A comprehensive performance verification method for wear-resistant layers of turbine blades

Abstract

This invention relates to a comprehensive performance verification method for the wear-resistant layer of turbine blades, belonging to the field of turbine blade technology. The method includes melting performance testing, pressure resistance testing, wear resistance testing, high-temperature hardness testing, and tensile shear testing. The melting performance test is performed on a welding electrode made of a first material; the pressure resistance test is performed on a first wear-resistant layer made of the first material; the wear resistance test is performed on a second and third wear-resistant layer made of the first material; the high-temperature hardness test is performed on a fourth wear-resistant layer made of the first material; and the tensile shear test is performed on the blade crown wear-resistant layer made of the first material. The beneficial effect is that by conducting melting performance testing, pressure resistance testing, wear resistance testing, high-temperature hardness testing, and tensile shear testing on the welding electrode made of the first material, a comprehensive performance test of the welding electrode made of the first material is achieved, thereby determining whether the welding electrode made of the first material can be used to process blades, ensuring the processing quality and safety of the blades.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turbine blade technology, specifically to a method for verifying the comprehensive performance of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the high-temperature hardness, wear resistance, pressure resistance, and shear resistance of the wear-resistant alloy layer on the blade crown meshing surface of aero-engine turbine blades are relatively low. Meanwhile, turbine blades undergo mutual vibration and impact under complex operating conditions such as high temperature, high load, high centrifugal force, and thermal stress. This exacerbates the tendency of the low-hardness wear-resistant layer to develop large pits and accelerate wear, potentially leading to corner chipping or even fragmentation. This results in increased blade crown clearance and vibration, impacting and posing risks to aero-engine performance. Therefore, it is necessary to verify the comprehensive performance of the turbine blade wear-resistant layer.

[0003] Therefore, a comprehensive performance verification method for the wear-resistant layer of turbine blades is provided to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is how to test the comprehensive performance of the wear-resistant layer of turbine blades.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A comprehensive performance verification method for the wear-resistant layer of turbine blades, including melting performance test, pressure resistance test, wear resistance test, high temperature hardness test and tensile shear test:

[0006] The melting performance test includes: step 1001, depositing welding rods onto a square plate of a different material, wherein the material of the welding rods is the first material; step 1002, observing the appearance of the weld on the square plate and determining whether the appearance of the weld meets the requirements for weld appearance.

[0007] The pressure resistance test includes: step 2001, preparing a pressure resistance test block, wherein the two ends of the pressure resistance test block are welded together with welding rods of a first material to form a first wear-resistant layer, and the material of the first wear-resistant layer is different from the material of the pressure resistance test block; step 2002, performing a compressive strength test on the two ends of the pressure resistance test block according to a first preset requirement, obtaining the compressive strength value of the first wear-resistant layer, and determining whether the compressive strength value meets the compressive strength requirement;

[0008] The wear resistance test includes: Step 3001, preparing a wear-resistant block, the wear-resistant block including an upper wear-resistant test block and a lower wear-resistant test block, the bottom of the upper wear-resistant test block being overlaid with a second wear-resistant layer of a different material, the material of the second wear-resistant layer being the first material, the top of the lower wear-resistant test block being overlaid with a third wear-resistant layer of a different material, the material of the third wear-resistant layer being the first material; Step 3002, placing the upper wear-resistant test block above the lower wear-resistant test block, and making the second wear-resistant layer abut against the third wear-resistant layer; Step 3003, performing a reciprocating friction and wear test on the upper wear-resistant test block and the lower wear-resistant test block to obtain the friction coefficient between the second wear-resistant layer and the third wear-resistant layer, and determining whether the friction coefficient meets the friction coefficient requirements;

[0009] The high-temperature hardness test includes: step 4001, preparing a high-temperature hardness test block, wherein the top of the high-temperature hardness test block is overlaid with a fourth wear-resistant layer of a different material, the material of the fourth wear-resistant layer being the first material, and the bottom of the high-temperature hardness test block having heating holes; step 4002, after heating the high-temperature hardness test block to a preset high temperature through the heating holes, performing a high-temperature hardness test on the fourth wear-resistant layer according to a second preset requirement, measuring the indentation surface area of ​​the fourth wear-resistant layer, obtaining the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer, and determining whether the Vickers hardness value meets the Vickers hardness value requirement;

[0010] The tensile shear test includes: Step 5001, preparing a tensile shear assembly, the tensile shear assembly including a blade and a shear hook, the blade crown having a crown wear-resistant layer of a different material welded on it, the material of the crown wear-resistant layer being a first material, the top of the shear hook being fixedly connected to one end of a tensile testing machine, the bottom of the shear hook abutting against the crown wear-resistant layer, and the tenon of the blade being fixedly connected to the other end of the tensile testing machine; Step 5002, performing a tensile shear test on the crown wear-resistant layer to obtain the maximum shear force value of the crown wear-resistant layer, and determining whether the maximum shear force value meets the maximum shear force value requirement.

[0011] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that by conducting a melting performance test on a square plate with a welding electrode of the first material, and by observing whether the appearance of the welding electrode meets the requirements of the weld appearance, the process performance of the welding electrode of the first material can be determined.

[0012] A pressure resistance test is conducted on the first wear-resistant layer made of the first material on the pressure-resistant test block. By observing the strength of the deformation of the first wear-resistant layer, it is determined whether the compressive strength value of the first wear-resistant layer meets the compressive strength requirements, and thus the pressure resistance of the first wear-resistant layer made of the first material is determined.

[0013] Wear resistance tests were conducted on the upper and lower wear-resistant test blocks. The wear resistance of the second wear-resistant layer (made of the first material) on the upper wear-resistant test block and the third wear-resistant layer (made of the first material) on the lower wear-resistant test block was determined by judging whether the coefficient of friction between them met the requirements.

[0014] After the high-temperature hardness test block is heated to the preset temperature through the heating hole, a high-temperature hardness test is then conducted on the fourth wear-resistant layer made of the first material. By judging whether the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer meets the Vickers hardness value requirement, the high-temperature hardness performance of the fourth wear-resistant layer made of the first material is then judged.

[0015] After the blade is fixedly connected to the tensile testing machine via the shear hook, a tensile shear test is then performed on the wear-resistant layer of the blade crown, which is made of the first material. By judging whether the maximum shear force of the wear-resistant layer of the blade crown meets the maximum shear force requirement, the shear resistance performance of the wear-resistant layer of the blade crown made of the first material is determined.

[0016] By conducting melting performance tests, pressure resistance tests, wear resistance tests, high temperature hardness tests, and tensile shear tests on the welding electrodes of the first material, a comprehensive performance test can be performed on the welding electrodes of the first material. This allows for a determination of whether the welding electrodes of the first material can be used to process blades, ensuring the processing quality and safety of the blades.

[0017] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0018] Furthermore, in the pressure resistance test, the material is cylindrical with a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 17 mm. The cross-section of the first wear-resistant layer is circular with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 4 mm.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: by conducting a pressure resistance test on the first wear-resistant layer on the pressure-resistant test block, the pressure resistance of the first wear-resistant layer material can be determined. The precise dimensions of the first wear-resistant layer can improve its wear resistance during blade movement and prevent it from falling off due to vibration and impact during blade movement.

[0020] Furthermore, in the pressure resistance test, the compressive strength value is calculated by the following formula: P = F / S; where P represents the compressive strength, F represents the minimum force when the first wear-resistant layer yields, and S represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the first wear-resistant layer.

[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by observing the compressive strength of the first wear-resistant layer in the pressure resistance test and whether the appearance of the first wear-resistant layer is severely deformed, it can be determined whether the pressure resistance of the first wear-resistant layer of the material meets the pressure resistance requirements.

[0022] Furthermore, in the wear resistance test, the wear-resistant upper test block is cylindrical, with a diameter of 4.8 mm and a height of 5.5 mm. The second wear-resistant layer includes a spherical wear-resistant layer and a cylindrical wear-resistant layer. The top of the spherical wear-resistant layer is arc-shaped, and the bottom of the spherical wear-resistant layer is fixedly connected to the top of the cylindrical wear-resistant layer. The bottom of the cylindrical wear-resistant layer is fixedly connected to the wear-resistant upper test block. The diameter of the second wear-resistant layer is 4.8 mm, and the thickness of the second wear-resistant layer is 3.5 mm.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are: by conducting wear resistance tests on the second wear-resistant layer on the wear-resistant test block, the wear resistance of the material of the second wear-resistant layer can be determined. The precise dimensions of the second wear-resistant layer can improve its wear resistance during blade movement, preventing the blade from losing its damping effect due to severe wear during blade movement, which would otherwise lead to an increase in the blade crown gap.

[0024] Furthermore, in the wear resistance test, the wear-resistant lower test block is cylindrical, with a diameter of 12 mm and a height of 1 mm. The third wear-resistant layer is circular, with a diameter of 12 mm and a thickness of 2 mm.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are: by conducting wear resistance tests on the third wear-resistant layer on the wear-resistant test block, the wear resistance of the material of the third wear-resistant layer can be determined. The precise dimensions of the third wear-resistant layer can improve its wear resistance during blade movement, avoiding the increase in the blade crown gap and loss of its damping effect due to severe wear during blade movement.

[0026] Furthermore, in the wear resistance test, the coefficient of friction is calculated using the following formula: G = M1 - M2 / A, where G represents the coefficient of friction, M1 represents the sum of the weights of the second wear-resistant layer and the third wear-resistant layer before wear, M2 represents the sum of the weights of the second wear-resistant layer and the third wear-resistant layer after wear, and A represents the sum of the areas of the second wear-resistant layer and the third wear-resistant layer that are worn.

[0027] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by judging the magnitude of the friction coefficient between the second wear-resistant layer on the upper wear-resistant test block and the third wear-resistant layer on the lower wear-resistant test block, it can be determined whether the wear resistance of the second and third wear-resistant layers of the material meets the wear resistance requirements.

[0028] Furthermore, in the high-temperature hardness test, the high-temperature hardness test block is cylindrical, with a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 2 mm. The fourth wear-resistant layer is circular, with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 3 mm. The heating hole has a diameter of 2 mm and a depth of 2 mm.

[0029] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are as follows: By conducting a high-temperature hardness test on the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 on the high-temperature hardness test block 5, the high-temperature hardness performance of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 material can be determined. This prevents the blade 7 from developing pits and deforming under vibration and impact during operation due to insufficient hardness of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501, which would increase the blade crown clearance and cause it to lose its damping effect. Precise dimensions of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 can improve its wear resistance during the movement of the blade 7.

[0030] Furthermore, in the high-temperature hardness test, the Vickers hardness value is calculated using the following formula: HV = F / S, where HV represents the Vickers hardness value, F represents the load, and S represents the indentation surface area.

[0031] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that by observing the difference between the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer and the Vickers hardness value of the blade matrix material in the high-temperature hardness test, it can be determined whether the fourth wear-resistant layer of the material meets the high-temperature hardness performance requirements.

[0032] Furthermore, in the tensile shear test, the shear hook includes a first shear column, a second shear column, and a third shear column. The top of the first shear column is fixedly connected to one end of the tensile testing machine, the bottom of the first shear column is fixedly connected to the top of the second shear column, the bottom of the second shear column is fixedly connected to the top of the third shear column, and the blade crown wear-resistant layer is located above the bottom plate of the third shear column and abuts against it.

[0033] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the shear resistance of the blade wear-resistant layer can be determined by conducting a tensile shear test on the blade wear-resistant layer that abuts against the shear hook.

[0034] Furthermore, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer of the leaf crown is the same as the height of the third shear column. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the square plate structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the weld formed by the welding rod of the present invention depositing on a square plate;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure-resistant test block of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wear-resistant upper test block of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wear-resistant test block of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-temperature hardness test block of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the shearing hook of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the blade structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a side view of the blade of the present invention.

[0044] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0045] 1. Square plate; 2. Pressure-resistant test block; 201. First wear-resistant layer; 3. Upper wear-resistant test block; 301. Second wear-resistant layer; 302. Spherical wear-resistant layer; 303. Columnar wear-resistant layer; 4. Lower wear-resistant test block; 401. Third wear-resistant layer; 5. High-temperature hardness test block; 501. Fourth wear-resistant layer; 502. Heating hole; 6. Shear hook; 601. First shear column; 602. Second shear column; 603. Third shear column; 7. Blade; 701. Blade crown wear-resistant layer. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0047] like Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a comprehensive performance verification method for the wear-resistant layer of turbine blades, including melting performance test, pressure resistance test, wear resistance test, high temperature hardness test, and tensile shear test:

[0048] The melting performance test includes: step 1001, depositing welding rods onto a square plate 1 of a different material, wherein the material of the welding rods is the first material; step 1002, observing the appearance of the weld on the square plate 1 and determining whether the appearance of the weld meets the requirements for weld appearance.

[0049] The pressure resistance test includes: step 2001, preparing a pressure resistance test block 2, wherein the two ends of the pressure resistance test block 2 are welded together with welding rods of a first material to form a first wear-resistant layer 201, wherein the material of the first wear-resistant layer 201 is different from the material of the pressure resistance test block 2; step 2002, performing a compressive strength test on the two ends of the pressure resistance test block 2 according to a first preset requirement, obtaining the compressive strength value of the first wear-resistant layer 201, and determining whether the compressive strength value meets the compressive strength requirement;

[0050] The wear resistance test includes: Step 3001, preparing a wear-resistant block, the wear-resistant block including an upper wear-resistant test block 3 and a lower wear-resistant test block 4, the bottom of the upper wear-resistant test block 3 having a second wear-resistant layer 301 of a different material, the second wear-resistant layer 301 being made of a first material, the top of the lower wear-resistant test block 4 having a third wear-resistant layer 401 of a different material, the third wear-resistant layer 401 being made of the first material; Step 3002, placing the upper wear-resistant test block 3 above the lower wear-resistant test block 4, and making the second wear-resistant layer 301 abut against the third wear-resistant layer 401; Step 3003, performing a reciprocating friction and wear test on the upper wear-resistant test block 3 and the lower wear-resistant test block 4 to obtain the friction coefficient between the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401, and determining whether the friction coefficient meets the friction coefficient requirements;

[0051] The high-temperature hardness test includes: Step 4001, preparing a high-temperature hardness test block 5, wherein the top of the high-temperature hardness test block 5 is overlaid with a fourth wear-resistant layer 501 of a different material, the material of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 being the first material, and the bottom of the high-temperature hardness test block 5 having a heating hole 502; Step 4002, after heating the high-temperature hardness test block 5 to a preset high temperature through the heating hole 502, performing a high-temperature hardness test on the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 according to a second preset requirement, measuring the indentation surface area of ​​the fourth wear-resistant layer 501, obtaining the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501, and determining whether the Vickers hardness value meets the Vickers hardness value requirement.

[0052] The tensile shear test includes: Step 5001, preparing a tensile shear assembly, the tensile shear assembly including a blade 7 and a shear hook 6, the blade 7 having a crown wear-resistant layer 701 of a different material welded on its crown, the material of the crown wear-resistant layer 701 being a first material, the top of the shear hook 6 being fixedly connected to one end of a tensile testing machine, the bottom of the shear hook 6 abutting against the crown wear-resistant layer 701, and the tenon of the blade 7 being fixedly connected to the other end of the tensile testing machine; Step 5002, performing a tensile shear test on the crown wear-resistant layer 701 to obtain the maximum shear force value of the crown wear-resistant layer 701, and determining whether the maximum shear force value meets the maximum shear force value requirement.

[0053] A melting performance test is conducted on a square plate 1 using a welding electrode made of the first material. By observing whether the appearance of the welding electrode meets the requirements for weld appearance, the process performance of the welding electrode made of the first material can be determined.

[0054] A pressure resistance test is conducted on the first wear-resistant layer 201 made of the first material on the pressure-resistant test block 2. By observing the strength of the deformation of the first wear-resistant layer 201, it is determined whether the compressive strength value of the first wear-resistant layer 201 meets the compressive strength requirements, and thus the pressure resistance of the first wear-resistant layer 201 made of the first material is determined.

[0055] Wear resistance tests are conducted on the upper wear-resistant test block 3 and the lower wear-resistant test block 4. The wear resistance of the second wear-resistant layer 301 made of the first material on the upper wear-resistant test block 3 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 made of the first material on the lower wear-resistant test block 4 are determined by judging whether the friction coefficient between them meets the friction coefficient requirements.

[0056] After the high-temperature hardness test block 5 is heated to the preset temperature through the heating hole 502, the fourth wear-resistant layer 501, which is made of the first material, is subjected to a high-temperature hardness test. By judging whether the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 meets the Vickers hardness value requirement, the high-temperature hardness performance of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501, which is made of the first material, is then judged.

[0057] After the blade 7 is fixedly connected to the tensile testing machine via the shear hook 6, a tensile shear test is then performed on the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 made of the first material on the blade 7. By judging whether the value of the maximum shear force of the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 meets the maximum shear force value requirement, the shear resistance performance of the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 made of the first material is then judged.

[0058] By conducting melting performance tests, pressure resistance tests, wear resistance tests, high temperature hardness tests, and tensile shear tests on the welding electrodes of the first material, a comprehensive performance test can be performed on the welding electrodes of the first material. This allows for a determination of whether the welding electrodes of the first material can be used to process blade 7, ensuring the processing quality and safety of blade 7.

[0059] Specifically, in the melting performance test, if the electrode melts smoothly without spatter during the welding process, and the weld after the welding is completed exhibits a uniform fish-scale pattern and good adhesion strength, then the electrode demonstrates good process performance. (See below.) Figure 2 As shown, the weld after the overlay exhibits a uniform fish-scale pattern and is dense.

[0060] Meanwhile, TIG welding can be used to weld the welding rod onto the square plate 1. The welding process parameters include: welding machine current of 10A to 40A, argon gas flow rate of 10L / min, welding torch electrode diameter of 1.6mm and welding torch nozzle diameter of 10mm. This ensures that the welding rod will not be oxidized by air during the welding process and improves the accuracy of the melting performance test.

[0061] Among these methods, staff can choose to test different types of welding rods to determine which type of welding rod has the best process performance. Common welding rod materials include cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy (Co-Cr-Mo) or cobalt-chromium-tungsten alloy (Co-Cr-W).

[0062] In addition, in this embodiment, the following... Figure 1 As shown, the square plate 1 can be a cuboid with a length of 60±0.2mm, a width of 60±0.2mm, and a height of 2±0.2mm; alternatively, different shapes of cuboids, such as cylinders, can be selected according to actual needs. The material of the square plate 1 is stainless steel or a heat-resistant alloy.

[0063] Furthermore, before conducting the melting performance test, the welding rod to be tested and the square plate 1 need to be cleaned, and the welding rod should be melted in a continuous and regular manner to obtain a weld with a width of 5-15 mm and a thickness of 3-5 mm.

[0064] Based on the above scheme, in the pressure resistance test, the pressure resistance test block 2 is cylindrical, the diameter of the pressure resistance test block 2 is 10mm, the height of the pressure resistance test block 2 is 17mm, the cross-section of the first wear-resistant layer 201 is circular, the diameter of the first wear-resistant layer 201 is 10mm, and the thickness of the first wear-resistant layer 201 is 4mm.

[0065] By conducting a pressure resistance test on the first wear-resistant layer 201 on the pressure-resistant test block 2, the pressure resistance of the material of the first wear-resistant layer 201 can be determined. The precise dimensions of the first wear-resistant layer 201 can improve the wear resistance of the first wear-resistant layer 201 during the movement of the blade 7 and prevent it from falling off due to vibration and impact during the movement of the blade 7.

[0066] Specifically, the precise dimensions of the first wear-resistant layer 201 prevent the first wear-resistant layer 201 from being too thick, causing the blade 7 to fall off due to vibration and impact during movement, while also preventing the first wear-resistant layer 201 from being too thin and not wear-resistant, thus reducing the processing quality of the blade 7.

[0067] Specifically, the compressive strength test can be conducted according to the first preset requirements of GB / T7314-2017, that is, by using a compressive strength testing machine to apply an increasing unidirectional compressive force to the first wear-resistant layer 201 to determine the compressive strength of the material of the first wear-resistant layer 201.

[0068] The workers should weld the first wear-resistant layer 201 and the pressure-resistant test block 2 according to the specific requirements of the set welding process to ensure that the thickness of the pressure-resistant test block 2 is uniform after welding.

[0069] Specifically, the material of pressure-resistant test block 2 is a high-temperature alloy layer.

[0070] The height error of the pressure-resistant test block 2 is 0.2 mm, the diameter error of the pressure-resistant test block 2 is 0.2 mm, and the height error of the first wear-resistant layer 201 is 0.2 mm.

[0071] Based on the above scheme, in the pressure resistance test, the compressive strength value is calculated by the following formula: P = F / S; where P represents the compressive strength, F represents the minimum force that the first wear-resistant layer 201 experiences when it yields, and S represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the first wear-resistant layer 201.

[0072] By observing the compressive strength value of the first wear-resistant layer 201 in the pressure resistance test and whether the appearance of the first wear-resistant layer 201 is severely deformed, it can be determined whether the pressure resistance of the first wear-resistant layer 201 of this material meets the pressure resistance requirements.

[0073] Specifically, the higher the compressive strength value, the greater the pressure that the first wear-resistant layer 201 can withstand without being damaged, indicating stronger stability and pressure resistance, thus proving that the material is of better quality.

[0074] Meanwhile, if the first wear-resistant layer 201 does not show serious deformation or cracks after the compressive strength test, it proves that the material of the first wear-resistant layer 201 has good compressive strength.

[0075] Based on the above scheme, in the wear resistance test, the wear-resistant upper test block 3 is cylindrical, the diameter of the wear-resistant upper test block 3 is 4.8mm, the height of the wear-resistant upper test block 3 is 5.5mm, the second wear-resistant layer 301 includes a spherical wear-resistant layer 302 and a cylindrical wear-resistant layer 303, the top of the spherical wear-resistant layer 302 is arc-shaped, the bottom of the spherical wear-resistant layer 302 is fixedly connected to the top of the cylindrical wear-resistant layer 303, the bottom of the cylindrical wear-resistant layer 303 is fixedly connected to the wear-resistant upper test block 3, the diameter of the second wear-resistant layer 301 is 4.8mm, and the thickness of the second wear-resistant layer 301 is 3.5mm.

[0076] By conducting a wear resistance test on the second wear-resistant layer 301 on the wear-resistant test block 3, the wear resistance of the material of the second wear-resistant layer 301 can be determined. The precise dimensions of the second wear-resistant layer 301 can improve its wear resistance during the movement of the blade 7, and prevent the blade 7 from losing its damping effect due to severe wear during the movement of the blade 7.

[0077] Specifically, the precise dimensions of the second wear-resistant layer 301 prevent the second wear-resistant layer 301 from being too thick, causing the blade 7 to fall off due to vibration and impact during movement, while also preventing the second wear-resistant layer 301 from being too thin and not wear-resistant, thus reducing the processing quality of the blade 7.

[0078] The sum of the heights of the spherical wear-resistant layer 302 and the columnar wear-resistant layer 303 is 3.5 mm, and the radius of the spherical wear-resistant layer 302 is 4.75 mm.

[0079] In addition, the material of the wear-resistant upper test block 3 is a high-temperature alloy layer, and the height error of the wear-resistant upper test block 3 is 0.02mm.

[0080] Based on the above scheme, in the wear resistance test, the wear-resistant lower test block 4 is cylindrical, the diameter of the wear-resistant lower test block 4 is 12mm, the height of the wear-resistant lower test block 4 is 1mm, the third wear-resistant layer 401 is circular, the diameter of the third wear-resistant layer 401 is 12mm, and the thickness of the third wear-resistant layer 401 is 2mm.

[0081] By conducting a wear resistance test on the third wear-resistant layer 401 on the wear-resistant test block 4, the wear resistance of the material of the third wear-resistant layer 401 can be determined. The precise dimensions of the third wear-resistant layer 401 can improve its wear resistance during the movement of the blade 7, and prevent the blade 7 from losing its damping effect due to severe wear during the movement of the blade 7.

[0082] Specifically, the precise dimensions of the third wear-resistant layer 401 prevent the third wear-resistant layer 401 from being too thick, causing the blade 7 to fall off due to vibration and impact during movement, while also preventing the third wear-resistant layer 401 from being too thin and not wear-resistant, thus reducing the processing quality of the blade 7.

[0083] Specifically, a high-frequency reciprocating friction and wear testing machine was used to test the wear-resistant upper test block 3 and the wear-resistant lower test block 4. The test parameters included: a loading force of 90N, a reciprocating frequency of 30Hz that is steplessly adjustable, a test temperature of 700℃, a stroke of 0.8mm, and a test duration of 2 hours.

[0084] The workers should weld the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 to the wear-resistant upper test block 3 and the wear-resistant lower test block 4 according to the specific requirements of the set welding process, so as to ensure that the wear-resistant upper test block 3 and the wear-resistant lower test block 4 have uniform thickness after welding.

[0085] Specifically, the material of the wear-resistant test block 4 is a high-temperature alloy layer.

[0086] Among them, the height error of the wear-resistant test block 4 is 0.02mm.

[0087] Based on the above scheme, in the wear resistance test, the coefficient of friction is calculated by the following formula: G = M1 - M2 / A, where G represents the coefficient of friction, M1 represents the sum of the weights of the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 before wear, M2 represents the sum of the weights of the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 after wear, and A represents the sum of the areas of the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 that are worn.

[0088] By judging the magnitude of the coefficient of friction between the second wear-resistant layer 301 on the upper wear-resistant test block 3 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 on the lower wear-resistant test block 4, it can be determined whether the wear resistance of the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 of the material meets the wear resistance requirements.

[0089] Specifically, among the coefficients of friction between the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 made of different materials, the smaller the coefficient of friction, the better the wear resistance of the materials of the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401.

[0090] Based on the above scheme, in the high-temperature hardness test, the high-temperature hardness test block 5 is cylindrical, the diameter of the high-temperature hardness test block 5 is 10mm, the height of the high-temperature hardness test block 5 is 2mm, the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is circular, the diameter of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is 10mm, the thickness of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is 3mm, the diameter of the heating hole 502 is 2mm, and the depth of the heating hole 502 is 2mm.

[0091] By conducting a high-temperature hardness test on the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 on the high-temperature hardness test block 5, the high-temperature hardness performance of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 material can be determined. This prevents the blade 7 from developing pits and deforming under vibration and impact due to insufficient hardness of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 during operation, which would increase the blade crown clearance and cause it to lose its damping effect. The precise dimensions of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 can improve its wear resistance during the movement of the blade 7.

[0092] Specifically, the precise dimensions of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 prevent the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 from being too thick, causing the blade 7 to fall off due to vibration and impact during movement, while also preventing the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 from being too thin and not wear-resistant, thus reducing the processing quality of the blade 7.

[0093] Specifically, the high-temperature hardness test can be conducted according to the second preset requirement of GB / T 4340.1-2009 "Metallic materials Vickers hardness test - Part 1: Test method". That is, a four-sided pyramidal diamond indenter with a specified angle on the top two opposite faces is pressed into the surface of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 with a certain test force. After holding for a certain time, the test force is removed, and the surface area of ​​the indentation on the surface of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 can be measured.

[0094] In this embodiment, a diamond indenter in the shape of a square pyramid is used to press the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 with a load of 5 kg. After holding for 15 seconds, the test force is removed, and the surface area of ​​the indentation on the surface of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is measured.

[0095] Specifically, the material of the high-temperature hardness test block 5 is a high-temperature alloy layer.

[0096] The height error of the high-temperature hardness test block 5 is 0.5 mm, and the diameter error of the high-temperature hardness test block 5 is 0.1 mm.

[0097] In addition, such as Figure 6 As shown, the heating hole 502 is located in the middle of the high-temperature hardness test block 5.

[0098] Based on the above scheme, in the high-temperature hardness test, the Vickers hardness value is calculated by the following formula: HV=F / S, where HV represents the Vickers hardness value, F represents the load, and S represents the indentation surface area.

[0099] By observing the difference between the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 in the high-temperature hardness test and the Vickers hardness value of the substrate material of blade 1, it can be determined whether the high-temperature hardness performance of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 meets the high-temperature hardness performance requirements.

[0100] Specifically, if the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is higher than that of the blade substrate material, and the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 conforms to the trend of hardness gradually decreasing with increasing temperature, then the material of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is better.

[0101] The workers should weld the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 to the high-temperature hardness test block 5 according to the specific requirements of the set welding process to ensure that the thickness of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is uniform after welding.

[0102] In addition, the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 can also be obtained using a high-temperature hardness tester.

[0103] Based on the above scheme, in the tensile shear test, the shear hook 6 includes a first shear column 601, a second shear column 602, and a third shear column 603. The top of the first shear column 601 is fixedly connected to one end of the tensile testing machine, the bottom of the first shear column 601 is fixedly connected to the top of the second shear column 602, the bottom of the second shear column 602 is fixedly connected to the top of the third shear column 603, and the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 is located above the bottom plate of the third shear column 603 and abuts against it.

[0104] The blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 is fixed to a tensile testing machine via a first shear column 601, a second shear column 602, and a third shear column 603, and a tensile shear test is performed to determine the shear resistance of the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701.

[0105] Specifically, one end of the shear hook 6 is threaded to one end of the tensile testing machine, and the other end of the shear hook 6 is pressed against the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701, ensuring that the other end of the shear hook 6 is near the basic fusion zone between the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 and the blade crown of the blade 7.

[0106] During the test, a protective cover can be fixed on the tensile testing machine to prevent the abrasion-resistant layer 701 of the leaf crown from breaking off and flying out under the load, causing injury. At the same time, staff should maintain a sufficient safe distance from the tensile testing machine in accordance with relevant test requirements.

[0107] Based on the above scheme, the thickness of the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 is the same as the height of the third shear column 603.

[0108] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the diameter of the first shear column 601 is 10mm and the height of the first shear column 601 is 28.54mm; the diameter of the second shear column 602 is 4mm and the height of the second shear column 602 is 24.53mm; and the diameter of the third shear column 603 is 10mm and the height of the third shear column 603 is 4mm.

[0109] Among them, such as Figure 8 As shown, the wear-resistant layer 701 is welded onto the outer side of the blade 7 in the basin direction. The shape of the wear-resistant layer 701 can be set according to requirements.

[0110] Specifically, the outer surface of the first shear column 601 is externally threaded with a pitch of 12mm.

[0111] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0112] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0113] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0114] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0115] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0116] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for verifying the comprehensive performance of a wear-resistant layer on turbine blades, characterized in that, Including melt performance test, pressure resistance test, abrasion resistance test, high temperature hardness test, and tensile shear test: The melting performance test includes: step 1001, depositing welding rods onto a square plate (1) of a different material, wherein the material of the welding rods is the first material; step 1002, observing the appearance of the weld on the square plate (1) and determining whether the appearance of the weld meets the requirements of the weld appearance. The pressure resistance test includes: step 2001, preparing a pressure resistance test block (2), wherein the two ends of the pressure resistance test block (2) are welded together with welding rods of a first material to form a first wear-resistant layer (201), wherein the material of the first wear-resistant layer (201) is different from the material of the pressure resistance test block (2); step 2002, performing a compressive strength test on the two ends of the pressure resistance test block (2) according to a first preset requirement, obtaining the compressive strength value of the first wear-resistant layer (201), and determining whether the compressive strength value meets the compressive strength requirement; The wear resistance test includes: step 3001, preparing a wear-resistant block, the wear-resistant block including an upper wear-resistant test block (3) and a lower wear-resistant test block (4), the bottom of the upper wear-resistant test block (3) being overlaid with a second wear-resistant layer (301) of a different material, the material of the second wear-resistant layer (301) being the first material, and the top of the lower wear-resistant test block (4) being overlaid with a third wear-resistant layer (401) of a different material, the material of the third wear-resistant layer (401) being the first material; step Step 3002: Arrange the upper wear-resistant test block (3) above the lower wear-resistant test block (4) and make the second wear-resistant layer (301) abut against the third wear-resistant layer (401); Step 3003: Perform a reciprocating friction and wear test on the upper wear-resistant test block (3) and the lower wear-resistant test block (4) to obtain the friction coefficient between the second wear-resistant layer (301) and the third wear-resistant layer (401), and determine whether the friction coefficient meets the friction coefficient requirements; The high-temperature hardness test includes: step 4001, preparing a high-temperature hardness test block (5), the top of the high-temperature hardness test block (5) is overlaid with a fourth wear-resistant layer (501) of a different material, the material of the fourth wear-resistant layer (501) is the first material, and the bottom of the high-temperature hardness test block (5) has a heating hole (502); step 4002, heating the high-temperature hardness test block (5) to a preset high temperature through the heating hole (502), and then performing a high-temperature hardness test on the fourth wear-resistant layer (501) according to the second preset requirements, measuring the indentation surface area of ​​the fourth wear-resistant layer (501), obtaining the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer (501), and determining whether the Vickers hardness value meets the Vickers hardness value requirements; The tensile shear test includes: Step 5001, preparing a tensile shear assembly, the tensile shear assembly including a blade (7) and a shear hook (6), the blade (7) having a blade crown wear-resistant layer (701) of a different material welded on its crown, the blade crown wear-resistant layer (701) being made of a first material, the top of the shear hook (6) being fixedly connected to one end of a tensile testing machine, the bottom of the shear hook (6) abutting against the blade crown wear-resistant layer (701), and the tenon of the blade (7) being fixedly connected to the other end of the tensile testing machine; Step 5002, performing a tensile shear test on the blade crown wear-resistant layer (701) to obtain the maximum shear force value of the blade crown wear-resistant layer (701), and determining whether the maximum shear force value meets the maximum shear force value requirement.

2. The method for verifying the comprehensive performance of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the pressure resistance test, the pressure resistance test block (2) is cylindrical, the diameter of the pressure resistance test block (2) is 10 mm, the height of the pressure resistance test block (2) is 17 mm, the cross-section of the first wear-resistant layer (201) is circular, the diameter of the first wear-resistant layer (201) is 10 mm, and the thickness of the first wear-resistant layer (201) is 4 mm.

3. The method for verifying the comprehensive performance of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the pressure resistance test, the compressive strength value is calculated by the following formula: P = F / S; where P represents the compressive strength, F represents the minimum force that the first wear-resistant layer (201) experiences when it yields, and S represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the first wear-resistant layer (201).

4. The method for verifying the comprehensive performance of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the wear resistance test, the wear-resistant upper test block (3) is cylindrical, the diameter of the wear-resistant upper test block (3) is 4.8 mm, the height of the wear-resistant upper test block (3) is 5.5 mm, the second wear-resistant layer (301) includes a spherical wear-resistant layer (302) and a columnar wear-resistant layer (303), the top of the spherical wear-resistant layer (302) is arc-shaped, the bottom of the spherical wear-resistant layer (302) is fixedly connected to the top of the columnar wear-resistant layer (303), the bottom of the columnar wear-resistant layer (303) is fixedly connected to the wear-resistant upper test block (3), the diameter of the second wear-resistant layer (301) is 4.8 mm, and the thickness of the second wear-resistant layer (301) is 3.5 mm.

5. The method for verifying the comprehensive performance of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the wear resistance test, the wear-resistant lower test block (4) is cylindrical, the diameter of the wear-resistant lower test block (4) is 12mm, the height of the wear-resistant lower test block (4) is 1mm, the third wear-resistant layer (401) is circular, the diameter of the third wear-resistant layer (401) is 12mm, and the thickness of the third wear-resistant layer (401) is 2mm.

6. The method for verifying the comprehensive performance of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the wear resistance test, the coefficient of friction is calculated by the following formula: G = (M1 - M2) / A, where G represents the coefficient of friction, M1 represents the sum of the weights of the second wear-resistant layer (301) and the third wear-resistant layer (401) before wear, M2 represents the sum of the weights of the second wear-resistant layer (301) and the third wear-resistant layer (401) after wear, and A represents the sum of the areas of the second wear-resistant layer (301) and the third wear-resistant layer (401) that are worn.

7. The method for verifying the comprehensive performance of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the high-temperature hardness test, the high-temperature hardness test block (5) is cylindrical, the diameter of the high-temperature hardness test block (5) is 10 mm, the height of the high-temperature hardness test block (5) is 2 mm, the fourth wear-resistant layer (501) is circular, the diameter of the fourth wear-resistant layer (501) is 10 mm, the thickness of the fourth wear-resistant layer (501) is 3 mm, the diameter of the heating hole (502) is 2 mm, and the depth of the heating hole (502) is 2 mm.

8. The method for verifying the comprehensive performance of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the high-temperature hardness test, the Vickers hardness value is calculated using the following formula: HV = F / S, where HV represents the Vickers hardness value, F represents the load, and S represents the indentation surface area.

9. The method for verifying the comprehensive performance of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the tensile shear test, the shear hook (6) includes a first shear column (601), a second shear column (602), and a third shear column (603). The top of the first shear column (601) is fixedly connected to one end of the tensile testing machine, the bottom of the first shear column (601) is fixedly connected to the top of the second shear column (602), the bottom of the second shear column (602) is fixedly connected to the top of the third shear column (603), and the blade crown wear-resistant layer (701) is located above the bottom plate of the third shear column (603) and abuts against it.

10. The method for verifying the comprehensive performance of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thickness of the abrasion-resistant layer (701) is the same as the height of the third shear column (603).

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