Construction method of citrus orchard grass hedge system for south hilly slope farmland

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a citrus orchard grass planting hedge system construction method for southern hilly slope farmland. The method relates to the field of slope farmland planting. The method is constructed by means of grass planting and plant hedge interval arrangement, different grass planting types, grass planting modes, plant hedge types and plant hedge planting modes are determined according to the tree age types and region types of the citrus orchard, and the slope farmland citrus orchard grass-plant hedge system is constructed, so that the technical complexity and operability of the slope farmland citrus orchard are reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of slope planting, in particular to a method for constructing a citrus orchard grass-planting hedge system for hilly slope farmland in the south. BACKGROUND

[0002] Citrus orchards in hilly areas in the south are one of the important agricultural landscapes in China, especially in Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong and other provinces, which have natural conditions suitable for citrus growth.

[0003] The existing citrus planting method has the problems of low operability in orchards with large slopes, high labor cost in the process of plowing and soil loosening for grass planting every year, large workload in re-digging and building ecological ditches at different positions every year, and over-reliance on microbial preparations, types of strains, etc., which makes it difficult to promote technology to fruit farmers.

[0004] In view of the above defects, the present application provides a method for constructing a citrus orchard grass-planting hedge system for hilly slope farmland in the south. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for constructing a citrus orchard grass-planting hedge system for hilly slope farmland in the south, which can reduce the complexity of technical operation and better manage field nutrients.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for constructing a citrus orchard grass-planting hedge system for hilly slope farmland in the south, comprising:

[0007] determining mutually spaced grass-planting areas and hedge-planting areas in the citrus orchard according to contour lines or vertical height;

[0008] determining a grass type and a grass-planting method according to the region type and the tree age type of the citrus orchard, and planting grass in the grass-planting area according to the grass type and the grass-planting method; wherein the region type includes a southern economic forest garden and a southwestern economic forest garden; the tree age type includes an adult stage and a juvenile stage, the grass type includes one or more of southern forest garden summer green manure, southern forest garden winter green manure, southwestern forest garden summer green manure and southwestern forest garden winter green manure; and the grass-planting method includes a winter-summer green manure annual coverage mode or a winter green manure coverage no-tillage grass suppression mode;

[0009] determining a hedge type and a hedge-planting method according to the tree age type, and planting a hedge in the hedge-planting area according to the hedge type and the hedge-planting method; wherein the hedge type includes a low hedge and a medium-high hedge.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the summer green manure of the southern economic forest garden comprises one or more green manures of clover, Chinese senna, Indian cowpea, and black cowpea; the winter green manure of the southern economic forest garden comprises one or more green manures of hairy vetch, smooth vetch, arrow pea, and Chinese milk vetch; the summer green manure of the southwestern economic forest garden comprises one or more green manures of clover, Indian cowpea, black cowpea, and lablab; and the winter green manure of the southwestern economic forest garden comprises one or more green manures of hairy vetch, smooth vetch, arrow pea, and broom.

[0011] The determining of the grass type and the grass planting mode according to the region type and the tree age type of the citrus garden comprises:

[0012] If the region type is the southern economic forest garden and the tree age type is the young age period, the grass type is determined as the summer green manure of the southern economic forest garden and the winter green manure of the southern economic forest garden, and the grass planting mode is determined as the winter-summer green manure annual coverage mode.

[0013] If the region type is the southern economic forest garden and the tree age type is the adult age period, the grass type is determined as the winter green manure of the southern economic forest garden, and the grass planting mode is determined as the winter green manure coverage no-tillage and grass suppression mode.

[0014] If the region type is the southwestern economic forest garden and the tree age type is the young age period, the grass type is determined as the summer green manure of the southwestern economic forest garden and the winter green manure of the southwestern economic forest garden, and the grass planting mode is determined as the winter-summer green manure annual coverage mode.

[0015] If the region type is the southwestern economic forest garden and the tree age type is the adult age period, the grass type is determined as the winter green manure of the southwestern economic forest garden, and the grass planting mode is determined as the winter green manure coverage no-tillage and grass suppression mode.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the determining of the plant hedge type according to the tree age type comprises:

[0017] If the tree age type is the young age period, the plant hedge type is determined as a low-type plant hedge, and the low-type plant hedge comprises one or more of wolfberry, false indigo, and daylily.

[0018] If the tree age type is the adult age period, the plant hedge type is determined as a medium-high-type plant hedge, and the medium-high-type plant hedge comprises one or more of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, black locust, privet, and Lantana camara.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the determining of the plant hedge planting mode according to the tree age type comprises:

[0020] If the tree age type is the young age period, it is determined that the hedge planting mode is a mode of cutting or transplanting;

[0021] If the tree age type is the adult age period, it is determined that the hedge planting mode is a mode of direct seeding or transplanting.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the determination of the mutually spaced grass planting areas and the hedge planting areas in the citrus orchard according to the contour lines or the vertical heights comprises:

[0023] According to the contour lines, every 3-8 rows of citrus trees are divided into a group of hedge areas for planting single-row or double-row hedges, and a grass planting area is divided between two adjacent hedge areas.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the grass is planted in the grass planting area according to the grass type and the grass planting mode; comprising:

[0025] Before sowing, the citrus orchard is cleaned, and the planting area is ploughed at a distance of 30-50 cm from the trunk of the fruit tree.

[0026] In the ploughed area, the grass seeds of the grass type are sown according to the grass planting mode.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the sowing of the grass seeds of the grass type according to the grass planting mode comprises:

[0028] If the tree age type is the young age period, the mixed grass seeds of the grass type are uniformly sown by using the method of broadcasting;

[0029] If the tree age type is the adult age period, the grass seeds are directly sown by using the method of no-tillage seeding, and the seeds are covered with branches or straws.

[0030] In a possible implementation, after the hedge is planted, the method further comprises: managing and maintaining the planted grass and the hedge; comprising:

[0031] If the tree age type is the young age period, the grass and the hedge are weeded, pruned and irrigated;

[0032] If the tree age type is the adult age period, the grass and the hedge are not weeded and fertilized.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the management and maintenance of the planted grass and the hedge further comprises:

[0034] Every 3-7 years, the grass and the hedge are deep ploughed.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the winter-summer green manure annual coverage mode is: sowing winter green manure in September-October, and the next year, turning over the winter green manure and sowing or sowing and burying summer green manure in May-June; until September-October, turning over the summer green manure and sowing winter green manure, and implementing the "two sowing and two turning" operation cycle in the first year.

[0036] The winter green manure coverage no-tillage grass suppression mode is: sowing winter green manure in September-October, and the next year, sowing in September-October.

[0037] The embodiment of the application provides a citrus orchard grass-plant hedge system construction method for a southern hilly slope farmland, which is constructed by determining different grass types, grass planting modes, plant hedge types and plant hedge planting modes according to the tree age types and region types of the citrus orchard, and arranging grass and plant hedges in a spaced mode, so as to reduce the technical complexity and operability of the slope farmland citrus orchard. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0039] Figure 1 The embodiment of the application provides a citrus orchard grass-plant hedge system construction method for a southern hilly slope farmland Figure One ;

[0040] Figure 2 The embodiment of the application provides a citrus orchard grass-plant hedge system construction method for a southern hilly slope farmland Figure Two .

[0041] The above drawings have shown the specific embodiments of the application, and more detailed descriptions will be given hereinafter. The drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the application by any means, but to illustrate the concept of the application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein with reference to the attached drawings. When the description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not representative of all embodiments consistent with the application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the application, but not all embodiments, as detailed in the appended claims. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "comprise", "comprising", "have", "having", "include", "including", "contain", "containing", "provide", "providing", "offer", "offering", "specify", "specifying", and any variations thereof used in the description and the claims of this patent application, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises, has, includes, contains, or specifies a list of steps or elements, but not those only, is not to be excluded from the scope of the present application.

[0044] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the exemplary expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Also, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in an appropriate manner.

[0045] It should be noted that "at" in the embodiments of the present application can be at the moment when a certain condition occurs, or can be within a period of time after a certain condition occurs, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0046] First, the terms involved in the present application are explained:

[0047] Slope land: Slope land is an important cultivated land resource, which refers to the dry land on the hillside with poor flatness, serious problems of running water, fertilizer and soil, and low crop yield. Generally, it refers to the cultivated land with a slope of 6° to 25° which is reclaimed and utilized. Due to natural reasons such as climate and soil texture, and human reasons such as overuse of slope land caused by man-land contradiction and lack of water and soil conservation measures for slope land planting, the problem of water and soil loss on slope land is serious.

[0048] Grass cover: Grass cover is a method of planting herbaceous plants as cover in the row of fruit trees or in the whole orchard, which is an agricultural measure to maintain water and soil, regulate soil temperature, and increase soil fertility.

[0049] Plant hedge: Plant hedge is a plant strip formed by planting suitable trees, shrubs or herbaceous plants along contour lines on the slope, which has the ability of water and soil conservation, maintenance of biodiversity, climate regulation, provision of raw materials, landscape rest and other ecological system services.

[0050] The technical solutions of the present application and how the technical solutions of the present application solve the above technical problems will be described in detail below with specific examples. The following specific examples can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes can not be described again in some examples. The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0051] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for constructing a citrus orchard grass planting hedge system for hilly slope farmland in the south is provided for the embodiments of the present application Figure One ; for example Figure 1 , the method comprises:

[0052] S101, according to the contour line or vertical height, determine the mutually spaced grass planting area and plant hedge planting area in the citrus orchard.

[0053] Specifically, due to the particularity of slope farmland, the citrus orchard is divided into grass planting area and plant hedge planting area according to the contour line, and the citrus orchard is planned in the form of grass and plant hedge.

[0054] S102, determine the grass type and grass planting method according to the region type and tree age type of the citrus orchard, and plant grass in the grass planting area according to the grass type and grass planting method; wherein the region type includes southern economic forest garden and southwestern economic forest garden; the tree age type includes adult period and juvenile period, the grass type includes one or more of southern forest garden summer green manure, southern forest garden winter green manure, southwestern forest garden summer green manure and southwestern forest garden winter green manure; the grass planting method includes winter-summer green manure annual coverage mode or winter green manure coverage no-tillage grass suppression mode.

[0055] Specifically, the southern economic forest garden refers to the forest garden in the region south of the Yangtze River, such as Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shanghai, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan, and the southwestern economic forest garden specifically refers to the forest garden in the southwestern region of China, such as Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan.

[0056] Specifically, due to the differences in climate, soil type and fertility level in different regions, it is necessary to select plants with good adaptability according to the actual situation of the local area. Ecological adaptability also exists in matching the growth needs of citrus trees. Different tree age types of citrus trees have different needs for light, water and nutrients, therefore, different grass types and grass planting methods are determined according to the tree age type and region type of the citrus orchard, and the grass is planted according to the corresponding type and planting method.

[0057] S103, determine the plant hedge type and plant hedge planting method according to the tree age type, and plant the plant hedge in the plant hedge planting area according to the plant hedge type and plant hedge planting method; wherein the plant hedge type includes low plant hedge and medium-high plant hedge.

[0058] Similarly, different types of hedges and planting methods should be determined based on the age of the trees in the citrus orchard; hedges should be planted according to the corresponding types and planting methods.

[0059] This application provides a method for constructing a grass-plant hedge system for citrus orchards on hilly sloping farmland in southern China. By alternating between grass and plant hedges, different types of grass, grass planting methods, plant hedge types, and plant hedge planting methods are determined according to the age type and regional type of the citrus orchard, thus constructing a grass-plant hedge system for citrus orchards on sloping farmland, thereby reducing the technical complexity and operability of citrus orchards on sloping farmland.

[0060] Figure 2 This application provides a flowchart illustrating the method for constructing a citrus orchard hedge system for hilly sloping farmland in southern China. Figure Two ,like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment... Figure 1 Based on the embodiments, the method is described in detail as follows:

[0061] S210. Divide the area into a hedge zone every 3-8 rows of citrus trees along contour lines or every 10-24 meters along vertical distance. The hedge zone is used to plant single or double rows of hedges. The area between two adjacent hedge zones is a grass zone.

[0062] Specifically, due to the special characteristics of sloping farmland, a row here does not refer to a row on the same straight line, but rather to a row arranged according to contour lines. One or more rows can be arranged on a single contour line.

[0063] S220. Based on the region type and tree age type, if the region type is a southern economic forest park, determine the grass cover type as either summer green manure or winter green manure for southern forest parks; if the region type is a southwestern economic forest park, determine the grass cover type as either summer green manure or winter green manure for southwestern forest parks; if the tree age type is young, determine the grass cover planting method as a year-round winter-summer green manure mulching pattern; if the tree age type is mature, determine the grass cover planting method as a winter green manure mulching no-till grass pressing pattern.

[0064] Specifically, the summer green manure for southern forest gardens includes one or more of the following: clover, cassia, cowpea, and black cowpea; the winter green manure for southern forest gardens includes one or more of the following: hairy vetch, glossy vetch, arrowhead pea, and milkvetch; the summer green manure for southwestern forest gardens includes one or more of the following: clover, cowpea, black cowpea, and lappa bean; the winter green manure for southwestern forest gardens includes one or more of the following: hairy vetch, glossy vetch, arrowhead pea, and mountain pea.

[0065] Specifically, the above-mentioned southern forest garden summer green manure, southern forest garden winter green manure, southwest forest garden summer green manure, and southwest forest garden winter green manure are based on their regions and tree ages, and fully consider the growth of citrus trees, light, space, and the demand for soil. Young citrus trees need more light and space, at this time, slow-growing, low-height grass species and hedge tree species can be selected; adult citrus trees need better water and soil conservation and ecological regulation functions, at this time, fast-growing, well-developed root system grass species and hedge tree species can be selected; in addition, due to the significant nitrogen fixation effect of legume plants, the grass growing method selects legume plants as the main grass growing species.

[0066] Specifically, the citrus garden tree age type can be divided into a young age period and an adult age period, wherein the young age period is the seedling period and the initial fruiting period of the fruit tree, the time is 0-4 years, and the tree height is about 2-3 meters; the adult age period is the fruiting period and the aging period of the fruit tree, the time is 4-12 years, and the tree height is about 3-8 meters.

[0067] Specifically, the winter-summer green manure annual coverage mode is: sowing winter green manure before and after rainfall in September-October, and then sowing or sowing and burying summer green manure in the following May-June; by September-October, burying summer green manure and sowing winter green manure, the first year implements a "two sowing and two burying" operation cycle.

[0068] Specifically, the winter green manure coverage no-tillage grass suppression mode is: sowing winter green manure when the soil moisture condition is good or before and after rainfall in September-October, and then sowing and burying summer green manure in the following May-June; by September-October, appropriately supplementing sowing (reducing the sowing amount by 30%).

[0069] Specifically, if the region type is a southern economic forest garden and the tree age type is a young age period, the grass growing type is determined as the southern forest garden summer green manure and the southern forest garden winter green manure, and the grass growing planting mode is determined as the winter-summer green manure annual coverage mode.

[0070] Specifically, if the region type is a southern economic forest garden and the tree age type is an adult age period, the grass growing type is determined as the southern forest garden winter green manure, and the grass growing planting mode is determined as the winter green manure coverage no-tillage grass suppression mode.

[0071] Specifically, if the region type is a southwest economic forest garden and the tree age type is a young age period, the grass growing type is determined as the southwest forest garden summer green manure and the southwest forest garden winter green manure, and the grass growing planting mode is determined as the winter-summer green manure annual coverage mode.

[0072] Specifically, if the region type is a southwest economic forest garden and the tree age type is an adult age period, the grass growing type is determined as the southwest forest garden winter green manure, and the grass growing planting mode is determined as the winter green manure coverage no-tillage grass suppression mode.

[0073] S230, planting grass according to the determined grass growing type and grass growing planting mode in the grass growing planting area.

[0074] Specifically, the citrus orchard is cleaned before sowing, and plowing is performed at a distance of 30-50 cm from the main trunk of the fruit tree in the planting area; in the plowing area, grass seed of the grass planting type is sown according to the grass planting mode.

[0075] Specifically, the pre-sowing preparation work includes: removing obvious stones, large branches, tall weeds and the like in the citrus orchard before sowing; plowing at a distance of 30-50 cm from the main trunk of the fruit tree in the orchard, with a plowing depth of 10-15 cm, leveling and breaking up the soil clods; while leveling the orchard, base fertilizer such as nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer can be applied first, with a recommended amount of 2-3 kg / mu (pure) of nitrogen fertilizer and 3-5 kg / mu (pure) of phosphorus fertilizer, and no base fertilizer can be applied in high-fertility plots.

[0076] Further, the green manure seeds should be sunned for 1-2 days before sowing to improve the germination rate of the seeds, promote water absorption and germination of the seeds, and ensure uniform emergence.

[0077] Further, the sowing amount of grass seeds can be appropriately increased in the first sowing of the citrus orchard, with a recommended amount of 1.5-2 kg / mu of Astragalus sinicus seeds, 3-5 kg / mu of Vicia cracca, arrow-shaped peas and clover.

[0078] Further, if the tree age type is the juvenile stage, the mixed green manure seeds are evenly sown between the rows of citrus trees at a distance of about 30-50 cm from the main trunk of the tree, ensuring that the seeds contact the ground, and then covered with branches or straw.

[0079] Further, if the tree age type is the adult stage, the no-tillage sowing method can be used for planting, and the grass seeds are directly sown between the rows of citrus trees at a distance of about 30-50 cm from the main trunk of the tree.

[0080] S240, if the tree age type is the juvenile stage, the plant hedge type is determined to be a low-type plant hedge, and the plant hedge planting method is determined to be a cutting or transplanting method; if the tree age type is the adult stage, the plant hedge type is determined to be a medium-high type plant hedge, and the plant hedge planting method is determined to be a direct seeding or transplanting method.

[0081] Specifically, the low-type plant hedge is generally a low shrub or herbaceous plant, such as one or more of wolfberry, Amorpha fruticosa, or day lily; among them, day lily is a shallow-rooted plant, which is distributed in different soil layers with the root system of citrus trees, and does not compete with citrus trees.

[0082] Specifically, the medium-high type plant hedge includes some shrubs or trees with fast growth rate, developed root system, drought and barren tolerance; for example, one or more of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, black locust, ligustrum, and Lantana camara, among which Lantana camara grows fast, with a growth of several meters per year, which can quickly establish a protective barrier.

[0083] Specifically, in the young stage of citrus trees, a winter-summer green manure annual mulching mode and low hedges are adopted to ensure the illumination and ventilation of the citrus trees; in the adult stage of the citrus trees, a winter green manure mulching no-tillage grass suppression mode is generally selected, and the height of the hedge is appropriately increased to improve the soil management effect.

[0084] S250, planting the hedge in the hedge planting area according to the determined hedge type and hedge planting mode.

[0085] Specifically, the suitable planting time of the hedge is the spring, and the planting is generally performed after the soil is thawed and the air temperature rises to the suitable temperature; before the hedge is planted, the soil is ploughed, leveled and fertilized with an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer.

[0086] Further, the planting density of the hedge needs to consider the growth habits of different plants, and the planting density of the plant species with rapid growth and many branches can be appropriately reduced, while the planting density of the plant species with slow growth and few branches needs to be increased; for example, the planting density of Amorpha fruticosa is generally 3-5 plants per meter, and the planting density of Lantana camara can reach 5-8 plants per meter; in the citrus orchard with a large slope, the planting density of the hedge should be appropriately increased to enhance the ability of intercepting slope runoff and preventing soil erosion. Generally speaking, the planting density can be increased by 10%-20% for each increase of 10 degrees of slope.

[0087] S260, managing and maintaining the planted grass and hedge.

[0088] Specifically, the young citrus orchard needs to timely remove weeds in the initial growth stage of the grass to avoid the competition for nutrients and water between the weeds and the grass; when the grass grows to a certain height, the grass is appropriately pruned; and water is timely supplied to meet the growth needs of the grass.

[0089] Specifically, the management of the grass in the adult citrus orchard should be light and simple, and no fertilization and weeding are needed; in the newly reclaimed or barren citrus orchard, an appropriate amount of fertilizer, especially phosphorus fertilizer, is applied, and generally, 10-20 kg of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer or superphosphoric acid calcium and 5-10 kg of potassium sulfate are recommended per mu.

[0090] Specifically, the management of the grass needs to pay attention to timely irrigation when drought occurs, and the soil should be deep ploughed once every 3-7 years, preferably every 5 years or so.

[0091] Specifically, after the hedge is planted, water is timely supplied to keep the soil moist and promote the survival and growth of the hedge.

[0092] The embodiment of the application provides a citrus orchard grass hedge system construction method for the hilly and sloping land in the south, which has the following technical effects:

[0093] Since grass and hedge tree species have different ecological niches, they differ in space, time and resource utilization. By setting up a gap between the two and reasonable collocation, ecological space and resources can be fully utilized, and the stability and productivity of the ecosystem can be improved. For example, grass species usually have shallow root systems and mainly use soil surface water and nutrients; while hedge tree species have deep root systems and can absorb soil deep water and nutrients, the combination of the two can improve the utilization efficiency of soil water and nutrients. By fully utilizing the differences and complementarities of different grass and hedge tree species in ecological function, the soil temperature regulation and soil fertility improvement functions of grass-covered ground can be fully utilized; the plant hedge can loosen the soil, increase the soil porosity, promote the activity of soil microorganisms, intercept the soil on the slope, retain water and soil, and regulate the microclimate.

[0094] According to the ecological adaptability and ecological niche complementarity principle, since the climate, soil type and fertility level of different regions are different, and different tree age types of citrus trees have different demands for light, water and nutrients, according to the geographical location and tree age type, the grass species and hedge tree species are reasonably selected to better adapt to the local climate and soil conditions. A stable, efficient and sustainable ecological system is constructed to provide a good environment for the growth of citrus trees, while realizing the unity of ecology, economy and social benefits.

[0095] Compared with the current method, the process of plowing and loosening the soil when planting grass every year does not need to invest more labor, reduces the workload of re-digging and building ecological ditches in different positions, reduces the dependence of the orchard on microbial agents and strain agents, and reduces the investment in fertilizers to save costs.

[0096] The embodiment of the application also provides a citrus orchard grass and hedge system construction method for hilly and sloping farmland in the south. It is used in a certain citrus base in Hubei hilly area (citrus variety is Lunwan, tree age is 6 years, and slope is 27°), belongs to southern economic garden, and is adult citrus orchard. The steps include:

[0097] (1) In the citrus orchard, along the contour line, every 5 rows of citrus trees are divided into hedge regions, and are planted in single rows; adjacent hedge regions are grass regions;

[0098] (2) The citrus orchard belongs to a southern economic garden, is an adult citrus orchard, the grass type is determined to be southern forest orchard winter green manure, the grass planting mode is determined to be a winter green manure cover no-tillage and grass suppression mode; the southern forest orchard winter green manure selects velvet vetch seeds; when planting, velvet vetch seeds are selected for sowing in late October of the first year, the green manure seeds should be selected for sunning for 1-2 days before sowing, and the dosage is 4 kg / mu; the grass seeds are directly sowed in the grass region at a distance of about 30-50 cm from the trunk of the citrus tree between the rows of citrus trees;

[0099] (3) According to the tree age type, a middle-high type plant hedge is selected, and specifically, Lantana camara is selected; in the first year, Lantana camara seedlings are selected in early April to be transplanted in the plant hedge area, and the planting density is 6 seedlings per meter;

[0100] According to the method of the embodiment, from the planting effect in the second year, the soil can be covered after the grass seeds in the soil naturally germinate, and ploughing is not needed in the second year.

[0101] The embodiment of the application further provides a citrus orchard grass planting hedge system construction method for a southern hilly slope farmland, which is used for a certain citrus base in Hubei hilly land (citrus variety is Jiuyuehong, tree age is 3 years, and slope is 18°), belongs to a southern economic garden, and is a young citrus orchard. Steps include:

[0102] (1) In the citrus orchard, every 8 rows of citrus trees are determined as plant hedge areas along the contour line, and are planted in a single row; and the plant hedge areas adjacent to each other are grass planting areas;

[0103] (2) The citrus orchard belongs to a southern economic garden, is a young citrus orchard, the grass planting type is determined as southern forest garden summer green manure and southern forest garden winter green manure, and the grass planting mode is determined as a summer green manure annual coverage mode. The southern forest garden summer green manure is selected as Trifolium repens, and the southern forest garden winter green manure is selected as Vicia villosa. When the grass is planted, Trifolium repens seeds are selected to be sown in early May of the first year, the mixed green manure seeds are uniformly sown in the citrus tree rows at a distance of about 30-50 cm from the trunk, and the dosage is 3 kg / mu; after the summer green manure is turned over in late October of the first year, Vicia villosa seeds are selected to be sown, the green manure seeds should be selected to be sunned for 1-2 days before sowing, and the dosage is 4 kg / mu; the grass seeds are directly sown in the citrus tree rows at a distance of about 30-50 cm from the trunk, and then branches or straws are used for covering;

[0104] Specifically, before planting, the soil is deep ploughed, leveled, and an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer is applied;

[0105] (3) According to the tree age type, the plant hedge type is determined as a low type plant hedge, and the plant hedge planting mode is determined as a cutting or transplanting mode; the low type plant hedge is selected as Lysimachia vulgaris seedlings; when the grass is planted, Lysimachia vulgaris seedlings are selected to be transplanted in early April of the first year, and the planting density is 12 seedlings per meter;

[0106] (4) The planted grass and plant hedge are managed and maintained

[0107] Specifically, after the grass is planted, weeds are removed in time, and water is appropriately poured; the grass does not need to be ploughed in the second year, and the soil can be covered after the grass seeds in the soil naturally germinate; if the growth of the grass is poor, the grass seeds can be appropriately sown according to the above method.

[0108] Specifically, according to the growth, the second year of the hedge planting method is the same as the above, and the hedge area is supplemented;

[0109] The method provided in the embodiment of the application has similar effects and principles to the above method, and will not be described here.

[0110] The embodiment of the application also provides a method for constructing a citrus orchard grass planting hedge system for a hilly slope farmland in the south, which is used in a certain citrus base in Chongqing (the citrus variety is Newhall navel orange, the tree age is 8 years, and the slope is 10°), belongs to a southwest economic garden, and is an adult citrus orchard. The steps include:

[0111] (1) In the citrus orchard, along the contour line, every 7 rows of citrus trees are divided into a hedge area, and are planted in a single row; and the adjacent hedge areas are grass planting areas;

[0112] (2) The citrus orchard belongs to a southwest economic garden, and is an adult citrus orchard. The grass type is determined to be a southwest forest garden winter green manure. The grass planting mode is determined to be a winter green manure mulching no-tillage grass suppression mode. The light leaf mung bean seeds are selected as the southwest forest garden winter green manure. In the first year, the light leaf mung bean seeds are selected for sowing in late October. The green manure seeds should be selected for sunning for 1-2 days before sowing, and the dosage is 4 kg / mu. The grass seeds are directly sowed in the citrus tree rows at a distance of about 30-50 cm from the main stem in the grass planting area;

[0113] (3) According to the tree age type, a medium-high type hedge is selected, and specifically, a locust tree is selected. In the first year, the locust seedlings are selected for transplanting in the hedge area in early April, and the planting density is 4 plants per meter.

[0114] According to the method of the embodiment, from the planting effect in the second year, the soil can be covered after the grass seeds naturally germinate, and no ploughing is needed in the second year.

[0115] The method provided in the embodiment of the application has similar effects and principles to the above method, and will not be described here.

[0116] The embodiment of the application also provides a method for constructing a citrus orchard grass planting hedge system for a hilly slope farmland in the south, which is used in a certain citrus base in Chongqing (the citrus variety is Newhall navel orange, the tree age is 8 years, and the slope is 10°), belongs to a southwest economic garden, and is an adult citrus orchard. The steps include:

[0117] (1) In the citrus orchard, along the contour line, every 10 rows of citrus trees are determined as a hedge area, and are planted in a single row; and the adjacent hedge areas are grass planting areas;

[0118] (2) The citrus orchard belongs to the southwest economic garden, and is a young citrus orchard. The grass types are determined as the southwest forest garden summer green manure and the southwest forest garden winter green manure. The grass planting modes are determined as the summer green manure annual coverage mode. The Trifolium repens is selected as the southwest forest garden summer green manure, and the Vicia sativa is selected as the southwest forest garden winter green manure. In the planting, the Trifolium repens seeds are selected and sowed in the first ten days of May in the first year, and the mixed green manure seeds are evenly sowed between the citrus tree rows at a distance of 30-50 cm from the tree trunk, and the dosage is 3 kg / mu. After the summer green manure is turned over in the last ten days of October in the first year, the Vicia sativa seeds are selected and sowed. The green manure seeds should be sunned for 1-2 days before sowing, and the dosage is 4 kg / mu. The grass seeds are directly sowed between the citrus tree rows at a distance of 30-50 cm from the tree trunk, and then the branches or straws are covered.

[0119] Specifically, the soil is deep ploughed, leveled and applied with appropriate amount of organic fertilizer before planting.

[0120] (3) According to the tree age type, the hedge type is determined as the low hedge, and the hedge planting mode is determined as the cutting or transplanting mode. The low hedge selects the young Allium flavum seedlings. In the planting, the Allium flavum seedlings are selected and transplanted in the first ten days of April, and the planting density is 12 seedlings per meter.

[0121] (4) The planted grass and hedge are managed and maintained

[0122] Specifically, the weeds are removed in time after the grass is planted, and the water is irrigated in time. The second year grass does not need to be ploughed, and the grass seeds in the soil are naturally germinated to realize the ground coverage. If the grass grows poorly, the grass seeds can be appropriately supplemented according to the above method.

[0123] Specifically, according to the growth, the hedge planting method in the second year is the same as the above, and the hedge area is supplemented.

[0124] Finally, it should be pointed out that: other embodiments of the present application will be easily thought of by those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptive changes of the present application, which follow the general principles of the present application and include the common knowledge or conventional technical means in the art which are not disclosed by the present application, and are not limited to the precise structure which has been described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a citrus orchard grassed hedge system for hilly and sloping farmland in the South, characterized in that, include: Based on contour lines or vertical height, determine the alternating grass planting areas and hedge planting areas in the citrus orchard; The type and method of cover cropping are determined based on the regional type and tree age type of the citrus orchard. Cover cropping is then carried out within the designated area according to the determined type and method. The regional type includes southern economic forest orchards and southwestern economic forest orchards. The tree age type includes mature and juvenile trees. The cover cropping type includes one or more of the following: summer green manure for southern forest orchards, winter green manure for southern forest orchards, summer green manure for southwestern forest orchards, and winter green manure for southwestern forest orchards. The cover cropping method includes a year-round winter-summer green manure mulching pattern or a winter green manure mulching no-till grass covering pattern. The type of hedge and the planting method are determined according to the tree age type, and the hedges are planted in the hedge planting area according to the type of hedge and the planting method; wherein, the type of hedge includes low hedges and medium-tall hedges; The summer green manure for the southern forest garden includes one or more of the following: clover, cassia seed, cowpea, and black cowpea; the winter green manure for the southern forest garden includes one or more of the following: hairy vetch, glossy vetch, arrowhead pea, and milkvetch; the summer green manure for the southwestern forest garden includes one or more of the following: clover, cowpea, black cowpea, and lappa bean; the winter green manure for the southwestern forest garden includes one or more of the following: hairy vetch, glossy vetch, arrowhead pea, and wild pea. The determination of the type and method of cover cropping based on the regional type and tree age of the citrus orchard includes: If the region type is the Southern Economic Forest Park, and the tree age type is the juvenile stage; the grass cover type is determined to be the Southern Forest Park summer green manure and the Southern Forest Park winter green manure, and the grass cover planting method is determined to be the winter-summer green manure year-round coverage mode; if the region type is the Southern Economic Forest Park, and the tree age type is the mature stage; the grass cover type is determined to be the Southern Forest Park winter green manure, and the grass cover planting method is determined to be the winter green manure mulch no-till grass covering mode; if the region type is the Southwest Economic Forest Park, and the tree age type is the juvenile stage; the grass cover type is determined to be the Southwest Forest Park summer green manure and the Southwest Forest Park winter green manure, and the grass cover planting method is determined to be the winter-summer green manure year-round coverage mode; if the region type is the Southwest Economic Forest Park, and the tree age type is the mature stage; the grass cover type is determined to be the Southwest Forest Park winter green manure, and the grass cover planting method is determined to be the winter green manure mulch no-till grass covering mode; Determining the type of plant hedge based on the tree age includes: If the tree age type is the juvenile stage, the hedge type is determined to be a low-growing hedge, which includes one or more of wolfberry, purple locust, and daylily; if the tree age type is the mature stage, the hedge type is determined to be a medium-tall hedge, which includes one or more of prickly ash, black locust, privet, and lantana.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of determining the planting method of the hedge based on the tree age type includes: If the tree age type is the young age period, it is determined that the hedge planting mode is a cutting or transplanting mode; If the tree age type is the adult age period, it is determined that the hedge planting mode is a direct seeding or transplanting mode.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the mutually spaced grass planting area and the hedge planting area in the citrus orchard according to contour lines or vertical heights comprises: According to contour lines, every 3-8 rows of citrus trees are divided into a group of hedge planting areas, and the hedge planting areas are used for planting single-row or double-row hedges; and a grass planting area is divided between two adjacent hedge planting areas.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The grass is planted in the grass planting area according to the grass type and the grass planting mode; It comprises: The citrus orchard is cleaned before sowing, and the sowing area is ploughed at a distance of 30-50 cm from the trunk of the fruit tree; The grass seeds of the grass type are sown in the ploughed area according to the grass planting mode.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The sowing of the grass seeds of the grass type according to the grass planting mode comprises: If the tree age type is the young age period, the mixed grass seeds of the grass type are uniformly sown by broadcasting; If the tree age type is the adult age period, the grass seeds are directly sown by no-tillage sowing, and the seeds are covered with branches or straws.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, After the hedge is planted, the method further comprises: managing and maintaining the planted grass and the hedge; which comprises: If the tree age type is the young age period, the grass and the hedge are weeded, pruned and irrigated; If the tree age type is the adult age period, the grass and the hedge are not weeded and fertilized.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The management and maintenance of the planted grass and the hedge further comprises: Every 3-7 years, the grass and the hedge are deep ploughed.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein, The winter-summer green manure annual coverage mode is: winter green manure is sown in September-October, the winter green manure is ploughed in the following May-June, and summer green manure is sown or sown in furrows; until September-October, the summer green manure is ploughed, the winter green manure is sown, and the "two sowing and two ploughing" operation cycle is implemented in the first year; The winter green manure coverage no-tillage grass suppression mode is: winter green manure is sown in September-October, and the following September-October is supplemented with sowing.

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