Fixed-point yielding supporting anchor rod cable and roadway fixed-point yielding supporting method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of coal mine roadway anchor cable supporting, and particularly relates to a fixed-point yielding supporting anchor rod cable and a roadway fixed-point yielding supporting method.The fixed-point yielding supporting anchor rod cable comprises an anchor rod part, the anchor rod part comprises an anchor rod body, a drilling head is arranged at the top end of the anchor rod body, and the inner diameter of the bottom end of the anchor rod body is reduced to form an anchor rod connector; the hollow yielding sleeve sequentially comprises a connecting cylinder, a yielding conical cylinder and a sealing head from top to bottom; the anchor cable part sequentially comprises a yielding section, a grouting section and a hollow section from top to bottom; the yielding section and the grouting section are located in the yielding sleeve in the initial state, the yielding sleeve at the position of the grouting section after yielding is located in the separation layer area, and grouting can be conducted on the separation layer area through the grouting section. The device can adapt to the working condition that deep anchor cable supporting needs to be conducted due to large roadway surrounding rock deformation; and full-length anchoring of the anchor rod cable can be achieved, fixed-point yielding can be achieved, direct drilling construction can be achieved, and the supporting effect is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of coal mine tunnel anchor cable support, and specifically relates to a fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable and a tunnel fixed-point pressure-yielding support method. Background Art

[0002] A roadway is a passage constructed underground during coal mining. It includes development roadways, preparation roadways and recovery roadways. Recovery roadways mainly serve the corresponding recovery working face, have a relatively short service life, and are generally constructed in coal seams. In order to increase the coal recovery rate, reduce the retention of coal pillars in sections, and reduce the work of roadway excavation, roadway retention along the goaf is a commonly used means of arranging recovery roadways. Generally, the transportation roadway of the previous working face can be retained by the roadway retention along the goaf to continue to serve the next working face as its return air roadway.

[0003] Since the service life of mining tunnels is short, mining tunnels are generally supported by anchor rods and / or anchor cables, which have the advantages of good support effect, fast support speed, high degree of mechanization and low cost. Anchor rods are short in length and rigid, which is convenient for construction. Anchor cables are long and are mostly made of twisted steel wires. They have slightly poor rigidity and cannot be directly drilled for construction. It is also inconvenient to install after drilling. However, anchor cables have a large construction depth and good anchoring effect. Therefore, for some tunnels with high support difficulties, anchor cables combined with anchor rods have a good support effect compared with anchor rods alone, such as in tunnels along the goaf.

[0004] Anchor rods and / or anchor cables can effectively control the deformation of tunnel surrounding rocks, but they cannot completely prevent the deformation of tunnel surrounding rocks. Sometimes they can only slow down the deformation of tunnel surrounding rocks. Properly allowing the tunnel surrounding rocks to deform to a certain extent and allowing the anchor rods or anchor cables to adapt to this deformation, and then further anchoring and reinforcement, is beneficial to the support of the tunnel surrounding rocks after deformation. Therefore, yielding anchor rods and anchor cables, especially those that can be grouted after yielding, came into being.

[0005] For gob-side tunnels, one side is solid coal and the other side is a backfill retaining wall, wherein the backfill retaining wall is constructed with backfill materials. Affected by the water separation and compression deformation of the backfill materials, the deformation of the gob-side tunnel on the side of the backfill retaining wall is relatively large, and the surrounding rock affected by the deformation is relatively far, so anchor cable support is often used. However, due to the large deformation of the gob-side tunnel on the side of the backfill retaining wall, delamination will occur in the top rock layer, especially between the basic top and the direct top, which will cause the anchor cable to be broken or the fastening device in the tunnel to be pulled off, thereby reducing the anchoring effectiveness of the anchor cable. The pressure-yielding anchor cable proposed in the prior art can adapt to this working condition, but the setting position of the pressure-yielding structure of the anchor cable is generally located at the bottom, that is, near the orifice, and the position where the pressure is required is located at the delamination, which results in the pressure-yielding structure not having a pressure-yielding effect, while the position where the pressure is required lacks a pressure-yielding structure. In addition, a large amount of overhanging on the direct top is prone to sudden fracture and impact, which is not conducive to tunnel safety.

[0006] Therefore, how to improve the convenience of anchor cable installation and achieve fixed-point pressure relief of the anchor cable is a difficult problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable, comprising an anchor portion, wherein the anchor portion comprises an anchor body, a drilling head is arranged at the top of the anchor body, and an inner diameter of the bottom end is reduced to form an anchor connector;

[0008] It also includes a hollow pressure relief sleeve, which includes a connecting tube, a pressure relief cone tube and a sealing head from top to bottom. The connecting tube can be connected to the anchor rod connecting head; the outer diameter of the bottom section of the sealing head is reduced to serve as a sleeve connecting head;

[0009] It also includes an anchor cable part, which includes a pressure-releasing section, a grouting section and a hollow section from top to bottom; a pressure-releasing cone block is fixed to the outer periphery of the pressure-releasing section, and the pressure-releasing cone block is seated in the pressure-releasing cone cylinder; the grouting section is located in the pressure-releasing cone cylinder and the sealing head in the initial state, and the grouting section includes a central grouting pipe, and the grouting pipe is provided with grouting holes; the hollow section is located below the sealing head, and the hollow section includes a central grouting pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the drilling head is a conical drill bit, and the outer diameter of the drilling head is not greater than the outer diameter of the anchor body.

[0011] Preferably, a drilling thread is provided on the outer periphery of the anchor body.

[0012] Preferably, the outer diameter of the pressure-releasing sleeve is the same as that of the anchor rod body.

[0013] Preferably, the inner diameter of the pressure cone cylinder gradually decreases from top to bottom to form an inverted truncated cone structure.

[0014] Preferably, the inner diameter of the top end of the pressure-releasing cone is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting tube.

[0015] Preferably, the inner diameter of the sealing head is consistent and smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the pressure-releasing cone, forming a step.

[0016] Preferably, the pressure relief cone is an inverted frustum.

[0017] Preferably, the pressure-relief section comprises a solid rod in the center and a steel wire wound around the solid rod.

[0018] Preferably, the outer periphery of the grouting section is sealedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing head at least in an initial state.

[0019] Preferably, the grouting section is formed by evenly winding a plurality of steel wires spirally on a grouting pipe, and gaps are formed between the plurality of steel wires by changing the winding parameters of the steel wires, thereby providing a channel for the grouting hole to flow out.

[0020] Preferably, in the grouting section, an expansion ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the grouting pipe, thereby increasing the outer diameter of the grouting pipe, forming gaps between the multiple steel wires, and providing a flow channel for the grouting hole.

[0021] Preferably, the hollow section is formed by spirally winding a plurality of steel wires evenly and tightly around a grouting pipe.

[0022] Preferably, a slurry stopper, a tray and a fastening nut are sequentially sleeved on the outer periphery of the lower portion of the hollow section.

[0023] Preferably, a grouting plug is provided at the lower end of the grouting channel of the hollow section.

[0024] The present invention also proposes a fixed-point pressure-yielding support method for a tunnel based on the fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1: Lane left along the gob;

[0026] S2: Assemble the anchor cable, use the hollow drill pipe to connect the sleeve connector, place the anchor cable part in the inner cavity of the drill pipe, directly drill into the construction, construct the anchor part and the pressure sleeve in the direct top, and reversely rotate the drill pipe to withdraw;

[0027] S3: anchor cable part;

[0028] S4: Delamination occurs between the basic top and the direct top, the anchor cable part moves relative to the anchor rod part, the grouting hole moves to release the pressure sleeve, and the cementitious filling material is injected into the delamination layer from the grouting channel.

[0029] Preferably, step S2, or, using a hollow drill rod to connect the anchor rod connector, directly drilling construction, constructing the anchor rod part in the basic top, and reserving a pressure sleeve installation position in the basic top, and reversely rotating the drill rod to withdraw; assembling the pressure sleeve and the anchor cable part, using a hollow drill rod to connect the sleeve connector, placing the anchor cable part in the inner cavity of the drill rod, sending the pressure sleeve to the anchor rod connector, rotating the drill rod to connect the connecting tube and the anchor rod connector, and reversely rotating the drill rod to withdraw.

[0030] Preferably, in step S3, grouting is injected into the gap between the outer periphery of the hollow section of the anchor cable portion and the drilled hole.

[0031] Preferably, in step S3, the anchoring method is to install a grout stopper, a tray, and a tightening nut.

[0032] Preferably, in step S4, the yield length of the fixed-point yield support anchor cable needs to adapt to the amount of delamination generated.

[0033] Beneficial technical effects: 1. The fixed-point yielding support anchor cable of the present invention combines the directly drilled anchor and the anchor cable into one, and is connected through a yielding structure, which can adapt to the working conditions where deep anchor support is required due to large deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock; and it can achieve both full-length anchoring of the anchor cable and fixed-point yielding. The full-length anchoring can improve the anchoring performance of the anchor cable, and the fixed-point yielding can allow the anchor cable to yield at the designed position, avoiding the problem that the yielding structure cannot yield.

[0034] 2. The fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable of the present invention does not need to be drilled before installation, but can be directly rotated to drill and install, and the anchor portion can be drilled, and the installation of the anchor is realized when the drilling rig reaches the designed position, and the anchor portion has a large anchoring strength. When the tunnel is separated from the layer in the later stage, the pressure-yielding structure causes the anchor portion and the anchor cable portion to move relative to each other, generating a pressure-yielding effect, and the grouting hole is exposed to the separation layer, and the rock layers above and below the separation layer are connected by grouting, thereby improving the support effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the separation structure of the anchor cable of the fixed-point pressure support according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor section in the fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure-releasing sleeve in the fixed-point pressure-releasing support anchor cable of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor cable section in the fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the yielding section in the anchor cable section of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the grouting section in the anchor cable section of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a hollow section in an anchor cable section of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable in the gob-side tunnel construction of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable of the present invention in the pressure-yielding state during construction in a goaf-side tunnel;

[0045] In the figure, a drilling head 11, an anchor body 12, an anchor connector 13; a connecting tube 21, a pressure-releasing cone tube 22, a sealing head 23, a sleeve connector 24; a limiting head 31, a pressure-releasing cone block 32, a pressure-releasing section 33, a grouting section 34, a grouting hole 35, a hollow section 36; a steel wire 41, a solid rod 42, a grouting pipe 43, a grouting channel 44, an expansion ring 45; a slurry stopper 51, a tray 52, a fastening nut 53, a slurry plug 54; solid coal 6, a basic roof 7, a direct roof 8, a retaining wall for a goaf-retaining tunnel 9; a goaf-retaining tunnel 10; and a separation layer 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Embodiment 1

[0048] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention proposes a fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable, comprising an anchor portion and an anchor cable portion, wherein a pressure-yielding sleeve is arranged at the bottom end of the anchor portion, and the top end of the anchor cable is arranged in the pressure-yielding sleeve to form a pressure-yielding structure; the details are as follows:

[0049] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the anchor rod part includes an anchor rod body 12, and a drilling head 11 is detachably or integrally formed at the top end of the anchor rod body 12, and the drilling head 11 adopts a conical drill bit, and the outer diameter of the drilling head 11 is not greater than the outer diameter of the anchor rod body 12; an anchor rod connector 13 is arranged at the bottom end of the anchor rod body 12, and the outer diameter of the anchor rod connector 13 is smaller than the outer diameter of the anchor rod body 12; the anchor rod connector 13 can be connected to a drill rod; the outer periphery of the anchor rod body 12 is provided with a drilling thread;

[0050] like Figure 1-2 , Figure 4As shown, the pressure-releasing sleeve is a hollow cylinder, and preferably has the same outer diameter as the anchor rod body 12. The pressure-releasing sleeve is divided into three sections from top to bottom, namely, a connecting tube 21, a pressure-releasing cone tube 22, and a sealing head 23. The inner diameter of the connecting tube 21 is the same as the outer diameter of the anchor rod connector 13, and can be connected by a fixed connection method such as threaded connection or welding; the inner diameter of the pressure-releasing cone tube 22 gradually decreases from top to bottom, forming an inverted truncated cone structure; the inner diameter of the top end of the pressure-releasing cone tube 22 is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting tube 21; the inner diameter of the sealing head 23 is consistent and smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the pressure-releasing cone tube 22, forming a step; the outer diameter of the bottom section of the sealing head 23 is reduced to form a sleeve connector 24, the outer diameter of the sleeve connector 24 is the same as the outer diameter of the anchor rod connector 13, and the sleeve connector 24 can be connected to the drill rod;

[0051] like Figure 1-2 , Figure 5-6 As shown, the anchor cable portion is divided into three sections from top to bottom, which are the pressure-releasing section 33, the grouting section 34 and the hollow section 36 in sequence; a pressure-releasing cone block 32 is fixed to the outer periphery of the pressure-releasing section 33, the outer diameter of the pressure-releasing cone block 32 forms an inverted truncated cone, and the pressure-releasing cone block 32 sits in the pressure-releasing cone cylinder 22, the maximum outer diameter of the pressure-releasing cone block 32 is the same as the maximum inner diameter of the pressure-releasing cone cylinder 22, the length of the pressure-releasing cone block 32 is slightly smaller than the pressure-releasing section 33, the top end of the pressure-releasing section 33 exceeds the top end of the pressure-releasing cone block 32, and a limit head 31 is provided on the exceeding portion to prevent the anchor cable portion from escaping from the pressure-releasing cone cylinder 22; as shown Figure 6 The cross-sectional structure of the pressure-relief section 33 includes a solid rod 42 in the center, and a plurality of steel wires 41 are spirally and evenly and tightly wound around the solid rod 42 to form the pressure-relief section 33 of the anchor cable portion. The manufacturing method of the anchor cable is well known in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0052] like Figure 1-2 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the grouting section 34 is located inside the pressure-releasing cone 22 and the sealing head 23 in the initial state, and the outer periphery of the grouting section 34 is sealedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing head 23 at least in the initial state, and a sealing material can be provided on the inner wall of the sealing head; Figure 7As shown, the cross-sectional structure of the grouting section 34 includes a grouting pipe 43 in the center, the grouting pipe 43 is a hollow structure, the center is a grouting channel 44, and a grouting hole 35 is provided on the grouting pipe 43. The grouting hole 35 is provided on the grouting pipe 43 of the grouting section 34 as required and is connected to the grouting channel 44. In the embodiment of the present invention, the grouting hole 35 is provided at a portion corresponding to the pressure-releasing cone 22; a plurality of steel wires 41 are spirally and evenly wound on the grouting pipe 43, and the winding parameters of the steel wires 41 are changed to make the plurality of steel wires 41 spirally and evenly wound on the grouting pipe 43. A gap is formed between the steel wires 41, providing a flow channel for the grouting hole 35; preferably, an expansion ring 45 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the grouting pipe 43, thereby increasing the outer diameter of the grouting pipe 45, so that a gap is formed between the multiple steel wires 41, providing a flow channel for the grouting hole 35; the expansion ring 45 is provided along the axis of the grouting section 34 as needed, or it can be avoided only at the position where the grouting hole 35 is set, and all other positions are set. The lengths of the multiple expansion rings 45 can also be set according to specific needs, and do not need to be all the same;

[0053] like Figure 1-2 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 As shown, the hollow section 36 is located below the sealing head 23. The cross-sectional structure of the hollow section 36 includes a grouting pipe 43 in the center. The grouting pipe 43 is a hollow structure with a grouting channel 44 in the center. A plurality of steel wires 41 are spirally and evenly wound around the grouting pipe 43 to form the hollow section 36 of the anchor cable part. A grouting plug 51, a tray 52 and a fastening nut 53 are sequentially sleeved on the lower periphery of the hollow section 36, and a grouting plug 54 is provided at the lower end of the grouting channel 44.

[0054] Among them, the grouting pipe 43 of the grouting section 34 and the hollow section 36 uses one, or the grouting pipe 43 of the grouting section 34 and the adjacent end of the grouting pipe 43 of the hollow section 36 are seamlessly connected; the solid rod 42 is inserted into the grouting pipe 43 of the grouting section 34 to seal the top of the grouting pipe 43 of the grouting section 34, or the top of the grouting pipe 43 of the grouting section 34 is sealed.

[0055] Embodiment 2

[0056] like Fig. 9 As shown, the present invention also proposes a fixed-point pressure-yielding support method for a tunnel based on the fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable, comprising the following steps:

[0057] S1: Perform gob-side entry retention 10, one side of the gob-side entry retention 10 is solid coal 6 of the working face to be mined, and one side is a gob-side entry retention retaining wall 9, the gob-side entry retention retaining wall 9 is formed by filling materials, and the other side of the gob-side entry retention retaining wall 9 is a goaf (not shown in the figure);

[0058] S2: Assemble the anchor cable of the present invention and use the hollow drill rod connecting sleeve connector 24. The outer diameter of the drill rod does not exceed the anchor rod part and the pressure-releasing sleeve. Place the anchor cable part in the inner cavity of the drill rod. At this time, the drill rod, the anchor rod part and the pressure-releasing sleeve form a rigid structure. Drilling construction is directly carried out. The anchor rod part and the pressure-releasing sleeve are constructed in the hard basic top 7. The bottom end of the pressure-releasing sleeve is located at the interface between the basic top 7 and the direct top 8. The direct top 8 contains multiple rock layers. Then, the drill rod is rotated in the opposite direction to separate the drill rod from the pressure-releasing sleeve and withdraw the drill rod.

[0059] or

[0060] A hollow drill rod is used to connect the anchor rod connector 13, the outer diameter of the drill rod does not exceed the anchor rod part, and the drilling construction is directly carried out. The anchor rod part is constructed in the hard basic top 7, and a pressure-release sleeve installation position is reserved in the basic top 7, so that the bottom end of the pressure-release sleeve can be located at the interface between the basic top 7 and the direct top 8, and the direct top 8 contains multiple rock layers. Then, the drill rod is rotated in the opposite direction to separate the drill rod from the anchor rod part and withdraw the drill rod; the pressure-release sleeve and the anchor cable part are assembled, and a hollow drill rod sleeve connector 24 is used to connect the anchor cable part to the inner cavity of the drill rod, and the pressure-release sleeve is sent to the anchor rod connector 13, and the drill rod is rotated to connect the connecting tube 21 and the anchor rod connector 13, and the drill rod is rotated in the opposite direction to separate the drill rod from the pressure-release sleeve and withdraw the drill rod;

[0061] S3: injecting grout into the gap between the outer periphery of the hollow section 36 of the anchor cable and the drill hole to reinforce the hollow section 36 of the anchor cable, and installing the grout stopper 51, the tray 52, the fastening nut 53, and the grout stopper 54;

[0062] S4: Fig.10 As shown, later, with the passage of time, affected by the water extraction and compression deformation of the filling material, the deformation of the gob-retained tunnel on one side of the filling retaining wall 9 is relatively large, so a separation layer 11 will be generated between the basic top 7 and the direct top 8. In this process, the anchor cable part moves relative to the anchor rod part, and the yield cone block 32 of the anchor cable part moves downward relative to the yield cone cylinder 22. The grouting hole 35 moves out of the yield sleeve, and the grouting hole 35 is exposed in the separation layer 11. The grouting plug 54 is opened, and the cementitious filling material is injected into the separation layer from the grouting channel. The cementitious filling material can fill the separation layer 11 on the one hand, and can connect the basic top 7 and the direct top 8 on the other hand. Among them, the yield length of the fixed-point yield support anchor cable needs to adapt to the amount of separation layer generated.

[0063] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optimal implementation mode. Anyone can derive other various forms of methods under the inspiration of the present invention. Any technical solution that is the same or similar to that of the present application falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable, characterized in that: It comprises an anchor rod part, the anchor rod part comprises an anchor rod body, the top end of the anchor rod body is provided with a drilling head, and the bottom end is reduced in inner diameter to be provided with an anchor rod connecting head; It also includes a hollow pressure relief sleeve, which includes a connecting tube, a pressure relief cone tube and a sealing head from top to bottom. The connecting tube can be connected to the anchor rod connecting head; the outer diameter of the bottom section of the sealing head is reduced to serve as a sleeve connecting head; It also includes an anchor cable part, which includes a pressure-releasing section, a grouting section and a hollow section from top to bottom; a pressure-releasing cone block is fixed to the outer periphery of the pressure-releasing section, and the pressure-releasing cone block is seated in the pressure-releasing cone cylinder; the grouting section is located in the pressure-releasing cone cylinder and the sealing head in the initial state, and the grouting section includes a central grouting pipe, and the grouting pipe is provided with grouting holes; the hollow section is located below the sealing head, and the hollow section includes a central grouting pipe.

2. The fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drilling head is a conical drill bit, and the outer diameter of the drilling head is not greater than the outer diameter of the anchor body; and / or the outer periphery of the anchor body is provided with a drilling thread.

3. The fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer diameter of the pressure-releasing sleeve is the same as that of the anchor rod body; and / or, the inner diameter of the top end of the pressure-releasing cone is the same as that of the connecting tube; and / or, the inner diameter of the sealing head is consistent and smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the pressure-releasing cone, forming a step.

4. The fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the pressure-releasing cone cylinder gradually decreases from top to bottom to form an inverted frustum structure, and / or the pressure-releasing cone is an inverted frustum.

5. The fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure-releasing section includes a solid rod in the center and a steel wire wound around it; and / or, the grouting section is formed by evenly winding a plurality of steel wires spirally on a grouting pipe, and gaps are formed between the plurality of steel wires by changing the winding parameters of the steel wires, thereby providing a channel for the grouting hole to flow out; and / or, the hollow section is formed by evenly and tightly winding a plurality of steel wires spirally on a grouting pipe.

6. The fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the grouting section is sealedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing head at least in the initial state; and / or, a slurry stopper, a tray and a fastening nut are sequentially sleeved on the lower outer periphery of the hollow section; and / or, a slurry stopper is provided at the lower end of the grouting channel of the hollow section.

7. The fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In the grouting section, an expansion ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the grouting pipe, thereby increasing the outer diameter of the grouting pipe, forming gaps between the multiple steel wires, and providing a channel for the grouting hole to flow out.

8. A fixed-point pressure-yielding support method for a tunnel, using the fixed-point pressure-yielding support anchor cable according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Lane left along the gob; S2: Assemble the anchor cable, use the hollow drill pipe to connect the sleeve connector, place the anchor cable part in the inner cavity of the drill pipe, directly drill into the construction, construct the anchor part and the pressure sleeve in the direct top, and reversely rotate the drill pipe to withdraw; S3: anchor cable part; S4: Delamination occurs between the basic top and the direct top, the anchor cable part moves relative to the anchor rod part, the grouting hole moves to release the pressure sleeve, and the cementitious filling material is injected into the delamination layer from the grouting channel.

9. The tunnel fixed-point pressure-yielding support method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Step S2, or, use a hollow drill rod to connect the anchor rod connector, directly drill and construct, construct the anchor rod part in the basic top, and reserve a pressure sleeve installation position in the basic top, and reversely rotate the drill rod to withdraw; assemble the pressure sleeve and the anchor cable part, use a hollow drill rod to connect the sleeve connector, place the anchor cable part in the inner cavity of the drill rod, send the pressure sleeve to the anchor rod connector, rotate the drill rod to connect the connecting tube and the anchor rod connector, and reversely rotate the drill rod to withdraw.

10. The fixed-point pressure-yielding support method for a tunnel according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: In step S3, grouting is injected into the gap between the outer periphery of the hollow section of the anchor cable and the drill hole; and / or, in step S3, the anchoring method is to install a grouting plug, a tray, and a tightening nut; and / or, in step S4, the yield length of the fixed-point yield support anchor cable needs to adapt to the amount of delamination generated.

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