Resistance-increasing type energy-absorbing and impact-stopping method for roadway hydraulic support and energy-absorbing component

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of roadway supporting, in particular to a roadway hydraulic support resistance-increasing energy-absorbing and impact-stopping method which comprises an energy-absorbing component arranged in a support, a support base used for supporting a roadway bottom plate is arranged below the energy-absorbing component, and a stand column and a support top beam used for supporting a roadway top plate are arranged above the energy-absorbing component. Starting from the energy-absorbing abdicating displacement of the energy-absorbing component, the bearing reaction generated by the energy-absorbing component is increased along with the increase of the abdicating displacement, and the characteristic of resistance-increasing type energy absorption is presented; in the energy absorption abdicating process of the resistance-increasing type energy absorption component, the pressure of the emulsion in the stand column is in the rising trend, but is not higher than the peak pressure of the emulsion at the initial moment of energy absorption starting all the time; under the condition of the same energy absorption amount, the effective energy absorption stroke required by the resistance-increasing type energy absorption component is shorter; according to the stand column provided with the resistance-increasing type energy absorption component, at the end of energy absorption receding, the hard impact bearing reaction peak value generated by the stand column and a support base is smaller than the bearing reaction peak value of a stand column provided with a constant-resistance energy absorption component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, in particular to a resistance-enhanced energy-absorbing and impact-stopping method and an energy-absorbing component for a tunnel hydraulic support. Background Art

[0002] Rock burst, also known as rockburst, refers to the phenomenon that underground rocks suddenly break, shatter and release a large amount of energy due to geological conditions, mining methods and human factors during underground mining. Rock burst poses a major threat to miner safety, tunnel stability and the integrity of mining equipment due to its suddenness and strong destructiveness. Tunnel anti-bumping hydraulic support is a key support equipment to improve mine operation safety, maintain tunnel stability and protect personnel and equipment from rock burst damage. The energy-absorbing component is the core component that enables the tunnel anti-bumping support to play a role in giving way and stopping impact. Therefore, when designing the energy-absorbing component, it is of great significance to consider the coupling relationship between the column and the energy-absorbing component to improve the giving way and stopping performance of the tunnel anti-bumping hydraulic support.

[0003] At present, the commonly used energy-absorbing components of hydraulic supports for anti-collision tunnels include pre-folded energy-absorbing components, expanded diameter energy-absorbing components, outward-turned energy-absorbing components, and multi-cellular energy-absorbing components. However, the design of the above energy-absorbing components only considers their own energy-absorbing characteristics, and all take constant yielding resistance as the design goal, that is, constant resistance energy absorption, and has not yet considered the coupling relationship with the column. Therefore, the following problems exist during use:

[0004] (1) When a fault dislocation type impact rock pressure or a roof fracture type impact rock pressure occurs, the collapsed rock mass at the top will directly act on the support. If the energy of the impact rock pressure is small, it will not or will hardly cause damage to the tunnel support, but it is still possible for the energy-absorbing component to absorb energy. For the energy-absorbing component with constant resistance type energy absorption, the support reaction force generated by it is constant after starting. As long as the impact load is greater than the absorption displacement starting pressure, absorption displacement can occur. In the process of the change of the support reaction force load of the energy-absorbing component actually used with the displacement, there is a stage of rapid load drop, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig.15 As shown, at this stage, a smaller load will also cause the energy absorbing component to continuously yield displacement, that is, produce a large absorption and yield displacement. In the energy absorption and anti-impact design theory, yielding is a last resort, which is proposed to protect the support equipment. Therefore, it is undesirable to produce a large absorption and yield displacement under a smaller load, that is, it is a malfunction phenomenon of the energy absorbing component. Moreover, the disturbance caused by the mining of the working face to the roadway will also cause the constant resistance energy absorbing component to malfunction.

[0005] (2) After a misoperation occurs, the effective displacement stroke of the constant resistance energy absorbing component is reduced, resulting in a decrease in the energy absorption of the energy absorbing component;

[0006] (3) When a large energy impact event occurs in the tunnel, the constant resistance energy absorbing component is completely crushed, and the column cylinder and the hydraulic support base collide hard. The column support reaction force will rise rapidly, causing the column to bend or even burst, seriously affecting the support effect of the support system;

[0007] (4) In the process of load change with displacement during the absorption and displacement of existing constant resistance energy absorbing components, there is mostly a stage of rapid load drop. This stage will cause the broken tunnel roof to continue to accelerate during the impact pressure process, which is not conducive to the support system's purpose of "stopping the impact" on the roof. At the same time, when the effective stroke of the energy absorbing components is the same, the energy absorbing components with load drop phenomenon absorb relatively less energy, which is also not conducive to the protection of the support system in large energy impact events. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention provides a method and an energy absorbing component for increasing resistance and absorbing energy of a tunnel hydraulic support, which can overcome certain defects of the prior art.

[0009] According to the present invention, a resistance-enhanced energy absorption and impact-stopping method for a tunnel hydraulic support includes an energy absorption component, which is arranged inside the support, a support base for supporting the tunnel bottom plate is arranged below the energy absorption component, and columns and support top beams for supporting the tunnel top plate are arranged above the energy absorption component. The energy absorption component starts to absorb and yield displacement, and the support reaction force generated by the energy absorption component increases with the increase of the yield displacement, showing the characteristics of resistance-enhanced energy absorption.

[0010] Preferably, during the process of absorbing and yielding of the energy-absorbing component of the drag-enhanced energy absorption, the emulsion pressure inside the column shows an upward trend, but is never higher than the emulsion peak pressure at the initial moment of energy absorption startup.

[0011] Preferably, under the same energy absorption condition, the energy absorption component of the increased resistance type energy absorption has a shorter effective energy absorption stroke than that of the constant resistance type energy absorption.

[0012] Preferably, at the end of the absorption and displacement period, the peak value of the hard impact reaction force generated by the column of the energy absorbing component with the increased resistance energy absorption and the bracket base is smaller than the peak reaction force of the column installed with the constant resistance energy absorbing component.

[0013] According to a method for increasing resistance and absorbing energy and stopping impact of a tunnel hydraulic support, the present invention also provides a method for increasing resistance and absorbing energy and stopping impact of a tunnel hydraulic support, which is an arc-shaped energy absorbing component, including a lower pressure plate and a circular tube, a circular tube and a first circular arc tube are arranged above the lower pressure plate, an upper pressure plate is arranged above the circular tube and the first circular arc tube, the two first circular arc tubes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the circular tube, and the circular tube and the first circular arc tube are fixedly welded to the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate.

[0014] Preferably, the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate both have rectangular grooves at positions corresponding to the circular tube and the first circular arc tube, wherein the length of the rectangular groove is not less than the length of the corresponding circular tube or the first circular arc tube, and the width of the rectangular groove is such that the circular tube and the first circular arc tube just pass through the upper pressing plate or the lower pressing plate, and the end of the circular tube or the first circular arc tube just flush with the upper side of the upper pressing plate or the lower side of the lower pressing plate.

[0015] Preferably, the circular tube and the first arc tube are both embedded in the rectangular groove, and the first arc tube and the upper and lower pressure plates are fixedly welded by full welding, and the circular tube and the upper and lower pressure plates are fixedly welded by spot welding.

[0016] Preferably, second arc tubes are symmetrically arranged on the outer sides of the two first arc tubes, and rectangular grooves are also opened at the corresponding positions of the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate. The length of the rectangular groove is not less than the length of the corresponding second arc tube, and the width of the rectangular groove is sufficient to allow the second arc tube to just pass through the upper pressure plate or the lower pressure plate, and the end of the second arc tube is just flush with the upper side of the upper pressure plate or the lower side of the lower pressure plate. The second arc tube is embedded in the rectangular groove, and the second arc tube and the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate are fixedly welded by full welding.

[0017] Preferably, there are multiple groups of the second arc tubes, which are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the two inner first arc tubes, and each group of the second arc tubes is set to a different length according to the maximum diameter of the upper pressing plate or the lower pressing plate.

[0018] Preferably, the minimum gap between each adjacent circular tube, first circular arc tube, and second circular arc tube is not less than the size occupied by the inner circular tube, the first circular arc tube, or the second circular arc tube when the maximum plastic deformation occurs.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] ① After the absorption and concession occurs, the generated support reaction force increases with the increase of the concession displacement, which will limit the peak disturbance or short-term small impact to cause the energy-absorbing component to further give way and absorb energy, making it difficult for the energy-absorbing component to have a large concession displacement. Only when the impact load is large enough and the duration is long enough, can a large absorption and concession displacement occur.

[0021] ② During the process of energy absorption and displacement of the energy absorbing component of the drag-enhanced energy absorption, the emulsion pressure inside the column shows an upward trend, but it is never higher than the emulsion peak pressure at the initial moment of energy absorption.

[0022] ③ Under the same energy absorption conditions, compared with constant resistance energy absorption, the energy absorption component of the increased resistance energy absorption requires a shorter effective energy absorption stroke, and its energy absorption efficiency is higher. In other words, under the same energy absorption stroke, the energy absorbed by the energy absorption component of the increased resistance energy absorption is greater. This is because the increased resistance energy absorption is inclined upward, and the area enclosed by its curve and the horizontal axis displacement coordinate axis is the amount of absorbed energy. Under the same absorption and displacement, the area enclosed by the increased resistance energy absorption curve is larger.

[0023] ④ For the column equipped with energy-absorbing components with increased resistance energy absorption, at the end of absorption and displacement, the peak value of the hard impact support reaction force generated by the column and the bracket base is smaller than the peak support reaction force of the column equipped with constant resistance energy absorption components. Therefore, the energy-absorbing components with increased resistance can effectively reduce the support reaction force generated by the hard impact of the column, and effectively reduce the probability of bending and explosion of the column. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The force-displacement characteristic curve of the existing constant resistance energy absorption expansion type energy absorption component;

[0025] Figure 2 The force-displacement characteristic curve of the outward-turning energy-absorbing component of the existing constant-resistance energy-absorbing type;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an arc-shaped energy absorbing component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is the force analysis diagram of the circular tube load-displacement theory model of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component;

[0028] Figure 5 It is the force analysis diagram of the arc tube load-displacement theoretical model of the arc energy absorbing component;

[0029] Figure 6 It is the force analysis diagram of the arc tube half part in the load-displacement theory model of the arc energy absorbing component;

[0030] Figure 7 Load-displacement curve obtained for the theoretical model of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing member;

[0031] Figure 8 is the test loading load-displacement curve of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing member;

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a simulated emulsion pressure curve of the pre-folded type in the prior art;

[0033] Fig.10 It is the simulated emulsion pressure curve of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component;

[0034] Fig.11It is a simulated column support reaction force curve of the pre-folded type in the prior art;

[0035] Fig.12 It is the simulated column support reaction curve of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component;

[0036] Fig.13 It is a pre-folded simulated heavy object speed curve in the prior art;

[0037] Fig.14 It is a simulated real heavy object speed curve of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component;

[0038] Fig.15 It is a simulated load-displacement curve of the pre-folded type in the prior art;

[0039] Fig.16 This is the simulated load-displacement curve of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit it.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A method for increasing resistance type energy absorption and impact prevention of a tunnel hydraulic support comprises an energy absorption component, which is arranged inside the support, a support base for supporting the tunnel bottom plate is arranged below the energy absorption component, and a column and a support top beam for supporting the tunnel top plate are arranged above the energy absorption component. The energy absorption component starts to absorb and yield displacement, and the support reaction force generated by the energy absorption component increases with the increase of the yield displacement, showing the characteristics of increasing resistance type energy absorption.

[0043] When fault dislocation type impact ground pressure or roof rupture type impact ground pressure occurs, the collapsed rock mass at the top will directly act on the support. No matter how large or small the impact energy is, the energy-absorbing components of the increased resistance type energy absorption can produce reliable absorption and concession. Specifically, when a small or difficult to cause destructive impact ground pressure occurs, the top collapse will directly act on the support, resulting in an increase in the support reaction force of the column. For the energy-absorbing components of the increased resistance type energy absorption, after the absorption and concession occur, the support reaction force generated increases with the increase of the concession displacement, which will limit the peak disturbance or short-term small impact from causing the energy-absorbing components to further give way and absorb energy, making it difficult for the energy-absorbing components to have a large concession displacement. Only when the impact load is large enough and the duration is long enough, can a large absorption and concession displacement occur.

[0044] Furthermore, during the process of absorbing and yielding of the energy-absorbing component of the drag-enhanced energy absorption, the emulsion pressure inside the column shows an upward trend, but is never higher than the emulsion peak pressure at the initial moment of energy absorption startup.

[0045] Furthermore, under the same energy absorption condition, the energy absorption component of the increased resistance type energy absorption has a shorter effective energy absorption stroke than the constant resistance type energy absorption, and its energy absorption efficiency is higher. In other words, under the same energy absorption stroke, the energy absorbed by the energy absorption component of the increased resistance type energy absorption is greater. This is because the increased resistance type energy absorption is inclined upward, and the area enclosed by its curve and the horizontal axis displacement coordinate axis is the amount of absorbed energy. Under the same absorption displacement, the area enclosed by the increased resistance type energy absorption curve is larger.

[0046] Furthermore, for a column equipped with an energy-absorbing component with increased resistance to absorb energy, at the end of the absorption and displacement period, the peak value of the hard impact support reaction force generated between the column and the bracket base is smaller than the peak support reaction force of the column equipped with a constant resistance energy-absorbing component. Therefore, the energy-absorbing component with increased resistance to absorb energy can effectively reduce the support reaction force generated by the hard impact of the column, and effectively reduce the probability of the column bending and explosion.

[0047] According to a method for increasing resistance type energy absorption and impact prevention of a tunnel hydraulic support, the present invention also provides a tunnel hydraulic support increasing resistance type energy absorption and impact prevention energy absorption component, which is an arc-shaped energy absorption component, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes a lower pressure plate 405 and a circular tube 404, a circular tube 404 and a first arc tube 403 are arranged above the lower pressure plate 405, an upper pressure plate 401 is arranged above the circular tube 404 and the first arc tube 403, two first arc tubes 403 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the circular tube 404, the circular tube 404 and the first arc tube 403 are fixedly welded to the upper pressure plate 401 and the lower pressure plate 405, when connected with the hydraulic support, the arc energy absorbing member can be placed in the guide cylinder 104, the guide cylinder 104 is set as a one-way open cylinder, the unopened end is located at the lower end, and a column socket is provided for connecting to the support bottom beam for supporting the tunnel bottom plate, the part above the upper pressure plate 401 is sleeved with a hydraulic column, and a support top beam for supporting the tunnel top plate is provided above the hydraulic column. In addition, the arc energy absorbing member can also be placed separately on the support top beam, support bottom beam or other places.

[0048] Furthermore, the upper pressing plate 401 and the lower pressing plate 405 are provided with rectangular grooves at positions corresponding to the circular tube 404 and the first circular arc tube 403, wherein the length of the rectangular groove is not less than the length of the corresponding circular tube 404 or the first circular arc tube 403, and the width of the rectangular groove is such that the circular tube 404 and the first circular arc tube 403 just pass through the upper pressing plate 401 or the lower pressing plate 405, and the end of the circular tube 404 or the first circular arc tube 403 just flush with the upper side of the upper pressing plate 401 or the lower side of the lower pressing plate 405, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 shown.

[0049] Furthermore, the circular tube 404 and the first arc tube 403 are both embedded in the rectangular groove, and the first arc tube 403 and the upper pressure plate 401 and the lower pressure plate 405 are fixedly welded by full welding, and the circular tube 404 and the upper pressure plate 401 and the lower pressure plate 405 are fixedly welded by spot welding.

[0050] Furthermore, second arc tubes 402 are symmetrically arranged on the outer sides of the two first arc tubes 403, and rectangular grooves are also opened at the corresponding positions of the upper pressure plate 401 and the lower pressure plate 405. The length of the rectangular groove is not less than the length of the corresponding second arc tube 402, and the width of the rectangular groove is such that the second arc tube 402 just passes through the upper pressure plate 401 or the lower pressure plate 405, and the end of the second arc tube 402 is just flush with the upper side of the upper pressure plate 401 or the lower side of the lower pressure plate 405. The second arc tube 402 is embedded in the rectangular groove, and the second arc tube 402 and the upper pressure plate 401 and the lower pressure plate 405 are fixedly welded by full welding.

[0051] Furthermore, there are multiple groups of second arc tubes 402, which are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the two inner first arc tubes 403, and each group of second arc tubes 402 is set to different lengths according to the maximum diameter of the upper pressure plate 401 or the lower pressure plate 405. In this embodiment, the upper pressure plate 401 or the lower pressure plate 405 is set to a disc structure. In other embodiments, it can be set to a square, rectangular, or other polygonal structure as needed.

[0052] Furthermore, the minimum gap between each adjacent circular tube 404, the first circular arc tube 403, and the second circular arc tube 402 is not less than the size occupied by the maximum plastic deformation of the inner circular tube 404 or the first circular arc tube 403 or the second circular arc tube 402, ensuring that they do not interfere with each other during the deformation process.

[0053] In this embodiment, the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component is placed in the guide cylinder 104, and the guide cylinder 104 is in a cylindrical shape. The circular tube 404, the first circular arc tube 403 and the second circular arc tube 402 are arranged between the upper pressure plate 401 and the lower pressure plate 405, which are both disc-shaped. Therefore, in terms of the maximum design energy absorption space utilization, the circular tube 404 is the longest, the first circular arc tube 403 is the second, and the second circular arc tube 402 is the shortest. When multiple groups of second circular arc tubes 402 are arranged in sequence on the outside, the closer the second circular arc tube 402 is to the outside, the shorter it is. Moreover, the lengths of the circular tube 404, the first circular arc tube 403 and the second circular arc tube 402 are all symmetrically arranged about the upper pressure plate 401 or the lower pressure plate 405.

[0054] In the present embodiment, during the crushing deformation process of the energy-absorbing component of the drag-enhanced energy absorption, the load is borne jointly by the circular tube 404 and the two first circular arc tubes 403 and the two second circular arc tubes 402. During the design process, a certain gap is left between the circular tube and the first circular arc tube 403, and between the first circular arc tube 403 and the second circular arc tube 402 to ensure that they do not interfere with each other during the deformation process. Therefore, the load-displacement theoretical model of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component is decomposed into a circular tube load-displacement theoretical model and an arc tube load-displacement theoretical model, and the theoretical model is derived from the moment when the energy-absorbing component begins to absorb and give way.

[0055] A plastic arc is used to replace the ideal plastic hinge concentrated at one point. The length of the arc is the dependent variable of the compression displacement x of the tube. The force analysis diagram of a quarter of the tube during deformation is shown in Figure 4 As shown, through derivation, the load-displacement theoretical model of the circular tube is expressed as follows:

[0056]

[0057] In formula (1):

[0058] Y is the yield strength of the material, t1 is the thickness of the tube, L1 is the length of the tube, R1 is the radius of the tube, x represents the crushing displacement, c is the shape parameter, E P is the strain hardening modulus of the material, F and E represent the first and second kind of incomplete elliptic integrals, respectively. M P1 is the plastic limit bending moment of the circular tube,

[0059] The first arc tube 403 or the second arc tube 402 uses three plastic hinges to form a collapse mechanism. If the plastic deformation only occurs at the plastic hinge and the arc segment does not deform, the deformation of the collapse mechanism can be described by the rotation of the chord segment corresponding to the arc segment. The force analysis diagram of the arc tube is shown in FIG. Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, through derivation, the load-displacement theoretical model of the arc tube is expressed as follows:

[0060]

[0061] In formula (2):

[0062] t2 is the thickness of the arc tube, L2 is the length of the arc tube

[0063] R2 is the radius of the arc tube

[0064] φ2、p2、 The expressions are similar to the φ1, p1, They have the same mathematical structure and will not be described in detail here.

[0065] Therefore, the load-displacement theoretical model of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing member is:

[0066]

[0067] Will Figure 3 Substitute the structural parameters of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing member and the material parameters of 4340 steel into Formula 3, and the designed displacement is 27 mm. The load-displacement curve of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing member is obtained as follows: Figure 7 As shown; the corresponding arc-shaped energy-absorbing components are subjected to production tests, and the following are obtained: Figure 8 The load-displacement curve is shown in Figure 2; it is obvious that, except for the theoretical derivation error, the two are consistent with each other after the energy absorption starts. After the absorption and displacement are started, the load of the arc-shaped energy absorbing component increases with the displacement, showing the characteristics of increased resistance energy absorption.

[0068] In this embodiment, a numerical simulation method is also used to analyze the coupling relationship between the arc-shaped energy absorbing component and the column, specifically, a finite element analysis is performed thereon. The key parameters and settings of the finite element analysis are as follows:

[0069] 1) Material assignment: The material of all parts is set to 4340 steel, and the J-Cook material constitutive model is adopted.

[0070] 2) Meshing: All parts are meshed using hexahedral meshes, and the mesh size is set to 1.5 mm.

[0071] 3) Contact settings: The arc tube and the upper and lower pressure plates are set to binding, and the other contacts are set to friction. The static friction coefficient is set to 0.15, and the dynamic friction coefficient is set to 0.14.

[0072] 4) Boundary condition setting: The lower platen is fixed, and all degrees of freedom of the upper platen are restricted except for the Y-axis movement. The crushing speed is set to 5m / s.

[0073] The energy-absorbing columns with pre-folded and arc-shaped energy-absorbing components installed were subjected to impact simulation. The energy-absorbing columns used for the two energy-absorbing components were the same. In order to compare the energy-absorbing effects of the pre-folded and arc-shaped energy-absorbing components laterally, a heavy object was dropped to simulate the impact ground pressure of the roof. The emulsion pressure, column support reaction force, heavy object speed, and energy-absorbing component load-displacement during the impact process were used as analysis objects. The energy-absorbing effect of each energy-absorbing component was analyzed respectively. The simulation time was set to 50ms. The impact started at 20ms. Figure 9-16 shown.

[0074] like Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, the emulsion pressure of the pre-folded energy-absorbing column suddenly increased to about 75MPa and fluctuated violently, and then the emulsion pressure showed a sharp downward trend, and then the fluctuation range decreased, but the overall fluctuation amplitude was large until the impact ended; Fig.10 As shown in the figure, the emulsion pressure of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing column rises to about 72MPa, and then the emulsion pressure fluctuates slightly but the central value remains basically unchanged. The emulsion pressure corresponding to the moment of 45ms is 69.5MPa, which is basically the same as the peak pressure at the moment of energy absorption startup. Subsequently, the emulsion pressure begins to rise sharply. This is because the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component enters the dense stage, the supporting reaction force provided increases, and the absorption and concession are basically completed.

[0075] like Fig.11 As shown in the figure, at about 20ms, the reaction force of the pre-folded column rises to about 1450kN. During the 20-25ms period, the reaction force of the column stabilizes at about 1430kN, and then drops to about 900kN, which is not conducive to the protection of the column. The reaction force of the column corresponding to the moment of 45ms is 820kN. Fig.12 As shown in the figure, the reaction force of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing column changes steadily at 1670 kN during the impact process, and the column reaction force corresponding to the moment of 45 ms is 1970 kN, which is almost consistent with the reaction force curve obtained by simulating the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component alone, indicating that the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component can still provide good reaction force during the coupled impact with the column.

[0076] like Fig.13 As shown in the figure, under the influence of the pre-folded energy-absorbing component, the speed increase trend of the heavy object in the 20-26ms period slowed down significantly, basically stabilized at about 3.5m / s, and the speed increased by 0.21m / s. However, from 26ms, the speed continued to increase rapidly. At about 45ms, the speed of the heavy object reached about 3.66m / s. In the 20-26ms period, the column support reaction force increased, basically greater than 1200kN, and finally the support reaction force decreased rapidly, which led to the energy absorption of the energy-absorbing component reduced within the limited energy absorption stroke, and could not effectively absorb the energy released by the impact of the heavy object, which would cause the broken roadway roof to continue to accelerate during the impact pressure process; Fig.14 As shown in the figure, under the influence of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component, the increase in the weight speed is significantly reduced. During the regulation period of the energy-absorbing component, the weight speed only increases by 0.0315 m / s. At about 45 ms (the end of the absorption and yield period), the weight speed reaches about 3.5 m / s. The peak value of the hard impact support reaction force generated by the column and the bracket base is smaller than the peak support reaction force of the column installed with the constant resistance energy-absorbing component (the smaller the speed, the smaller the transmitted support reaction force), indicating that the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component can quickly stabilize the broken rock mass and avoid serious power accidents that may cause equipment damage.

[0077] like Fig.15 As shown in FIG. 1 , the load of the pre-folded energy-absorbing component increases first and then decreases with the displacement during the impact process, which is not conducive to achieving the purpose of "stopping the impact" of the heavy object, and will cause the heavy object to be in an accelerated state during the impact process; Fig.16As shown in the figure, the load of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component increases with the displacement during the impact process, and the load fluctuation is small, which can achieve the effect of "stopping the impact" on heavy objects; at the same time, taking the 80mm energy-absorbing stroke as the standard, the energy absorption of the pre-folded energy-absorbing component is 89kJ, and the energy absorption of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component is 136kJ. It can be concluded that under the same energy absorption stroke, the energy absorption of the energy-absorbing component with increased resistance absorption is greater and has a higher energy absorption efficiency.

[0078] The present invention and its embodiments are described schematically above, and the description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by it and designs a structural method and an embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing impact by increasing resistance and absorbing energy of a tunnel hydraulic support, comprising an energy absorbing member, the energy absorbing member being arranged inside the support, a support base for supporting the tunnel floor being arranged below the energy absorbing member, and a column and a support top beam for supporting the tunnel roof being arranged above the energy absorbing member, characterized in that: The energy absorbing component starts to absorb and yield displacement, and the support reaction force generated by the energy absorbing component increases with the increase of yield displacement, showing the characteristics of increased resistance energy absorption.

2. The method for preventing impact by increasing resistance and absorbing energy of a tunnel hydraulic support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: During the process of absorbing and yielding of the energy-absorbing component of the drag-enhanced energy absorption, the emulsion pressure inside the column shows an upward trend, but it is never higher than the emulsion peak pressure at the initial moment of energy absorption.

3. The method for preventing impact by increasing resistance and absorbing energy of a tunnel hydraulic support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Under the same energy absorption conditions, the energy absorption components of the increased resistance type energy absorption require a shorter effective energy absorption stroke than those of the constant resistance type energy absorption.

4. The method for preventing impact by increasing resistance and absorbing energy of a tunnel hydraulic support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: For a column equipped with an energy-absorbing component with increased resistance energy absorption, at the end of the absorption and displacement period, the peak value of the hard impact support reaction force generated between the column and the bracket base is smaller than the peak support reaction force of the column equipped with a constant resistance energy absorption component.

5. According to any one of claims 1 to 4, a method for increasing resistance and absorbing impact of a tunnel hydraulic support, and also a member for increasing resistance and absorbing impact of a tunnel hydraulic support, characterized in that: The invention relates to an arc-shaped energy-absorbing component, comprising a lower pressing plate (405) and a circular tube (404); a circular tube (404) and a first circular arc tube (403) are arranged above the lower pressing plate (405); an upper pressing plate (401) is arranged above the circular tube (404) and the first circular arc tube (403); two first circular arc tubes (403) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the circular tube (404); and the circular tube (404) and the first circular arc tube (403) are fixedly welded to the upper pressing plate (401) and the lower pressing plate (405).

6. The drag-enhancing energy-absorbing and impact-stopping energy-absorbing component of a tunnel hydraulic support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper pressing plate (401) and the lower pressing plate (405) are provided with rectangular grooves at positions corresponding to the circular tube (404) and the first circular arc tube (403), wherein the length of the rectangular groove is not less than the length of the corresponding circular tube (404) or the first circular arc tube (403), and the width of the rectangular groove is such that the circular tube (404) and the first circular arc tube (403) just pass through the upper pressing plate (401) or the lower pressing plate (405), and the end of the circular tube (404) or the first circular arc tube (403) is just flush with the upper side of the upper pressing plate (401) or the lower side of the lower pressing plate (405).

7. The drag-enhancing energy-absorbing and impact-stopping energy-absorbing component of a tunnel hydraulic support according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The circular tube (404) and the first circular arc tube (403) are both embedded in the rectangular groove, and the first circular arc tube (403) and the upper pressing plate (401) and the lower pressing plate (405) are fixedly welded by full welding, and the circular tube (404) and the upper pressing plate (401) and the lower pressing plate (405) are fixedly welded by spot welding.

8. The drag-enhancing energy-absorbing and impact-stopping energy-absorbing component of a tunnel hydraulic support according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A second arc tube (402) is symmetrically arranged on the outer sides of the two first arc tubes (403), and a rectangular groove is also opened at the corresponding positions of the upper pressing plate (401) and the lower pressing plate (405). The length of the rectangular groove is not less than the length of the corresponding second arc tube (402), and the width of the rectangular groove is such that the second arc tube (402) just passes through the upper pressing plate (401) or the lower pressing plate (405), and the end of the second arc tube (402) is just flush with the upper side of the upper pressing plate (401) or the lower side of the lower pressing plate (405). The second arc tube (402) is embedded in the rectangular groove, and the second arc tube (402) and the upper pressing plate (401) and the lower pressing plate (405) are fixedly welded by full welding.

9. The drag-enhancing energy-absorbing and impact-stopping energy-absorbing component of a tunnel hydraulic support according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second arc tubes (402) are provided in multiple groups, all symmetrically arranged on the outside of the two inner first arc tubes (403), and each group of the second arc tubes (402) is set to a different length according to the maximum diameter of the upper pressing plate (401) or the lower pressing plate (405).

10. The drag-enhancing energy-absorbing and impact-stopping energy-absorbing component of a tunnel hydraulic support according to claim 8, characterized in that: The minimum gap between each adjacent circular tube (404), first circular arc tube (403), and second circular arc tube (402) is not less than the size occupied by the inner circular tube (404) or the first circular arc tube (403) or the second circular arc tube (402) when the maximum plastic deformation occurs.

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