Pressurized water reactor liquid level measuring system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a pressurized water reactor liquid level measuring system and method. Comprising a reference assembly, a measuring assembly and a signal assembly, the reference assembly and the measuring assembly are connected with the signal assembly, and the reference assembly and the measuring assembly are both in contact with a to-be-measured medium in the pressurized water reactor; the reference assembly is in contact with a liquid section of a to-be-measured medium and is used for measuring a reference electric signal of the to-be-measured medium; the measuring assembly is in contact with the gas-liquid two-phase section of the to-be-measured medium and is used for measuring a measuring electric signal of the to-be-measured medium; and the signal assembly is used for determining the liquid level of the to-be-measured medium in the pressurized water reactor based on the reference electric signal and the measurement electric signal. By adopting the pressurized water reactor liquid level measuring system provided by the invention, the accuracy of measuring the liquid level of the to-be-measured medium can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of nuclear power technology, and in particular to a pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement system and method. Background Art

[0002] When simulating a loss of coolant accident in a PWR in the PWR integral effect experiment, detecting the liquid level parameters of the pressure vessel and the core simulation body is of great significance for studying the safe operation of the PWR and its response under accidents, as well as the development and confirmation of safety analysis software.

[0003] Normally, the pressure difference method can be used to measure the liquid level of the pressure vessel and the core simulation body. However, if the coolant is lost, the liquid level in the pressure vessel will gradually decrease and even the heating rod will be exposed. At this time, the pressure vessel is in a high-temperature and high-pressure two-phase state, and the temperature and flow state in the core simulation body are different in the circumferential distribution. In this case, the pressure difference method cannot be used to accurately obtain the liquid level of the pressure vessel and the core simulation body, resulting in low accuracy in the measurement of the liquid level. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement system and method that can accurately measure the liquid level of the medium to be measured in order to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement system, including a reference component, a measurement component and a signal component, wherein the reference component and the measurement component are respectively connected to the signal component:

[0006] The reference component and the measuring component are both in contact with the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor;

[0007] The reference component is in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured, and is used to measure and obtain a reference electrical signal of the medium to be measured;

[0008] The measuring component is in contact with the gas-liquid two-phase section of the medium to be measured, and is used to measure and obtain a measuring electrical signal of the medium to be measured;

[0009] The signal component is used to determine the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor based on the reference electrical signal and the measurement electrical signal.

[0010] In one embodiment, the measuring assembly includes a sealing assembly, a conductivity assembly and a water cooling assembly;

[0011] The sealing component is used to fix the conductivity component on the container containing the medium to be measured;

[0012] The water cooling component is used to cool down the medium to be tested when the temperature of the medium to be tested exceeds a threshold value;

[0013] The conductivity component is used to measure and obtain a measurement electrical signal of the medium to be measured when the water cooling component cools the medium to be measured from the container.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the fixed position of the conductive component is on the shell of the container, and the sealing component includes: a sealing head, a sealing head nut and a shell sealing gasket;

[0015] The sealing head is connected to the shell, and the sealing head is also connected to the sealing head nut through a thread; the sealing head and the sealing head nut are both provided with sealing surfaces, and the sealing head and the sealing head nut are also respectively connected to the shell sealing gasket through sealing surfaces.

[0016] In one embodiment, the conductive assembly includes: a central conductor, a casing, an insulating tube, a locking structure, an upper insulating structure, an upper supporting structure, a conductor supporting structure, and a lower supporting structure;

[0017] The central conductor is coaxially arranged with the enclosure, the insulating tube, the locking structure and the conductor support structure are located outside the central conductor, and the locking structure is located on the upper insulating structure;

[0018] The upper support structure and the lower support structure are located in the cladding, the bottom surface of the upper support structure is flush with the inner wall surface of the cladding, and the upper support structure and the upper insulating structure are provided with water flow holes; the lower support structure is in contact with the gas-liquid two-phase section of the medium to be measured;

[0019] In one of the embodiments, the conductive assembly further comprises a connecting post, a spring, a tensioning stud and a lower insulating structure;

[0020] The connecting column is connected to the central conductor, and is also connected to the tensioning stud via threads; the lower insulating structure is fitted to the lower supporting structure via the spring.

[0021] In one embodiment, the center conductor is connected to the signal component via a positive cable, and the enclosure is connected to the signal component via a negative cable.

[0022] In one of the embodiments, the water cooling assembly includes: a water cooling assembly sealing head, a center conductor sealing gasket and a water cooling assembly sealing head nut;

[0023] The water cooling component sealing head is connected to the cladding shell, and the water cooling component sealing head is also connected to the water cooling component sealing head nut through a thread;

[0024] The water-cooling component sealing head and the water-cooling component sealing head nut are both provided with sealing surfaces, and the water-cooling component sealing head and the water-cooling component sealing head nut are respectively in contact with the central conductor sealing gasket through the sealing surfaces.

[0025] In one of the embodiments, the measuring assembly further comprises an upper conductor insulating tube disposed at an upper end of the central conductor.

[0026] In one embodiment, the reference component and the measurement component have the same structure.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for measuring the liquid level of a pressurized water reactor, which is applied to the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, and the method comprises: when the reference component is in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured, obtaining a reference electrical signal of the medium to be measured measured by the reference component; when the measuring component is in contact with the gas-liquid two-phase segment of the medium to be measured, obtaining a measurement electrical signal of the medium to be measured measured by the measuring component; and determining the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor based on the reference electrical signal and the measurement electrical signal.

[0028] The above-mentioned pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement system and method, by setting the reference component and the measuring component to contact the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor, even when the environment of the container containing the medium to be measured is a high temperature and high pressure environment, and the medium to be measured is in a gas-liquid two-phase state, the influence of the electrical conductivity of steam on the liquid level can be ignored, and the influence of the electrical conductivity of water on the liquid level can be considered. Therefore, when the reference component is in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured, the liquid level of the medium to be measured can be converted into a relationship between a reference electrical signal measured by the reference component and a measurement electrical signal measured by the measurement component. Therefore, on the basis of solving the problem that the liquid phase electrical conductivity changes with the medium characteristics, the accuracy of the liquid level measurement can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement system in one embodiment;

[0031] Figure 2 An interactive schematic diagram of a pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement system in one embodiment;

[0032] Figure 3is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a measurement component in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a measuring component in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a structure view of a housing, a center conductor, and a conductor support structure in one embodiment;

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a tensioning assembly in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reference component in an embodiment;

[0038] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a process for measuring a liquid level of a pressurized water reactor in one embodiment;

[0039] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the structure of a pressurized water reactor liquid level measuring device in one embodiment.

[0040] Reference numerals:

[0041] 102-reference assembly; 104-measurement assembly; 106-signal assembly; 120-sealing head; 130-sealing head nut; 140-shell sealing gasket; 210-center conductor; 220 shell; 230-insulating tube; 240-locking structure; 250-upper insulating structure; 260-upper supporting structure; 270-conductor supporting structure; 280-lower supporting structure; 290-tensioning assembly; 310-water cooling assembly sealing head; 320-center conductor sealing gasket; 330-water cooling assembly sealing head nut; 340-water inlet pipe; 350-water outlet pipe; 400-upper conductor insulating tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0043] In one embodiment, Figure 1As shown, a pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement system 100 is provided, wherein the pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement system 100 includes a reference component 102, a measurement component 104 and a signal component 106, and the reference component 102 and the measurement component 104 are respectively connected to the signal component 106. The reference component 102 and the measurement component 104 are both in contact with the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor, specifically:

[0044] The reference component 102 is in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured, and is used to measure and obtain the reference electrical signal of the medium to be measured; the measuring component 104 is in contact with the gas-liquid two-phase segment of the medium to be measured, and is used to measure and obtain the measurement electrical signal of the medium to be measured; the signal component 106 is used to determine the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor based on the reference electrical signal and the measurement electrical signal. Therefore, by setting the reference component and the measurement component to contact the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor, even if the environment of the container containing the medium to be measured is a high temperature and high pressure environment, and the medium to be measured is in a gas-liquid two-phase state, the influence of the electrical conductivity of steam on the liquid level can be ignored, and the influence of the electrical conductivity of water on the liquid level can be considered. Therefore, when the reference component is in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured, the liquid level of the medium to be measured can be converted into the relationship between the reference electrical signal measured by the reference component and the measurement electrical signal measured by the measurement component, thereby, on the basis of solving the problem that the liquid phase electrical conductivity changes with the medium characteristics, the accuracy of liquid level measurement can be improved.

[0045] There is no limitation on the manner of determining the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor based on the reference electrical signal and the measured electrical signal, and the following is an example of possible implementation manners.

[0046] In one embodiment, when the electrical signal is represented by current, the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor can be determined based on the correlation between the reference electrical signal, the measured electrical signal, the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor, and the length of the reference component when in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured.

[0047] Specifically, the correlation relationship between the reference electrical signal, the measurement electrical signal, the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor, and the length of the reference component when in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured satisfies: the product of the reference electrical signal, the length of the reference component when in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured, and the reference electrical signal is the same as the product of the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor and the measurement electrical signal.

[0048] For example, I1 represents the measured electrical signal, H1 represents the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the PWR, I2 represents the reference electrical signal, and H1 represents the length of the reference component in contact with the liquid section of the medium to be measured. .

[0049] It should be understood that since both the reference component and the measuring component are in contact with the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor, when the medium to be measured is in a gas-liquid two-phase state, the influence of the electrical conductivity of steam on the liquid level can be ignored, and the influence of the electrical conductivity of water on the liquid level can be considered. That is, when the reference component and the measuring component measure the medium to be measured, the influence of the electrical conductivity of water on the liquid level is consistent. Therefore, the liquid level of the medium to be measured can be converted into a reference electrical signal based on the relationship between the reference electrical signal measured by the reference component and the measurement electrical signal measured by the measurement component. That is, when the length of the reference component in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured is constant, the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor can be determined based on the correlation between the reference electrical signal, the measurement electrical signal, the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor, and the length of the reference component in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured.

[0050] exist Figure 1 Based on the above, in one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the PWR liquid level measurement system 100 can also communicate with the computer device 200. Specifically, the signal component 106 converts the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the PWR into a signal and transmits it to the computer device 200, so that the computer device 200 can display, store and / or display the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the PWR.

[0051] The structure of the computer device 200 is not limited, for example, Figure 3As shown, a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device is provided, and the computer device can be a terminal. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface, a communication interface, a display unit and an input device. The processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface, the display unit and the input device are connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be realized through WIFI, a mobile cellular network, near field communication (NFC) or other technologies. The display unit of the computer device is used to form a visually visible picture, which can display the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor, and the display unit can be a display screen, a projection device or a virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a button, trackball or touchpad set on the computer device shell, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse.

[0052] In some embodiments, the reference component 102 and the measurement component 104 are connected to the signal component 106 in any manner. For example, the reference component 102 and the measurement component 104 can be connected to the signal component 106 via a cable.

[0053] In some embodiments, the structures of the reference component 102 and the measuring component 104 may be the same or different, as long as the reference component can measure the reference electrical signal of the medium to be measured when it contacts the liquid segment of the medium to be measured, and the measuring component can measure the measurement electrical signal of the medium to be measured when it contacts the gas-liquid two-phase segment of the medium to be measured.

[0054] In one embodiment, Figure 4As shown, the measuring component 104 includes a sealing component 1041, a water cooling component 1042, and a conductivity component 1043. Specifically, the sealing component 1041 is used to fix the conductivity component 1043 on a container containing the medium to be measured; the water cooling component 1042 is used to cool the medium to be measured when the temperature of the medium to be measured exceeds a threshold; the conductivity component 1043 is used to measure the measurement electrical signal of the medium to be measured when the water cooling component 1042 cools the medium to be measured from the container. Thus, by cooling the medium to be measured, it is prevented that the high-temperature medium to be measured destroys the environment of the medium to be measured that is similar between the reference component and the component to be measured, so that the liquid level of the medium to be measured is accurately measured based on the measurement electrical signal measured by the measuring component, with the reference electrical signal measured by the reference component as a reference, while ensuring that the environment of the medium to be measured is similar between the reference component and the component to be measured.

[0055] The position where the conductivity component is fixed on the container containing the medium to be measured is not limited, as long as the conductivity component can measure the electrical signal of the medium to be measured from the container. For example, when the container is a pressure vessel in a pressurized water reactor, the conductivity component can be fixed at any position of the pressure vessel; when the container is a core simulation body of a pressurized water reactor, the conductivity component can be fixed on the pipe shell of the core simulation body.

[0056] In one embodiment, the sealing component 1041, the water cooling component 1042, and the electrical conductive component 1043 are integrated into an integrated structure for easy assembly and disassembly.

[0057] The structure of the sealing component 1041 may have various forms, as long as the purpose of fixing the conductive component 1043 to the container containing the medium to be measured can be achieved.

[0058] In one embodiment, the fixed position of the electrical conductivity component is on the shell of the container, and the sealing component 1041 includes: a sealing head, a sealing head nut and a cladding sealing gasket. Specifically, the sealing head is connected to the shell, and the sealing head is also connected to the sealing head nut through a thread. The sealing head and the sealing head nut are both provided with sealing surfaces, and the sealing head and the sealing head nut are also connected to the cladding sealing gasket through the sealing surfaces.

[0059] In some embodiments, the sealing head is connected to the shell in any manner, for example, the sealing head can be connected to the shell by welding or direct machining. The material of the cladding sealing gasket is not limited, for example, the cladding sealing gasket can be a copper gasket.

[0060] In some embodiments, threads are processed on the sealing head, so that the sealing head can be connected to the sealing head nut through threads; sealing surfaces are processed on the sealing head and the sealing head nut, so that the sealing head and the sealing head nut can achieve a sealing effect through extrusion deformation through the sealing surface and the shell sealing gasket.

[0061] The structure of the conductivity component 1043 can have various forms, as long as the purpose of measuring the electrical signal of the medium to be measured can be achieved.

[0062] In one embodiment, the conductive assembly 1043 may include: a central conductor, a shell, an insulating tube, a locking structure, an upper insulating structure, an upper supporting structure, a conductor supporting structure, and a lower supporting structure.

[0063] Specifically, the center conductor is coaxially arranged with the shell. In one embodiment, the center conductor is connected to the signal component 106 via a positive cable, and the shell is connected to the signal component 106 via a negative cable, that is, the center conductor can be connected to the signal component 106 via a positive cable as an electrode, and the shell can be connected to the signal component 106 via a negative cable as an electrode. Thus, when the medium to be measured in the container enters the shell and then enters the center conductor, a measurement electrical signal of the medium to be measured can be measured based on the circuit formed between the shell and the center cell.

[0064] In some embodiments, the material and diameter of the center conductor are not limited. For example, the center conductor can be made of a conductive material that is resistant to high temperature, high pressure, and corrosion, or can be made of stainless steel; the diameter of the center conductor should not be too thick, for example, it can be 0.5 mm to 1 mm, or other settings can be used.

[0065] In some embodiments, the material, outer diameter, and wall thickness of the cladding are not limited. For example, the cladding can be made of a conductive material that is resistant to high temperature, high pressure, and corrosion, or it can be made of stainless steel; the outer diameter of the cladding can be selected according to the installation requirements, and if conditions permit, a relatively large diameter, such as 10 mm, can be selected; the wall thickness of the cladding can be determined according to the pressure and temperature conditions that the shell can withstand.

[0066] In some embodiments, the arrangement form of the cladding in the measuring component is not limited. For example, the cladding can be in the form of a half-cut tube or a single-wire structure, so that the medium to be measured enters the measuring area of ​​the measuring component, and the measuring electrical signal of the medium to be measured is obtained based on the measurement of the measuring component, that is, the cladding is in the form of a half-cut tube or a single-wire structure, so that when the medium to be measured in the container enters the cladding and then enters the central conductor, the measuring electrical signal of the medium to be measured can be measured based on the circuit formed between the cladding and the central core.

[0067] Among them, when the sheath adopts a monofilament structure, the compact size can be applied to a small space, which can save space in the measurement component. In some cases, the sheath can also be grounded without additional insulation, and the structure is simple and reliable.

[0068] Specifically, the insulating tube, the locking structure and the conductor support structure are located outside the central conductor, and the locking structure is located on the upper insulating structure.

[0069] In some embodiments, the material and length of the insulating tube, as well as the arrangement method on the central conductor are not limited. For example, the insulating tube can be in the form of a ceramic tube, the length of the insulating tube can be determined according to the actual manufacturing process, and can be installed in sections outside the central conductor.

[0070] In some embodiments, the locking structure is not limited to the arrangement of the central conductor, for example, the locking structure can be arranged on the outside of the central conductor by welding or mechanical extrusion. The material of the upper insulating structure is not limited, for example, the upper insulating structure can be a ceramic structure.

[0071] Specifically, the upper support structure and the lower support structure are located in the cladding, the bottom surface of the upper support structure is flush with the inner wall surface of the cladding, the upper support structure and the upper insulating structure are provided with water flow holes; the lower support structure is in contact with the gas-liquid two-phase section of the medium to be measured.

[0072] In some embodiments, the upper support structure and the lower support structure are arranged in the enclosure in any manner. For example, the upper support structure and the lower support structure can be arranged in the enclosure by welding.

[0073] Among them, by opening water flow holes in the upper insulating structure and the upper supporting structure, the flow of the medium to be measured is facilitated, thereby improving the accuracy of liquid level measurement.

[0074] In some embodiments, the position where the lower support structure contacts the gas-liquid two-phase segment of the medium to be measured is not limited. For example, when the structures of the measuring component and the reference component are the same, the lower support structure of the reference component contacts the lowest position of the medium to be measured, so that the reference component is always in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured; the lower support structure of the measuring component contacts the lowest position higher than the medium to be measured, so that the measuring component contacts the gas-liquid two-phase segment of the medium to be measured.

[0075] In one embodiment, the conductive component further includes a connecting column, a spring, a tensioning stud and a lower insulating structure. The connecting column is connected to the center conductor, and the connecting column is also connected to the tensioning stud by a thread, so that by rotating the tensioning stud, the center conductor can be tensioned through the connecting column to ensure that the center conductor and the cladding are coaxial. The lower insulating structure is fitted with the lower supporting structure through the spring, so that the lower insulating structure can fit with the lower supporting structure under the action of the compression force of the spring, and the spring is deformed by the extrusion force of the tensioning stud, which can effectively ensure that when the temperature of the medium to be measured changes, the center conductor is in a tensioned state. Therefore, by setting the tensioning component, the parallelism between the center conductor and the cladding can be guaranteed, the problem of thermal expansion and contraction during the temperature change of the medium to be measured can be solved, and the accuracy of liquid level measurement can be improved.

[0076] There is no limit to the connection method between the connecting column and the central conductor, for example, the connecting column and the central conductor can be connected by welding or mechanical structure. There is no limit to the material of the lower insulating structure, for example, the lower insulating structure can be a ceramic structure.

[0077] In one embodiment, the water-cooling assembly 1042 may include: a water-cooling assembly sealing head, a center conductor sealing gasket, and a water-cooling assembly sealing head nut. Specifically, the water-cooling assembly sealing head is connected to the cladding, and the water-cooling assembly sealing head is also connected to the water-cooling assembly sealing head nut through a thread; the water-cooling assembly sealing head and the water-cooling assembly sealing head nut are both provided with sealing surfaces, and the water-cooling assembly sealing head and the water-cooling assembly sealing head nut are respectively in contact with the center conductor sealing gasket through the sealing surfaces, so that the water-cooling assembly sealing head and the water-cooling assembly sealing head nut and the center conductor sealing gasket can achieve a sealing effect through extrusion deformation.

[0078] There is no limit to the connection method between the water cooling component sealing head and the cladding, for example, the water cooling component sealing head can be connected to the cladding by welding or direct machining. There is no limit to the material of the center conductor sealing gasket, for example, the center conductor sealing gasket can be a non-metallic gasket, such as a polytetrafluoroethylene gasket.

[0079] In one embodiment, the water cooling component 1042 may also include a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe. Specifically, it can be determined whether to open the water pipe and the water outlet pipe according to the temperature of the medium to be measured. For example, when the temperature of the medium to be measured is higher than the upper limit of the service temperature of the center conductor sealing gasket, the water pipe and the water outlet pipe are opened to cool the center conductor sealing gasket with water, and then the temperature of the medium to be measured is cooled based on the center conductor sealing gasket, thereby preventing the high-temperature medium to be measured from destroying the environment of the medium to be measured that is similar between the reference component and the component to be measured, so that the liquid level of the medium to be measured can be accurately measured based on the measurement electrical signal measured by the measurement component and the reference electrical signal measured by the reference component while ensuring the environment of the medium to be measured that is similar between the reference component and the component to be measured.

[0080] In one embodiment, the measuring assembly also includes an upper wire insulation tube arranged at the upper end of the center wire. Thus, by arranging the upper wire insulation tube at the lead-out position of the upper end of the center wire, the center wire can be prevented from contacting the sealing head nut of the water cooling assembly, thereby avoiding a short circuit in the circuit formed between the center wire and the shell, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the liquid level measurement process.

[0081] In combination with the above content, taking the fixed position of the conductive component 1043 being located on the shell of the container as an example, in one embodiment, Figure 5, a schematic diagram of the structure of a measuring assembly is provided. The measuring assembly 104 includes a sealing head 120, a sealing head nut 130, a shell sealing gasket 140, a center conductor 210, a shell 220, an insulating tube 230, a locking structure 240, an upper insulating structure 250, an upper supporting structure 260, a conductor supporting structure 270, a lower supporting structure 280, a tensioning assembly 290, a water cooling assembly sealing head 310, a center conductor sealing gasket 320, a water cooling assembly sealing head nut 330, a water inlet pipe 340, a water outlet pipe 350, and an upper conductor insulating tube 400.

[0082] The sealing assembly 1041 may include a sealing head 120, a sealing head nut 130, and a cladding sealing gasket 140. The sealing head 120 may be connected to the housing 110 by welding or direct machining; the sealing head 120 is processed with threads, and the sealing head 120 may also be connected to the sealing head nut 130 by threads; the sealing head 120 and the sealing head nut 130 are both processed with sealing surfaces, and the sealing head 120 and the sealing head nut 130 may achieve a sealing effect through extrusion deformation with the cladding sealing gasket 140 through the sealing surface, and the cladding sealing gasket 140 is usually made of a copper gasket.

[0083] Among them, the conductive component 1043 may include a central conductor 210, a shell 220, an insulating tube 230, a locking structure 240, an upper insulating structure 250, an upper supporting structure 260, a conductor supporting structure 270, a lower supporting structure 280, and a tensioning component 290.

[0084] The center conductor 210 can be made of a conductive material that is resistant to high temperature, high pressure and corrosion, or it can be made of stainless steel; the diameter of the center conductor 210 should not be too thick, and can be selected from 0.5mm to 1mm. The center conductor 210 is coaxially arranged with the cladding 220. The cladding 220 can be made of a conductive material that is resistant to high temperature, high pressure and corrosion, or it can be made of stainless steel. The outer diameter of the cladding 220 should be selected according to the installation conditions. If conditions permit, a relatively large diameter, such as 10mm, can be selected. The wall thickness of the cladding 220 should be determined according to the pressure and temperature conditions of the shell 110. The cladding 220 can be in the form of a half-cut tube so that the medium to be measured can enter the measuring area of ​​the measuring component. Among them, the center conductor 210 is connected to the signal component 106 through a positive cable as an electrode, and the cladding 220 is connected to the signal component 106 through a negative cable as an electrode.

[0085] The insulating tube 230 is located outside the central conductor 210 . The insulating tube 230 may be in the form of a ceramic tube. The length of the insulating tube 230 may be determined according to the actual manufacturing process and may be installed outside the central conductor 210 in sections.

[0086] The locking structure 240 is located outside the central conductor 210 and can be installed by welding or mechanical extrusion. The locking structure 240 is located on the upper insulating structure 250, and the upper insulating structure 250 can be a ceramic structure.

[0087] The upper support structure 260 is located in the cladding 220, and the upper support structure 260 can be arranged in the cladding 220 by welding. The bottom surface of the upper support structure 260 can be flush with the inner wall surface of the cladding 220. The upper insulating structure 250 and the upper support structure 260 are provided with water flow holes to facilitate the flow of the medium to be measured.

[0088] The conductor support structure 270 is located outside the central conductor 210, so that the support of the central conductor 210 can ensure good coaxiality between the central conductor 210 and the cladding 220, thereby improving the accuracy of liquid level measurement. Figure 6 As shown, a schematic diagram of the view structure between a center conductor, a sheath and a conductor support structure is provided, wherein, by arranging the conductor support structure 270 on the outside of the center conductor 210, the center conductor 210 and the sheath 220 can have good coaxiality based on the support of the center conductor 210, so as to improve the accuracy of liquid level measurement.

[0089] The lower support structure 280 is located in the cladding 220, and can be disposed in the cladding 220 by welding. The lower support structure 280 can be disposed at the lowest position of the medium to be measured.

[0090] The tensioning assembly 290 may include a connecting column 291, a spring 292, a tensioning stud 293, and a lower insulating structure 294. Figure 7 As shown, a schematic diagram of the structure of a tensioning assembly is provided. Among them, the connecting column 291 and the center conductor 210 can be connected by welding or mechanical structure. The connecting column 291 and the tensioning stud 293 can be connected by threads, so that by rotating the tensioning stud 293, the connecting column 291 can be driven to tension the center conductor 210 to ensure that the center conductor 210 is coaxial with the shell 220. The lower insulating structure 294 can adopt a ceramic structure, which fits with the lower support structure 280 under the action of the compression force of the spring 292. The spring 292 is deformed by the extrusion force of the tensioning stud 293, which can effectively ensure that when the temperature of the medium to be measured changes, the center conductor 210 is in a tensioned state, so as to improve the accuracy of liquid level measurement.

[0091] The water cooling assembly 1042 may include a water cooling assembly sealing head 310 , a center conductor sealing gasket 320 , a water cooling assembly sealing head nut 330 , a water inlet pipe 340 , and a water outlet pipe 350 .

[0092] The water-cooling assembly sealing head 310 can be connected to the cladding 220 by welding or direct machining. The water-cooling assembly sealing head 310 is processed with threads, and the water-cooling assembly sealing head nut 330 can be processed with threads. The water-cooling assembly sealing head 310 and the water-cooling assembly sealing head nut 330 are both processed with sealing surfaces, and the water-cooling assembly sealing head 310 and the water-cooling assembly sealing head nut 330 can achieve a sealing effect with the center conductor sealing gasket 320 through extrusion deformation through the sealing surface. The center conductor sealing gasket 320 can use a non-metallic gasket, such as a polytetrafluoroethylene gasket.

[0093] Among them, it can be determined whether to start the water inlet pipe 340 and the water outlet pipe 350 for water cooling according to the temperature of the medium to be measured in the housing 110. For example, if the temperature of the medium to be measured is higher than the upper limit of the use temperature of the central conductor sealing gasket 320, the water inlet pipe 340 and the water outlet pipe 350 are started to cool the central conductor sealing gasket 320 with water, thereby cooling the temperature of the medium to be measured, thereby preventing the high-temperature medium to be measured from destroying the environment of the medium to be measured that is similar between the reference component and the component to be measured, so that the liquid level of the medium to be measured can be accurately measured based on the measurement electrical signal measured by the measurement component and the reference electrical signal measured by the reference component while ensuring the environment of the medium to be measured that is similar between the reference component and the component to be measured.

[0094] Among them, an upper wire insulation tube 400 is provided at the upper end of the center wire 210 to prevent the center wire 210 from contacting the water cooling component sealing head nut 330, avoid short circuit of the circuit formed between the center wire and the shell, and improve the stability and reliability of the liquid level measurement process.

[0095] Taking the reference component 102 and the measuring component 104 as an example, when measuring the liquid level of the medium to be measured, the difference between the reference component 102 and the measuring component 104 lies in the contact length between the center conductor 210 and the medium to be measured. Figure 5 As shown in the basis, Figure 8 As shown, a schematic diagram of a reference component is provided. Figure 5 In the structure shown, the contact length between the central conductor 210 of the measuring assembly 104 and the medium to be measured is H1, and H1 can also be understood as the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor; Figure 8 In the structure shown, the contact length between the central conductor 210 of the reference component 102 and the medium to be measured is H2, and H2 can also be understood as the length when the reference component is in contact with the liquid section of the medium to be measured. When I1 represents the measured electrical signal and I2 represents the reference electrical signal, then .

[0096] based on Figure 5-Figure 8As shown in the figure, the sealing position of the measuring component adopts a water-cooling structure (i.e., a water-cooling component) to ensure the reliability of insulation and sealing. By setting the reference component and the measuring component to contact the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor, the reference electrical signal measured by the reference component can be used as a reference, and based on the measurement electrical signal measured by the measuring component, the liquid level of the medium to be measured can be accurately measured on the basis of solving the problem that the liquid phase conductivity changes with the medium characteristics. By setting a tensioning component to ensure the parallelism between the center conductor and the cladding, the problem of thermal expansion and contraction during the temperature change of the medium to be measured can be solved, ensuring the accuracy of the liquid level measurement.

[0097] In combination with the above, in one embodiment, Fig. 9 As shown, a method for measuring the liquid level of a pressurized water reactor is provided. Taking the method applied to a signal component in a pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement system as an example, the method may include the following steps:

[0098] S902 , when the reference component is in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured, obtaining a reference electrical signal of the medium to be measured measured by the reference component.

[0099] S904, when the measuring component is in contact with the gas-liquid two-phase segment of the medium to be measured, obtaining a measurement electrical signal of the medium to be measured measured by the measuring component.

[0100] S906, determining the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor based on the reference electrical signal and the measured electrical signal.

[0101] based on Fig. 9 The method shown, by setting the reference component and the measuring component to be in contact with the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor, even when the environment of the container containing the medium to be measured is a high temperature and high pressure environment, and the medium to be measured is in a gas-liquid two-phase state, the influence of the electrical conductivity of steam on the liquid level can be ignored, and the influence of the electrical conductivity of water on the liquid level can be considered. Therefore, when the reference component is in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured, the liquid level of the medium to be measured can be converted into a reference electrical signal measured by the reference component and a measurement electrical signal measured by the measurement component. Therefore, on the basis of solving the problem that the liquid phase electrical conductivity changes with the medium characteristics, the accuracy of liquid level measurement can be improved.

[0102] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear explanation in this article, the execution of these steps does not have a strict order restriction, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0103] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement device for implementing the pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement method involved above. The implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the device is similar to the implementation scheme recorded in the above method, so the specific limitations in one or more pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement device embodiments provided below can refer to the limitations of the pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement method above, and will not be repeated here.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment, Fig.10 As shown, a pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement device is provided, including: a first acquisition module 1002, a second acquisition module 1004 and a processing module 1006, wherein:

[0105] The first acquisition module is used to acquire a reference electrical signal of the medium to be measured measured by the reference component when the reference component is in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured.

[0106] The second acquisition module is used to obtain the measurement electrical signal of the medium to be measured measured by the measurement component when the measurement component is in contact with the gas-liquid two-phase segment of the medium to be measured.

[0107] The processing module is used to determine the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor based on the reference electrical signal and the measurement electrical signal.

[0108] Each module in the above-mentioned pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement device can be fully or partially implemented by software, hardware and their combination. The above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of the above modules.

[0109] In one embodiment, a computer device is further provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0110] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0111] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0112] A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include distributed databases based on blockchains, etc., but are not limited to this. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, an artificial intelligence (AI) processor, etc., but are not limited to this.

[0113] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0114] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement system, characterized in that: It includes a reference component, a measurement component and a signal component, wherein the reference component and the measurement component are connected to the signal component respectively: The reference component and the measuring component are both in contact with the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor; The reference component is in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured, and is used to measure and obtain a reference electrical signal of the medium to be measured; The measuring component is in contact with the gas-liquid two-phase section of the medium to be measured, and is used to measure and obtain a measuring electrical signal of the medium to be measured; The signal component is used to determine the liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor based on the reference electrical signal and the measurement electrical signal.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The measuring assembly includes a sealing assembly, a conductivity assembly and a water cooling assembly; The sealing component is used to fix the conductivity component on the container containing the medium to be measured; The water cooling component is used to cool down the medium to be tested when the temperature of the medium to be tested exceeds a threshold value; The conductivity component is used to measure and obtain a measurement electrical signal of the medium to be measured when the water cooling component cools the medium to be measured from the container.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The fixed position of the conductive component is on the shell of the container, and the sealing component includes: a sealing head, a sealing head nut and a shell sealing gasket; The sealing head is connected to the shell, and the sealing head is also connected to the sealing head nut through a thread; the sealing head and the sealing head nut are both provided with sealing surfaces, and the sealing head and the sealing head nut are also respectively connected to the shell sealing gasket through sealing surfaces.

4. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The conductive assembly includes: a central conductor, a shell, an insulating tube, a locking structure, an upper insulating structure, an upper supporting structure, a conductor supporting structure, and a lower supporting structure; The central conductor is coaxially arranged with the enclosure, the insulating tube, the locking structure and the conductor support structure are located outside the central conductor, and the locking structure is located on the upper insulating structure; The upper support structure and the lower support structure are located in the cladding, the bottom surface of the upper support structure is flush with the inner wall surface of the cladding, and the upper support structure and the upper insulating structure are provided with water flow holes; the lower support structure is in contact with the gas-liquid two-phase section of the medium to be measured.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The conductive assembly also includes a connecting post, a spring, a tensioning stud and a lower insulating structure; The connecting column is connected to the central conductor, and is also connected to the tensioning stud via threads; the lower insulating structure is fitted to the lower supporting structure via the spring.

6. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The center conductor is connected to the signal component via a positive cable, and the enclosure is connected to the signal component via a negative cable.

7. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The water cooling assembly comprises: a water cooling assembly sealing head, a center conductor sealing gasket and a water cooling assembly sealing head nut; The water cooling component sealing head is connected to the cladding shell, and the water cooling component sealing head is also connected to the water cooling component sealing head nut through a thread; The water-cooling component sealing head and the water-cooling component sealing head nut are both provided with sealing surfaces, and the water-cooling component sealing head and the water-cooling component sealing head nut are respectively in contact with the central conductor sealing gasket through the sealing surfaces.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The measuring assembly also includes an upper conductor insulating tube disposed at the upper end of the central conductor.

9. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The reference component and the measuring component have the same structure.

10. A method for measuring the liquid level of a pressurized water reactor, characterized in that: The pressurized water reactor liquid level measurement system applied to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising: When the reference component is in contact with the liquid segment of the medium to be measured, obtaining a reference electrical signal of the medium to be measured measured by the reference component; When the measuring component is in contact with the gas-liquid two-phase section of the medium to be measured, obtaining a measurement electrical signal of the medium to be measured measured by the measuring component; Based on the reference electrical signal and the measurement electrical signal, a liquid level of the medium to be measured in the pressurized water reactor is determined.

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