Soil sampling device for geological exploration

Abstract

The present invention proposes a soil sampling device for geological exploration, which relates to the technology of extraction tools for geological exploration, and specifically discloses a frame and a base. A first drill rod is rotatably provided on one side of the frame, and a second drill rod is detachably provided on the first drill rod. A tubular drill bit is installed on the end of the second drill rod facing away from the first drill rod; an adjustment mechanism for driving an inner cylinder to reciprocate in a vertical direction is provided in the second drill rod; a rotating mechanism for driving the first drill rod to rotate is installed on the frame; a driving mechanism for driving the frame to reciprocate in a vertical direction is installed on the base; a first rolling member and a second rolling member are provided on the inner cylinder and the drill bit, and the inner cylinder and the drill bit are reciprocated along the feeding direction of the cored soil through the adjustment mechanism, which can effectively reduce the friction when the cored soil contacts the inner cylinder, the drill bit and other components, so that the cored soil can pass through the inner cylinder more smoothly into the first drill rod, thereby reducing the resistance during the sampling process and improving the sampling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of extraction tools for geological exploration, and in particular to a soil sampling device for geological exploration. Background Art

[0002] The geological exploration of the Lushan Zouping fault uplift, Xinfushan Laiwu fault uplift, and Mamuchi Yiyuan fault uplift in the survey area located in the North China Plate, the western Shandong uplift, and the central Shandong uplift is quite difficult. The geological environment requires a thorough understanding of the region's geology, mineral resources, and geophysical and geochemical exploration for iron-rich and gold-rich deposits. The strata in this area are primarily Neoarchean, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic, with partial Quaternary coverage. Magmatic rocks are extensively developed, and the structure is dominated by brittle faults, with little folding.

[0003] During geological exploration, workers often need to drill holes in the land to be explored and then sample the soil. However, during the drilling process, soil will accumulate on the ground at the drilling site due to the drilling. During the subsequent soil sampling process, this accumulated soil may be mixed into the sampled soil, affecting the sampling results. In addition, the above method cannot perform periodic analysis of the collected soil.

[0004] Although, in the existing soil sampling device, a sampling cylinder is inserted into the soil through mechanical equipment for sampling, and the soil is squeezed into the cylinder to form a core during the soil coring process; however, the core entering the cylinder is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cylinder, resulting in the core soil entering the cylinder being difficult to remove from the inside of the cylinder later; and if it is forcibly removed, it is easy to cause the integrity of the core soil to be destroyed, affecting the sampling results, and it is impossible to conduct a better analysis of the geological conditions of the soil at each layer later. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a soil sampling device for geological exploration, which can solve the problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology in view of the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0007] The present invention provides a soil sampling device for geological exploration, comprising a frame and a base, wherein a first drill rod is rotatably mounted on one side of the frame, a second drill rod is detachably mounted on the first drill rod, and a tubular drill bit is mounted on the end of the second drill rod facing away from the first drill rod;

[0008] The second drill rod, the first drill rod and the drill bit are connected to form a tubular channel;

[0009] An inner cylinder is slidably disposed within the tubular passage, an annular groove is formed on the end surface of the drill bit opposite to the inner cylinder, and a portion of the inner cylinder is embedded in the annular groove; a positioning mechanism is disposed within the second drill rod to drive the inner cylinder to reciprocate in a vertical direction; a plurality of annular first rolling elements are rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder;

[0010] A plurality of annular second rolling elements are rotatably provided on the inner wall of the drill bit;

[0011] A rotating mechanism for driving the first drill rod to rotate is installed on the frame;

[0012] A driving mechanism for driving the frame to reciprocate in the vertical direction is installed on the base.

[0013] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning cylinder installed between the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the second drill rod, the outer wall of the positioning cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the second drill rod, and two protrusions are symmetrically provided on the side wall of the positioning cylinder opposite to the drill bit;

[0014] A guide ring is installed between the outer wall of the inner tube and the inner wall of the second drill rod. A retaining frame for supporting the guide ring is installed on the inner wall of the second drill rod. Several push rods are passed through the side wall of the guide ring. A return spring connected to the guide ring is sleeved on the push rod. A connecting block is provided at the end of the push rod close to the drill bit, and the connecting block is connected to the outer wall of the inner tube.

[0015] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the rotating mechanism includes a fixed frame installed on the frame, the first drill rod is rotatably set on the fixed frame, a driven wheel is installed on the outer wall of the first drill rod, a driving motor is installed on the frame, a driving wheel is installed on the output end of the driving motor, and a belt is installed between the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0016] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a first telescopic rod installed on the base, the base is provided with a guide mechanism for guiding the frame to move in a vertical direction, and the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod is connected to the frame.

[0017] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a guide bar is installed on the outer wall of the drill bit along the axial direction of the second drill rod, and a guide groove adapted to the guide bar is opened on the inner wall of the second drill rod along its axial direction, and a retaining spring connected to the guide bar is installed in the guide groove.

[0018] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the retainer includes two limiting rings installed on the inner wall of the second drill rod, the guide ring is installed between the two limiting rings, and sliding seats are installed on the opposite side walls of the two limiting rings, and the sliding seats are in contact with the guide rings.

[0019] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the guide mechanism includes a plurality of guide rods arranged around the base, and the free ends of the guide rods are slidably arranged in the frame.

[0020] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a sampling mechanism for taking out the cored soil placed in the first drill rod is installed on the frame.

[0021] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the sampling mechanism includes a mounting frame installed on a machine frame, a winch is rotatably provided on the mounting frame, a traction rope is wound around the winch, a clamping structure is installed on the free end of the traction rope, and the clamping structure is slidably arranged in the first drill rod.

[0022] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the clamping structure includes a second telescopic rod connected to the traction rope, a mounting seat is slidingly provided in the first drill rod, a mounting groove is provided on the side wall of the mounting seat opposite to the drill bit, an adjusting seat is installed in the mounting groove, an inner conical surface is provided on the inner wall of the adjusting seat, the large diameter end of the inner conical surface faces the drill bit side, a number of splints are installed in the mounting groove, a plurality of limiting grooves corresponding to the splints are provided on the side wall of the mounting seat, limiting rods connected to the splints are passed through the limiting grooves, adjusting springs are installed in the limiting grooves, a slider is installed on the free end of the adjusting spring, and a limiting groove adapted to the slider is provided on the outer wall of the limiting rod along its extension direction.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: the tubular structure formed by the drill bit, the first drill rod and the second drill rod can enable the soil in the sampling area to enter the drill bit smoothly and form a cylindrical core soil, which is convenient for the subsequent accurate analysis of the soil layer properties of each layer of the soil, thereby improving the accuracy of the analysis; the tubular structure can protect the gradually lengthening core soil to prevent it from breaking in the tubular structure during the sampling process, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the sampling work; an inner cylinder is also installed in the tubular structure, and the inner cylinder and the drill bit are connected. A first rolling member and a second rolling member are respectively arranged on the inner tube and the drill bit, and the inner tube and the drill bit are made to reciprocate along the feeding direction of the core soil through the adjustment mechanism, which can effectively reduce the friction when the core soil contacts the inner tube, the drill bit and other components, so that the core soil can pass through the inner tube more smoothly into the first drill rod, reducing the resistance during the sampling process and improving the sampling efficiency; the first drill rod and the second drill rod are detachably connected, and first drill rods of different lengths can be selected according to actual needs to sample soil at different depths, thereby enhancing the adaptability of the device and expanding the sampling depth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first drill rod and the second drill rod in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the partial internal structure of the second drill rod in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the half-cut three-dimensional structure of the first drill rod and the second drill rod in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the half-cut three-dimensional structure of the first drill rod in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the half-cut three-dimensional structure of the second drill rod in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the half-section structure of the first drill rod in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A local enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0032] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the semi-sectional structure of the second drill rod in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A local enlarged structural diagram of point B in the middle.

[0034] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A partial enlarged structural diagram at point C in the middle.

[0035] Figure 12 for Figure 10 A local enlarged structural diagram at point D in the middle.

[0036] Figure 13 for Figure 10 A local enlarged structural diagram at point E in the middle.

[0037] Reference numerals: 1, frame; 101, capstan; 102, guide rod; 103, base; 104, first telescopic rod; 105, drive motor; 106, driving wheel; 107, belt; 108, mounting frame; 109, traction rope; 110, driven wheel; 111, drilling channel; 112, fixing frame; 113, stabilizing seat; 2, first drill rod; 3, second drill rod; 4, drill bit; 5, cored soil; 201, splint; 202, mounting seat; 203, second telescopic rod; 204, adjustment seat; 205, Adjusting spring; 206, limiting rod; 207, slider; 208, spring sheet; 301, inner tube; 302, adjusting tube; 303, push rod; 304, return spring; 305, guide ring; 306, retaining frame; 307, connecting block; 308, sliding seat; 309, first rolling element; 310, second rolling element; 311, first air guide channel; 312, first exhaust channel; 401, annular groove; 402, guide strip; 403, second exhaust channel; 404, retaining spring; 405, second air guide channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0039] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

[0040] Example

[0041] The present invention provides a soil sampling device for geological exploration, such as Figures 1-13 As shown, it includes a frame 1 and a base 103. The frame 1 is a rectangular frame structure, and the base 103 is detachably connected to the frame 1 by bolts. The base 103 is used to increase the stability of the frame 1 during the sampling process. The side wall of the base 103 is provided with a drilling channel 111. The drilling channel 111 is provided to ensure that the first drill rod 2 and the second drill rod 3 can smoothly enter and exit the base 103. A first drill rod 2 is rotatably provided on one side of the frame 1; a second drill rod 3 is detachably provided on the first drill rod 2. The first drill rod 2 and the second drill rod 3 are connected by a threaded connection, and a part of the second drill rod 3 is embedded in the first drill rod 2. In this way, different lengths of first drill rods 2 can be selected according to actual needs to sample soil at different depths, thereby improving the adaptability of this structure. A tubular drill bit 4 is installed at the end of the second drill rod 3 facing away from the first drill rod 2; an inner bevel is provided on the end face of the drill bit 4, so that when the above structure drives the drill bit 4 into the ground, the soil in the sampling area can smoothly enter the drill bit 4, and the soil forms a cylindrical core soil 5 under the compression of the drill bit 4, which is convenient for the later analysis of the soil layer properties of each layer and improves the accuracy of the analysis.

[0042] The second drill rod 3 and the first drill rod 2 are hollow. The first drill rod 2, the second drill rod 3, and the drill bit 4 are interconnected to form a tubular passage. The first drill rod 2, the second drill rod 3, and the drill bit 4 are interconnected to form a tubular structure. Soil passes through the drill bit 4 in the tubular structure to form a core soil 5. This causes the soil to move upward in a predetermined direction within the tubular structure, extending the sampling length of the core soil 5. The tubular structure protects the gradually lengthening core soil 5, preventing it from breaking within the tubular structure and disrupting the soil sampling process.

[0043] An inner cylinder 301 slides within the tubular passage. Its inner diameter is slightly larger than that of the drill bit 4. An annular groove 401 is defined on the end surface of the drill bit 4 facing the inner cylinder 301, with a portion of the inner cylinder 301 nested within it. Several annular first rollers 309 are rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 301. Several annular second rollers 310 are rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the drill bit 4. Both the first and second rollers 309, 310 are solid rubber rings, with their outer walls contacting the outer surface of the soil core 5. This prevents the inner wall of the inner cylinder 301 or the drill bit 4 from tightly contacting the outer wall of the soil core 5. Furthermore, the second rollers 310, mounted within the drill bit 4, provide a preliminary smoothing treatment on the outer wall of the soil core 5 upon entry, maintaining a relatively smooth outer surface. Furthermore, friction between the cored soil 5 and subsequent components is reduced. The positioning mechanism installed within the second drill rod 3 provides driving force to the inner cylinder 301, causing the inner cylinder 301 to reciprocate vertically within the second drill rod 3 relative to the drill bit 4. Furthermore, friction between the first rolling element 309 installed on the inner cylinder 301 and the cored soil 5 is reduced.

[0044] As the first and second drill rods 2 and 3 push the drill bit 4 deeper into the ground, the core soil 5 formed by the drill bit 4 gradually enters the inner cylinder 301. The rotating first and second drill rods 2 and 3 drive the positioning mechanism, causing the inner cylinder 301 to reciprocate up and down relative to the core soil 5. The reciprocating up and down motion of the inner cylinder 301 and the rotating first rolling element 309 disposed therein serve to break down the static friction generated by the contact between the core soil 5 and the inner cylinder 301. As the core soil 5 gradually enters the inner cylinder 301, it pushes the first rolling element 309 in a circular motion within the inner cylinder 301, converting the static friction generated by the contact between the inner cylinder 301 and the core soil 5 into rolling friction. When the core-shaped soil 5 pushes the first rolling element 309 to perform circular motion in the annular groove opened on the inner cylinder 301, the first rolling element 309 can also smooth the outer wall of the core-shaped soil 5, so that the outer wall of the core-shaped soil 5 remains relatively smooth, further reducing the friction between the core-shaped soil 5 and the first rolling element 309; it is convenient for the core-shaped soil 5 to pass through the inner cylinder 301 smoothly and enter the first drill rod 2, providing convenient conditions for the later collection of core-shaped soil 5 samples.

[0045] Preferably, an annular groove is formed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 301 , and a portion of the first rolling element 309 is embedded in the annular groove.

[0046] Preferably, a first air channel 311 is defined within the inner cylinder 301; a first exhaust channel 312 is defined on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 301, communicating with the first air channel 311; and a second air channel 405 is defined within the drill bit 4, with a second exhaust channel 403 defined on the inner wall of the drill bit 4 communicating with the second air channel 405. The second air channel 405 is connected to the annular groove 401. Furthermore, the first air channel 311 and the annular groove 401 are also interconnected, and the first air channel 311 is connected to an external high-pressure air supply, such as a booster pump. The air-guiding structures provided on the inner cylinder 301 and the drill bit 4 create an air film in the area where the first and second rolling elements 309, 310 contact the cored soil 5, further reducing the friction generated when the cored soil 5 contacts the first and second rolling elements 309, 310.

[0047] Preferably, the inner diameter of the first drill rod 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the inner tube 301, providing a gripping area for collecting the core soil 5, making it easy to pick up the core soil 5 that gradually enters the first drill rod 2 from the first drill rod 2 in batches.

[0048] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning cylinder 302 mounted between the outer wall of the inner cylinder 301 and the inner wall of the second drill rod 3. The inner cylinder 301 is slidable relative to the positioning cylinder 302. The outer wall of the positioning cylinder 302 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the second drill rod 3 via a threaded connection or fixedly connected via welding. Two symmetrical raised portions are provided on the side wall of the positioning cylinder 302 opposite the drill bit 4. Two curved recessed areas are formed between the two raised portions. The specific structure formed on the positioning cylinder 302 can be cut using machining equipment.

[0049] A guide ring 305 is installed between the outer wall of the inner cylinder 301 and the inner wall of the second drill rod 3 , and a retainer 306 for supporting the guide ring 305 is installed on the inner wall of the second drill rod 3 .

[0050] Retainer 306 comprises two retaining rings mounted on the inner wall of second drill rod 3, each secured to the inside of second drill rod 3 by latches. Guide ring 305 is mounted between the two retaining rings, with sliding seats 308 mounted on opposing sidewalls. The contact surface between sliding seats 308 and guide ring 305 is minimal. This allows retainer 306 to maintain relative stationary position relative to the rotating second drill rod 3 during rotation, preventing vertical displacement of guide ring 305 as it penetrates deeper into the ground with the second drill rod 3. A number of push rods 303 are provided on the side wall of the guide ring 305. The number of push rods 303 is at least 4, and the 4 push rods 303 are symmetrically arranged in pairs on the side wall of the guide ring 305. A return spring 304 connected to the guide ring 305 is sleeved on the push rod 303. A connecting block 307 is provided at the end of the push rod 303 close to the drill bit 4, and the connecting block 307 is connected to the outer wall of the inner tube 301.

[0051] As the two protrusions on the positioning cylinder 302 rotate with the second drill rod 3, they simultaneously contact the four push rods 303 in two groups, pushing the inner cylinder 301 connected to the push rods 303 in a reciprocating downward vertical motion. When the two protrusions simultaneously disengage from the four push rods 303, the four push rods 303 gradually fall into two curved recessed areas. At this point, the return spring 304 pulls on the push rods 303, driving the inner cylinder 301 in an upward vertical motion. This causes the inner cylinder 301 to reciprocate up and down relative to the core 5 within a single motion cycle. The core 5 ascending within the inner cylinder 301 pushes the first rolling element 309 mounted on the inner cylinder 301 in a circular motion along the inner wall of the inner cylinder 301, thereby reducing the static friction generated by the core 5 gradually entering the inner cylinder 301 and contacting the first rolling element 309, converting this static friction into rolling friction. This facilitates the core soil 5 to smoothly pass through the inner cylinder 301 and enter the first drill rod 2, providing convenient conditions for the later collection of core soil 5 samples.

[0052] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a guide bar 402 is mounted on the outer wall of the drill bit 4 along the axial direction of the second drill rod 3. The guide bar 402 has a wedge-shaped or rectangular cross-section and is welded to the outer wall of the drill bit 4. A guide groove is formed on the inner wall of the second drill rod 3 along its axial direction, adapted to fit within the guide bar 402. A retaining spring 404, connected to the guide bar 402, is mounted within the guide groove. The retaining spring 404 prevents significant relative displacement between the drill bit 4 and the second drill rod 3.

[0053] The process of the positioning mechanism driving the drill bit 4 to move through the inner cylinder 301 is as follows: when the push rod 303 in the positioning mechanism pushes the inner cylinder 301 to move in the second drill rod 3 to a certain moment, the lower end of the inner cylinder 301 abuts against the bottom of the annular groove 401. The push rod 303 in the positioning mechanism continues to push the inner cylinder 301 to continue to move in the vertical direction in the second drill rod 3, and the retaining spring 404 connected to the drill bit 4 gradually extends, and the drill bit 4 follows the inner cylinder 301 to move downward in the vertical direction; when the push rod 303 in the positioning mechanism no longer pushes the inner cylinder 301 to continue to move downward in the vertical direction, the inner cylinder 301 will gradually lose contact with the bottom of the annular groove 401, and the drill bit 4 will gradually return to its original position under the pull of the retaining spring 404; in the above-mentioned movement process, the static friction force generated when the core soil 5 contacts the inner wall of the drill bit 4 can be destroyed by the drill bit that moves up and down, and the static friction force is converted into rolling friction force, so that the core soil 5 can smoothly pass through the drill bit 4 and the inner cylinder 301 and enter the first drill rod 2, providing convenient conditions for the later collection of core soil 5 samples.

[0054] A rotating mechanism for driving the first drill rod 2 to rotate is installed on the frame 1; the rotating mechanism includes a fixed frame 112 welded to the frame 1, and the first drill rod 2 is rotatably set on the fixed frame 112 through a bearing. A driven wheel 110 is installed on the outer wall of the first drill rod 2, and the driven wheel 110 and the driving wheel 106 are gears. A driving motor 105 is installed on the frame 1, and a driving wheel 106 is installed on the output end of the driving motor 105. A belt 107 is installed between the driving wheel 106 and the driven wheel 110, and the belt 107 is a belt-type toothed belt structure. Through the above, the driving force output by the driving motor 105 can be transmitted to the first drill rod 2, ensuring that the drill bit 4 can be screwed into the soil and sample the soil.

[0055] A drive mechanism is mounted on the base 103, which is used to drive the frame 1 to reciprocate in the vertical direction. The drive mechanism includes a first telescopic rod 104 mounted on the base 103 via a pin. The base 103 is equipped with a guide mechanism for guiding the frame 1 in the vertical direction. The telescopic end of the first telescopic rod 104 is connected to the frame 1. This allows the first telescopic rod 104 to be driven to extend and retract via hydraulic equipment, thereby driving the first drill rod 2 into the ground, ensuring that the drill bit 4 can smoothly enter the soil and perform soil sampling operations.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first telescopic rod 104 in the driving mechanism gradually retracts into its body, and the first telescopic rod 104 applies a downward vertical pressure to the frame 1 and the first drill rod 2 arranged on the frame 1; the driving motor 105 arranged in the rotating mechanism drives the first drill rod 2 to perform circular motion on the frame 1 through the driving wheel 106, the belt 107 and the driven wheel 110, and the drill bit 4 is driven into the soil under the joint action of the driving mechanism and the rotating mechanism, ensuring that the soil sampling work of this structure is carried out smoothly.

[0057] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the guide mechanism includes a number of guide rods 102 arranged around the base 103. The number of guide rods 102 is 4, and the guide rods 102 are all welded to the base 103. The free ends of the four guide rods 102 are all inserted into the four prisms of the frame 1. In this way, the free ends of the guide rods 102 are all slidably set in the frame 1 to ensure that when the first telescopic rod 104 is extended or retracted, the frame 1 can move in the vertical direction under the push of the first telescopic rod 104, thereby avoiding the first drill rod 2 from tilting, which makes it impossible to smoothly carry out the soil sampling work.

[0058] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a sampling mechanism for taking out the cored soil 5 placed in the first drill rod 2 is installed on the frame 1 .

[0059] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the sampling mechanism includes a mounting frame 108 fixedly mounted on the frame 1 by bolts. The mounting frame 108 is a rectangular frame structure. A winch 101 is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 108 via a rotating shaft. A traction rope 109 is wound around the winch 101. The traction rope 109 is a cable or a steel rope. A clamping structure is mounted on the free end of the traction rope 109. The clamping structure is slidably disposed within the first drill rod 2.

[0060] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the clamping structure includes a second telescopic rod 203 connected to the traction rope 109. A stabilizing seat 113 is also mounted on the second telescopic rod 203 and connected to the free end of the traction rope 109. The stabilizing seat 113 can overlap the first drill rod 2 to limit the main body of the second telescopic rod 203, allowing the telescopic end of the second telescopic rod 203 to enter the first drill rod 2 to adjust the depth of the clamping plate 201 within the first drill rod 2. A mounting seat 202 is slidably provided within the first drill rod 2. A limit bar is welded to the mounting seat 202, and a limit groove is vertically provided on the inner wall of the first drill rod 2 to match the limit bar, preventing the second telescopic rod 203 connected to the mounting seat 202 from rotating. The mounting seat 202 has a mounting slot on its sidewall opposite the drill bit 4. An adjustment seat 204 is mounted within the mounting slot. The inner wall of the mounting slot has an internal thread that is threadedly connected to the adjustment seat 204. The outer wall of the adjustment seat 204 has an external thread that engages with the internal thread. The inner wall of the adjustment seat 204 has an annular inner conical surface, with the larger diameter end of the inner conical surface facing the drill bit 4. The cross-section of the adjustment seat 204 is a right-angled trapezoid, with the hypotenuse facing away from the inner wall of the first drill rod 2 and the lower base of the right-angled trapezoid contacting the bottom of the mounting slot. A plurality of plywood 201 are mounted within the mounting slot. The four plywood 201 are arc-shaped and, when combined, form a circular ring. The upper ends of the plywood 201 abut the larger diameter end of the inner conical surface. A plurality of limiting grooves corresponding to the splint 201 are provided on the side wall of the mounting seat 202, and limiting rods 206 connected to the splint 201 are passed through the limiting grooves, and positioning springs 205 are installed in the limiting grooves. A slider 207 is installed on the free end of the positioning spring 205, and the slider 207 is a dovetail block. A limiting groove adapted to the slider 207 is provided on the outer wall of the limiting rod 206 along its extension direction, and the limiting groove is a dovetail groove.

[0061] The sampling mechanism operates as follows: after the first and second drill rods 2 and 3 stop rotating, the capstan 101 mounted on the mounting frame 108 gradually releases the traction rope 109 wound thereon. The clamping structure, utilizing the downward force, pulls the traction rope 109 gradually into the first drill rod 2. Four ring-shaped clamping plates 201 gradually enclose the cored soil 5 within the first drill rod 2. Subsequently, the telescopic end of the second telescopic rod 203 pushes the mounting seat 202 toward the top of the cored soil 5. At this point, the adjustment seat 204 mounted on the mounting seat 202 pushes the clamping plates 201 toward each other in a radial direction of the adjustment seat 204. Furthermore, the adjustment spring 205, which abuts the limit rod 206 via the slider 207, is compressed, and a portion of the limit rod 206 extends out of the mounting seat 202. The core soil 5 is thus wrapped around its outer layer while being clamped. Furthermore, a plurality of spring plates 208 corresponding to the clamping plates 201 are mounted on the upper bottom edge of the positioning seat 204. Limiting protrusions are mounted on the sidewalls where the spring plates 208 abut against the clamping plates 201. Multiple locking grooves corresponding to the limiting protrusions are formed on the outer sidewalls of the clamping plates 201 along the axial direction of the first drill rod 2. This prevents the clamping force of the clamping plates 201 from suddenly decreasing or losing after the clamping force is reversed when the traction rope is used to pull the clamping structure out of the first drill rod 2, preventing the core soil 5 from being smoothly removed from the first drill rod 2.

[0062] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device for geological exploration, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1) and a base (103), wherein a first drill rod (2) is rotatably provided on one side of the frame (1), a second drill rod (3) is detachably provided on the first drill rod (2), and a tubular drill bit (4) is installed at the end of the second drill rod (3) facing away from the first drill rod (2); The second drill rod (3), the first drill rod (2) and the drill bit (4) are connected to form a tubular channel; An inner cylinder (301) is slidably provided in the tubular passage, an annular groove (401) is provided on the end surface of the drill bit (4) opposite to the inner cylinder (301), and a portion of the inner cylinder (301) is embedded in the annular groove (401); a positioning mechanism for driving the inner cylinder (301) to reciprocate in a vertical direction is provided in the second drill rod (3); a plurality of annular first rolling elements (309) are rotatably provided on the inner wall of the inner cylinder (301); A plurality of annular second rolling elements (310) are rotatably provided on the inner wall of the drill bit (4); A rotating mechanism for driving the first drill rod (2) to rotate is installed on the frame (1); A driving mechanism for driving the frame (1) to reciprocate in a vertical direction is installed on the base (103); the positioning mechanism includes a positioning cylinder (302) installed between the outer wall of the inner cylinder (301) and the inner wall of the second drill rod (3); the outer wall of the positioning cylinder (302) is connected to the inner wall of the second drill rod (3); and two protrusions are symmetrically provided on the side wall of the positioning cylinder (302) opposite to the drill bit (4); A guide ring (305) is installed between the outer wall of the inner cylinder (301) and the inner wall of the second drill rod (3); a retaining frame (306) for supporting the guide ring (305) is installed on the inner wall of the second drill rod (3); a plurality of push rods (303) are passed through the side wall of the guide ring (305); a return spring (304) connected to the guide ring (305) is sleeved on the push rod (303); a connecting block (307) is provided at one end of the push rod (303) close to the drill bit (4); and the connecting block (307) is connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder (301); A first air guide channel (311) is provided in the inner tube (301); a first exhaust channel (312) communicating with the first air guide channel (311) is provided on the inner wall of the inner tube (301); and a second air guide channel (405) is provided in the drill bit (4); a second exhaust channel (403) communicating with the second air guide channel (405) is provided on the inner wall of the drill bit (4); the second air guide channel (405) is communicated with the annular groove (401), and the first air guide channel (311) and the annular groove (401) are also communicated with each other. The first air guide channel (311) is communicated with an external high-pressure air supply device.

2. A soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism comprises a fixing frame (112) mounted on the frame (1); the first drill rod (2) is rotatably mounted on the fixing frame (112); a driven wheel (110) is mounted on the outer side wall of the first drill rod (2); a driving motor (105) is mounted on the frame (1); a driving wheel (106) is mounted on the output end of the driving motor (105); and a belt (107) is mounted between the driving wheel (106) and the driven wheel (110).

3. The soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a first telescopic rod (104) mounted on the base (103); a guide mechanism for guiding the frame (1) to move in a vertical direction is provided on the base (103); a telescopic end of the first telescopic rod (104) is connected to the frame (1).

4. The soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide bar (402) is installed on the outer side wall of the drill bit (4) along the axial direction of the second drill rod (3), and a guide groove adapted to the guide bar (402) is opened on the inner side wall of the second drill rod (3) along its axial direction, and a retaining spring (404) connected to the guide bar (402) is installed in the guide groove.

5. The soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining frame (306) includes two limiting rings installed on the inner wall of the second drill rod (3), the guide ring (305) is installed between the two limiting rings, and sliding seats (308) are installed on the opposite side walls of the two limiting rings, and the sliding seats (308) are in contact with the guide rings (305).

6. The soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide mechanism comprises a plurality of guide rods (102) arranged around the base (103), and the free ends of the guide rods (102) are all slidably arranged in the frame (1).

7. A soil sampling device for geological exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A sampling mechanism for taking out the cored soil (5) placed in the first drill rod (2) is installed on the frame (1).

8. The soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sampling mechanism comprises a mounting frame (108) mounted on the frame (1), a winch (101) being rotatably provided on the mounting frame (108), a traction rope (109) being wound around the winch (101), a clamping structure being mounted on the free end of the traction rope (109), and the clamping structure being slidably arranged in the first drill rod (2).

9. The soil sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The clamping structure comprises a second telescopic rod (203) connected to the traction rope (109); a mounting seat (202) is slidably provided in the first drill rod (2); a mounting groove is provided on the side wall of the mounting seat (202) opposite to the drill bit (4); an adjusting seat (204) is installed in the mounting groove; an annular inner conical surface is provided on the inner wall of the adjusting seat (204); the large diameter end of the inner conical surface faces the drill bit (4); a plurality of clamping plates (201) are installed in the mounting groove; a plurality of limiting grooves corresponding to the clamping plates (201) are provided on the side wall of the mounting seat (202); and a plurality of positioning grooves corresponding to the positioning grooves are provided in the limiting grooves. A limiting rod (206) is connected to the mounting base (201), and a positioning spring (205) is installed in each of the limiting grooves. A slider (207) is installed on the free end of the positioning spring (205). A limiting groove adapted to the slider (207) is provided on the outer wall of the limiting rod (206) along its extension direction; a plurality of spring sheets (208) corresponding to the splint (201) are installed on the side wall of the positioning seat (204) away from the mounting seat (202), and a limiting protrusion is installed on the side wall where the spring sheet (208) abuts against the splint (201), and a plurality of locking grooves adapted to the limiting protrusion are provided on the outer wall of the splint (201).

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