Wind power generation device, fan blade ice melting system and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind power generation device, a fan blade ice melting system and a control method. A blade heating module of the ice melting system comprises heating elements arranged on each fan blade. The blade temperature monitoring module is used for monitoring the current real-time temperature of the PS surface part and the front edge part of the fan blade in real time; the environment temperature monitoring module is used for monitoring the current environment temperature of the fan blade in real time; the heating control module is electrically connected with the blade temperature monitoring module, the heating element and the environment temperature monitoring module, and the heating control module is used for adjusting the heating temperature of the heating element according to a current real-time temperature signal fed back by the blade temperature monitoring module. And the heating control module is used for controlling the start and stop of the heating element according to the current environment temperature signal fed back by the environment temperature monitoring module. The heating elements are arranged on the PS face part and the blade front edge part of the fan blade, the problem that the blade front edge and the PS face are coated with ice is mainly solved, and the aerodynamic efficiency proportion of a laying area should exceed 70%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and specifically relates to a wind power generation device, a wind turbine blade de-icing system and a control method. Background Art

[0002] With the accelerated construction of new power systems, the proportion of new energy sources such as wind power continues to increase, but wind turbines are very prone to ice accumulation in winter, causing large-scale disconnection from the grid, seriously affecting the safe operation of the power grid and the reliability of social power supply. In February 2021, wind turbines in Texas, the United States, were disconnected from the grid due to ice accumulation, causing 4.4 million people to lose power, and the entire state entered a major disaster state. In my country, Hunan, Liaoning, Sichuan and other provinces have experienced large-scale disconnection from the grid due to ice accumulation many times in winter. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out research on wind turbine de-icing technology and equipment to improve winter wind power output and ensure reliable power supply for the whole society.

[0003] Wind turbine deicing is currently a global problem. Since the blades are high-speed rotating parts and are nearly 100 meters long, the blade icing mechanism and heat dissipation characteristics under different meteorological environments and unit operating conditions are still unclear. Therefore, there is currently no means of blade icing monitoring. During the icing development and deicing process of the wind turbine, the blade icing situation cannot be accurately grasped. The icing can only be judged by the deviation of the wind turbine power generation or manual visual observation, which seriously affects the start and stop of the wind turbine and the operation control of the deicing system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a wind power generation device, a wind turbine blade de-icing system and a control method to solve the technical problem that wind turbine blades are easily covered with ice in winter.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present application provides a wind turbine blade de-icing system, comprising:

[0006] A blade heating module, comprising a heating element disposed on each of the fan blades, wherein the number of the heating elements is two and the heating elements are disposed on the PS surface portion and the leading edge portion of the fan blade respectively;

[0007] A blade temperature monitoring module, used for real-time monitoring of the current real-time temperature of the PS surface portion and the leading edge portion of the fan blade;

[0008] An ambient temperature monitoring module, used to monitor the current ambient temperature of the fan blades in real time;

[0009] The heating control module is electrically connected to the blade temperature monitoring module, the heating element and the ambient temperature monitoring module. The heating control module is used to adjust the heating temperature of the heating element according to the current real-time temperature signal fed back by the blade temperature monitoring module. The heating control module is used to control the start and stop of the heating element according to the current ambient temperature signal fed back by the ambient temperature monitoring module.

[0010] In some embodiments, the PS surface portion and the blade leading edge portion are both provided with a first plane, and each of the heating elements comprises:

[0011] The heating element body is a carbon fiber heating film;

[0012] The powered electrode comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the positive electrode is located on the first plane, and the carbon fiber heating film is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0013] In some embodiments, the blade temperature monitoring module includes:

[0014] The wireless sensor unit comprises a first temperature sensor disposed at a PS surface portion of each blade and a second temperature sensor at a leading edge portion of the blade, wherein the first temperature sensor is used to detect a first temperature of the PS surface portion, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect a second temperature of the leading edge portion of the blade;

[0015] A signal receiving unit is arranged inside the cabin, and is used to receive the first temperature signal and the second temperature signal sent by the wireless sensor unit and send them to the heating control module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the blade temperature monitoring module further includes a solar energy storage module for supplying power to the wireless sensor unit, and the solar energy storage module is disposed on a side of the wind turbine blade facing the sun.

[0017] In some embodiments, the heating control module includes:

[0018] A main control cabinet, which is used to receive the temperature signal sent by the signal receiving unit, perform calculation processing and output a control signal;

[0019] A power cabinet, connected to the heating element via a cable and used to output power from the power cabinet to the heating element of each fan blade;

[0020] The blade control cabinet is electrically connected to the main control cabinet and the power cabinet. The blade control cabinet is used to receive the control signal after operation and processing sent by the main control cabinet, and control the power cabinet to work according to the control signal.

[0021] In some embodiments, the wind turbine blade de-icing system further includes a lightning protection module, and the lightning protection module includes:

[0022] A guide bar, arranged on the outer surface of the fan blade, the guide bar is made of insulating material and has a discharge channel;

[0023] A primary main power supply lightning protection device is arranged in the inner cavity of the fan blade and is used to protect the fan blade from lightning;

[0024] A lightning strike monitoring component is disposed inside the fan blade and is used to monitor the lightning strike status of the fan blade;

[0025] The secondary control power supply lightning protection is arranged on the tower base and is used to provide lightning protection for the heating control module.

[0026] In some embodiments, a mounting groove is formed on the outer surface of the fan blade, an inner wall of the mounting groove is coated with an adhesion promoter, the guide strip is embedded in the mounting groove, and the guide strip and the inner wall of the mounting groove are sealed and bonded.

[0027] A second aspect of the present application provides a wind power generation device, comprising the wind turbine blade de-icing system as described above.

[0028] A third aspect of the present application provides a fan blade de-icing control method, which is applied to the fan blade de-icing system as described above. The fan blade de-icing control method comprises the following steps:

[0029] Acquire a first current ambient temperature and a current humidity of the fan blade;

[0030] When the first current ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature and the current humidity is higher than the preset humidity, controlling the heating element to start heating at a preset power;

[0031] In the process of the heating element heating the PS surface portion and the leading edge portion of the fan blade, obtaining in real time a second current ambient temperature of the fan blade;

[0032] When the second current ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature, the heating element is controlled to stop heating.

[0033] In some embodiments, the fan blade de-icing control method further comprises the steps of:

[0034] During the process of the heating element heating the PS surface portion and the leading edge portion of the fan blade, respectively obtaining in real time a first temperature of the PS surface portion and a second temperature of the leading edge portion of the blade;

[0035] The heating parameters of the heating element are correspondingly adjusted according to the first temperature and the second temperature.

[0036] Through the above technical solution, the wind power generation device, wind turbine blade deicing system and control method provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The fan blade de-icing system of the present application includes a blade heating module, a blade temperature monitoring module, an ambient temperature monitoring module and a heating control module; the blade heating module includes a heating element arranged on each fan blade. The present application adopts two heating elements, and sets heating elements on both the PS surface part and the leading edge part of the fan blade, focusing on solving the problem of ice covering the leading edge and PS surface of the blade. The aerodynamic efficiency of the laying area should account for more than 70%, wherein the heating elements of the overlapping part of the PS surface part and the leading edge part of the blade also overlap partially. In addition, the fan blade de-icing system can also monitor the outer surface temperature of the fan blade in real time, and adjust the output power of the heating element through the current real-time temperature information fed back by the blade temperature monitoring module, so as to change the heating temperature of the heating element to ensure the safe operation of the system. Further, the fan blade de-icing system of the present application also includes an ambient temperature monitoring module, which monitors the ambient temperature in real time through the ambient temperature monitoring module, and determines whether the heating element should be turned on according to the monitored ambient temperature, so as to improve the energy utilization rate of the whole system.

[0038] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fan blade de-icing system of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the fan blade de-icing control method of the present application.

[0042] Description of Reference Numerals

[0043] 100 Fan Blades 400 Slip Rings

[0044] 200 Cabin 500 Heating Control Module

[0045] 300 Tower base 600 Heating element DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The specific implementation of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and is not used to limit the present application.

[0047] The wind power generation device, wind turbine blade de-icing system and method according to the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a fan blade de-icing system, including a blade heating module, a blade temperature monitoring module, an ambient temperature monitoring module and a heating control module 500; the blade heating module includes a heating element 600 arranged on each fan blade 100, and the number of the heating elements 600 is two and they are respectively arranged on the PS surface part and the blade leading edge part of the fan blade 100; the blade temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the current real-time temperature of the PS surface part and the blade leading edge part of the fan blade 100 in real time; the ambient temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the current ambient temperature of the fan blade 100 in real time; the heating control module 500 is electrically connected to the blade temperature monitoring module, the heating element 600 and the ambient temperature monitoring module, the heating control module 500 is used to adjust the heating temperature of the heating element 600 according to the current real-time temperature signal fed back by the blade temperature monitoring module, and the heating control module 500 is used to control the start and stop of the heating element 600 according to the current ambient temperature signal fed back by the ambient temperature monitoring module.

[0049] When dividing the fan blade 100 into regions, the fan blade 100 is taken as an elliptical structure for explanation. The fan blade 100 is drawn along the axial center line. When the fan blade 100 rotates counterclockwise, the side facing the rotation direction is the PS surface part. The fan blade 100 is drawn along the direction perpendicular to the axial center line. The area near the inside is the blade leading edge part. It is generally known that the PS surface part and the blade leading edge part are the areas in the fan blade 100 that are prone to ice. Therefore, the present application adopts two heating elements 600, and the heating elements 600 are set on the PS surface part and the blade leading edge part of the fan blade 100, focusing on solving the problem of ice on the blade leading edge and PS surface. The aerodynamic efficiency of the laying area should exceed 70%, wherein the heating elements 600 overlap the part where the PS surface part and the blade leading edge part overlap. In addition, the fan blade de-icing system can also monitor the outer surface temperature of the fan blade 100 in real time, and adjust the output power of the heating element 600 through the current real-time temperature information fed back by the blade temperature monitoring module, so as to change the heating temperature of the heating element 600 to ensure the safe operation of the system. Furthermore, since the ambient temperature affects the de-icing state of the fan blade 100, the fan blade de-icing system of the present application also includes an ambient temperature monitoring module, which monitors the ambient temperature in real time, and determines whether the heating element 600 should be turned on according to the monitored ambient temperature, so as to improve the energy utilization rate of the entire system.

[0050] In some embodiments, the PS surface portion and the leading edge portion of the blade are both provided with a first plane, and each heating element 600 includes a heating element body and a powered electrode; the heating element body is a carbon fiber heating film; the powered electrode includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the positive electrode is located on the first plane, and the carbon fiber heating film is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0051] The paint putty on the PS surface and the leading edge of the blade is completely polished and cleaned to form the first plane. The glass fiber cloth is integrally poured and formed as the second plane, so that the carbon fiber heating film layer is completely between the first plane and the second plane to form a heating layer with heating and heat preservation effects.

[0052] In addition, a hole is made in the side wall of the inner cavity of the wind turbine blade 100, and the powered electrode and power supply of the heating element 600 are arranged in the inner cavity of the wind turbine blade 100 through the hole, and one end of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are directly connected to the carbon fiber heating film between the first plane and the second plane through the hole, and the other end is connected to the power cabinet of the heating control module 500 arranged on the tower base 300 through the slip ring 400 and the tower cable clamp. When the carbon fiber heating film is used to heat the PS surface part and the leading edge part of the blade that are prone to ice, the heating area can generate heat and emit infrared rays due to the heating through the carbon fiber, so that the temperature of the surrounding objects increases. The advantage of this radiation heating method is that compared with traditional heaters, it reduces energy waste, can heat faster and more evenly, and avoids air pollution and interference with fluctuations of other electronic equipment.

[0053] In some embodiments, the blade temperature monitoring module includes a wireless sensor unit and a signal receiving unit; the wireless sensor unit includes a first temperature sensor arranged on the PS surface portion of each blade and a second temperature sensor on the leading edge portion of the blade, the first temperature sensor is used to detect the first temperature of the PS surface portion, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the second temperature of the leading edge portion of the blade, and the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor transmit real-time data to the heating control module 500 through 4G and LORA communication technology; the signal receiving unit is arranged inside the cabin 200, and the signal receiving unit is used to receive the first temperature signal and the second temperature signal sent by the wireless sensor unit and send them to the heating control module 500.

[0054] In this embodiment, the current temperatures of the PS surface portion and the leading edge portion of the blade are respectively monitored in real time by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, and by comparing the current temperatures of the PS surface portion and the leading edge portion of the blade with the temperature to which the fan blade 100 is subjected, the heating control module 500 is adjusted so that the heating control module 500 controls the change of the heating parameters of the corresponding heating unit to prevent the PS surface portion and the leading edge portion from being too hot and damaging the fan blade 100, and to prevent the PS surface portion and the leading edge portion from being too cold and failing to melt ice.

[0055] In some embodiments, the blade temperature monitoring module further includes a solar energy storage module for powering the wireless sensor unit, and the solar energy storage module is disposed on the side of the wind turbine blade 100 facing the sun, and the solar energy storage module is exposed to light, so that it can replenish energy during operation and continue to operate stably. The solar energy storage module collects sunlight and converts it into electrical energy that can power the wireless sensor unit.

[0056] In some embodiments, the heating control module 500 includes a main control cabinet, a power supply cabinet and a blade control cabinet arranged on the tower base 300. The main control cabinet is used to receive the temperature signal sent by the signal receiving unit, perform calculations and processing, and output a control signal; the power supply cabinet is connected to the heating element 600 through a cable and is used to output the power of the power supply cabinet to the heating element 600 of each fan blade 100; the blade control cabinet is electrically connected to the main control cabinet and the power supply cabinet, and the blade control cabinet is used to receive the control signal sent by the main control cabinet after calculation and processing, and control the operation of the power supply cabinet according to the control signal.

[0057] The main control cabinet is controlled by PLC, and receives temperature and ice wireless sensor signals through the signal receiving unit, and outputs the switch signal to the blade control cabinet after calculation and processing, and finally controls the on and off of the main power supply. The power cabinet is used to control the introduction of power supply and main power supply, connect the cable with the original on-site auxiliary transformer cabinet, and lead the wire from the tower base 300 control cabinet to the nacelle 200. The blade control cabinet outputs power to the heating element 600 laid on each wind turbine blade 100 through PLC logic control, and collects temperature signals.

[0058] Furthermore, due to the weak lightning protection performance and low deicing efficiency of the existing wind turbine deicing system, and the frequent lightning strikes in wind farms, the deicing system frequently fails and cannot operate reliably during the winter ice-covering period. In order to solve the above problems, the wind turbine blade deicing system of the present application also includes a lightning protection module, which includes a guide bar, a primary main power supply lightning protection, a lightning monitoring component and a secondary control power supply lightning protection; the guide bar is arranged on the outer surface of the wind turbine blade 100, and the guide bar is an insulating material and has a discharge channel; the primary main power supply lightning protection is arranged in the inner cavity of the wind turbine blade 100 and is used to protect the wind turbine blade 100 from lightning; the lightning monitoring component is arranged inside the wind turbine blade 100 and is used to monitor the lightning strike state of the wind turbine blade 100, so as to be able to follow up the state of the wind turbine blade 100 in real time; the secondary control power supply lightning protection is arranged on the tower base 300 and is used to protect the heating control module 500 from lightning.

[0059] Among them, the guide strip uses the skin characteristics of lightning current or high-frequency current to artificially add a discharge channel on the surface of the insulating material that is conducive to flashover. The first-level main power supply lightning protection includes a 690v surge protector. The lightning strike monitoring component has the functions of recording the number of lightning strikes, monitoring the switch status, measuring temperature, monitoring the three-phase grid voltage and monitoring the grounding status, and transmits data in real time through the RS485 bus. The second-level control power supply lightning protection includes a 220v surge protector and a 24v surge protector. In addition, the first-level main power supply lightning protection arranged in the inner cavity of the wind turbine blade 100 isolates the grounding wire PE of the main power cable from the cabinet with an insulator, and also isolates it from the shielding layer at the position of the slip ring 400, so that the charge that the PE line may carry is directly discharged into the ground through a single channel.

[0060] In some embodiments, a mounting groove is formed on the outer surface of the wind blade 100, the inner wall of the mounting groove is coated with an adhesion promoter, the guide strip is embedded in the mounting groove, and the guide strip and the inner wall of the mounting groove are sealed and bonded.

[0061] Among them, when installing the guide strip, the blade surface of the target area is polished in advance with a grinding wheel to form an installation groove for installing the guide strip. During installation, an adhesion promoter is evenly applied in the installation groove; the guide strip is pressed into the installation groove so that the guide strip and the inner wall of the installation groove are bonded and fixed; a sealant is added to the edge of the guide strip to ensure a smooth transition between the fan blade 100 and the guide strip.

[0062] The second aspect of the present application provides a wind power generation device, comprising a plurality of wind blades 100 and the wind blade de-icing system as described above. Since the wind power generation device adopts all embodiments of the wind blade de-icing system as described above, it has all the beneficial effects brought by the wind blade de-icing system as described above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, the third aspect of the present application provides a fan blade de-icing control method, which is applied to the fan blade de-icing system as described above. The fan blade de-icing control method comprises the steps of:

[0064] S10: Acquire a first current ambient temperature and a current humidity of the fan blade 100;

[0065] S20: When the first current ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature and the current humidity is higher than the preset humidity, the heating element 600 is controlled to start heating according to the preset power;

[0066] S30: in the process of the heating element 600 heating the PS surface portion and the blade leading edge portion of the fan blade 100, obtaining in real time a second current ambient temperature of the fan blade 100;

[0067] S40: When the second current ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature, the heating element 600 is controlled to stop heating.

[0068] In this embodiment, the first preset temperature represents the critical ambient temperature for turning the heating element 600 on or off, that is, the start and stop of the heating element 600 is determined by the ambient temperature of the fan blade 100. For example, when the first preset temperature is 5°C, when the ambient temperature is above 5°C and the ambient humidity is greater than 80%, the fan blade 100 will not be covered with ice at this ambient temperature, so the heating element 600 does not need to be turned on at this time; when the ambient temperature is below 5°C, the ambient temperature is low, and the fan blade 100 is more likely to be covered with ice, and the heating element 600 needs to be turned on to heat the fan blade 100.

[0069] Furthermore, during the process of the heating element 600 heating the fan blades 100, it is also necessary to obtain the second current ambient temperature of the fan blades 100 in real time. When the second current ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature, it means that the probability of the fan blades 100 being covered with ice is relatively small at this time. From the perspective of energy saving, the heating element 600 can be controlled to stop heating.

[0070] In some embodiments, the fan blade de-icing control method further comprises the steps of:

[0071] During the process of the heating element 600 heating the PS surface portion and the blade leading edge portion of the fan blade 100, a first temperature of the PS surface portion and a second temperature of the blade leading edge portion are respectively acquired in real time;

[0072] The heating parameters of the heating element 600 are correspondingly adjusted according to the first temperature and the second temperature.

[0073] In this embodiment, in order to protect the fan blade 100, the first temperature of the PS surface part and the second temperature of the blade leading edge part need to be monitored in real time during the heating process, so as to adjust the heating parameters of the heating element 600 according to the monitored first temperature and second temperature. During the heating process, when the temperature of the fan blade 100 is too high, the excessively high temperature will damage the fan blade 100, so the output power of the heating element 600 can be reduced to reduce the heating temperature of the heating element 600; when the temperature of the fan blade 100 is too low, it means that the heating parameters of the heating element 600 do not meet the ice melting requirements at this time, so the output power of the heating element 600 needs to be increased at this time to increase the heating temperature of the heating element 600 and improve the ice melting efficiency.

[0074] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0075] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0076] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0077] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fan blade de-icing system, characterized in that: include: A blade heating module, comprising a heating element (600) arranged on each of the fan blades (100), wherein the number of the heating elements (600) is two and they are arranged on the PS surface portion and the leading edge portion of the fan blade (100) respectively; A blade temperature monitoring module, used for real-time monitoring of the current real-time temperature of the PS surface portion and the blade leading edge portion of the fan blade (100); An ambient temperature monitoring module, used for monitoring the current ambient temperature of the fan blade (100) in real time; The heating control module (500) is electrically connected to the blade temperature monitoring module, the heating element (600) and the ambient temperature monitoring module. The heating control module (500) is used to adjust the heating temperature of the heating element (600) according to the current real-time temperature signal fed back by the blade temperature monitoring module. The heating control module (500) is used to control the start and stop of the heating element (600) according to the current ambient temperature signal fed back by the ambient temperature monitoring module.

2. The fan blade de-icing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PS surface portion and the blade leading edge portion are both provided with a first plane, and each of the heating elements (600) comprises: The heating element body is a carbon fiber heating film; The powered electrode comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the positive electrode is located on the first plane, and the carbon fiber heating film is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

3. The fan blade de-icing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade temperature monitoring module comprises: The wireless sensor unit comprises a first temperature sensor disposed at a PS surface portion of each blade and a second temperature sensor at a leading edge portion of the blade, wherein the first temperature sensor is used to detect a first temperature of the PS surface portion, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect a second temperature of the leading edge portion of the blade; A signal receiving unit is arranged inside the cabin (200), and is used to receive the first temperature signal and the second temperature signal sent by the wireless sensor unit and send them to the heating control module (500).

4. The fan blade de-icing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blade temperature monitoring module further comprises a solar energy storage module for supplying power to the wireless sensor unit, wherein the solar energy storage module is arranged on the side of the wind turbine blade (100) facing the sun.

5. The fan blade de-icing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating control module (500) comprises: A main control cabinet, which is used to receive the temperature signal sent by the signal receiving unit, perform calculation processing and output a control signal; A power cabinet connected to the heating element (600) via a cable and used to output power from the power cabinet to the heating element (600) of each fan blade (100); The blade control cabinet is electrically connected to the main control cabinet and the power cabinet. The blade control cabinet is used to receive the control signal after operation and processing sent by the main control cabinet, and control the power cabinet to work according to the control signal.

6. The fan blade de-icing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind turbine blade de-icing system further includes a lightning protection module, which includes: A guide strip, arranged on the outer surface of the fan blade (100), the guide strip being made of insulating material and having a discharge channel; A primary main power supply lightning protection device is arranged in the inner cavity of the fan blade (100) and is used to provide lightning protection for the fan blade (100); A lightning strike monitoring component, arranged inside the fan blade (100) and used to monitor the lightning strike status of the fan blade (100); The secondary control power supply lightning protection is arranged on the tower base (300) and is used to provide lightning protection for the heating control module (500).

7. The fan blade de-icing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer surface of the fan blade (100) is provided with a mounting groove, the inner peripheral wall of the mounting groove is coated with an adhesion promoter, the guide strip is embedded in the mounting groove, and the guide strip and the inner peripheral wall of the mounting groove are sealed and bonded.

8. A wind power generation device, characterized in that: It comprises a wind turbine blade de-icing system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A method for controlling ice melting of fan blades, characterized in that: Applied to the fan blade de-icing system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the fan blade de-icing control method comprises the steps of: Acquiring a first current ambient temperature and a current humidity of the fan blade (100); When the first current ambient temperature is lower than a first preset temperature and the current humidity is higher than a preset humidity, controlling the heating element (600) to start heating at a preset power; In the process of the heating element (600) heating the PS surface portion and the blade leading edge portion of the fan blade (100), obtaining in real time a second current ambient temperature of the fan blade (100); When the second current ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature, the heating element (600) is controlled to stop heating.

10. The fan blade de-icing control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fan blade de-icing control method further comprises the steps of: During the process of the heating element (600) heating the PS surface portion and the blade leading edge portion of the fan blade (100), respectively obtaining in real time a first temperature of the PS surface portion and a second temperature of the blade leading edge portion; The heating parameters of the heating element (600) are correspondingly adjusted according to the first temperature and the second temperature.

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