Intelligent temperature control solid hydrogen storage device based on aerosol cooling

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid hydrogen storage, and discloses an intelligent temperature control solid hydrogen storage device based on aerosol cooling, a plurality of first cooling medium cavities exist between a shell and a hydrogen storage container, and the interior of the hydrogen storage container is longitudinally divided into a plurality of hydrogen storage areas; and the position of the first cooling medium cavity corresponds to the position of the hydrogen storage region, so that the solid hydrogen storage device can be cooled in different regions, and the temperature of each hydrogen storage region can be independently controlled, so that the cooling or heating process of the device is more accurate, and the thermal management performance of the hydrogen charging and discharging process can be remarkably improved; and the cooling efficiency of the device can be improved, and energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid-state hydrogen storage, and in particular to an intelligent temperature-controlled solid-state hydrogen storage device based on aerosol cooling. Background Art

[0002] For solid-state hydrogen storage devices, traditional cooling methods are mainly liquid cooling or air cooling. However, the water utilization rate of the liquid cooling system is low, and there is a large amount of cooling water loss. On the one hand, this leads to a waste of cooling water resources and increased energy consumption, and on the other hand, it leads to low cooling efficiency. The air cooling system is insufficient in the accuracy and flexibility of temperature control, and it is difficult to cope with the dynamic changes in heat generated when hydrogen is released, especially when the ambient temperature changes greatly or the hydrogen release rate is high. The many defects listed above limit the working efficiency and scope of use of solid-state hydrogen storage devices to a certain extent. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides an intelligent temperature-controlled solid-state hydrogen storage device based on aerosol cooling to solve the problems of low cooling efficiency, poor temperature control accuracy and high energy consumption of solid-state hydrogen storage devices in related technologies.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a solid-state hydrogen storage device, comprising a housing and a hydrogen storage container disposed inside the housing; wherein:

[0005] There are a plurality of first cooling medium cavities between the shell and the hydrogen storage container;

[0006] At least one first cooling medium release device is provided on the inner wall of each of the first cooling medium cavities;

[0007] The interior of the hydrogen storage container is longitudinally divided into a plurality of hydrogen storage areas, and solid hydrogen storage materials are arranged in the hydrogen storage areas;

[0008] The first cooling medium cavity is arranged corresponding to the hydrogen storage area.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, a second cooling medium cavity is further provided at the center of the hydrogen storage container;

[0010] The outer wall of the second cooling medium cavity is in contact with each of the hydrogen storage areas;

[0011] At least one second cooling medium releasing device is arranged on the top of the second cooling medium cavity.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, a collective switch is provided at the bottom of the shell, and the collective switch is used to control the communication between each of the first cooling medium cavities and the second cooling medium cavity.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage device further includes a cooling medium storage container;

[0014] The cooling medium storage container is arranged above the shell;

[0015] The cooling medium storage container is in communication with each of the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device, and is used to provide cooling medium or cooling medium precursor to each of the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, a heating device is provided in the cooling medium storage container.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device are both aerosol generators for releasing aerosol into the first cooling medium cavity and / or the second cooling medium cavity.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of temperature sensors are provided on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage container, and the temperature sensors are used to detect the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container; wherein,

[0019] At least one temperature sensor is correspondingly arranged in each hydrogen storage area.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage device further includes a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the first cooling medium release device, the second cooling medium release device, the heating device, the collective switch, and the temperature sensor, respectively.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the controller is capable of obtaining the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container detected by the temperature sensor, and when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is higher or lower than a preset temperature, controlling the heating device, the first cooling medium releasing device, the second cooling medium releasing device or the collective switch to turn on or off.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, when the solid-state hydrogen storage device is in a hydrogen release state, the controller controls the heating device to turn on, heats the cooling medium or cooling medium precursor in the cooling medium storage container to a first preset temperature, and controls the second cooling medium release device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is lower than the second preset temperature, the controller controls the first cooling medium release device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is lower than the third preset temperature, the controller controls the collective switch to turn on, so that the first cooling medium cavity and the second cooling medium cavity are connected;

[0023] And / or, when the solid-state hydrogen storage device is in a hydrogen charging state, the controller controls the heating device to be turned off, and controls the second cooling medium release device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is higher than a fourth preset temperature, the controller controls the first cooling medium release device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is higher than a fifth preset temperature, the controller controls the collective switch to be turned on, so that the first cooling medium cavity and the second cooling medium cavity are connected;

[0024] Optionally, when the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device are aerosol generators, the controller can adjust the droplet size and / or injection frequency of the aerosol when controlling the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device to release the cooling medium.

[0025] The above technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) In the solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by the present invention, there are multiple first cooling medium cavities between the shell and the hydrogen storage container, the interior of the hydrogen storage container is longitudinally divided into multiple hydrogen storage areas, and the positions of the first cooling medium cavities are arranged corresponding to the positions of the hydrogen storage areas. Therefore, the solid-state hydrogen storage device can perform zone cooling and independently control the temperature of each hydrogen storage area, so that the cooling or heating process of the device is more precise, which can significantly improve the thermal management performance of the hydrogen charging and dehydrogenation processes, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the device and reducing energy consumption.

[0027] (2) In the solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by the present invention, a second cooling medium cavity is further provided at the center of the hydrogen storage container. The first cooling medium cavity and the second cooling medium cavity cooperate with each other to further improve the thermal management performance of the device, improve the cooling efficiency of the device and reduce energy consumption.

[0028] (3) In the solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by the present invention, a collective switch is provided at the bottom of the shell for controlling the connection between each first cooling medium cavity and the second cooling medium cavity, so that the cooling medium can circulate between the first cooling medium cavity and the second cooling medium cavity, which helps to improve the heat conduction effect and further improve the heating efficiency or cooling efficiency of the device.

[0029] (4) The solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by the present invention has a cooling medium storage container disposed above the shell, so that the device is an integral whole, which is easy to move and carry, and provides a new solution for the development of portable, mobile and miniaturized hydrogen storage systems.

[0030] (5) The solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by the present invention, the first cooling medium release device and the second cooling medium release device are both aerosol generators, using aerosol as the cooling medium, and taking advantage of the property of aerosol that can be suspended for a long time, so that the cooling water will not be lost quickly, greatly improving the utilization rate of the coolant and greatly reducing the temperature control energy consumption. Especially in a high humidity environment, the aerosol can form a stable water vapor cloud around the device, further enhancing the heat conduction efficiency.

[0031] (6) The solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by the present invention is also provided with a controller, which can realize intelligent temperature control of the device. The zoned cooling system is combined with the intelligent temperature control module to realize independent control of each hydrogen storage area, making the cooling or heating process more precise, effectively solving the problems of uneven heat dissipation and low cooling efficiency of traditional hydrogen storage devices, and greatly improving the stability and safety of the hydrogen storage device.

[0032] (7) The present invention proposes a partitioned intelligent temperature-controlled solid-state hydrogen storage device based on aerosol cooling, which can dynamically adjust the spray droplet parameters to adapt to the thermal management requirements of the hydrogen storage device under different working conditions, thereby improving the hydrogen release efficiency, enhancing the system stability, and reducing the coolant loss and energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A front view of a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A bottom view of a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 A top view of a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Shell; 2. Hydrogen storage container; 3. First cooling medium cavity; 4. First cooling medium release device; 5. Hydrogen storage area; 6. Second cooling medium cavity; 7. Second cooling medium release device; 8. Collective switch; 9. Cooling medium storage container; 10. Heating device; 11. Temperature sensor; 12. Internal and external circulation flow channels; 13. Hydrogen inlet and outlet; 14. Cooling medium inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the best mode of implementation, nor to limit the content and protection scope of the present invention. Any product identical or similar to the present invention obtained by anyone under the inspiration of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior arts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] If no specific experimental steps or conditions are specified in the examples, the conventional experimental steps or conditions described in the literature in the field can be used. If no manufacturer is specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional reagent products that can be obtained commercially.

[0041] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. These embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0042] Figure 1 A front view of a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 A bottom view of a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 A top view of a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a shell 1 and a hydrogen storage container 2 arranged inside the shell 1. There are multiple first cooling medium cavities 3 between the shell 1 and the hydrogen storage container 2. At least one first cooling medium release device 4 is arranged on the inner wall of each first cooling medium cavity 3. The interior of the hydrogen storage container 2 is longitudinally divided into multiple hydrogen storage areas 5, and solid hydrogen storage materials are arranged in the hydrogen storage areas 5. The first cooling medium cavity 3 is arranged corresponding to the hydrogen storage area 5.

[0044] Exemplarily, the shell 1 may be in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and its material may be metal, which mainly plays the function of overall support and sealing. There are four first cooling medium cavities 3 between the shell 1 and the hydrogen storage container 2, and a first cooling medium release device 4 (#1P, #2P, #3P, #4P) is provided on the inner wall of each first cooling medium cavity 3. The hydrogen storage container 2 may be spherical. The interior of the hydrogen storage container 2 is longitudinally divided into four hydrogen storage areas 5 (#1C, #2C, #3C, #4C). The four first cooling medium release devices 4 are respectively arranged corresponding to the four hydrogen storage areas 5. The outlet of the first cooling medium release device 4 is directly facing the hydrogen storage area 5 to ensure that the released cooling medium can quickly cover the corresponding area.

[0045] A second cooling medium cavity 6 is also provided at the center of the hydrogen storage container 2 ; the outer wall of the second cooling medium cavity 6 is in contact with each hydrogen storage area 5 ; and at least one second cooling medium release device 7 is provided at the top of the second cooling medium cavity 6 .

[0046] Exemplarily, the second cooling medium cavity 6 is a spherical space arranged at the center of the hydrogen storage container 2, which is used to further adjust the temperature of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage container 2. A second cooling medium release device 7 (#5P) is installed on the top of the second cooling medium cavity 6, which is used to uniformly spray the cooling medium into the inner cavity to achieve temperature control of the core area.

[0047] A collective switch 8 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1 , and the collective switch 8 is used to control the communication between each first cooling medium cavity 3 and the second cooling medium cavity 6 .

[0048] Exemplarily, the collective switch 8 is a four-in-one switch, which can achieve communication between any one of the first cooling medium cavities 3 and the second cooling medium cavity 6 under certain conditions, so that the cooling medium can circulate inside and outside the hydrogen storage container 2 to improve the heat conduction effect. A flow channel interface connected to the four-in-one switch (collective switch 8) is provided at the bottom of the second cooling medium cavity 6, and is connected to the four-in-one switch (collective switch 8) through the flow channel interface through the internal and external circulation flow channel 12 that passes through the hydrogen storage area 5.

[0049] The solid-state hydrogen storage device further includes a cooling medium storage container 9; the cooling medium storage container 9 is arranged above the housing 1; the cooling medium storage container 9 is connected to each of the first cooling medium release devices 4 and the second cooling medium release devices 7, and is used to provide cooling medium or cooling medium precursor to each of the first cooling medium release devices 4 and the second cooling medium release devices 7. A heating device 10 is arranged in the cooling medium storage container 9.

[0050] Exemplarily, the cooling medium storage container 9 can be a water tank for storing coolant. The heating device 10 can be a heating wire. When the hydrogen storage device is in a hydrogen release state, the heating wire is activated to heat the coolant to a set temperature (e.g., 50°C) to generate a higher temperature aerosol, supplying the heat required by the hydrogen storage material to maintain the hydrogen release rate. In the hydrogen charging state, the coolant in the water tank does not need to be heated, and the aerosol is directly sprayed to take away excess heat, thereby ensuring the safety of the hydrogen storage material and the hydrogen charging rate.

[0051] The solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in this embodiment is an intelligent temperature-controlled solid-state hydrogen storage device based on aerosol cooling, wherein the first cooling medium release device 4 and the second cooling medium release device 7 involved are both aerosol generators for releasing aerosols into the first cooling medium cavity 3 and / or the second cooling medium cavity 6.

[0052] A plurality of temperature sensors 11 are disposed on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage container 2 , and the temperature sensors 11 are used to detect the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 ; wherein at least one temperature sensor 11 is correspondingly disposed for each hydrogen storage area 5 .

[0053] Exemplarily, the temperature sensor 11 may be a thermistor, specifically a NTC B3435 10K thermistor, for temperature monitoring. The number of thermistors may be four (#1N, #2N, #3N, #4N), corresponding to four hydrogen storage areas 5 (#1C, #2C, #3C, #4C), respectively. The thermistor is tightly attached to the outer wall of the hydrogen storage container 2 under the protection of the film head, ensuring close contact between the two to ensure the accuracy and rapid response of temperature monitoring.

[0054] In order to achieve the purpose of intelligent temperature control, the solid-state hydrogen storage device of this embodiment also includes a controller (not shown in the figure), which is electrically connected to the first cooling medium release device 4, the second cooling medium release device 7, the heating device 10, the collective switch 8 and the temperature sensor 11 respectively.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, the controller is capable of obtaining the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 detected by the temperature sensor 11, and when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 is higher or lower than a preset temperature, controlling the heating device 10, the first cooling medium release device 4, the second cooling medium release device 7 or the collective switch 8 to turn on or off.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, when the solid-state hydrogen storage device is in a hydrogen release state, the controller controls the heating device 10 to turn on, heats the cooling medium or cooling medium precursor in the cooling medium storage container 9 to a first preset temperature, and controls the second cooling medium release device 7 to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 is lower than the second preset temperature, the controller controls the first cooling medium release device 4 to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 is lower than the third preset temperature, the controller controls the collective switch 8 to turn on, so that the first cooling medium cavity 3 and the second cooling medium cavity 6 are connected.

[0057] When the solid-state hydrogen storage device is in a hydrogen charging state, the controller controls the heating device 10 to turn off, and controls the second cooling medium releasing device 7 to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 is higher than the fourth preset temperature, the controller controls the first cooling medium releasing device 4 to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container 2 is higher than the fifth preset temperature, the controller controls the collective switch 8 to turn on, so that the first cooling medium cavity 3 and the second cooling medium cavity 6 are connected.

[0058] In addition, when the first cooling medium releasing device 4 and the second cooling medium releasing device 7 are aerosol generators, the controller can adjust the droplet size and / or injection frequency of the aerosol when controlling the first cooling medium releasing device 4 and the second cooling medium releasing device 7 to release the cooling medium.

[0059] For example, in the solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in this embodiment, the four aerosol generators located in the first cooling medium cavity and the aerosol generator located in the center of the second cooling medium cavity are all intelligently controlled by the controller, and one working process may be as follows:

[0060] (1) Particle size adjustment: The aerosol generator can adjust the particle size of the droplets according to the instructions of the controller. Aerosol droplets with smaller particle sizes evaporate quickly and are suitable for rapid cooling; while droplets with larger particle sizes are suitable for maintaining long-term heat exchange;

[0061] (2) Intelligent injection frequency control: When the temperature of the hydrogen storage material is detected to rise or fall to a predetermined value, the controller controls the aerosol generator in a specific area to start spraying and adjust the cooling or heating intensity by analyzing the data of the thermistor.

[0062] For example, in the solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in this embodiment, one control process of the four-in-one switch (collective switch) may be as follows:

[0063] At the bottom of the hydrogen storage device, the four-in-one switch connects the four first cooling medium cavities and the central second cooling medium cavity through five flow channels. The controller uses the temperature sensor to determine whether the internal temperature has reached the set threshold. If the aerosol system fails to meet the cooling or heating requirements, the four-in-one switch will automatically open the flow channel in the corresponding area to form an internal and external circulation to improve the heat transfer efficiency.

[0064] Exemplarily, one of the working processes of the solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in this embodiment may be as follows:

[0065] Hydrogen charging process: In the initial state, the coolant in the water tank is not heated, and the central nozzle (#5P) sprays cooling aerosol into the central spherical space to take away the heat generated by the hydrogen storage material's hydrogen charging reaction. When the temperature exceeds 35°C, the controller turns on the aerosol generator (such as #1P) in the corresponding area to increase the local cooling intensity, while keeping the four-in-one switch closed to prevent excessive loss of coolant. If the hydrogen charging rate is relatively high and the temperature further rises to more than 45°C, the four-in-one switch corresponding to the hydrogen storage area above 45°C is turned on to form an internal and external circulation to enhance cooling efficiency.

[0066] Hydrogen release process: In the initial state, the controller controls the heating wire to heat the coolant in the water tank to 50°C, and the central nozzle (#5P) sprays heated aerosol into the central spherical space to transfer the heat required for the hydrogen release reaction to the hydrogen storage material. When the temperature is detected to be lower than 15°C, the controller turns on the aerosol generator (such as #1P) in the corresponding area to enhance the local heat exchange efficiency, help increase the temperature of the hydrogen storage material, and promote hydrogen release. If the temperature continues to drop below 5°C, the controller turns on the four-in-one switch in the corresponding area to circulate inside and outside to increase the heat exchange efficiency and ensure that the temperature returns to the normal range.

[0067] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A solid-state hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: The solid-state hydrogen storage device comprises a shell and a hydrogen storage container arranged inside the shell; wherein, There are a plurality of first cooling medium cavities between the shell and the hydrogen storage container; At least one first cooling medium release device is provided on the inner wall of each of the first cooling medium cavities; The interior of the hydrogen storage container is longitudinally divided into a plurality of hydrogen storage areas, and solid hydrogen storage materials are arranged in the hydrogen storage areas; The first cooling medium cavity is arranged corresponding to the hydrogen storage area.

2. The solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second cooling medium cavity is also provided at the center of the hydrogen storage container; The outer wall of the second cooling medium cavity is in contact with each of the hydrogen storage areas; At least one second cooling medium releasing device is arranged on the top of the second cooling medium cavity.

3. The solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A collective switch is disposed at the bottom of the shell, and the collective switch is used to control each of the first cooling medium cavities to be connected with the second cooling medium cavity.

4. The solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-state hydrogen storage device also includes a cooling medium storage container; The cooling medium storage container is arranged above the shell; The cooling medium storage container is in communication with each of the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device, and is used to provide cooling medium or cooling medium precursor to each of the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device.

5. The solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling medium storage container is provided with a heating device.

6. The solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device are both aerosol generators, which are used to release aerosol into the first cooling medium cavity and / or the second cooling medium cavity.

7. The solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of temperature sensors are arranged on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage container, and the temperature sensors are used to detect the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container; wherein, At least one temperature sensor is correspondingly arranged in each hydrogen storage area.

8. The solid-state hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The solid-state hydrogen storage device also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the first cooling medium release device, the second cooling medium release device, the heating device, the collective switch and the temperature sensor respectively.

9. The solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The controller can obtain the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container detected by the temperature sensor, and control the heating device, the first cooling medium releasing device, the second cooling medium releasing device or the collective switch to turn on or off when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is higher or lower than a preset temperature.

10. The solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the solid-state hydrogen storage device is in a hydrogen release state, the controller controls the heating device to turn on, heats the cooling medium or cooling medium precursor in the cooling medium storage container to a first preset temperature, and controls the second cooling medium release device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is lower than the second preset temperature, the controller controls the first cooling medium release device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is lower than the third preset temperature, the controller controls the collective switch to turn on, so that the first cooling medium cavity and the second cooling medium cavity are connected; And / or, when the solid-state hydrogen storage device is in a hydrogen charging state, the controller controls the heating device to be turned off, and controls the second cooling medium release device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is higher than a fourth preset temperature, the controller controls the first cooling medium release device to release the cooling medium; when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage container is higher than a fifth preset temperature, the controller controls the collective switch to be turned on, so that the first cooling medium cavity and the second cooling medium cavity are connected; Optionally, when the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device are aerosol generators, the controller can adjust the droplet size and / or injection frequency of the aerosol when controlling the first cooling medium releasing device and the second cooling medium releasing device to release the cooling medium.

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