A replaceable window for temperature, pressure and volume control springs

Abstract

This invention discloses a temperature- and pressure-controlled volumetric cartridge with replaceable windows, comprising an upper cover, a main window, and a lower cover. The main window has a viewing window and is detachably connected between the upper and lower covers. Several connecting screws are fixed to the edge of the lower cover, with one end of the connecting screw away from the lower cover passing through the edge of the upper cover. The upper cover and the connecting screws are slidably connected, and a locking nut is threaded onto one end of the connecting screw that extends out of the mounting plate. The main window is located between the upper and lower covers, and can be clamped and fixed between the upper and lower covers by tightening the locking nut. This invention adopts a replaceable three-section split design and is equipped with multiple sets of replaceable windows. A single volumetric cartridge can meet various diagnostic needs, significantly reducing the cost of spray optical diagnostic testing. Furthermore, the temperature and pressure inside the volumetric cartridge are adjustable, and the airflow is uniform and controllable, efficiently organizing the airflow movement within the cartridge and avoiding airflow dead zones.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical diagnostic equipment technology, and in particular to a temperature- and pressure-controlled volume-regulating spring with a replaceable window. Background Technology

[0002] In the development of hybrid engine combustion systems, optical diagnostics of fuel spray is the cornerstone of combustion model calibration. A constant-volume bomb, as an experimental device capable of simulating the thermodynamic boundary conditions within the cylinder of an actual internal combustion engine, is an essential experimental instrument for spray optical diagnostics.

[0003] Different optical diagnostic methods require different optical path arrangements. For example, the Mie scattering method for spray morphology testing requires two windows with an angle of 90°, while the phase Doppler interferometry method requires two windows with an angle of 135°. If it is necessary to measure the oil film impacting the wall, high and low windows need to be arranged on the capsule. The low window, together with a 45° reflector, realizes the arrangement of the impactor optical path and the acquisition of the oil film fluorescence signal. This places higher demands on the versatility of the capsule.

[0004] Existing projectiles mostly use fixed windows. For example, the projectile proposed in patent publication number CN106353098B can only achieve a 180° optical arrangement. Although the projectile proposed in patent publication number CN106441912B has six projectile windows, the included angle of each window is either 90° or 180°, which cannot achieve the 135° optical configuration required for phase Doppler testing and the high and low window configuration required for measuring the impact-wall oil film. The projectile in patent publication number CN103926196B is small in size, making it difficult to measure the impact-wall oil film. Furthermore, it uses an air inlet method, which has a single air inlet position and is prone to creating dead zones within the projectile, making it difficult to effectively organize the airflow movement within the projectile. Regarding the scavenging of the cartridge, although the fixed-volume cartridge with patent authorization announcement number CN106441912B can achieve multi-hole air intake scavenging, the air inlet is installed vertically on the cartridge wall, and the airflow enters the cartridge radially. The intake gas needs to be deflected inside the cartridge before it can be discharged from the bottom exhaust hole, which makes it easy for the airflow inside the cartridge to form dead zones and makes it difficult to efficiently organize the airflow movement inside the cartridge.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned prior art, the inventors believe that the existing constant volume bullets have poor air intake and exhaust uniformity, dead zones exist in the airflow inside the constant volume bullets, and the airflow organization efficiency is low; moreover, the testing function of constant volume bullets is limited and it is difficult to meet different optical diagnostic needs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this invention provides a temperature and pressure controlled volume cartridge with replaceable windows. It adopts a three-section split design and is equipped with multiple replaceable windows. A single cartridge can meet various diagnostic needs, significantly reducing the cost of spray optical diagnostic testing. Furthermore, the temperature and pressure inside the volume cartridge are adjustable, and the airflow is uniform and controllable. It can efficiently organize the airflow movement inside the volume cartridge and avoid airflow dead zones.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a temperature and pressure control volume spring with a replaceable viewing window, comprising an upper end cover, a main viewing window, and a lower end cover. The main viewing window is provided with a viewing window and is detachably connected between the upper end cover and the lower end cover. Several connecting screws are fixed to the edge of the lower end cover, and the end of the connecting screw away from the lower end cover passes through the edge of the upper end cover. The upper end cover is slidably connected to the connecting screws, and a locking nut is threaded to the end of the connecting screw that passes through the mounting plate. The main viewing window is located between the upper end cover and the lower end cover, and the main viewing window can be clamped and fixed between the upper end cover and the lower end cover by tightening the locking nut.

[0008] Furthermore, the main viewport has three windows, which are arranged along the periphery of the main viewport. The main viewport can be configured in various ways and can be changed according to testing requirements.

[0009] Furthermore, the main viewing window is hollow and forms a test space, and a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a heater are installed inside the main viewing window.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower end cover includes a cylindrical base and a connecting plate coaxially fixed to the bottom surface of the cylindrical base, and the connecting screw is fixed to the edge of the connecting plate; the end face of the cylindrical base near the main viewing window is provided with a sealing groove, and an O-ring is provided in the sealing groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the constant volume bomb is provided with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe. One end of the air inlet pipe passes through the upper end cover and extends into the test space. The end of the air inlet pipe that enters the test space is connected to a scavenging plate. The scavenging plate is provided with an annular air channel. The air inlet pipe is connected to the annular air channel. The bottom surface of the scavenging plate away from the air inlet pipe has a number of scavenging holes that are connected to the annular air channel. The number of scavenging holes are evenly distributed around the circumference of the scavenging plate.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the air intake pipe that enters the test space is connected to the annular air passage of the scavenging disc and is fixed relative to the scavenging disc. The height position of the scavenging disc within the test space is adjustable.

[0013] Furthermore, an air guide funnel is provided inside the cylinder base. The air guide funnel is located at the bottom of the scavenging disc. The diameter of the air guide funnel decreases in the direction away from the main viewing window. The bottom end of the air guide funnel is connected to the air outlet pipe.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] 1. It adopts a replaceable three-section split design, and the viewing window part can be replaced as a whole. It can be configured with a main viewing window with a variety of different viewing window designs. It can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of diagnostic technology without changing the upper and lower end caps of the volumetric cartridge. Using a single cartridge, multi-angle optical measurement can be achieved, meeting a variety of spray optical diagnostic needs and significantly reducing experimental testing costs.

[0016] 2. Existing technologies rely heavily on manual adjustment for temperature and pressure control within constant-volume bombs, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, inefficient, and prone to errors. This invention employs PID control, combined with temperature sensors, pressure sensors, solenoid valves, vacuum pumps, and electric heating wires, to achieve intelligent temperature and pressure control, enabling high-precision temperature and pressure regulation.

[0017] 3. Compared with existing fixed-volume bullets, which suffer from uneven scavenging, unreasonable air path design, and the tendency for dead zones to form within the bullet, this invention, through the design of a scavenging disc in conjunction with an air-guiding funnel, can limit the generation of vortices in the chamber, avoid dead zones, and achieve efficient and uniform airflow. Furthermore, the height of the scavenging disc within the test space can be adjusted to achieve different scavenging strategies, thereby meeting different spray test requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the scavenging disc in this invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower end cap in this invention.

[0022] Figure 5 These are structural diagrams of different main viewports.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Upper end cover; 11. Injector; 2. Main body window; 21. Window; 3. Lower end cover; 31. Connecting plate; 32. Cylinder seat; 33. Sealing groove; 34. Connecting screw; 35. Locking nut; 4. Scavenging disc; 41. Scavenging hole; 42. Annular air passage; 5. Air guide funnel; 6. Inlet pipe; 7. Outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] This invention discloses a temperature- and pressure-controlled constant-volume spring with a replaceable window.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A temperature and pressure control volume control spring with replaceable window includes an upper cover 1, a main window 2 and a lower cover 3. The main window 2 is provided with a window 21. The main window 2 is detachably connected between the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 3. In this embodiment, the main window 2 is made of 45 steel and its outer surface is chrome-plated. Several connecting screws 34 are fixed to the edge of the lower end cover 3. The end of the connecting screw 34 away from the lower end cover 3 passes through the edge of the upper end cover 1. The upper end cover 1 is slidably connected to the connecting screw 34. The end of the connecting screw 34 that passes through the mounting plate is threaded with a locking nut 35. The main viewing window 2 is located between the upper end cover 1 and the lower end cover 3. By tightening the locking nut 35, the main viewing window 2 can be clamped and fixed between the upper end cover 1 and the lower end cover 3, thus completing the installation of the main viewing window 2. Conversely, by loosening the locking nut 35, the upper end cover 1 can be removed from the connecting screw 34, and then the main viewing window 2 can be removed, thus completing the disassembly of the main viewing window 2.

[0027] This constant volume bullet design breaks down the traditional integral structure of constant volume bullets into a three-section design: upper end cover 1, main body viewing window 2, and lower end cover 3. The main body viewing window 2, which is equipped with viewing window 21, can be replaced. Using a single bullet, multi-angle optical measurement can be achieved to meet various spray optical diagnostic needs and significantly reduce experimental costs.

[0028] In this embodiment, the main viewport 2 has three viewports 21, which are arranged along the periphery of the main viewport 2. The three viewports 21 are configured with various specifications and positions according to different test requirements. (Refer to...) Figure 5 The viewing window 21 can be designed as a three-level height window (0°-90°-180°), a three-level height window (0°-90°-225°), or a high-low window. The appropriate viewing window can be changed to meet different spray diagnostic needs. The 0°-90°-180° three-level height window can meet the requirements of Mie scattering tests, the 0°-90°-225° three-level height window can meet the requirements of phase Doppler interferometry tests, the low-level window can achieve bottom-view measurement of the oil film impacting the wall, and the high window can meet the observation needs of the macroscopic morphology of the spray and the spray impact process. Furthermore, the viewing window design is not limited to these three options.

[0029] The main viewing window 2 is hollow, forming a test space. Temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and a heater are installed inside the main viewing window 2, and a PID controller is used for regulation. The PID controller, in conjunction with multiple temperature sensors, controls the on / off state of the internal heater, thereby controlling the internal temperature of the volumetric bomb. The constant-volume bomb has an inlet pipe 6 and an exhaust pipe on its exterior. The constant-volume bomb is connected to an air source through the inlet pipe 6 and to a vacuum pump through the exhaust pipe. The internal pressure of the constant-volume bomb is controlled by the PID controller in conjunction with the solenoid valves of the inlet and exhaust pipes.

[0030] Reference Figure 4 The lower end cover 3 includes a cylinder seat 32 and a connecting plate 31 coaxially fixed to the bottom surface of the cylinder seat 32. A connecting screw 34 is fixed to the edge of the connecting plate 31. The end face of the cylinder seat 32 near the main body window 2 is provided with a sealing groove 33, and an O-ring is provided in the sealing groove 33 to ensure the connection is sealed. An oil injector 11 is provided on the upper cover.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 One end of the intake pipe 6 passes through the upper end cover 1 and extends into the test space. The end of the intake pipe 6 that enters the test space is connected to a scavenging disc 4. The scavenging disc 4 has an annular air passage 42 inside, and the intake pipe 6 communicates with the annular air passage 42. Several scavenging holes 41 communicating with the annular air passage 42 are opened on the bottom surface of the scavenging disc 4 away from the intake pipe. In this embodiment, there are eight scavenging holes 41, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the scavenging disc 4. An air guide funnel 5 is provided inside the cylinder seat 32 of the lower end cover 3. The air guide funnel 5 is located at the bottom of the scavenging disc 4. The diameter of the air guide funnel 5 decreases in the direction away from the main viewing window 2, and the bottom end of the air guide funnel 5 communicates with the outlet pipe 7.

[0032] Compared to existing constant-volume projectiles, which suffer from uneven scavenging, unreasonable air path design, and the tendency for dead zones to form within the projectile, this invention, through the design of a scavenging disc 4 in conjunction with an air-guiding funnel 5, can limit the generation of vortices in the chamber, avoid dead zones, and achieve efficient and uniform organization of airflow.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 One end of the air intake pipe 6, which enters the test space, is connected to the annular air passage 42 of the scavenging disc 4. The air intake pipe 5 and the scavenging disc 4 are relatively fixed, and the height position of the scavenging disc 4 within the test space is adjustable. To achieve the purpose of adjusting the height position of the scavenging disc 4, in this embodiment, a connecting pipe of different lengths is connected to the end of the air intake pipe 6. The upper end cover 1 has a threaded hole for the connecting pipe to pass through and be threaded. The air intake pipe 6 enters the test space through the connecting pipe and connects to the scavenging disc 4. By replacing the connecting pipe of different lengths, the height position of the scavenging disc 4 within the test space can be adjusted, thereby achieving different scavenging strategies to meet different spray test requirements.

[0034] For the injector 11, the conventional spray test at the top of the cartridge is performed, such as spray pattern and spray particle size test. At this time, the injection frequency is low (about 1Hz). The requirement for the in-cylinder flow field is: after a single injection is completed, the droplets from the previous injection are swept out of the cartridge. The scavenging disc 4 is installed at the top inside the cartridge. With the uniformly distributed air outlets, the droplets inside the cartridge can be efficiently discharged under low airflow conditions.

[0035] For some spray tests that require high droplet concentration in the test area, such as the wet-wall measurement of the injector 11 tip, the injector 11 is installed on the side of the cartridge, and the testing area of ​​the imaging system is the tip of the injector 11. The imaging system needs to capture the oil film adhering to the nozzle wall at the tip of the injector 11 within a very short time after injection. This requires a scavenging system to quickly and promptly sweep the injected fuel away from the nozzle tip. In this case, the scavenging disc 4 is installed in the middle of the cartridge, slightly above the nozzle tip. Combined with a high airflow rate, it can quickly sweep away the injected fuel, ensuring efficient imaging of the test area within a very short time after injection.

[0036] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A temperature and pressure controlled constant volume bomb with replaceable window, characterized in that: It includes upper end cover (1), main body window (2) and lower end cover (3), the main body window (2) is provided with window window (21), the main body window (2) is detachably connected between upper end cover (1) and lower end cover (3);The edge of the lower end cover (3) is fixed with several connecting screws (34), the end of the connecting screw (34) away from the lower end cover (3) is provided with the edge of the upper end cover (1), the upper end cover (1) and the connecting screw (34) are slidably connected, and the end of the connecting screw (34) passing through the mounting plate is threadedly connected with the lock nut (35);The main body window (2) is located between the upper end cover (1) and the lower end cover (3), and the main body window (2) can be clamped and fixed between the upper end cover (1) and the lower end cover (3) by tightening the lock nut (35); The constant volume bomb is externally provided with air inlet pipeline (6) and air outlet pipeline (7), one end of the air inlet pipeline (6) penetrates through the upper end cover (1) and extends into the test space, the end of the air inlet pipeline (6) penetrating into the test space is connected with the scavenging disc (4), the scavenging disc (4) is internally provided with annular air channel (42), the air inlet pipeline (6) is communicated with the annular air channel (42), and the bottom surface of the scavenging disc (4) away from the air inlet pipeline is provided with a plurality of scavenging holes (41) communicated with the annular air channel (42), and the plurality of scavenging holes (41) are distributed along the circumference of the scavenging disc (4); The end of the air inlet pipeline (6) penetrating into the test space is communicated with the annular air channel (42) of the scavenging disc (4) and is fixed opposite to the scavenging disc (4), and the height position of the scavenging disc (4) in the test space can be adjusted;The lower end cover (3) comprises a cylinder seat (32) and a connecting disc (31) fixed coaxially on the bottom surface of the cylinder seat (32), and the connecting screw (34) is fixed on the edge of the connecting disc (31);The end surface of the cylinder seat (32) close to the main body window (2) is provided with a sealing groove (33), and the sealing groove (33) is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring; The inner side of the cylinder seat (32) is provided with a gas guide funnel (5), the gas guide funnel (5) is located at the bottom of the scavenging disc (4), the diameter of the gas guide funnel (5) decreases in the direction away from the main body window (2), and the bottom end of the gas guide funnel (5) is communicated with the air outlet pipeline (7); The main body window (2) is provided with three window windows (21), and the three window windows (21) are arranged along the circumferential side of the main body window (2), the main body window (2) is configured with multiple, including 0°-90°-180° three equal height or high-low window and 0°-90°-225° three equal height or high-low window, which can be replaced according to test requirements.

2. The temperature and pressure controlled window replaceable constant volume bomb of claim 1, wherein: The main body window (2) is hollow and forms a test space, and the main body window (2) is provided with a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a heater.

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