Deep-sea exploring and mining material collecting and excavating device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean drilling equipment, in particular to a deep-sea explored ore collecting and excavating device which comprises a drilling unit, and the drilling unit comprises a drill bit for drilling the seabed in the vertical direction and a sampling head arranged on the side wall of the drill bit in a sliding mode in the radial direction of the drill bit. The sleeve is arranged on the upper portion of the drill bit in the drilling direction of the drill bit, the drill bit has a drilling mode and a sampling mode, when the drill bit is in the drilling mode, the sampling head completely retracts into the drill bit, the drill bit is located on the lower portion of the sleeve and blocks the lower portion of the sleeve, and at the moment, the drill bit moves vertically downwards; the drill bit slides out of the bottom of the sleeve, the bottom of the sleeve is in an open state, the drill bit stops descending after extending out of the sleeve by a specified length, the sampling head extends out of the side wall of the drill bit in the radial direction of the drill bit, and the drill bit drives the sampling head to ascend in the drilling direction. The sampling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine drilling equipment, and in particular to a deep-sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device. Background Art

[0002] The seabed terrain is complex, with not only fine sand, soft mud and hard rock formations, but also due to the flow of seawater, the machine may encounter complex extreme marine environments such as internal waves, ocean waves, and ocean currents when working. At the same time, the internal structure of the existing seabed mineral sampling device is easily corroded by seawater, resulting in a short service life, great damage to the seabed environment, the sampled mineral particles are large and inconvenient to transport, and the seabed sampling depth is shallow, etc. Technical bottlenecks.

[0003] Chinese patent application CN115467661A discloses a subsea mineral sampling drilling device under extreme environment, including a power mechanism, a gear transmission mechanism, a drill barrel and an ore conveying mechanism, wherein the gear transmission mechanism includes a gear box, a driving gear and a driven gear, wherein the driving and driven gears are arranged in the gear box and mesh with each other, wherein the power mechanism is located on one side above the gear box, wherein the output end thereof is connected to the driving gear key, wherein the power mechanism drives the driven gear to rotate through the driving gear, wherein the drill barrel is vertically arranged below the other side of the gear box, wherein the upper end thereof passes through the driven gear and extends to the outside of the gear box, wherein the upper part of the drill barrel is fixedly connected to the driven gear, wherein the driven gear drives the drill barrel to rotate around its central axis, wherein the lower end of the drill barrel is regularly arranged with a plurality of cutting teeth for crushing the ore, wherein the ore conveying mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the lower part of the drill barrel, wherein the cutter support and two shredding cutters are provided, wherein the cutter support has a conveying channel which passes through from top to bottom, wherein the two shredding cutters are arranged relatively parallel to the upper port of the conveying channel, and wherein the two shredding cutters rotate synchronously to continuously convey the crushed ore at the lower part of the drill barrel upward.

[0004] The above scheme improves the sealing performance of the gear transmission mechanism, but the gear transmission mechanism is a cavity structure. Under the action of water pressure in the deep sea, the cavity is easily crushed by the water pressure. In addition, when sampling, the existing sampling drilling equipment needs to first drill to a specified depth through a drill bit, then take out the drill bit, and replace the sampling drill bit again. During the lifting and sampling process, there is a period of time used to lift the drill bit and lower the sampling drill bit, which results in low sampling efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, a deep-sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device is provided. By setting a drilling unit to drill and sample seabed mineral deposits, the sampling efficiency is improved. When the drill bit reaches the specified sampling depth, the sleeve stops descending, and the drill bit extends from the bottom of the sleeve along the drilling direction. At this time, the sleeve and the drill bit are in a synchronous rotation state. When the drill bit extends from the sleeve to a specified length, it stops extending. The specified length needs to be determined according to the actual drilling situation and the amount of samples to be drilled. The more samples are drilled, the longer the length of the drill bit relative to the sleeve is extended. When the drill bit is extended to the specified length, a setting is made on the drill bit. The sampling head on the side wall gradually extends out, and the drill bit is in a state of continuous rotation. When the sampling head is fully extended, the drill bit drives the sampling head up along the extension direction of the borehole, and the sample on the side wall of the borehole falls into the upper part of the drill bit under the squeezing action of the sampling head. When the drill bit is fully retracted to the bottom of the sleeve, the sampling is completed, and the sample located on the upper part of the drill bit is sealed in the sleeve, so that the sample will not accidentally fall during the lifting process. In addition, the sampling method of the present invention can realize drilling and sampling in succession, and there is no need to take out the drill bit and replace the sampling head to sample the sample at a specified depth, thereby improving the sampling efficiency.

[0006] To solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a deep-sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device, including a drilling unit, the drilling unit including a drill bit for drilling the seabed in a vertical direction and a sampling head slidably arranged on the side wall of the drill bit along the radial direction of the drill bit, a sleeve is arranged at the upper part of the drill bit along the drilling direction of the drill bit, the drill bit has a drilling mode and a sampling mode, when the drill bit is in the drilling mode, the sampling head is completely retracted into the drill bit, the drill bit is located at the lower part of the sleeve and blocks the lower part of the sleeve, and at this time the movement direction of the drill bit is vertically downward, when the drill bit is in the sampling mode, the drill bit slides out from the bottom of the sleeve, the bottom of the sleeve is in an open state, the drill bit extends out of the sleeve for a specified length and then stops descending, the sampling head extends out from the side wall of the drill bit along the radial direction of the drill bit, and the drill bit drives the sampling head to rise along the drilling direction.

[0007] Preferably, when the drill bit is in drilling mode, the drill bit descends synchronously with the sleeve. When the drill bit reaches a specified sampling depth, the drill bit switches to sampling mode, the sleeve stops descending, the drill bit extends from the bottom of the sleeve along the drilling direction and stops moving after reaching a specified length.

[0008] Preferably, the drill bit is always in a rotating state in the drilling mode and the sampling mode.

[0009] Preferably, a water injection pipe is fixedly provided on the upper part of the drill bit along the extension direction of the drill bit, a water injection chamber is opened in the drill bit, the water injection pipe and the water injection chamber are communicated with each other, a sliding groove is opened on the side wall of the water injection chamber along the radial direction of the drill bit, and the sampling head is slidably arranged in the sampling groove along the extension direction of the sliding groove. After the water injection pipe fills the water injection chamber with water, the sampling head extends from the side wall of the drill bit, and after the water injection pipe draws water out of the water injection chamber, the sampling head retracts into the drill bit.

[0010] Preferably, a first drain outlet is opened at the bottom of the water injection chamber along the axis of the drill bit, and a plurality of second drain outlets are arranged around the first drain outlet. The second drain outlets are evenly arranged around the first drain outlet, and the first drain outlet and the second drain outlet are both interconnected with the water injection chamber. When the drill bit is in drilling mode, the first drain outlet and the second drain outlet drain water simultaneously.

[0011] Preferably, a lifting ring is provided in the water injection cavity for movement along the axial direction of the drill bit, a first switch valve is provided on the inner ring of the lifting ring, the water injection cavity is a circular structure and the inner diameter of the water injection cavity is the same as the outer diameter of the lifting ring.

[0012] Preferably, electromagnets are respectively provided at the upper and lower parts of the water injection chamber. When the drill bit is in the drilling mode, the electromagnet located at the upper part of the water injection chamber is energized, and the electromagnet located at the lower part of the water injection chamber is de-energized, the lifting ring blocks the sliding groove, and the first switch valve is in an open state. When the drill bit is in the sampling mode, the electromagnet located at the upper part of the water injection chamber is de-energized, and the electromagnet located at the lower part of the water injection chamber is energized, the first switch valve is in a closed state, the lifting ring blocks the second drain outlet, and the first switch valve blocks the first drain outlet.

[0013] Preferably, the first drain outlet is provided with rotating blades, and when water flows out from the first drain outlet, the rotating blades provided on the first drain outlet rotate.

[0014] Preferably, a pushing unit capable of pushing the drill bit out of the sleeve is provided in the sleeve, and when the drill bit is in the drilling mode, the pushing unit is in a retracted state, and when the drill bit is in the sampling mode, the pushing unit is in an extended state.

[0015] Preferably, an extension tube is fixed to the upper part of the sleeve, and a rotating unit is arranged on the outer periphery of the extension tube. The rotating unit includes a rotating shell, and an opening is provided on the upper part of the rotating shell. A balancing plate that moves along the drilling direction of the drill bit is arranged in the rotating shell. The balancing plate forms a sealed cavity in the rotating shell, and the sealed cavity is filled with lubricating oil.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention improves the sampling efficiency by setting a drilling unit to drill and sample seabed mineral deposits. When the drill bit reaches the specified sampling depth, the sleeve stops descending and the drill bit extends from the bottom of the sleeve along the drilling direction. At this time, the sleeve and the drill bit are in a synchronous rotation state. When the drill bit extends from the sleeve to a specified length, it stops extending. The specified length needs to be determined according to the actual drilling situation and the amount of samples to be drilled. The more samples are drilled, the longer the length of the drill bit relative to the sleeve is extended. When the drill bit is extended to the specified length, the sampling head arranged on the side wall of the drill bit gradually extends. The drill bit is extended, at this time, the drill bit is in a state of continuous rotation. When the sampling head is fully extended, the drill bit drives the sampling head to rise along the extension direction of the borehole, and the sample on the side wall of the borehole falls into the upper part of the drill bit under the squeezing action of the sampling head. When the drill bit is fully retracted to the bottom of the sleeve, the sampling is completed, and the sample located on the upper part of the drill bit is sealed in the sleeve, so that the sample will not accidentally fall during the lifting process. In addition, the sampling method of the present invention can realize drilling and sampling in succession, and there is no need to take out the drill bit and replace the sampling head to sample the sample at the specified depth, thereby improving the sampling efficiency.

[0017] 2. The present invention reduces the pressure resistance burden of the rotating shell in the deep sea by arranging a balance plate on the rotating shell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a deep-sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a side view of a deep sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a deep-sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device. Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view at AA in the middle.

[0021] Figure 4 A cutaway perspective view of a deep-sea prospecting and mining device with the drill bit in drilling mode Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 5 It is a deep-sea prospecting mining and excavation device. Figure 4 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a deep-sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device. Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0024] Figure 7 A cutaway perspective view of a deep-sea prospecting and mining device with the drill bit in drilling mode Figure 2 .

[0025] Figure 8 It is a deep-sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device. Figure 7 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a deep-sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device with the rotating shell removed.

[0027] Fig.10 It is a deep-sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device. Fig. 9 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point E in the middle.

[0028] Fig.11 The present invention is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a drilling unit of a deep-sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device.

[0029] The numbers in the figure are: 1. Drilling unit; 11. Drill bit; 111. Water injection pipe; 1111. Second switch valve; 112. Water injection chamber; 113. Sliding groove; 114. First drain outlet; 115. Second drain outlet; 12. Sampling head; 13. Sleeve; 14. Lifting ring; 15. First switch valve; 16. Electromagnet; 17. Rotating blade; 18. Push unit; 181. Pump body; 182. Push sleeve; 183. Push rod; 184. Push ring; 185. Mounting ring; 2. Extension tube; 3. Rotating unit; 31. Rotating shell; 311. Opening; 32. Balance plate; 33. Gear ring; 34. Gear; 35. Drive block; 36. Limiting groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0031] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 A deep-sea prospecting and mining device comprises a drilling unit 1, wherein the drilling unit 1 comprises a drill bit 11 for drilling the seabed in a vertical direction and a sampling head 12 slidably arranged on the side wall of the drill bit 11 in a radial direction of the drill bit 11, and a sleeve 13 is arranged on the upper part of the drill bit 11 along the drilling direction of the drill bit 11. The drill bit 11 has a drilling mode and a sampling mode. When the drill bit 11 is in the drilling mode, the sampling head 12 is completely retracted into the drill bit 11. The drill bit 11 is located at the lower part of the sleeve 13 and blocks the lower part of the sleeve 13, and at this time the movement direction of the drill bit 11 is vertically downward. When the drill bit 11 is in the sampling mode, the drill bit 11 slides out from the bottom of the sleeve 13, and the bottom of the sleeve 13 is in an open state. The drill bit 11 extends out of the sleeve 13 for a specified length and then stops descending. The sampling head 12 extends out from the side wall of the drill bit 11 along the radial direction of the drill bit 11, and the drill bit 11 drives the sampling head 12 to rise along the drilling direction.

[0032] The working principle of the drilling device in the present invention is as follows: a location to be sampled is selected, and then the drill bit 11 is vertically arranged and the drill bit 11 is rotated by a rotating unit 3 arranged on the upper part of the drill bit 11, and the drill bit 11 drills the seabed soil layer at the designated location. At this time, the drill bit 11 is in a drilling state, and the sampling head 12 arranged on the periphery of the drill bit 11 is in a retracted state, that is, the sampling head 12 does not contact the soil layer at this time. As the drill bit 11 continues to descend, when the drill bit 11 reaches the designated sampling depth, the sleeve 13 stops descending, and the drill bit 11 extends from the bottom of the sleeve 13 along the drilling direction. At this time, the sleeve 13 and the drill bit 11 are in a synchronous rotation state, and the drill bit 11 stops extending from the sleeve 13 after extending a designated length. The designated length needs to be determined according to the actual drilling situation and the amount of samples to be drilled. The larger the sample volume, the longer the drill bit 11 extends relative to the sleeve 13. When the drill bit 11 is extended to the specified length, the sampling head 12 arranged on the side wall of the drill bit 11 gradually extends. At this time, the drill bit 11 is in a continuous rotation state. When the sampling head 12 is fully extended, the drill bit 11 drives the sampling head 12 to rise along the extension direction of the borehole. The sample on the side wall of the borehole falls into the upper part of the drill bit 11 under the squeezing action of the sampling head 12. When the drill bit 11 is fully retracted to the bottom of the sleeve 13, the sampling is completed. The sample located on the upper part of the drill bit 11 is sealed in the sleeve 13, so that the sample will not accidentally fall during the lifting process. In addition, sampling by the present invention can realize drilling and sampling in succession, and there is no need to take out the drill bit 11 and replace the sampling head 12 to sample the sample at the specified depth, thereby improving the sampling efficiency.

[0033] Reference Figure 1-Figure 11 : When the drill bit 11 is in the drilling mode, the drill bit 11 descends synchronously with the sleeve 13. When the drill bit 11 reaches the specified sampling depth, the drill bit 11 switches to the sampling mode, the sleeve 13 stops descending, and the drill bit 11 extends from the bottom of the sleeve 13 along the drilling direction and stops moving after reaching the specified length.

[0034] Reference Figure 1-Figure 11 : The drill bit 11 is always in a rotating state in the drilling mode and the sampling mode.

[0035] Thus, when the drill bit 11 is in sampling mode, the sampling head 12 arranged on the side wall of the drill bit 11 can rotate synchronously with the drill bit 11 when extending in the radial direction of the drill bit 11, and the sampling head 12 drills and samples the side wall of the borehole drilled by the drill bit 11.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 8A water injection pipe 111 is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the drill bit 11 along the extension direction of the drill bit 11, a water injection chamber 112 is opened in the drill bit 11, the water injection pipe 111 and the water injection chamber 112 are communicated with each other, a sliding groove 113 is opened on the side wall of the water injection chamber 112 along the radial direction of the drill bit 11, and the sampling head 12 is slidably arranged in the sampling groove along the extension direction of the sliding groove 113. After the water injection pipe 111 fills the water injection chamber 112 with water, the sampling head 12 extends from the side wall of the drill bit 11, and after the water injection pipe 111 draws water out of the water injection chamber 112, the sampling head 12 retracts into the drill bit 11.

[0037] When the drill bit 11 is in the sampling mode, the water injection chamber 112 and the sliding groove 113 are connected to each other. When the drill bit 11 is in the drilling mode, the water injection chamber 112 and the sliding groove 113 are disconnected, and the sampling head 12 is completely retracted into the sliding groove 113. When the drill bit 11 is in the sampling mode, the water injection pipe 111 injects water into the water injection chamber 112, so that the water pressure in the water injection chamber 112 increases. Since the water injection chamber 112 and the sliding groove 113 are connected, the sampling head 12 located in the sliding groove 113 gradually slides out and samples the side wall of the borehole drilled by the drill bit 11. The upper part of the drill bit 11 is an annular groove structure. The sample drilled by the sampling head 12 falls into the annular groove on the upper part of the drill bit 11. A water pump is provided at the end of the water injection pipe 111, and the water pump can inject water into the water injection pipe 111 or pump out the water in the water injection pipe 111.

[0038] Reference Fig.11 A first drain outlet 114 is provided at the bottom of the water injection chamber 112 along the axis of the drill bit 11, and a plurality of second drain outlets 115 are provided around the first drain outlet 114. The second drain outlets 115 are evenly arranged around the first drain outlet 114. Both the first drain outlet 114 and the second drain outlet 115 are interconnected with the water injection chamber 112. When the drill bit 11 is in the drilling mode, the first drain outlet 114 and the second drain outlet 115 drain water simultaneously.

[0039] When the drill bit 11 is in the drilling mode, after the drill bit 11 continuously crushes the rock formation on the seabed in the vertical direction, the crushed material needs to be discharged, but the drill bit 11 itself cannot discharge the crushed material. As the drill bit 11 continues to descend, if the material crushed by the drill bit 11 cannot be discharged, the crushed material will accumulate around the drill bit 11, which will not only affect the normal drilling work of the drill bit 11, but also increase the wear of the drill bit 11. In order to avoid the above situation, a first drain port 114 and a second drain port 115 are provided on the drill bit 11. When the drill bit 11 is in the drilling mode, the drill bit 11 continuously drills into the rock formation on the seabed in the vertical direction. At this time, the water injection pipe 111 injects water into the water injection chamber 112, and the water in the water injection chamber 112 is discharged from the drill bit through the first drain port 114 and the second drain port 115. 11 is discharged from the lower part. The drill bit 11 forms a borehole on the seabed during the drilling process. There is a gap between the sleeve 13 arranged on the upper part of the drill bit 11 and the side wall of the borehole. The water injected into the bottom of the borehole through the first drain port 114 and the second drain port 115 flows from bottom to top. The flowing water lifts the crushed material at the bottom of the borehole and discharges it from the upper part of the borehole. In this way, not only the crushed material can be discharged smoothly, but also it can be ensured that when the drill bit 11 is in the sampling mode, the crushed material will not be mixed into the sample. This is because the crushed material generated by the drill bit 11 during the drilling process is a non-sampling sample. In this way, after the crushed material is discharged by the water flow, when the drill bit 11 reaches the specified sampling depth, the crushed material at the non-sampling depth cannot affect the sample due to being discharged, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the final inspection result.

[0040] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 8 A lifting ring 14 is provided in the water injection chamber 112 for movement along the axis direction of the drill bit 11 , a first switch valve 15 is provided on the inner ring of the lifting ring 14 , the water injection chamber 112 is a circular structure and the inner diameter of the water injection chamber 112 is the same as the outer diameter of the lifting ring 14 .

[0041] Since the first switch valve 15 is arranged on the lifting ring 14, when the drill bit 11 is in the drilling state, the first switch valve 15 is in the open state, and when the drill bit 11 is in the sampling state, the first switch valve 15 is in the closed state. When the drill bit 11 is in the drilling mode, the lifting ring 14 is located at the upper part of the water injection cavity 112 and blocks the sliding groove 113, so that the sampling head 12 located in the sliding groove 113 cannot slide out of the sliding groove 113, and as the water injection pipe 111 is applied to the water injection cavity 112, the sampling head 12 in the water injection cavity 112 is closed. Continuously inject water, and the water injected into the water injection chamber 112 is discharged through the first drain port 114 and the second drain port 115. When the drill bit 11 reaches the specified sampling depth, the lifting ring 14 is still located on the upper side of the water injection chamber 112, and the first drain port 114 and the second drain port 115 continue to inject water into the borehole. The purpose of this is to completely discharge the crushed materials remaining in the borehole to prevent the crushed materials from affecting subsequent sampling. After the first drain port 114 and the second drain port 115 continue to drain for a period of time, the first switch valve 15 in the lifting ring 14 is closed, and the lifting ring 14 drives the first switch valve 15 to synchronously descend to the bottom of the water injection chamber 112 and completely block the first drain port 114 and the second drain port 115 after reaching the bottom. At this time, the water injection pipe 111 continues to inject water into the water injection chamber 112, so that the water pressure in the water injection chamber 112 continues to rise, so that the sampling head 12 set in the sliding groove 113 is gradually discharged under the action of the water pressure in the water injection chamber 112. The drill bit 11 gradually extends out of the sliding groove 113, and at this time, the drill bit 11 extends out from the bottom of the sleeve 13, so that after the sampling head 12 extending from the side wall of the drill bit 11 drills the sample of the specified sampling depth, the sample falls on the upper part of the drill bit 11. When the drill bit 11 passes through the sampling head 12 for sampling, the drill bit 11 will gradually retract into the sleeve 13 in the vertical direction. In this way, when the drill bit 11 completely blocks the bottom of the sleeve 13, the sample falling on the upper part of the drill bit 11 can be collected, thereby improving the sampling efficiency.

[0042] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 8 : Electromagnets 16 are respectively provided at the upper and lower parts of the water injection chamber 112. When the drill bit 11 is in the drilling mode, the electromagnet 16 located at the upper part of the water injection chamber 112 is energized, and the electromagnet 16 located at the lower part of the water injection chamber 112 is de-energized, the lifting ring 14 blocks the sliding groove 113, and the first switch valve 15 is in an open state. When the drill bit 11 is in the sampling mode, the electromagnet 16 located at the upper part of the water injection chamber 112 is de-energized, and the electromagnet 16 located at the lower part of the water injection chamber 112 is energized, the first switch valve 15 is in a closed state, the lifting ring 14 blocks the second drain port 115, and the first switch valve 15 blocks the first drain port 114.

[0043] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8: The first drain outlet 114 is provided with a rotating blade 17. When water flows out from the first drain outlet 114, the rotating blade 17 provided on the first drain outlet 114 rotates.

[0044] When the lifting ring 14 is at the bottom of the water injection chamber 112, the drill bit 11 is in a sampling state. After the drill bit 11 completes sampling, the sampling head 12 needs to be retracted into the sliding groove 113. At this time, the water in the water injection chamber 112 is reversely discharged into the water injection pipe 111, and the first switch valve 15 is in a closed state. In this way, the lifting ring 14 rises in the water injection chamber 112 and contacts the upper part of the water injection chamber 112. At this time, the water in the borehole flows back into the water injection chamber 112, and the water flowing back into the water injection chamber 112 mostly contains mud and sand. In order to clean out the mud and sand in the injection chamber, the first switch valve 15 is opened, and the water injection pipe 111 re-injects water into the water injection chamber 112. The water in the water injection chamber 112 is discharged from the first drain port 114 and the second drain port 115, wherein the water discharged from the first drain port 114 can drive the rotating blades 17 located on the first drain port 114, so that the mud and sand remaining at the bottom of the water injection chamber 112 are discharged from the second drain port 115, and a second switch valve 1111 is also provided on the water injection pipe 111. When the mud and sand in the water injection chamber 112 are cleaned up, the first switch valve 15 is closed, the electromagnet 16 located on the upper side of the water injection chamber 112 stops being energized, and at the same time, the second switch valve 1111 provided on the water injection pipe 111 is closed, so that the lifting ring 14 provided with the first switch valve 15 is self-locked.

[0045] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 A pushing unit 18 is provided in the sleeve 13 for pushing the drill bit 11 out of the sleeve 13. When the drill bit 11 is in the drilling mode, the pushing unit 18 is in a retracted state. When the drill bit 11 is in the sampling mode, the pushing unit 18 is in an extended state.

[0046] The push unit 18 includes a pump body 181, a push sleeve 182, a push rod 183, a push ring 184 and a mounting ring 185. The push ring 184 is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the water injection pipe 111, the mounting ring 185 is arranged on the upper part of the push ring 184, the mounting ring 185 is fixedly arranged in the sleeve 13, the push sleeve 182 is vertically fixedly arranged on the lower part of the mounting ring 185, the push rod 183 is slidably arranged on the bottom of the push sleeve 182 along the extension direction of the push sleeve 182, and the upper part of the push ring 184 is connected to the push sleeve 182. The bottom of the push rod 183 is fixedly connected, and a pump body 181 is arranged at the upper end of the push sleeve 182. The pump body 181 is used to inject hydraulic oil into the push sleeve 182 or to extract the hydraulic oil in the push sleeve 182. When the pump body 181 injects hydraulic oil into the push sleeve 182, the push rod 183 in the push sleeve 182 slides out of the push sleeve 182, so that the push ring 184 drives the water injection pipe 111 to move, thereby making the drill bit 11 connected to the water injection pipe 111 extend from the sleeve 13.

[0047] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 An extension tube 2 is fixed on the upper part of the sleeve 13, and a rotating unit 3 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the extension tube 2. The rotating unit 3 includes a rotating shell 31. An opening 311 is provided on the upper part of the rotating shell 31. A balancing plate 32 that moves along the drilling direction of the drill bit 11 is arranged in the rotating shell 31. The balancing plate 32 forms a sealed cavity in the rotating shell 31, and the sealed cavity is filled with lubricating oil.

[0048] The extension tube 2 passes through the rotating shell 31, and the rotating unit 3 also includes a gear ring 33, a gear 34, a driving block 35 and a limiting groove 36. The gear ring 33 is rotatably arranged in the sealed cavity, and the driving block 35 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the gear ring 33 along the axis of the gear ring 33. The limiting groove 36 is opened on the side wall of the extension tube 2 along the axis of the extension tube 2. The limiting groove 36 and the driving block 35 are slidably matched and key-matched. The gear 34 is rotatably arranged on one side of the gear ring 33, and the gear 34 and the gear ring 33 are meshed with each other. The end of the gear ring 33 is provided with a driver for driving the gear 34 to rotate. When the gear 34 rotates, the gear ring 33 is driven to rotate. Since the drill bit 11 needs to be at a deep When drilling is carried out in the sea, if the rotating shell 31 only improves the sealing performance so that the volume of the rotating shell 31 does not change, the rotating shell 31 needs to have a high pressure resistance. A balance plate 32 is provided on the rotating shell 31 and the sealed cavity formed between the balance plate 32 and the rotating shell 31 is filled with lubricating oil. As the drill bit 11 continues to descend, the water pressure continues to rise, and the water pressure gradually presses the balance plate 32 into the rotating shell 31. At this time, the pressure in the sealed cavity of the rotating shell 31 can maintain pressure balance with the external seawater, that is, the pressure in the rotating shell 31 is the same as the external seawater pressure, so that the pressure resistance burden of the rotating shell 31 in the deep sea can be reduced.

[0049] The above embodiments only express one or several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A deep-sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device, characterized in that: The drilling unit (1) comprises a drilling bit (11) for drilling the seabed in a vertical direction, and a sampling head (12) slidably arranged on the side wall of the drill bit (11) in a radial direction of the drill bit (11); a sleeve (13) is arranged on the upper part of the drill bit (11) in the drilling direction of the drill bit (11); the drill bit (11) has a drilling mode and a sampling mode; when the drill bit (11) is in the drilling mode, the sampling head (12) is completely retracted into the drill bit (11), and the drill bit (11) is located in the sleeve. The lower part of the sleeve (13) is sealed, and the movement direction of the drill bit (11) is vertically downward. When the drill bit (11) is in the sampling mode, the drill bit (11) slides out from the bottom of the sleeve (13), and the bottom of the sleeve (13) is in an open state. The drill bit (11) extends out of the sleeve (13) to a specified length and then stops descending. The sampling head (12) extends out from the side wall of the drill bit (11) along the radial direction of the drill bit (11), and the drill bit (11) drives the sampling head (12) to rise along the drilling direction.

2. A deep-sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the drill bit (11) is in the drilling mode, the drill bit (11) descends synchronously with the sleeve (13). When the drill bit (11) reaches a specified sampling depth, the drill bit (11) switches to the sampling mode, the sleeve (13) stops descending, and the drill bit (11) extends from the bottom of the sleeve (13) along the drilling direction and stops moving after reaching a specified length.

3. A deep sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit (11) is always in a rotating state in the drilling mode and the sampling mode.

4. The deep sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water injection pipe (111) is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the drill bit (11) along the extension direction of the drill bit (11); a water injection chamber (112) is provided in the drill bit (11); the water injection pipe (111) and the water injection chamber (112) are communicated with each other; a sliding groove (113) is provided on the side wall of the water injection chamber (112) along the radial direction of the drill bit (11); the sampling head (12) is slidably arranged in the sampling groove along the extension direction of the sliding groove (113); after the water injection pipe (111) fills the water injection chamber (112) with water, the sampling head (12) extends from the side wall of the drill bit (11); after the water injection pipe (111) draws water out of the water injection chamber (112), the sampling head (12) retracts into the drill bit (11).

5. A deep sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first drainage port (114) is provided at the bottom of the water injection cavity (112) along the axis of the drill bit (11), a plurality of second drainage ports (115) are provided around the first drainage port (114), the second drainage ports (115) are evenly arranged around the first drainage port (114), the first drainage port (114) and the second drainage ports (115) are both communicated with the water injection cavity (112), and when the drill bit (111) is in a drilling mode, the first drainage port (114) and the second drainage port (115) drain water simultaneously.

6. A deep sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lifting ring (14) is arranged in the water injection cavity (112) to move along the axial direction of the drill bit (11), a first switch valve (15) is arranged on the inner ring of the lifting ring (14), the water injection cavity (112) is a circular structure, and the inner diameter of the water injection cavity (112) is the same as the outer diameter of the lifting ring (14).

7. A deep sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Electromagnets (16) are respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts of the water injection chamber (112); when the drill bit (11) is in a drilling mode, the electromagnet (16) located at the upper part of the water injection chamber (112) is energized, the electromagnet (16) located at the lower part of the water injection chamber (112) is de-energized, the lifting ring (14) blocks the sliding groove (113), and the first switch valve (15) is in an open state; when the drill bit (11) is in a sampling mode, the electromagnet (16) located at the upper part of the water injection chamber (112) is de-energized, the electromagnet (16) located at the lower part of the water injection chamber (112) is energized, the first switch valve (15) is in a closed state, the lifting ring (14) blocks the second drainage port (115), and the first switch valve (15) blocks the first drainage port (114).

8. The deep sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rotating blade (17) is arranged on the first drain outlet (114); when water flows out from the first drain outlet (114), the rotating blade (17) arranged on the first drain outlet (114) rotates.

9. The deep sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pushing unit (18) is arranged in the sleeve (13) for pushing the drill bit (11) out of the sleeve (13); when the drill bit (11) is in a drilling mode, the pushing unit (18) is in a retracted state; when the drill bit (11) is in a sampling mode, the pushing unit (18) is in an extended state.

10. The deep sea prospecting mineral collection and excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extension tube (2) is fixed on the upper part of the sleeve (13), and a rotating unit (3) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the extension tube (2). The rotating unit (3) comprises a rotating shell (31), and an opening (311) is provided on the upper part of the rotating shell (31). A balancing plate (32) is arranged in the rotating shell (31) and moves along the drilling direction of the drill bit (11). The balancing plate (32) forms a sealed cavity in the rotating shell (31), and the sealed cavity is filled with lubricating oil.

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