrusion 31 can be locked and positioned in the locking groove.

[0089] Further, if Figure 1a , Figure 1b , Figure 2a , Figure 2b , Figure 3a , Figure 3b As shown, the hydraulic window opening and drilling integrated steering device also includes a torsion mechanism 1, which includes a torsion body, and an outer reversing track 11 is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the torsion body; a reversing unit 23 that can rotate and move along the outer reversing track 11 is arranged at the bottom end of the clamp 2. With the help of the torsion mechanism 1, it can be effectively ensured that the operation center of the abrasive jet for the casing window opening operation and the drilling operation is the same, and the positioning process is optimized. The reversing unit 23 adopts a thickness suitable for the outer reversing track 11 of the torsion mechanism 1 to ensure that the reversing unit 23 moves in the outer reversing track 11 of the torsion mechanism 1.

[0090] Specifically, Figure 4a , Figure 4b , Figure 4c As shown, a lower groove 22 is provided at the lower part of the side wall of the clamp 2, and a plurality of vertical reversing keys arranged in an oblong shape are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction on the side wall of the lower groove 22, and the reversing keys constitute the aforementioned reversing unit 23. Each reversing key has a turning angle of 90° after rotating along an outer reversing track 11, and there are 4 reversing keys, which can turn 360° along multiple outer reversing tracks 11.

[0091] Further, if Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 4b , Figure 4c , Fig.11 As shown, a bottom cavity 27 is arranged upward from the bottom end of the clamp 2, a rod-shaped connecting structure is extended upward from the top end of the torsion body, the bottom end of the rod-shaped connecting structure (the lower flange of the protruding structure) is buckled with the bottom plug 9 (hollow ring), and the rod-shaped connecting structure and the bottom plug 9 are sleeved in the bottom cavity 27; a hollow slot hole 14 (a process hole, which can be set or cancelled for convenient processing and installation) is arranged inward from the bottom end of the torsion body, and the hollow slot hole 14 is located at the center of the bottom surface.

[0092] Specifically, Figure 3a , Figure 3b As shown, the rod-shaped connecting structure includes a cylindrical rod 12 arranged upward from the top of the torsion body, and a protruding cone 13 is arranged at the top of the cylindrical rod 12. The protruding cone 13 is an enlarged structure and the planed surface is stepped; the bottom plug 9 is sleeved on the cylindrical rod 12, and the bottom plug 9 is used for axial limiting.

[0093] The size of the bottom plug 9 can be determined according to other existing public technologies that can be associated with those skilled in the art, and a suitable bearing type and size can be selected to cooperate with the torsion mechanism 1 to work normally.

[0094] The rod-shaped connecting structure of the torsion mechanism 1 is buckled with the bottom plug 9, and the two are placed in the bottom cavity 27 of the bottom of the clamp 2, and the reversing unit 23 at the bottom of the clamp 2 just falls on the outer reversing track 11 of the torsion mechanism 1. Specifically, the dart body 6 is operated on the ground to drive the hydraulic outer cylinder 4 to rotate, and the torque is transmitted to the lower clamp 2, and the reversing unit 23 at the bottom of the clamp 2 moves in the outer reversing track 11, so that the steering device 3 in the clamp 2 completes the steering of the corresponding angle.

[0095] Furthermore, the arc side of the diverter 3 is forward, and the diverter 3 can be placed in or passed through the open cavity 21 along the radial direction of the clamp 2. When the diverter 3 and the clamp 2 are installed, the diverter 3 and the clamp 2 cooperate to form a complete columnar body. In this embodiment, the clamp 2 and the diverter 3 can be fixed together by welding. Of course, in other embodiments, the clamp 2 and the diverter 3 can also be assembled by rivets, magnetic connection or mechanical connection, etc., which is not limited here.

[0096] The present invention also provides an operating method of a hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device, comprising:

[0097] Step S1, lowering the integrated steering device of the hydraulic window opening and drilling of the present invention without the dart body 6 to the working position, blocking the first channel and injecting abrasive to complete the abrasive jet window opening operation.

[0098] Specifically, the hydraulic window drilling integrated steering device is first assembled, the steering gear 3 is inserted into the open cavity 21 of the clamp 2, and the top of the clamp 2 is connected to the hydraulic outer cylinder 4 of the dart body hydraulic mechanism, and the three become an integral steering gear structure.

[0099] The present invention (the dart body 6 is not put in temporarily) is lowered to the corresponding position of the operating formation through the oil pipe, the window hole 34 is aligned with the position where the casing needs to be windowed, and the guide groove of the guide block 7 is blocked by a ball. The first channel 36 is blocked; the window opening operation is carried out on the ground, and an abrasive working fluid is injected from the oil pipe from the ground. The abrasive working fluid passes through the hydraulic outer cylinder 4, the hydraulic inner core 5, the guide cavity, the guide connecting hole 72, the second device top connecting hole 26, the second channel interface 33, the second channel 37, and the jet nozzle (integrated abrasive jet nozzle) in the nozzle cavity 38 and is ejected from the window hole 34 in the form of an abrasive jet, completing the abrasive jet window opening operation at the target position of the casing.

[0100] Step S2, the dart body 6 is inserted, and the reversing guide column 61 passes through the vertical track 54 of the hydraulic inner core 5 and is sleeved in the inner reversing track 41 of the hydraulic outer cylinder 4; the dart body 6 moves downward under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure, and drives the hydraulic outer cylinder 4, the clamp 2 and the diverter 3 to rotate under the action of the inner reversing track 41; the diverter 3 rotates a first angle so that the drilling hole 35 rotates to the original window hole 34 position, completing the conversion between the window opening operation state and the drilling operation state.

[0101] Specifically, after the window opening operation is completed, the ground pumping is stopped, and the backflow causes the ball blocking the first channel 36 to leave, and the first channel 36 is in a through state; Figure 1b As shown, the dart body 6 is dropped from the ground, and the reversing guide column 61 of the dart body 6 is radially contracted and retracted into the dart body 6. When the dart body 6 moves downward and contacts the vertical track 54 of the hydraulic inner core 5, the reversing guide column 61 extends out, passes through the vertical track 54 and is sleeved in the inner reversing track 41; the dart body 6 can move downward under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure, and drive the hydraulic outer cylinder 4, the clamp 2 and the steering gear 3 to rotate under the action of the inner reversing track 41.

[0102] The reversing unit 23 at the bottom of the clamp 2 rotates with the clamp 2. Since the overall structure of the steering gear (clamp 2, steering gear 3, hydraulic outer cylinder 4) rotates together, the reversing unit 23 climbs along the outer reversing track 11 of the torsion mechanism 1 (the rotation angle of each outer reversing track 11 is consistent with the first angle). After the reversing unit 23 moves to the top of the outer reversing track 11, the dart body 6 moves to the bottom of the hydraulic inner core 5. At the same time, the reversing unit 23 at the bottom of the clamp 2 moves to the bottom of the adjacent outer reversing track 11. At this time, the dart body pressure relief hole 63 at the bottom of the dart body 6 is connected with the inner core pressure relief hole at the bottom of the hydraulic inner core 5. Figure 2b As shown; the pressure in the device is relieved and the dart body 6 is dissolved. After the above rotation, the diverter 3 rotates the first angle (90°) so that the drilling hole 35 rotates to the original window hole 34 position, corresponding to the window opening in the well, completing the conversion between the window opening operation state and the drilling operation state.

[0103] Step S3: After the steering gear 3 rotates and changes direction, the coiled tubing is lowered through the first channel 36 to perform drilling operations.

[0104] After the rotation is reversed, the first channel 36 used for drilling operations is aligned with the casing window position, and the continuous oil pipe is lowered into the ground through the first channel 36 to perform drilling operations.

[0105] As described above, the hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0106] In the hydraulic window opening and drilling integrated steering device of the present invention, a first channel for drilling operation and a second channel for window opening operation are simultaneously arranged in the steering gear, and the switching between the window opening operation state and the drilling operation state is realized by rotation; the dart body hydraulic mechanism specially designed by the present invention serves as the driving structure of the steering gear, and the dart body put into the hydraulic inner core moves downward under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure, and drives the hydraulic outer cylinder, the clamp and the steering gear to rotate under the action of the inner reversing track, so that the steering gear completes the steering, and the window opening operation and the drilling operation at the predetermined position are completed at one time of drilling, thereby reducing the number of drilling and drilling times and improving the efficiency of side drilling radial well operations.

[0107] The present invention utilizes a high-pressure abrasive jet to continuously perform radial horizontal drilling in a window-breaking rock-breaking manner. After the window is opened by the abrasive jet, a twisting operation is performed, and a steering gear connects the drilling track with the window hole. The operation is simple and easy to control on the well. After the well steering is successful, the ground can receive the message in time and make corresponding operations. In the complex drilling operations of actual projects, the tool is used therein to effectively improve the drilling efficiency. Moreover, the present invention only needs the next pipe string to drill a radial branch underground, and the window opening and drilling can be operated in switchable modes, which simplifies the construction process, improves the operating efficiency, and reduces the economic cost and operating risk.

[0108] The present invention can design different positional relationships between window opening channels and drilling channels according to different actual application pipe diameters, which is conducive to applying the invention to different construction scenes and has wide applicability.

[0109] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic window drilling integrated steering device, characterized in that: include: A holder, wherein an open cavity is provided on the holder; A diverter is arranged in the open cavity, wherein a first channel for drilling operation and a second channel for abrasive jet window opening operation are arranged in the diverter, a drilling hole connected to the first channel and a window opening hole connected to the second channel are arranged on the side wall of the diverter, and the window opening hole and the drilling hole are arranged at a first angle; The dart body hydraulic mechanism is used to drive the steering gear to rotate and switch between the window opening operation state and the drilling operation state; the dart body hydraulic mechanism includes a hydraulic outer cylinder that can be connected to the clamp, an inner reversing track is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the hydraulic outer cylinder, a hollow hydraulic inner core is sleeved in the hydraulic outer cylinder, a vertical track is arranged on the hydraulic inner core, a dissolvable and hollow dart body can be slidably arranged in the hydraulic inner core, a reversing guide column is arranged on the side wall of the dart body, and the reversing guide column passes through the vertical track and is sleeved in the inner reversing track; the dart body can move downward under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure, and drive the hydraulic outer cylinder, the clamp and the steering gear to rotate under the action of the inner reversing track.

2. The hydraulic window drilling integrated steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic inner core comprises an inner core body arranged in a cylindrical shape, a plurality of inner core wings spaced circumferentially and extending upward are arranged at the top end of the inner core body, and the vertical track is formed between two adjacent inner core wings; a radially penetrating inner core pressure relief hole is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the inner core body, an axially penetrating dart body center hole is arranged on the dart body, and a radially penetrating dart body pressure relief hole is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the dart body; under the action of drilling hydraulic pressure, the dart body moves downward to the dart body center hole and connects to the inner core pressure relief hole through the dart body pressure relief hole to complete pressure relief.

3. The hydraulic window drilling integrated steering device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the inner core body is connected to a hollow horn head, and the horn head is used to buffer the impact of the dart body hydraulic mechanism during pressure relief.

4. The hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A guide block is provided at the upper part of the clamp, and a guide cavity is provided in the guide block, which is arranged from the top downward and can be connected with the inner cavity of the hydraulic inner core. A guide slope is arranged in the guide cavity inclined toward the first channel, and the guide slope is used to guide the oil pipe into the first channel of the steering gear; a guide communication hole that can be connected with the second channel and a guide groove that can be connected with the first channel are provided at the bottom end of the guide cavity.

5. The hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic outer cylinder and the clamp are sealed and connected via an external pressure cap, a pressure cap center hole is arranged on the external pressure cap, a first slot hole is arranged downwardly at the top end of the pressure cap center hole, a second slot hole is arranged upwardly at the bottom end of the pressure cap center hole, the bottom end of the hydraulic outer cylinder is sleeved in the first slot hole, the bottom end of the hydraulic inner core is sleeved in the pressure cap center hole between the first slot hole and the second slot hole, the bottom end of the external pressure cap is sleeved in the clamp; a device top cavity is arranged downwardly at the top end of the clamp, and the guide block is sleeved in the device top cavity.

6. The hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first top connecting hole communicating with the first channel and a second top connecting hole communicating with the second channel are provided at the bottom end of the top cavity; a first channel interface and a second channel interface are provided at the top of the diverter, the first channel interface communicating with the first top connecting hole and the first channel, and the second channel interface communicating with the second top connecting hole and the second channel.

7. The hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second channel comprises a second channel vertical portion, the bottom end of which is connected to a nozzle cavity radially penetrating to the window hole, and a window nozzle is arranged in the nozzle cavity; the first channel is arranged in a curved arc shape.

8. The hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic window drilling integrated steering device also includes a torsion mechanism, which includes a torsion body, and an outer reversing track is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the torsion body; a reversing unit that can rotate and move along the outer reversing track is arranged at the bottom end of the clamp.

9. The hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A bottom cavity is arranged upwardly from the bottom end of the clamp, a rod-shaped connecting structure is extended upwardly from the top end of the torsion body, the bottom end of the rod-shaped connecting structure is buckled with a bottom plug, and the rod-shaped connecting structure and the bottom plug are sleeved in the bottom cavity; a hollow slot is arranged inwardly from the bottom end of the torsion body.

10. An operating method of the hydraulic window drilling integrated steering device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Step S1, lowering the hydraulic window-opening and drilling integrated steering device without the dart body to the working position, plugging the first channel and injecting abrasive to complete the abrasive jet window-opening operation; Step S2, insert the dart body, and the reversing guide column passes through the vertical track of the hydraulic inner core and is sleeved in the inner reversing track of the hydraulic outer cylinder; the dart body moves downward under the action of the drilling hydraulic pressure, and drives the hydraulic outer cylinder, the clamp and the steering gear to rotate under the action of the inner reversing track; the steering gear rotates at a first angle so that the drilling hole rotates to the original window hole position, completing the conversion between the window opening operation state and the drilling operation state; Step S3: After the steering gear rotates and changes direction, the coiled tubing is lowered into the first channel to perform drilling operations.

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