Improved antenna with lateral directional bundling and reverse spatial rejection of planar antennas

Abstract

The invention provides an improved antenna with lateral directional bundling and reverse space denial of a planar antenna, and a planar radiation source of the planar antenna generates a reactance field based on self-coupling. According to the invention, by forming the conductive surface in the reactance field, the conductive surface meets certain size and area requirements along the direction of the reactance field and meets certain distance requirements with the planar antenna, so that electromagnetic induction of the reactance field on one side of the planar radiation source can be blocked by the conductive surface; the blocked reactance field energy can be fed back to the planar antenna through the conductive surface in a low-consumption or even non-consumption state, so that electromagnetic radiation generated by the improved antenna on the side based on electromagnetic induction can be blocked, and the improved antenna shows a low-back-lobe radiation characteristic on a radiation pattern; and the other side of the improved antenna is provided with a radiation wave beam which is intensified by bundling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of directional microwave detection based on the Doppler effect principle, and in particular to an improved antenna for lateral directional beam-gathering and reverse space denial of a planar antenna having directional radiation characteristics. Background Art

[0002] With the development of Internet of Things technology, artificial intelligence, smart home, and smart security technology have increasingly higher requirements for environmental detection, especially for the accuracy of detection of human presence, movement, and micro-motion characteristics. Only by obtaining sufficiently stable detection results can accurate judgment basis be provided for smart terminal devices. Among them, directional microwave detection technology based on the principle of Doppler effect is an important hub connecting people and objects, and objects and objects. It has unique advantages in behavior detection and existence detection technology. It can transmit a microwave beam and receive a reflected echo formed by the microwave beam reflected by the corresponding object without infringing on human privacy. In the subsequent mixing detection method based on the principle of Doppler effect, a Doppler intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the frequency difference between the microwave beam and the reflected echo is generated, so as to feedback the movement of the corresponding object with the Doppler intermediate frequency signal. When applied to the detection of human activities, including the detection of human breathing and heartbeat activities, it can realize the intelligent interconnection between people and objects and has Broad application prospects, however, due to the lack of effective means to constrain electromagnetic radiation in non-directional radiation directions, mainly reflected in the lack of means to constrain electromagnetic radiation in the backward direction of the directional radiation direction, the existing directional microwave detection modules actually still have a large range of radiation space in the backward direction of the directional radiation direction, which corresponds to the situation that the actual detection space of the existing microwave detection modules does not match the directional target detection space. In this way, there is a state of environmental interference in the reverse space of the directional target detection space, including motion interference, electromagnetic interference and self-excited interference caused by multipath reflection in an environment with multiple electromagnetic reflectors, resulting in the problems of poor detection accuracy and / or poor anti-interference performance of the existing directional microwave detection modules.

[0003] Specifically, the existing directional microwave detection module generally uses a planar antenna with directional radiation characteristics as its transmitting antenna and / or receiving antenna based on the directional detection requirements. Figure 1 As shown, a structure of an existing planar antenna 10 and a radiation pattern and an S11 curve corresponding to the structure are schematically shown, wherein the planar antenna 10 includes a reference ground 11 and a planar radiation source 12 which are arranged in the form of a planar metal layer and are spaced apart in a parallel state to each other, wherein in order to form a structural form in which the reference ground 11 and the planar radiation source 12 are spaced apart in a parallel state to each other, the reference ground 11 and the planar radiation source 12 which are arranged in the form of a planar metal layer are usually carried on two opposite surfaces of the same circuit substrate (such as Figure 1 As shown), or the reference ground 11 and the planar radiation source 12 set in the form of a planar metal layer are respectively carried on two circuit substrates, and based on the fixation between the two circuit substrates, a structural form is formed in which the reference ground 11 and the planar radiation source 12 are spaced apart in a state of being parallel to each other. Wherein, the planar radiation source 12 is set to be fed at a position deviated from its physical center point, including but not limited to being fed with at least one feeding structure of a probe feeding structure, a microstrip feeding structure, an edge feeding structure and an angle feeding structure, and the radiation pattern corresponding to the planar radiation source 12 in the fed state is shown in the figure, and the planar antenna 10 presents a directional radiation characteristic with the reference ground 11 toward the planar radiation source 12 as the directional radiation direction, and still has a large radiation gain in the backward direction of the directional radiation direction.

[0004] That is to say, the existing planar antenna 10 is widely used in directional microwave detection modules with directional detection requirements because of its directional radiation characteristics. However, the existing planar antenna 10 still has a large radiation gain in the backward direction of the directional radiation direction, so that the corresponding microwave detection module actually still has a large range of radiation space in the backward direction of the directional radiation direction, corresponding to the state of environmental interference in the reverse space of the directional target detection space, including motion interference, electromagnetic interference, and self-excited interference caused by multipath reflection in an environment with multiple electromagnetic reflectors, resulting in the existing directional microwave detection module. The problem of poor detection accuracy and / or poor anti-interference performance. Therefore, based on the basic understanding that the existing planar antenna 10 itself has directional radiation characteristics, in the improved antenna based on the existing planar antenna 10 as the structural basis, the technicians in this field are accustomed to constraining the radiation gain of the planar antenna 10 in the backward direction of the directional radiation direction as the improvement purpose / idea, and constraining the radiation gain of the planar radiation source 12 toward the reference ground 11 based on the corresponding structure and / or circuit design, but the actual improvement effect is not ideal. Summary of the invention

[0005] One object of the present invention is to provide an improved antenna with lateral directional beam focusing and reverse space denial of a planar antenna, wherein, relative to a conventional planar antenna with directional radiation characteristics, the improved antenna has a directional radiation direction that deviates laterally from the original directional radiation direction, and has a reception denial characteristic for electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space of the lateral directional radiation direction, and accordingly the improved antenna has good applicability and anti-interference performance in the field of directional microwave detection.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved antenna for lateral directional bundling and reverse spatial denial of a planar antenna, wherein the improved antenna further includes an electric field isolator based on the structure of the planar antenna, wherein based on the structure of the electric field isolator and the positional relationship between the electric field isolator and the planar antenna, the reactance field generated by the planar antenna based on its own coupling can be laterally directionally enhanced, so that the improved antenna exhibits lateral directional radiation characteristics and has a radiation beam with enhanced bundling in the lateral directional radiation direction.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved antenna for lateral directional beam focusing and reverse spatial denial of a planar antenna, wherein the improved antenna has a beam-enhanced radiation beam in the lateral directional radiation direction, and the improved antenna has a large lateral directional gain and exhibits a high front-to-back ratio characteristic, which is beneficial to ensuring the detection sensitivity of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved antenna for lateral directional bundling and reverse space rejection of a planar antenna, wherein based on the structure of the electric field isolator and its positional relationship with the planar antenna, the electromagnetic induction of the planar antenna in the reverse space in the lateral directional radiation direction due to the reactance field generated by its own coupling can be blocked, so that the electromagnetic radiation generated by the improved antenna in the reverse space due to electromagnetic induction can be blocked and the radiation pattern presents a radiation characteristic with a low back lobe, which is beneficial to the reception rejection of the electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space by the improved antenna based on the antenna's transmit-receive reciprocity characteristics.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved antenna for lateral directional focusing and reverse space rejection of a planar antenna, wherein based on the structure of the electric field isolator and its positional relationship with the planar antenna, the electromagnetic induction of the reactance field generated by the planar antenna based on its own coupling in the reverse space of the lateral directional radiation direction can be blocked, and the blocked reactance field energy can be fed back to the planar antenna through the electric field isolator in a low-consumption or even zero-consumption state, correspondingly enabling the reactance field of the planar antenna to be laterally directionally constrained, thereby achieving the focusing enhancement of the radiation beam of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved antenna for lateral directional bundling and reverse space rejection of a planar antenna, wherein the electric field isolator has a lateral bundling surface formed on a conductive material, wherein based on the structure of the electric field isolator and the positional relationship between the electric field isolator and the planar antenna, the lateral bundling surface satisfies certain size requirements along the direction of the reactance field generated by the planar antenna based on its own coupling and satisfies certain distance requirements between the planar antenna, so that the electromagnetic induction of the reactance field of the planar antenna in the reverse space can be blocked by the lateral bundling surface, and the blocked reactance field energy can be fed back to the planar antenna through the lateral bundling surface in a low-consumption or even zero-consumption state, correspondingly, the electromagnetic radiation generated by the improved antenna in the reverse space in the lateral directional radiation direction based on electromagnetic induction can be blocked, and the radiation characteristic of low back lobe is presented on the radiation pattern, and the improved antenna has a radiation beam with a bundling-enhanced radiation beam in the lateral directional radiation direction.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved antenna for lateral directional bundling and reverse space rejection of a planar antenna, wherein when the lateral bundling surface satisfies certain size requirements along the direction of the reactance field generated by the planar antenna based on its own coupling and satisfies certain distance requirements with the planar antenna, the improved antenna presents a radiation characteristic of low back lobe on the radiation pattern and can achieve reception rejection of electromagnetic radiation in reverse space based on the antenna's transmit-receive reciprocity characteristics, that is, the design of the lateral bundling surface that meets the above requirements can simultaneously achieve the bundling enhancement of the improved antenna in the lateral directional direction and the reception rejection of electromagnetic radiation in reverse space.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved antenna for lateral directional bundling and reverse space rejection of a planar antenna, wherein the electric field isolator has a reverse rejection surface formed on a conductive material, wherein based on the structure of the electric field isolator and the positional relationship between the electric field isolator and the planar antenna, the reverse rejection surface meets certain size requirements along the direction of the reactance field generated by the planar antenna based on its own coupling, and meets certain distance requirements between the planar antenna, so that the electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space can neither be received by the planar antenna in the form of electromagnetic waves through diffraction, nor can it affect the planar antenna based on the coupling between the reverse rejection surface and the planar antenna when it is received by the reverse rejection surface. Correspondingly, the reception rejection characteristics of the improved antenna for electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space can be further enhanced based on the design of the reverse rejection surface that meets the above requirements.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved antenna for lateral directional bundling and reverse spatial rejection of a planar antenna, wherein the reactance field generated by the planar antenna based on its own coupling is an induction field and there is no outwardly radiated energy, that is, when the lateral bundling surface is located in the reactance field generated by the planar antenna based on its own coupling, the lateral bundling surface does not have any reflection behavior in the lateral directional radiation process of the improved antenna based on electromagnetic induction, but when the improved antenna is independently or simultaneously used as a receiving antenna, the reflection ability of the lateral bundling surface to the electromagnetic radiation of the lateral directional space will not be limited, and the electromagnetic radiation of the lateral directional space can still be reflected by the lateral bundling surface to be received by the planar antenna, thereby improving the receiving sensitivity of the improved antenna when used as a receiving antenna.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved antenna for lateral directional beam focusing and reverse spatial denial of a planar antenna, wherein the shape of the electric field isolator and / or the positional relationship between the electric field isolator and the planar antenna are adjustably set so that, on the basis that the size of the reactance field generated by the lateral beam focusing surface based on the self-coupling of the planar antenna along the direction of the reactance field and the distance between the planar antenna meet the corresponding requirements, the beam deflection angle and bandwidth of the improved antenna can be adjusted based on the adjustment of the shape of the electric field isolator and / or the positional relationship between the electric field isolator and the planar antenna, so that the improved antenna can meet different detection requirements and have better applicability.

[0015] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an improved antenna for lateral directional beamforming and reverse space denial of a planar antenna, the improved antenna comprising:

[0016] At least one planar antenna, the planar antenna comprising a reference ground and a planar radiation source which are arranged in the form of a planar metal layer and are spaced apart in a state of being parallel to each other, wherein the planar radiation source is arranged at a position deviated from its physical center point to receive a feeding signal so as to be fed, and the planar antenna can form an initial polarization in a fed state and have a polarization direction; and

[0017] An electric field isolator, wherein the electric field isolator is set with a conductive material and has a lateral beam-gathering surface, a three-dimensional coordinate system with the physical center point of the planar radiation source as the origin O, and the X axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system is established on the planar radiation source along the polarization direction of the planar antenna, and the Y axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system is established on the planar radiation source, and the corresponding Z axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system is perpendicular to the planar radiation source, wherein a first spherical surface is defined with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the center and a first radius R1 as the radius, a second spherical surface is defined with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the center and a second radius R2 greater than R1 as the radius, and a first cone is defined with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the vertex and the negative Y axis as the axis, wherein the vertex angle of the cross section of the first cone in the XOY plane is θ1, defines that the space defined by the first spherical surface, the second spherical surface and the inner surface of the first cone is the first space, the lateral beam-gathering surface has a first cross-section intercepted by the first space, and in a state where the first cone has the first cross-section as the bottom surface, the bottom surface can independently form an obstruction for a conical light beam with an angle of 46° inside the first cone and with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the source point, wherein the values ​​of R1, R2 and θ1 are set within the range of λ / 8≤R1<R2<3λ / 4 and θ1≥120°, λ is a wavelength parameter corresponding to the frequency of the feeding signal connected to the planar radiation source, so that the improved antenna exhibits a lateral directional radiation characteristic in the radiation pattern, wherein the lateral direction is the direction corresponding to the positive direction of the Y-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0018] In one embodiment, the planar antenna is configured to be fed with a probe feeding structure, the planar radiation source has at least one feeding point and a feeding signal is connected to the feeding point, wherein the feeding point deviates from the physical center point of the planar radiation source.

[0019] In one embodiment, the planar radiation source has one and only one feeding point, corresponding to the state in which the planar radiation source is fed by receiving a corresponding feeding signal at the feeding point, and the polarization direction of the planar antenna is the direction of a line connecting the feeding point of the planar radiation source to the physical center point of the planar radiation source.

[0020] In one embodiment, the planar radiation source has two feeding points and is fed in a differential feeding manner by connecting a feeding signal with a phase difference at the two feeding points. Corresponding to the state in which the planar radiation source is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna is a direction parallel to a line passing through the physical center point of the planar radiation source and the two feeding points.

[0021] In one embodiment, the planar radiation source has two feeding points and the feeding signals with the same phase are connected to the two feeding points. Corresponding to the state where the planar radiation source is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna is the direction of the line connecting the midpoint of the line segment connecting the two feeding points to the physical center point of the planar radiation source.

[0022] In one embodiment, the planar radiation source is configured to be fed by a microstrip feeding structure, and the corresponding planar radiation source is fed via at least one microstrip line connected thereto.

[0023] In one embodiment, the planar radiator is fed from a single feeding position, and the corresponding planar radiator is fed via a single microstrip line, wherein when the planar radiator is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna is the direction of a line connecting a position of the planar radiator connected to the microstrip line to a physical center point of the planar radiator.

[0024] In one embodiment, the planar radiation source is configured to be fed in a side-feed structure, and the corresponding planar radiation source is fed via at least one side feed line coupled thereto.

[0025] In one embodiment, the planar radiation source is fed at a single feeding position, and the corresponding planar radiation source is fed via a single side feed line coupled thereto, wherein when the planar radiation source is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna is the direction of a line connecting the center position of the side feed line to the physical center point of the planar radiation source.

[0026] In one embodiment, the planar radiation source is concavely arranged in the non-polarization direction so that the strength of the reactance field generated by the planar radiation source based on its own coupling can be increased, thereby improving the radiation gain of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction.

[0027] In one embodiment, the positional relationship between the electric field isolator and the planar antenna is adjustably set.

[0028] In one embodiment, the electric field isolator is provided in a split form so that the form of the electric field isolator can be adjusted based on the activities between the split forms.

[0029] In one embodiment, the electric field isolator is provided as a hemispherical metal layer, wherein the forward beam focusing surface and the backward rejection surface are respectively formed on the inner surface and the outer surface of the hemispherical metal layer.

[0030] In one embodiment, R1 = λ / 4, R2 = λ / 2, and θ1 = 120°.

[0031] In one embodiment, at least two of the planar antennas are arranged in an array on the same circuit board, and based on the arrangement of a corresponding number of the electric field isolators, an array layout of the improved antenna is formed.

[0032] In one embodiment, the planar antenna takes the direction from the reference ground toward the planar radiation source as an original directional radiation direction, and at least two planar antennas are arranged back to back with their original directional radiation directions facing each other.

[0033] In one embodiment, the two planar antennas disposed back to back share a reference ground, correspondingly forming a back-to-back structure in which the two planar radiation sources are arranged with the reference ground as a boundary and spaced apart from the reference ground.

[0034] In one embodiment, a second cone is defined with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the vertex and the positive Y-axis as the axis, wherein the vertex angle θ2 of the cross section of the second cone in the XOY plane satisfies θ2≥120°, and the space jointly defined by the first spherical surface, the second spherical surface and the outer side surface of the second cone is defined as the second space, wherein the electric field isolator is located in the second space.

[0035] In one embodiment, the electric field isolator further has a reverse rejection surface opposite to the lateral beam focusing surface, wherein the reverse rejection surface has a second cross-section intercepted by the first space, and in a state where the first cone has the second cross-section as the bottom surface, the bottom surface can independently form a shielding for a conical light beam inside the first cone with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the source point and an angle of 46°.

[0036] In one embodiment, the electric field isolator further has at least one annular groove, so as to form at least one primary choke coil based on the arrangement of the annular groove to suppress the radiation energy of the improved antenna in the backward space.

[0037] Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be fully apparent from an understanding of the following description and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing planar antenna and a radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the structure.

[0039] Figure 2 The figure is a radiation principle diagram of a planar radiation source of an existing planar antenna based on self-coupling.

[0040] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a radiation principle diagram of an improved antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4Aand 4B It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the planar antenna and the electric field isolator of the improved antenna defined based on a three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0042] Figure 5A An antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and a radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0043] Figure 5B Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0044] Figure 5C Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0045] Figure 5D Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0046] Figure 5E Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0047] Fig. 6A Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0048] Figure 6B Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0049] Fig. 7A Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0050] Figure 7B Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0051] Fig. 8A Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0052] Figure 8B Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0053] Fig.9A Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0054] Fig. 9B Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0055] Fig. 9C Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0056] Fig.10 Another antenna structure according to the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and the radiation pattern and S11 curve corresponding to the antenna structure.

[0057] Fig.11A It is a schematic structural diagram of a planar antenna of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Fig. 11B It is a schematic structural diagram of another planar antenna of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Fig. 11C It is a schematic structural diagram of another planar antenna of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Fig.11D It is a schematic structural diagram of another planar antenna of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Fig.11E It is a schematic structural diagram of another planar antenna of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Fig. 12A It is a schematic structural diagram of another planar antenna of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Fig. 12B It is a schematic structural diagram of another planar antenna of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Fig.13Another antenna structure schematic diagram is a schematic diagram of the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Fig.14 Another antenna structure schematic diagram is a schematic diagram of the radiation principle of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Fig.15A Schematic diagram of an array layout of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Fig. 15B FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another array layout of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Fig. 15C FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another array layout of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Fig.16A and Fig. 16B It is a schematic diagram of another array layout of the improved antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention and a radiation pattern corresponding to the array layout. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0071] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of the present invention, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0072] It is to be understood that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the elements may be multiple, and the term "one" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0073] The present invention provides an improved antenna for lateral directional beam focusing and reverse space rejection of a planar antenna, wherein, relative to a conventional planar antenna with directional radiation characteristics, the improved antenna has a directional radiation direction that deviates laterally from the original directional radiation direction, and has a reception rejection characteristic for electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space of the lateral directional radiation direction, and the improved antenna has good applicability and anti-interference performance in the field of directional microwave detection. In order to fully understand the structural principle of the improved antenna of the present invention, the electromagnetic induction radiation principle of the reactance field generated by the planar antenna based on its own coupling is illustrated, and specific reference is made to the drawings of the specification of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the planar antenna 10 includes a reference ground 11 and a planar radiation source 12 which are arranged in the form of a planar metal layer and are spaced apart in parallel with each other. In order to form a structural form in which the reference ground 11 and the planar radiation source 12 are spaced apart in parallel with each other, the reference ground 11 and the planar radiation source 12 which are arranged in the form of a planar metal layer are usually carried on two opposite surfaces of the same circuit substrate, or the reference ground 11 and the planar radiation source 12 which are arranged in the form of a planar metal layer are respectively carried on two circuit substrates, and based on the fixation between the two circuit substrates, a structural form in which the reference ground 11 and the planar radiation source 12 are spaced apart in parallel with each other is formed. The planar radiation source 12 is arranged at a position deviated from its physical center point to access the feeding signal so as to be fed, including but not limited to being fed with at least one feeding structure of a probe feeding structure, a microstrip feeding structure, an edge feeding structure and a corner feeding structure, corresponding to the planar antenna 10 being able to form an initial polarization in the fed state and having a polarization direction, wherein in the state where the planar antenna 10 is fed, the planar radiation source 12 establishes an inductive field in the polarization direction based on its own coupling with the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12 as the radiation source point, the inductive field generates an induced magnetic field based on electromagnetic induction, and the induced magnetic field generates an induced electric field based on electromagnetic induction, so as to form electromagnetic radiation based on electromagnetic induction, wherein the inductive field is one of the most original electric fields generated by the planar antenna 10 in the fed state, and its range corresponds to Figure 2 The schematic two-dimensional reactance field is concentrated along the polarization direction on both sides of the planar radiation source 12. From the radiation principle of the antenna, the reactance field is an energy storage field rather than a radiation field, that is, the conversion of the electric field and the magnetic field in the reactance field is similar to the conversion of the electric field and the magnetic field in the transformer, which is an induction field without any energy radiated outward.

[0074] The improved antenna of the present invention is based on the structure of the planar antenna 10. By forming a conductive surface that meets certain size and area requirements along the direction of the reactance field of the planar antenna 10 and meets certain distance requirements between the planar antenna 10, the electromagnetic induction of the reactance field of the planar antenna 10 on one side of the planar radiation source 12 (the reverse space of the aforementioned lateral directional radiation direction) can be blocked by the conductive surface, and the blocked reactance field energy can be fed back to the planar antenna 10 through the conductive surface in a low-consumption or even zero-consumption state, correspondingly, the electromagnetic radiation generated by the electromagnetic induction of the improved antenna on this side can be blocked, and the radiation characteristic of low back lobe is presented in the radiation pattern, and the improved antenna has a concentrated and enhanced radiation beam on the other side (the aforementioned lateral directional radiation direction). The size and area requirements of the conductive surface in the reactance field of the planar antenna 10 along the reactance field direction are to form a closed loop of the reactance field in the reverse space of the planar antenna 10 to avoid the generation of an induced magnetic field, thereby enabling the electromagnetic induction of the reactance field of the planar antenna 10 in the reverse space to be blocked to form directional radiation of the improved antenna in the lateral direction. The distance requirement between the conductive surface and the planar antenna 10 is to reduce the loss caused by coupling between the conductive surface and the planar antenna 10, so that the reactance field energy blocked by the conductive surface can be fed back to the planar antenna 10 through the conductive surface in a low-consumption or even no-consumption state, thereby enabling the improved antenna to present a radiation characteristic of low back lobes in the radiation pattern and a radiation beam with concentrated and enhanced lateral directional radiation direction.

[0075] Therefore, corresponding to the accompanying drawings of the specification of the present invention Figure 3 , the improved antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is exemplified, wherein the improved antenna further includes an electric field isolator 20 set with conductive material on the basis of the structure of the planar antenna 10, so as to laterally strengthen the inductive reactance field of the planar antenna 10 based on the structure of the electric field isolator 20 and the positional relationship between the electric field isolator 20 and the planar antenna 10, so that the improved antenna exhibits lateral directional radiation characteristics and has a radiation beam with concentrated and enhanced lateral directional radiation direction.

[0076] Specifically, the electric field isolator 20 has a lateral focusing surface 21, wherein based on the structure of the electric field isolator 20 and the positional relationship between the electric field isolator 20 and the planar antenna 10, the lateral focusing surface 21 can form the aforementioned conductive surface when the reactance field of the planar antenna 10 meets certain size requirements along the reactance field direction and meets certain distance requirements with the planar antenna 10, so that the electromagnetic induction of the reactance field of the planar antenna 10 in the reverse space can be blocked by the lateral focusing surface 21, and the blocked reactance field energy can be fed back to the planar antenna 10 through the lateral focusing surface 21 in a low-consumption or even no-consumption state, correspondingly, the electromagnetic radiation generated by the improved antenna in the reverse space based on electromagnetic induction can be blocked, and the radiation characteristics of low back lobes or even no positive back lobes are presented in the radiation pattern, and the improved antenna has a radiation beam that is strengthened by focusing in the lateral directional radiation direction.

[0077] Furthermore, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 Referring to the accompanying drawings of the present invention Figure 4A and Figure 4B In order to clearly define the structure of the electric field isolator 20 and the positional relationship between the electric field isolator 20 and the planar antenna 10, the present invention corresponds to Figure 4A and Figure 4B A three-dimensional coordinate system with the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12 as the origin O is introduced, and the X axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system is established on the planar radiation source 12 along the polarization direction of the planar antenna 10, and the Y axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system is established on the planar radiation source 12, and the corresponding Z axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system is perpendicular to the planar radiation source 12. A first spherical surface 101 is defined with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the center and a first radius R1 as the radius, a second spherical surface 102 is defined with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the center and a second radius R2 greater than R1 as the radius, a first cone 103 is defined with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the vertex and the negative Y axis as the axis, wherein the vertex angle of the cross section of the first cone 103 on the XOY plane is θ1, and the first spherical surface 101, the second spherical surface 102 and the inner radius of the first cone 103 are defined. The space defined by the side surfaces is the first space 100, the lateral beam-gathering surface 21 has a first cross section 211 intercepted by the first space 100, and in the state where the first cone 103 takes the first cross section 211 as the bottom surface, the bottom surface can independently form a shielding of a conical light beam with an angle of 46° inside the first cone 103 with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the source point, that is, the light beam inside the first cone 103 with the first cross section 211 independently as the bottom surface cannot be completely emitted from the bottom surface, wherein reference Figure 2The reactance field range of the planar antenna 10 shown in the figure sets the values ​​of R1, R2 and θ1 in the range of λ / 8≤R1<R2<3λ / 4 and θ1≥120°, wherein λ is a wavelength parameter corresponding to the operating frequency of the planar antenna 10, so that the first cross-section 211 of the lateral beam-forming surface 21 can form the conductive surface that meets the above-mentioned requirements. Correspondingly, the electromagnetic induction of the reactance field generated by the planar antenna 10 based on the coupling of the planar radiation source 12 itself in the reverse space (the space facing the negative direction of the Y axis with the XOZ plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the boundary), can be blocked by the lateral focusing surface 21, and the blocked reactance field energy can be fed back to the planar antenna 10 through the lateral focusing surface 21 in a low-consumption or even no-consumption state, so that the electromagnetic radiation generated by the improved antenna in the reverse space based on electromagnetic induction can be blocked and present a low back lobe on the radiation pattern, and the improved antenna has a radiation beam that is strengthened by focusing in the lateral directional space (the space facing the positive direction of the Y axis with the XOZ plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the boundary), and presents a directional radiation characteristic with the lateral direction as the directional radiation direction.

[0078] It is worth mentioning that in the above description of the present invention, the description of "establishing the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system along the polarization direction of the planar antenna 10 on the planar radiation source 12" does not constitute a limitation on the positive and negative directions of the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system. In other words, the polarization direction of the planar antenna 10 can be the positive direction of the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system, or the negative direction of the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0079] It is understandable that based on Figure 2 The reactance field range of the planar antenna 10 shown in the figure is set in the range of R2<3λ / 4. The reason is that a complete induced magnetic field cannot be formed within the distance range of λ / 4 from the reactance field of the planar antenna 10. The setting of the corresponding conductive surface can still block the electromagnetic induction of the reactance field of the planar antenna 10 in the reverse space. However, there is a certain loss compared to setting the corresponding conductive surface within the reactance field range of the planar antenna 10. Therefore, the value of R2 can be selected to be set in the range of R2<3λ / 4, and is preferably set in the range of R2≤λ / 2.

[0080] It is worth mentioning that, when the first cone 103 takes the first section 211 as the bottom surface, the bottom surface can independently block the conical light beam inside the first cone 103 with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the source point and the angle of 46°. In other words, the lateral focusing surface 21 is neither limited to a continuous surface nor a two-dimensional plane. It can be a surface with holes and / or grooves, including planes and non-planes. As long as the first section 211 satisfies the condition that, in the state of being the bottom surface of the first cone 103, the bottom surface can block the conical light beam inside the first cone 103 with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the source point and the angle of 46°, the lateral focusing surface 21 can form the conductive surface that meets the above requirements.

[0081] It can be understood that in the description of the present invention, the introduction of "a conical beam with an angle of 46°" is only for the convenience of understanding the state in which the electric field isolator 20 has holes and / or grooves. The first cross-section 211 allows the formation of hole sizes and groove sizes at different distances from the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system, which does not constitute a limitation on whether the improved antenna of the present invention has the conical beam or whether it can form the conical beam.

[0082] In addition, it is worth mentioning that the reactance field of the planar antenna 10 is an induction field and there is no outwardly radiated energy, that is, when the lateral focusing surface 21 is located in the reactance field of the planar antenna 10, the lateral focusing surface 21 does not have any reflection behavior in the lateral directional radiation process of the improved antenna based on electromagnetic induction, but when the improved antenna is used independently or simultaneously as a receiving antenna, the reflection ability of the lateral focusing surface 21 to the electromagnetic radiation in the lateral directional space will not be limited. The electromagnetic radiation in the lateral directional space can still be reflected by the lateral focusing surface 21 to be received by the planar antenna 10, thereby improving the receiving sensitivity of the improved antenna when it is used independently or simultaneously as a receiving antenna.

[0083] Furthermore, a second cone 104 is defined with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the vertex and the positive Y-axis as the axis, wherein the vertex angle θ2 of the cross section of the second cone 104 in the XOY plane satisfies θ2 ≥ 120°, and the space defined by the first spherical surface 101, the second spherical surface 102 and the outer side surface of the second cone 104 is defined as a second space 200, wherein the electric field isolator 20 is preferably located in the second space 200 to avoid the extension of the electric field isolator 20 outside the second space 200, especially the extension within the second cone 104, which may cause damage to the lateral beam-forming characteristics and reverse reception rejection characteristics of the improved antenna.

[0084] Continue to combine Figure 2 and Figure 3 Referring to the accompanying drawings of the present invention Figure 4A and Figure 4B , wherein the electric field isolator 20 further has a reverse rejection surface 22 opposite to the lateral beam focusing surface 21, wherein the reverse rejection surface 22 has a second section 221 intercepted by the first space 100, and in the state where the first cone 103 takes the second section 221 as the bottom surface, the bottom surface can independently form a shielding of a conical light beam with an angle of 46° inside the first cone 103 with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the source point, that is, the light beam inside the first cone 103 with the second section 211 independently as the bottom surface cannot be completely emitted from the bottom surface, so that the electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space can neither be received by the planar antenna 10 in the form of electromagnetic waves through diffraction, nor can it affect the planar antenna 10 based on the coupling between the reverse rejection surface 22 and the planar antenna 10 when received by the reverse rejection surface 22, correspondingly, the reception rejection characteristic of the improved antenna for the electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space can be further enhanced based on the design of the reverse rejection surface 22 that meets the above requirements.

[0085] It can be understood that the conductive material forming the lateral focusing surface 21 must have a conductive surface opposite to the lateral focusing surface 21, but the conductive surface does not necessarily meet the conditions for forming the reverse rejection surface 22 based on the structural morphology of the conductive material, or when the conductive surface meets the conditions for forming the reverse rejection surface 22, it may not have the function of the reverse rejection surface 22 due to the backward shielding of the conductive surface by other conductive materials. Therefore, the present invention does not limit the coexistence of the reverse rejection surface 22 and the lateral focusing surface 21.

[0086] In particular, based on the actual field strength distribution of the reactance field of the planar antenna 10, the first radius R1 and the second radius R2 can be taken as λ / 8=R1<R2, and R2 tends to 3λ / 4, and preferably λ / 4=R1<R2, and R2 tends to 3λ / 4, and further preferably λ / 4=R1<R2=λ / 2, so as to enhance the blocking ability of the lateral bunching surface 21 to the electromagnetic induction of the reactance field of the planar antenna 10 in the reverse space, while further increasing the distance between the lateral bunching surface 21 and the planar antenna 10, thereby further reducing the loss caused by coupling between the lateral bunching surface 21 and the planar antenna 10, which is beneficial to suppress the back lobe of the improved antenna in the radiation pattern and enhance the radiation gain of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction.

[0087] Specifically, referring to the accompanying drawings of the present invention, FIG. 5A to FIG. 10As shown, in order to fully disclose the present invention, different structures of the improved antenna according to the above embodiments of the present invention and the radiation patterns and S11 curves corresponding to the structures are respectively illustrated.

[0088] In these structural examples of the present invention, the planar radiation source 12 of the planar antenna 10 is fed in a probe feeding structure, and the corresponding planar radiation source 12 has at least one feeding point. Specifically, in these structural examples of the present invention, the planar radiation source 12 has one and only one feeding point, wherein the planar radiation source 12 is arranged at the feeding point to access the corresponding feeding signal and be fed, and the polarization direction corresponding to the planar antenna 10 is the direction of the line from the feeding point of the planar radiation source 12 to the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12, then the X-axis of the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate system is located on the line connecting the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12 and the feeding point.

[0089] Corresponds to Figures 5A to 5E As shown, the electric field isolator 20 is provided with a hemispherical metal layer / panel with an inner radius of R, wherein the center of the hemispherical electric field isolator 20 is located at the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the plane where the circular opening of the electric field isolator 20 provided with the hemispherical metal layer / panel is located is perpendicular to the Y axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0090] Specifically in Figure 5A In the improved antenna shown in the figure, the electric field isolator 20 is provided with a hemispherical metal layer / panel with an inner radius of λ / 4, so that the inner surface and outer surface of the hemispherical electric field isolator 20 respectively form the lateral beam collecting surface 21 and the reverse rejection surface 22 that meet the above requirements. At this time, the lateral directional radiation direction of the improved antenna corresponds to the positive direction of the Y axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the improved antenna has a radiation gain of up to 3.90dBi in the lateral directional radiation direction, which is far higher than that of the conventional antenna. Figure 1 The radiation gain of the planar antenna in the lateral direction, the corresponding radiation pattern in the lateral directional radiation direction presents a radiation beam that is significantly focused and enhanced, and the radiation gain in the reverse space in the lateral direction is reduced to below -3dBi as a whole, especially the positive back lobe radiation gain in the reverse space in the lateral direction is reduced to below -9dBi, so the overall relative Figure 1 The planar antenna shown has a significantly suppressed back lobe, which is beneficial to ensuring the detection sensitivity of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction, and realizing the reception rejection of electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space by the improved antenna based on the antenna's reciprocal transmission and reception characteristics.

[0091] Corresponds to Figure 5B ,exist Figure 5ABased on the structure of the improved antenna shown in the figure, the inner radius R of the electric field isolator 20 provided with a hemispherical metal layer / panel is enlarged to 3λ / 8, and the inner surface and outer surface of the hemispherical electric field isolator 20 can still form the lateral beam-gathering surface 21 and the reverse rejection surface 22 respectively that meet the above requirements. At this time, the back lobe size of the improved antenna in the reverse space is relatively Figure 5A is further suppressed, and at the same time, the improved antenna has a radiation gain of up to 4.96dBi in the lateral directional radiation direction.

[0092] Corresponds to Figure 5C ,exist Figure 5A Based on the structure of the improved antenna shown in the figure, the inner radius R of the electric field isolator 20 provided with a hemispherical metal layer / panel is enlarged to λ / 2, and the inner surface and outer surface of the hemispherical electric field isolator 20 can still respectively form the lateral beam-gathering surface 21 and the reverse rejection surface 22 that meet the above requirements. At this time, the back lobe size of the improved antenna in the reverse space is relatively Figure 5B is further suppressed, and at the same time, the improved antenna has a radiation gain of up to 6.15dBi in the lateral directional radiation direction.

[0093] Corresponds to Figure 5D ,exist Figure 5A Based on the structure of the improved antenna shown in the figure, the inner radius R of the electric field isolator 20 provided with a hemispherical metal layer / panel is enlarged to 5λ / 8, and the inner surface and outer surface of the hemispherical electric field isolator 20 can still form the lateral beam-gathering surface 21 and the reverse rejection surface 22 respectively that meet the above requirements. At this time, the back lobe of the improved antenna in the reverse space is relatively Figure 5C The radiation gain of the improved antenna in the reverse space is still maintained below -3dBi as a whole, and it still has obvious practical value. At the same time, the improved antenna can still show obvious lateral directional radiation characteristics, and has a radiation gain of up to 5.20dBi in the lateral directional radiation direction, which is relatively Figure 1 The illustrated planar antenna can still exhibit obvious advantages of low back lobe and high gain.

[0094] Corresponds to Figure 5E ,exist Figure 5A Based on the structure of the improved antenna shown in the figure, the inner radius R of the electric field isolator 20 provided with a hemispherical metal layer / panel is enlarged to 3λ / 4, and the inner surface and outer surface of the hemispherical electric field isolator 20 can still respectively form the lateral beam-gathering surface 21 and the reverse rejection surface 22 that meet the above requirements. At this time, the back lobe of the improved antenna in the reverse space is relative to Figure 5DThe improved antenna still exhibits obvious lateral directional radiation characteristics and has a radiation gain of up to 7.41dBi in the lateral directional radiation direction, which is higher than that of Figure 1 The illustrated planar antenna can still present obvious advantages of low back lobe and high gain. Therefore, it is reasonable to set the first radius R1 and the second radius R2 to satisfy R1<R2<3λ / 4.

[0095] Corresponds to Fig. 6A , the electric field isolator 20 is defined as a portion intercepted by the inner side surface of the first cone 103 in a spherical metal layer / panel with an inner radius of R and a center located at the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system, wherein R=λ / 2, and the vertex angle θ1 of the cross section of the first cone 103 in the XOY plane satisfies θ1=150°. At this time, the improved antenna can still present obvious lateral directional radiation characteristics, and the lateral directional radiation direction has a certain angle deflection relative to the positive direction of the Y axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system and is suitable for detection scenarios with certain tilt angle requirements, and the radiation gain in the lateral directional radiation direction is as high as 6.13dBi, and the overall relative Figure 1 The planar antenna shown has a significantly suppressed back lobe, and can further form an equivalent suppression of the back lobe, especially when used in a detection scenario with a certain tilt angle requirement, which is correspondingly beneficial to ensuring the detection sensitivity of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction, and based on the antenna's reciprocal transmit and receive characteristics, the improved antenna can reject the reception of electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space.

[0096] Corresponds to Figure 6B ,exist Fig. 6A Based on the structure shown in the figure, the vertex angle θ1 of the cross section of the first cone 103 in the XOY plane satisfies θ1=120°. At this time, the improved antenna can still present obvious lateral directional radiation characteristics. The lateral directional radiation direction has a certain angle deflection relative to the positive direction of the Y axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system and is suitable for detection scenarios with certain tilt angle requirements. The radiation gain in the lateral directional radiation direction is also as high as 5.57dBi. At the same time, the overall lateral directional radiation direction is relatively Figure 1 The planar antenna shown has a significantly suppressed positive back lobe, and can further form an equivalent suppression of the back lobe, especially when used in a detection scenario with a certain tilt angle requirement. Therefore, it still has obvious practical value. That is to say, it is reasonable to set the vertex angle θ1 of the cross section of the first cone 103 in the XOY plane to satisfy θ1≥120°.

[0097] Corresponds to Fig. 7A, the electric field isolator 20 is defined as the part intercepted by the outer side surface of the second cone 104 in the spherical metal layer / panel with an inner radius of R and a center located at the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system, wherein R=λ / 2, and the vertex angle θ2 of the cross section of the second cone 104 in the XOY plane satisfies θ2=150°, and the inner and outer surfaces of the corresponding electric field isolator 20 can still respectively form the lateral beam focusing surface 21 and the reverse rejection surface 22 that meet the above requirements. At this time, the improved antenna can still present obvious lateral directional radiation characteristics, and the radiation gain in the lateral directional radiation direction is as high as 5.51dBi. At the same time, the radiation gain in the reverse space in the lateral direction is reduced to below -6dBi as a whole, especially the positive back lobe radiation gain in the reverse space in the lateral direction is reduced to below -9dBi, so the overall relative Figure 1 The planar antenna shown has a significantly suppressed back lobe and a significantly enhanced directional radiation gain, which is correspondingly beneficial to ensuring the detection sensitivity of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction, and realizing the reception rejection of electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space by the improved antenna based on the antenna's transmit-receive reciprocity characteristics.

[0098] Corresponds to Figure 7B ,exist Fig. 7A Based on the structure shown in the figure, the vertex angle θ2 of the cross section of the second cone 104 in the XOY plane satisfies θ2=120°. At this time, the improved antenna can still present obvious lateral directional radiation characteristics, and the radiation gain in the directional radiation direction is as high as 4.73dBi. Fig. 7A Although the improved antenna has a significantly enlarged positive back lobe, the maximum radiation gain of the improved antenna in the reverse space is maintained at about -9dBi, and it still has obvious practical value. Therefore, it is reasonable to set the vertex angle θ2 of the cross section of the second cone 104 in the XOY plane to satisfy θ1 ≥ 120°.

[0099] Corresponds to Fig. 8A and Figure 8B ,exist Figure 5C Based on the structure of the improved antenna shown in the figure, the electric field isolator 20 provided with a hemispherical metal layer / panel is rotated 15° and 30° counterclockwise around the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system, which is equivalent to Figure 5COn the basis of the structure of the improved antenna shown, the planar antenna 10 is rotated 15° and 30° clockwise around the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system, respectively, and a hemispherical metal layer / panel with a radius of λ / 2 is set inside the corresponding electric field isolator 20, wherein the center of the hemispherical electric field isolator 20 is located at the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the plane where the circular opening of the electric field isolator 20 is set with the hemispherical metal layer / panel is rotated 15° and 30° counterclockwise around the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system relative to the position perpendicular to the Y-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system. The corresponding improved antenna not only exhibits obvious lateral directional radiation characteristics, but also has a certain angle deflection in the lateral directional radiation direction relative to the positive direction of the Y-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system, and is suitable for detection scenarios with certain tilt angle requirements, and the radiation gain in the lateral directional radiation direction is also higher than 6.40dBi, and the overall relative to Figure 1 The planar antenna shown has a significantly suppressed back lobe, and can further form an equivalent suppression of the back lobe, especially when used in a detection scenario with a certain tilt angle requirement, which is correspondingly beneficial to ensuring the detection sensitivity of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction, and based on the antenna's reciprocal transmit and receive characteristics, the improved antenna can reject the reception of electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space.

[0100] Corresponds to Fig.9A and Fig. 9B ,exist Figure 5C Based on the structure of the improved antenna shown in the figure, the electric field isolator 20 provided with a hemispherical metal layer / panel is rotated 15° and 30° clockwise around the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system, which is equivalent to Figure 5C On the basis of the structure of the improved antenna shown, the planar antenna 10 is rotated counterclockwise by 15° and 30° around the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system, respectively, and a hemispherical metal layer / panel with a radius of λ / 2 is set inside the corresponding electric field isolator 20, wherein the center of the hemispherical electric field isolator 20 is located at the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the plane where the circular opening of the electric field isolator 20 is set with the hemispherical metal layer / panel is rotated clockwise by 15° and 30° around the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system relative to the position perpendicular to the Y-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system. The corresponding improved antenna not only exhibits obvious lateral directional radiation characteristics, but also has a certain angle deflection in the lateral directional radiation direction relative to the positive direction of the Y-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system, and is suitable for detection scenarios with certain tilt angle requirements, and the radiation gain in the lateral directional radiation direction is also higher than 4.30dBi, and the overall relative to Figure 1The planar antenna shown has a significantly suppressed back lobe, and can further form an equivalent suppression of the back lobe, especially when used in a detection scenario with a certain tilt angle requirement, which is correspondingly beneficial to ensuring the detection sensitivity of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction, and based on the antenna's reciprocal transmit and receive characteristics, the improved antenna can reject the reception of electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space.

[0101] Corresponds to Fig. 9C ,exist Figure 5C Based on the structure of the improved antenna shown in the figure, the electric field isolator 20 provided with a hemispherical metal layer / panel is rotated 45° clockwise around the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system, which is equivalent to Figure 5C On the basis of the structure of the improved antenna shown, the planar antenna 10 is rotated 45° counterclockwise around the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system, and a hemispherical metal layer / panel with a radius of λ / 2 is set inside the corresponding electric field isolator 20, wherein the center of the hemispherical electric field isolator 20 is located at the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the plane where the circular opening of the electric field isolator 20 is set with the hemispherical metal layer / panel is rotated 45° clockwise around the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system relative to the position perpendicular to the Y-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system. The corresponding improved antenna not only exhibits obvious lateral directional radiation characteristics, but also has a certain angle deflection relative to the positive direction of the Y-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system, so it is suitable for detection scenarios with certain tilt angle requirements. At the same time, the overall lateral directional radiation direction is relatively stable. Figure 1 The planar antenna shown has a significantly suppressed back lobe, and can further form an equivalent suppression of the back lobe, especially when used in a detection scenario with a certain tilt angle requirement, which is correspondingly beneficial to ensuring the detection sensitivity of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction, and based on the antenna's reciprocal transmit and receive characteristics, the improved antenna can reject the reception of electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space.

[0102] It is worth mentioning that the electric field isolator 20 has various forms, as long as the electric field isolator 20 has the lateral focusing surface 21 that meets the aforementioned requirements, and preferably further has the reverse rejection surface 22 that meets the aforementioned requirements. The specific form of the corresponding electric field isolator 20 does not constitute a limitation to the present invention, and the electric field isolator 20 can be an independent conductor, such as a metal body and a non-metal body with conductive properties (such as a carbon-based material with conductive properties), or a conductor carried on an insulating material, such as a conductor formed on an insulating material by electroplating, spraying, doping and other processes, or a conductor with conductive properties formed based on the interaction between different materials, such as a conductor formed based on doping of a semiconductor, and the present invention does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0103] For example, referring to the accompanying drawings of the present invention, Fig.10 As shown, in this structural example of the improved antenna of the present invention, the electric field isolator 20 is set in a structural form with a rectangular bottom surface and a corresponding rectangular opening. The corresponding improved antenna still presents obvious lateral directional radiation characteristics. The lateral directional radiation direction has a certain angle deflection relative to the positive direction of the Y-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system and is suitable for detection scenes with certain tilt angle requirements. The radiation gain in the lateral directional radiation direction is also as high as 6.04dBi, and the overall relative Figure 1 The planar antenna shown has a significantly suppressed back lobe, and can further form an equivalent suppression of the back lobe, especially when used in a detection scenario with a certain tilt angle requirement, which is correspondingly beneficial to ensuring the detection sensitivity of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction, and based on the antenna's reciprocal transmit and receive characteristics, the improved antenna can reject the reception of electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space.

[0104] It can be understood that when the change in the structural form of the electric field isolator 20 and the change in the position relative to the planar antenna 10 correspond to the aforementioned structural example and can form an adjustment to the beam deflection angle of the improved antenna, in some embodiments of the present invention, the positional relationship between the electric field isolator 20 and the planar antenna 10 of the improved antenna is adjustably set, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the form of the electric field isolator 20 is adjustably set, such as the electric field isolator 20 is set in a split form and can form an adjustment of the form of the electric field isolator 20 based on the activities between the splits (such as relative rotation activities, relative translation activities), so as to adjust the beam deflection angle of the improved antenna based on the adjustment of the positional relationship between the electric field isolator 20 and the planar antenna 10, and / or based on the adjustment of the form of the electric field isolator 20, so that the improved antenna can meet different detection requirements and have better applicability.

[0105] It can be understood that in these structural examples of the present invention, the planar antenna 10 corresponds to Fig.11A Taking the example of the probe feeding structure being fed, it does not constitute a limitation on the feeding structure of the planar antenna 10 of the present invention. The planar antenna 10 can be fed with at least one of the probe feeding structure, microstrip feeding structure, edge feeding structure and corner feeding structure. Specifically, taking the structure of the planar antenna 10 being fed at a single feeding position as an example, the structure of the planar antenna 10 using different feeding structures is FIG. 11A to FIG. 11E is further exemplified in .

[0106] exist Fig.11AIn the illustrated feeding structure, the planar radiation source 12 has only one feeding point 121, wherein the feeding point 121 is set away from the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12, and corresponding to the state in which the planar radiation source 12 is fed by receiving a corresponding feeding signal at the feeding point 121, the polarization direction of the planar antenna 10 is the direction of the line connecting the feeding point 121 of the planar radiation source 12 to the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12. Then the X-axis of the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate system is located on the line connecting the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12 and the feeding point.

[0107] exist Fig. 11B In the illustrated feeding structure, the planar radiation source 12 is designed to be fed with a microstrip feeding structure, and the corresponding planar radiation source 12 is fed via a microstrip line 122 connected thereto, wherein when the planar radiation source 12 is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna 10 is the direction of the line connecting the position of the planar radiation source 12 connected to the microstrip line 122 to the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12. Then the X-axis of the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate system is located on the line.

[0108] exist Fig. 11C In the illustrated feeding structure, the planar radiation source 12 is designed to be fed in a side-feed structure, and the corresponding planar radiation source 12 is fed via a side feed line 123 coupled thereto, wherein when the planar radiation source 12 is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna 10 is the direction of the line from the center position of the side feed line 123 to the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12. The X-axis of the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate system is located on the line.

[0109] exist Fig.11D and 11E In the feeding structure shown, the planar radiation source 12 is designed to be fed with a corner feeding structure, and the planar radiation source 12 is connected to a feeding signal at at least one corner thereof with any feeding structure of a probe feeding structure, a microstrip feeding structure and an edge feeding structure.

[0110] Specifically in Fig.11D In the feeding structure shown, the planar radiation source 12 is connected to the feeding signal via a microstrip line 122 in a microstrip feeding structure at one corner. Corresponding to the state where the planar radiation source 12 is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna 10 is the direction of the line connecting the position of the planar radiation source 12 connected to the microstrip line 122 to the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12.

[0111] Specifically in Fig.11EIn the feeding structure shown, the planar radiation source 12 is fed with a feeding signal at one corner thereof via a side feed line 123 coupled thereto in a side-fed feeding structure. Corresponding to the state in which the planar radiation source 12 is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna 10 is the direction of the line connecting the center position of the side feed line 123 to the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12.

[0112] Further, the structure in which the planar antenna 10 is fed at different feeding positions is used as an example, and specifically, the probe feeding structure is used as an example. Fig. 12A In the feeding structure shown, the planar radiation source 12 is fed by differential feeding by receiving a feeding signal with a certain phase difference at the two feeding points 121. Corresponding to the state where the planar radiation source 12 is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna 10 is parallel to the line connecting the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12 and the two feeding points 121. Fig. 12B In the feeding structure shown, the planar radiation source 12 is connected to the feeding signal with the same phase at the two feeding points 121, including a structural form in which the lines connecting the two feeding points 121 and the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12 are perpendicular and orthogonal to each other. Corresponding to the state in which the planar radiation source 12 is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna 10 can be understood as the direction of the line connecting the midpoint of the two feeding points 121 to the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12.

[0113] It is worth mentioning that in these structural examples of the improved antenna of the present invention, the number of the planar radiation source 12 of the planar antenna 10 is one, wherein for a single planar antenna 10, the number of the planar radiation source 12 does not constitute a limitation on the improved antenna. That is to say, in some structures of the improved antenna of the present invention, the number of the planar radiation source 12 of the planar antenna 10 of the improved antenna can be multiple, so as to equivalently form multiple planar antennas 10 with a single planar radiation source 12, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0114] For example, when the number of the planar radiation sources 12 of the planar antenna 10 is multiple, the multiple planar radiation sources 12 can be arranged in an array to equivalently form an array arrangement of multiple planar antennas 10 with a single planar radiation source 12, thereby satisfying the corresponding structural and performance requirements of the improved antenna based on the corresponding array layout of the planar radiation source 12. In the same improved antenna, the electric field isolator 20 can form the lateral beam-gathering surface 21 that meets the above requirements relative to any planar radiation source 12.

[0115] For another example, when the number of the planar antennas 10 or the number of the planar radiation sources 12 of the planar antennas 10 is multiple, the two planar antennas 10 can be arranged back-to-back in a state where the original directional radiation directions (the reference bottom surface 11 is toward the planar radiation source 12) are opposite to each other, corresponding to forming a back-to-back structure in which the two reference ground surfaces 11 of the two planar antennas 10 are close to each other, or corresponding to Fig.13 The two planar antennas 10 share a reference ground 11, and the two planar radiation sources 12 are arranged back-to-back with the reference ground 11 as the boundary and spaced from the reference ground 11. This is also equivalent to the state where the number of the planar radiation sources 12 of the same planar antenna 10 is multiple, wherein the two planar radiation sources 12 are arranged back-to-back with the reference ground 11 as the boundary and spaced from the reference ground 11. The corresponding improved antenna corresponds to Fig.13 The back lobe in the reverse space, especially the positive back lobe, is significantly suppressed. At the same time, the improved antenna exhibits obvious lateral directional radiation characteristics and has a radiation gain of up to 7.66dBi in the lateral directional radiation direction, which is higher than that of the conventional antenna. Figure 1 The illustrated planar antenna exhibits obvious advantages of low back lobe and high gain.

[0116] It is worth mentioning that the present invention forms a conductive surface that meets certain size and area requirements along the direction of the reactance field of the planar antenna 10 and meets certain distance requirements between the planar antenna 10, so that the electromagnetic induction of the reactance field of the planar antenna 10 on one side of the planar radiation source 12 can be blocked by the conductive surface, and the blocked reactance field energy can be fed back to the planar antenna 10 through the conductive surface with low or even no consumption, correspondingly, the electromagnetic radiation generated by the electromagnetic induction on this side of the improved antenna can be blocked, and the radiation characteristic of low back lobe is presented in the radiation pattern, and the improved antenna has a focused and enhanced radiation beam on the other side. The reactance field is the reactance field established by the planar radiation source 12 in the polarization direction of the planar antenna 10 based on its own coupling with the physical center point of the planar radiation source 12 as the radiation source point. It is not the only reactance field of the planar antenna 10. When the planar antenna 10 is fed, the planar radiation source 12 can also couple with the reference ground 11 to generate a reactance field. However, in the interaction principle between the planar antenna 10 and the electric field isolator 20 of the present invention, it is mainly the interaction between the electric field isolator 20 and the reactance field generated by the planar radiation source 12 based on its own coupling. Correspondingly, when the intensity of the reactance field generated by the planar radiation source 12 based on its own coupling is large, the radiation gain of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction can be enhanced.

[0117] Therefore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the radiation gain of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction can be further improved by strengthening the reactance field generated by the planar radiation source 12 based on its own coupling.

[0118] For example, referring to the accompanying drawings of the present invention, Fig.14 As shown, in this structural example of the present invention, the planar radiation source 12 is concavely arranged in the non-polarization direction so that the strength of the reactance field generated by the planar radiation source 12 based on its own coupling can be increased, thereby improving the radiation gain of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction.

[0119] In addition, for the purpose of further suppressing the radiation energy of the improved antenna in the reverse space, the electric field isolator 20 can further form at least one level of choke based on the corresponding structural setting to suppress the radiation energy of the improved antenna in the reverse space. For example, the choke is formed by setting an annular groove in the electric field isolator 20, and the present invention is not limited to this.

[0120] It is worth mentioning that, when the electric field isolator 20 has the lateral beam-gathering surface 21 that meets the above requirements, the radiation pattern of the improved antenna presents a radiation beam that is significantly beam-gathered and enhanced in the lateral directional radiation direction, and presents a radiation characteristic of low back lobes in the reverse space, which is conducive to ensuring the detection sensitivity of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction, and realizing the reception rejection of electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space by the improved antenna based on the antenna's reciprocal transmission and reception characteristics. In other words, the improved antenna can be used independently as a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna, or as an antenna that transmits and receives in one, and has obvious advantages over the independent planar antenna 10 when used independently as a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna, or as an antenna that transmits and receives in one. Therefore, a plurality of the improved antennas can be combined with each other to realize a transmission-reception separation or an array antenna layout, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0121] In addition, based on the setting of the electric field isolator 20 that meets the above requirements, the improved antenna presents a radiation characteristic of low back lobe or even no positive back lobe in the radiation pattern and has a reception rejection characteristic for electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space. Therefore, when the improved antenna adopts an array layout, the isolation between each of the improved antennas can be guaranteed to reduce or even avoid mutual interference between the improved antennas distributed in the array, so that based on the array layout of the improved antenna, under the time-sharing working mechanism, it can form a regional coverage of angles / directions / even 360°, thereby realizing beam circular or / and overlapping centralized scanning and detection, so that it can be applied to multi-angle / direction detection scenarios of targets in a divided angle / partitioned manner, such as divided angle / multi-angle / 360° rotating stereoscopic scanning detection of human bodies or limbs.

[0122] That is to say, for the planar antenna 10, since its directional radiation direction is from the reference ground 11 to the planar radiation source 12, and it has a large radiation gain in the reverse space of the directional radiation direction, on the same circuit board, the array layout of multiple antennas cannot realize the detection of angles / regions in three-dimensional space, and the array layout of multiple antennas will form intersections between the back lobes, resulting in poor isolation between the antennas, which is easy to cause serious signal crosstalk problems. However, for the improved antenna of the present invention, since the improved antenna presents a low back lobe radiation characteristic in the radiation pattern and has a reception rejection characteristic for electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space, the array layout of the improved antenna can realize time-division / angle-division / zone-division detection in three-dimensional space, and each of the improved antennas has good isolation and can suppress signal crosstalk between each other, thereby ensuring the detection performance between time-division / angle-division / zone-division.

[0123] For example, Figures 15A to 15C As shown, when at least two of the planar antennas 10 are arranged in an array on the same circuit board, based on the setting of the corresponding electric field isolator 20 that meets the above requirements, an array layout of the improved antenna can be formed, and then 180° or even 360° large-range detection can be formed through beam synthesis, or time-division / angle-division / partitioned detection can be performed in a spatial range. When performing time-division / angle-division / partitioned detection, since the improved antenna presents a radiation characteristic of low back lobe or even no positive back lobe in the radiation pattern and has a reception rejection characteristic for electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space, each of the improved antennas has good isolation and can suppress signal crosstalk between each other.

[0124] For example, corresponding to Fig.15AWhen the two planar antennas 10 are arranged in an array on the same circuit board, and based on the setting of the corresponding electric field isolator 20 that meets the above requirements, an array layout with mutually perpendicular directional radiation directions of the two improved antennas is formed, a large-range detection approaching 180° can be formed through beam synthesis, and time-division / angle-division / regional detection can be performed within a 180° spatial range. When performing time-division / angle-division / regional detection, based on the improved antenna's reception rejection characteristics for electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space, the two improved antennas have good isolation and can suppress signal crosstalk between each other.

[0125] Corresponds to Fig. 15B When the four planar antennas 10 are arranged in an array on the same circuit board, and based on the setting of the corresponding electric field isolators 20 that meet the above requirements, an array layout of four improved antennas with directional radiation directions arranged at equal angles is formed, time-sharing / angle-sharing / region-sharing detection can be achieved in a 360° spatial range, and when performing time-sharing / angle-sharing / region-sharing detection, based on the improved antenna's reception rejection characteristics for electromagnetic radiation in the reverse space, the four improved antennas have good isolation and can suppress signal crosstalk between each other.

[0126] Corresponds to Fig. 15C When the four planar antennas 10 are arranged in an array on the same circuit board, and the array layout of the four improved antennas is formed based on the setting of the corresponding electric field isolators 20 that meet the above requirements so that the directional radiation beams of the four improved antennas have the same overlapping space around a 360° spatial range, circular or / and overlapping concentrated scanning and detection of the directional radiation beams can be formed within a 360° spatial range, so that it can be applied to multi-angle / directional detection scenarios of the target in a divided angle / partitioned manner, such as divided angle / multi-angle / 360° rotational stereoscopic scanning detection of the human body or limbs.

[0127] It is worth mentioning that when at least two of the planar antennas 10 are arranged in an array on the same circuit board, and the array layout of the improved antenna is formed based on the setting of the corresponding electric field isolator 20 that meets the above-mentioned requirements, each of the improved antennas can be connected by different microwave chips through chip cascading, or can be driven and detected in time / angle / region by the same microwave chip.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above embodiments are merely examples, wherein features of different embodiments may be combined with each other to obtain implementation methods that are easily conceivable based on the contents disclosed in the present invention but are not explicitly indicated in the drawings.

[0129] For example, in some embodiments of the present invention, specifically corresponding to Fig.16A and Fig. 16B In the embodiment, when at least two of the planar antennas 10 are arranged in an array on the same circuit board, and based on the setting of the corresponding electric field isolator 20 that meets the above requirements, the array layout of the improved antenna is formed, on the one hand, the beam deflection angle of the improved antenna can be set / adjusted based on the setting / change of the corresponding structural form of the electric field isolator 20 and / or the setting / change of the position relative to the planar antenna 10, and on the other hand, it can also correspond to Fig.16A and 16B Further based on the phase difference feeding of each of the planar antennas 10, the beam deflection angle of the improved antenna is set / adjusted.

[0130] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are only examples and do not limit the present invention. The purpose of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and explained in the embodiments, and the embodiments of the present invention may be deformed or modified in any way without departing from the principles.

Claims

1. An improved antenna for lateral directional beamforming and reverse space denial of a planar antenna, characterized in that: include: At least one planar antenna, the planar antenna comprising a reference ground and a planar radiation source which are arranged in the form of a planar metal layer and are spaced apart in a state parallel to each other, wherein the planar radiation source is arranged at a position deviated from its physical center point to receive a feeding signal to be fed, and the planar antenna can form an initial polarization in a fed state and have a polarization direction; and An electric field isolator, wherein the electric field isolator is set with a conductive material and has a lateral beam-gathering surface, a three-dimensional coordinate system with the physical center point of the planar radiation source as the origin O, and the X axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system is established on the planar radiation source along the polarization direction of the planar antenna, and the Y axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system is established on the planar radiation source, and the corresponding Z axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system is perpendicular to the planar radiation source, wherein a first spherical surface is defined with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the center and a first radius R1 as the radius, a second spherical surface is defined with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the center and a second radius R2 greater than R1 as the radius, and a first cone is defined with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the vertex and the negative Y axis as the axis, wherein the vertex angle of the cross section of the first cone in the XOY plane is θ1, defines that the space defined by the first spherical surface, the second spherical surface and the inner surface of the first cone is the first space, the lateral beam-gathering surface has a first cross-section intercepted by the first space, and in a state where the first cone has the first cross-section as the bottom surface, the bottom surface can independently form an obstruction for a conical light beam with an angle of 46° inside the first cone and with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the source point, wherein the values ​​of R1, R2 and θ1 are set within the range of λ / 8≤R1<R2<3λ / 4 and θ1≥120°, λ is a wavelength parameter corresponding to the frequency of the feeding signal connected to the planar radiation source, so that the improved antenna exhibits a lateral directional radiation characteristic in the radiation pattern, wherein the lateral direction is the direction corresponding to the positive direction of the Y-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system.

2. The improved antenna according to claim 1, wherein the planar antenna is configured to be fed with a probe feeding structure, corresponding to the planar radiation source having at least one feeding point and a feeding signal connected to the feeding point, wherein the feeding point deviates from the physical center point of the planar radiation source.

3. The improved antenna according to claim 2, wherein the planar radiation source has one and only one feeding point, corresponding to the state in which the planar radiation source is fed by receiving a corresponding feeding signal at the feeding point, and the polarization direction of the planar antenna is the direction of a line connecting the feeding point of the planar radiation source to the physical center point of the planar radiation source.

4. The improved antenna according to claim 2, wherein the planar radiation source has two feeding points and is fed in a differential feeding manner by connecting feeding signals with a phase difference at the two feeding points, and corresponding to the state in which the planar radiation source is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna is a direction parallel to the line connecting the physical center point of the planar radiation source and the two feeding points.

5. The improved antenna according to claim 2, wherein the planar radiation source has two feeding points and the feeding signals with the same phase are connected to the two feeding points, and corresponding to the state where the planar radiation source is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna is the direction of the line connecting the midpoint of the line segment connecting the two feeding points to the physical center point of the planar radiation source.

6. The improved antenna according to claim 1, wherein the planar radiation source is configured to be fed by a microstrip feeding structure, and the corresponding planar radiation source is fed via at least one microstrip line connected thereto.

7. The improved antenna according to claim 6, wherein the planar radiator is fed at a single feeding position, and the corresponding planar radiator is fed via a single microstrip line, wherein when the planar radiator is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna is the direction of a line from the position where the planar radiator is connected to the microstrip line to the physical center point of the planar radiator.

8. The improved antenna according to claim 1, wherein the planar radiation source is configured to be fed in a side feeding structure, and the corresponding planar radiation source is fed via at least one side feed line coupled thereto.

9. The improved antenna according to claim 8, wherein the planar radiator is fed at a single feeding position, and the corresponding planar radiator is fed via a single side feeder coupled thereto, wherein when the planar radiator is fed, the polarization direction of the planar antenna is the direction of a line connecting the center position of the side feeder to the physical center point of the planar radiator.

10. The improved antenna according to claim 1, wherein the planar radiation source is concavely arranged in the non-polarization direction so that the strength of the reactance field generated by the planar radiation source based on its own coupling can be increased, thereby improving the radiation gain of the improved antenna in the lateral directional radiation direction.

11. The improved antenna according to claim 1, wherein the positional relationship between the electric field isolator and the planar antenna is adjustably set.

12. The improved antenna according to claim 1, wherein the electric field isolator is arranged in a split form so that the form of the electric field isolator can be adjusted based on the activities between the split parts.

13. The improved antenna according to claim 1, wherein the electric field isolator is provided in a hemispherical metal layer, wherein the forward beam collecting surface and the backward rejection surface are respectively formed on the inner surface and the outer surface of the hemispherical metal layer.

14. The improved antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein R1 = λ / 4, R2 = λ / 2, and θ1 = 120°.

15. The improved antenna according to claim 14, wherein at least two of the planar antennas are arranged in an array on the same circuit board, and based on the arrangement of a corresponding number of the electric field isolators, an array layout of the improved antenna is formed.

16. The improved antenna according to claim 14, wherein the planar antenna has an original directional radiation direction from the reference ground toward the planar radiation source, and at least two of the planar antennas are arranged back to back with their original directional radiation directions facing away from each other.

17. The improved antenna according to claim 16, wherein the two planar antennas arranged back to back share a reference ground, correspondingly forming a back-to-back structure in which the two planar radiation sources are arranged with the reference ground as a boundary and spaced apart from the reference ground.

18. The improved antenna according to claim 14, wherein a second cone is defined with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the vertex and the positive Y-axis as the axis, wherein the vertex angle θ2 of the cross section of the second cone in the XOY plane satisfies θ2 ≥ 120°, and the space defined by the first spherical surface, the second spherical surface and the outer side surface of the second cone is defined as the second space, wherein the electric field isolator is located in the second space.

19. An improved antenna according to claim 18, wherein the electric field isolator also has a reverse rejection surface opposite to the lateral beam-focusing surface, wherein the reverse rejection surface has a second cross-section intercepted by the first space, and in a state where the first cone takes the second cross-section as the bottom surface, the bottom surface can independently form a shielding for a conical light beam inside the first cone with the origin O of the three-dimensional coordinate system as the source point and an angle of 46°.

20. The improved antenna according to claim 14, wherein the electric field isolator further has at least one annular groove, so as to form at least one primary choke coil based on the arrangement of the annular groove to suppress the radiation energy of the improved antenna in the backward space.

Images