Konjac seed breeding and storage management method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seed konjak breeding and storage, in particular to a seed konjak breeding and storage management method which starts from multiple aspects of nutrition pot isolation planting, nutrition disease prevention matrix formula, facility water and fertilizer management, constant-temperature storage, variable-temperature germination acceleration and indoor disinfection management. Compared with large-field konjak seed taro breeding and homing overwintering, the brand-new facility konjak seed taro breeding and storage method provided by the invention has the advantages that adverse effects of extreme climatic environments on seed taro production and storage are effectively prevented, high-quality seed taro can be produced and stored on a large scale, and the method is suitable for large-scale production and storage of the high-quality seed taro. The problems of low yield, low breeding coefficient and high morbidity of konjak field planting are solved from the provenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop breeding and storage, and in particular to a method for breeding and storing konjac seed taro. Background Art

[0002] Konjac( Amorphophallus konjac ) is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Araceae family, rich in soluble dietary fiber and glucomannan, and has significant health benefits in lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar, controlling weight and promoting digestion. As a specialty crop, the konjac industry has great development potential in domestic and foreign markets, especially in mountainous areas. Its high economic benefits provide an important way to adjust the agricultural structure and increase farmers' income.

[0003] However, with the expansion of konjac planting area, the insufficient supply of high-quality seed taro has become a bottleneck restricting the development of the industry. The traditional field under-forest planting and corn intercropping breeding mode not only has a high risk of disease transmission, but also due to factors such as poor soil, insufficient light and extreme weather, leads to poor quality of seed taro, high disease rate and low expansion coefficient. In particular, environmental factors such as high temperature, drought and waterlogging have significantly increased the risk of field seed taro breeding. During the wintering of konjac seed taro in the field, soft rot and white rot are two major diseases, and seed taro is very easy to cross-infect. In addition, konjac seed taro breeding is generally planted in high-altitude mountainous areas. When encountering extreme low temperature weather, seed taro field wintering is very easy to produce frost damage. In the production of field konjac commercial taro, seed taro disease is the main reason for the high incidence of diseases in field production, and the incidence rate is generally above 30%, and even total crop failure in severe cases. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of poor seed taro quality, low expansion coefficient and high disease rate, the present invention provides a method for breeding and storage management of konjac seed taro. The method for breeding and storage management of konjac seed taro provided by the present invention can improve the breeding quality of seed taro, reduce the disease rate, shorten the dormancy period, and adapt to large-scale and facility-based seed taro breeding and storage.

[0005] A method for breeding and storing konjac seed taro comprises the following steps: Planting 2- to 3-year-old konjac in a culture medium, and after germination, cultivating them under the conditions of a light intensity of 15000 Lux to 22000 Lux, a light intensity of 10 h / d to 12 h / d, a temperature of 18° C. to 35° C., and a soil moisture of 70% to 80%; During the rapid expansion period of the bulbs, apply water-soluble potassium sulfate fertilizer to promote bulb expansion; The konjac corms are harvested 10 to 15 days after the konjac seedlings fall, and aired to reduce the moisture by 15% to 20% to promote epidermal cork formation; the main corm is separated from the rhizome to obtain the main corm seed taro and the rhizome seed taro, and the main corm seed taro and the rhizome seed taro are stored, and the environment, the main corm seed taro and the rhizome seed taro are sterilized during the storage process; The storage is divided into two stages. The first stage is stored at a temperature of 10°C to 12°C and a humidity of 60% to 70% for 1 to 2 months to reduce mold growth; the second stage is stored at a temperature of 15°C to 18°C ​​and a humidity of 75% to 80% for 1 to 2 months to improve the germination effect. The culture matrix is ​​obtained by mixing soil, earthworm castings, perlite and biochar in a mass ratio of 6-7:3-2:0.5:0.5.

[0006] The method for breeding and storage management of konjac seed taro provided by the present invention adopts a culture matrix with antibacterial properties, reduces the spread of pathogens, improves soil permeability and water retention capacity, enhances the disease resistance and root vitality of seed taro, and provides a healthy and stable growth environment for large-scale planting. After emergence, light, temperature, and soil moisture are controlled to avoid the influence of extreme temperature on the growth of seed taro seedlings, and water-soluble potassium sulfate fertilizer is applied during the rapid expansion period of the corm to improve nutrient utilization and improve the corm expansion rate and breeding coefficient; and in the storage stage, a two-stage storage method is used to not only reduce mold growth, reduce the disease rate, but also achieve efficient germination and germination rate consistency. Through the mutual cooperation between the above steps, the seed taro breeding quality can be improved, the seed taro expansion coefficient can be improved, the disease rate can be reduced, the dormancy period can be shortened, and the large-scale and facility-based seed taro breeding and storage can be adapted.

[0007] In another preferred embodiment, the topdressing amount of the water-soluble potassium sulfate fertilizer is 10kg / mu to 15kg / mu.

[0008] In another preferred embodiment, the disinfection is carried out by simultaneously or alternately using ultraviolet disinfection and ozone fumigation disinfection; The power of the ultraviolet lamp is 30W~40W, the irradiation time is 2h~3h each time, and ultraviolet disinfection is performed once to three times a week. Combining the dual disinfection methods of ultraviolet lamp and ozone, the storage environment, main corm seed taro and rhizome seed taro are fully sterilized to ensure sterile storage and effectively reduce the risk of bacteria and mold.

[0009] In another preferred embodiment, the ozone concentration of the ozone fumigation disinfection is 0.5ppm~2ppm, each fumigation time is 1h~2h, and disinfection is 2~4 times a month.

[0010] In another preferred embodiment, the 2nd to 3rd age konjac refers to 2nd to 3rd age konjac with full terminal buds, no scars, no mildew, and weighing 10g to 14g.

[0011] In another preferred embodiment, the second stage of storage adopts gradual temperature increase, taking 15°C as the base, increasing by 1°C every 3-5 days until the temperature reaches 18°C.

[0012] In another preferred embodiment, the method further comprises placing the main bulb seed taro and the rhizome seed taro in layers before storage, with a spacing of 20 cm to 30 cm between each layer.

[0013] In another preferred embodiment, after the main bulb is separated from the rhizome, it is necessary to leave it to stand, and apply a copper sulfate solution to the wound until the wound heals.

[0014] In another preferred embodiment, the mass percent concentration of the copper sulfate solution is 0.1% to 0.5%.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The konjac seed taro breeding and storage management method provided by the invention adopts a culture matrix obtained by mixing soil, earthworm castings, perlite and biochar in a mass ratio of 6-7:3-2:0.5:0.5, and the culture matrix has good antibacterial property, can reduce the spread of pathogens during the culture process, enhance the disease resistance and root activity of the seed taro, and can control the light, temperature and soil moisture during the culture process, thereby further improving the quality of the seed taro; before storage, by reducing the moisture of the konjac corm by 15%-20%, epidermal cork can be effectively promoted, the storage resistance of the seed taro is improved, and the decay of the konjac corm during storage is reduced; through a two-stage storage mode, the first stage is used to reduce the growth of mold during storage, thereby effectively preventing the disease rate of the seed taro during storage, and the second stage is used to improve the germination effect, achieve efficient germination and consistency of germination rate, and further improve the quality of the seed taro and production efficiency. Through the coordination among the above steps, the quality and expansion coefficient of konjac can be effectively improved, the incidence of konjac can be reduced, and the adverse effects of extreme climatic conditions on the production and storage of seed taro can be prevented. High-quality seed taro can be produced and stored on a large scale, solving the problem of high incidence of konjac in field cultivation from the seed source.

[0016] The invention integrates the facility-based breeding and storage management methods of konjac seed taro, effectively reduces the risks of field seed taro breeding and overwintering, can produce high-quality seed taro on a large scale, and provides high-quality seed source guarantee for commercial taro production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 For isolated planting in nutrient pots.

[0018] Figure 2To manage the growth of konjac in a facility-based manner.

[0019] Figure 3 For post-harvest and pre-storage processing.

[0020] Figure 4 It is the frost damage caused by wintering in the fields.

[0021] Figure 5 For indoor storage of taro seeds after germination. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. The experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following embodiments can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0023] The konjac variety of following embodiment is flower konjac.

[0024] Embodiment 1: a method for breeding and storage management of konjac seed taro.

[0025] 1. Isolation planting in nutrient pots A 3-year-old konjac rhizome with full terminal buds, no scars, no mildew, and weighing 12 g was selected as the breeding material, and garden soil, earthworm castings, perlite, and biochar were mixed in a mass ratio of 6:3:0.5:0.5 to obtain a matrix, and the matrix was placed in a 30 cm × 35 cm highly air-permeable and drainable nutrient pot, and a 3-year-old konjac rhizome was placed in each nutrient pot. Figure 1 shown.

[0026] 2. Water and fertilizer management From May to August after the seedlings emerge, the light intensity is controlled at 15000 Lux to 21000 Lux using a 60% shade net for natural light irradiation. Water curtains and fans are used to cool the greenhouse and the temperature is maintained at 18°C ​​to avoid the impact of extreme temperatures on the growth of the taro. Figure 2 As shown. Among them, 60% shade net refers to the shade net with a light transmittance of 60%.

[0027] Use a micro-spray drip irrigation system to maintain soil moisture at 75% to ensure water supply during the growth of the taro. During the rapid expansion period of the bulbs from June to August, 12.5 kg of water-soluble potassium sulfate (N-P2O5-K2O=17-5-26) is applied per mu, and the fertilization time is scheduled at 6 pm to avoid the influence of high temperatures.

[0028] 3. Constant temperature storage and variable temperature germination The konjac corms were harvested 13 days after the konjac seedlings fell. Figure 3 As shown, operation is selected when sunny day or soil is dry, avoid mechanical damage, after harvesting, konjac corm is placed in ventilation and cool place for 4 days, moisture is reduced by 17.5%, promote epidermal cork. Main corm is separated from rhizome, cleaning tools are used to avoid bacterial infection, and after separation, it is necessary to stand for 4 days until wound healing, select copper sulfate solution treatment wound of mass percent concentration of 0.1%, and obtain main corm seed taro and rhizome seed taro after wound healing. Classify by main corm seed taro and rhizome seed taro before storage, and store with layer rack type, each layer spacing 25cm, ensure good ventilation and reject sick taro, avoid cross contamination.

[0029] Storage is divided into two stages. In the first stage from November to December, the storage temperature is maintained at 11°C, the humidity is controlled at 65%, and the stratified ventilation device is used to ventilate twice a week to prevent local excessive humidity and mold growth. In the second stage from January to February, the dormancy of the main corm seed taro and rhizome seed taro is gradually broken by using variable temperature technology. By gradually raising the temperature from 15°C, the temperature is increased by 1°C every 4 days until the temperature reaches 18°C, and the humidity is maintained at 78%, the dynamic regulation of temperature and humidity is achieved to avoid the influence of local humidity or temperature abnormalities on the germination quality, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0030] During the storage process, the environment, main bulb seed taro and rhizome seed taro are sterilized, and the storage environment and seed taro are sterilized in all directions through ultraviolet light and ozone fumigation. Among them, ultraviolet light and ozone fumigation are carried out simultaneously.

[0031] The conditions for UV lamp disinfection are: UV lamp wavelength 254nm, power 35W, adjust the number of equipment according to the size of the storage room, continuous irradiation time 2.5 hours, twice a week to ensure that the storage environment is continuously sterile. Ozone fumigation disinfection: Ozone generator, output ozone concentration 1.2ppm, with automatic timing function to ensure easy operation, each fumigation time 1.5 hours, before placing the main corm seed taro and rhizome seed taro and during storage, disinfection 3 times a month.

[0032] Embodiment 2: a method for breeding and storage management of konjac seed taro.

[0033] 1. Isolation planting in nutrient pots A 2-year-old konjac rhizome with full terminal buds, no scars, no mildew and weighing 10 g was selected as the breeding material, and a matrix was prepared by mixing garden soil, earthworm castings, perlite and biochar in a mass ratio of 7:2:0.5:0.5 to obtain the matrix, and the matrix was placed in a 30 cm×35 cm highly air permeable and drainable nutrient pot, and 2 2-year-old konjac rhizomes were placed in each nutrient pot.

[0034] 2. Intelligent water and fertilizer management From May to August after the emergence of seedlings, a 50% shade net is used to control the light intensity at 15,000 Lux to 18,000 Lux for natural light exposure. Water curtains and fans are used in the greenhouse to cool down and keep the temperature at 25°C to avoid the impact of extreme high temperatures on the growth of the taro. A micro-spray drip irrigation system is used to maintain soil moisture at 70% to ensure water supply during the growth of the taro. Among them, a 50% shade net refers to a shade net with a light transmittance of 50%.

[0035] During the rapid expansion period of the bulbs from June to August, apply 10 kg of water-soluble potassium sulfate (N-P2O5-K2O=17-5-26) per mu. The fertilization time should be arranged at 6 pm to avoid the influence of high temperature.

[0036] 3. Constant temperature storage and variable temperature germination Konjac corms were harvested 10 days after konjac seedlings fell, and operations were selected when sunny days or soil was dry to avoid mechanical damage. After harvesting, konjac corms were placed in a ventilated, cool place and aired for 3 days to reduce moisture by 15%, promoting epidermal cork. Main corm was separated from rhizome, and cleaning tools were used to avoid bacterial infection. The seed taro after separation needed to stand for 3 days until wound healing, and the copper sulfate solution treatment wound was selected to be 0.5% by mass percent concentration, until wound healing, main corm seed taro and rhizome seed taro were obtained. Classification was performed by main corm seed taro and rhizome seed before storage, and stored with layer rack type, with a spacing of 20 cm per layer, ensuring good ventilation and rejecting sick taro, avoiding cross contamination.

[0037] Storage is divided into two stages. In the first stage from November to December, the storage temperature is maintained at 10°C, the humidity is controlled at 60%, and the stratified ventilation device is used for ventilation once a week to prevent local excessive humidity and mold growth. In the second stage from January to February, the dormancy of the main bulb species and rhizome species is gradually broken by using variable temperature technology. By gradually raising the temperature, starting from 15°C, increasing by 1°C every 3 days until the temperature reaches 18°C, and maintaining the humidity at 75%, dynamic regulation of temperature and humidity is achieved. The stratified ventilation device and intelligent monitoring equipment ensure a uniform germination environment to prevent abnormal local humidity or temperature from affecting the germination quality.

[0038] During the storage process, the environment, main bulb seed taro and rhizome seed are sterilized, and the storage environment and seed taro are sterilized in all directions through the dual effects of ultraviolet light and ozone fumigation. Among them, ultraviolet light and ozone fumigation are carried out simultaneously.

[0039] UV lamp disinfection: UV lamp wavelength is 254nm, power is 30W, the number of equipment is adjusted according to the size of the storage room, continuous irradiation time is 2 hours, once a week to ensure that the storage environment is continuously sterile. Ozone fumigation disinfection: Ozone generator, output ozone concentration is 0.5ppm, each fumigation time is 1 hour, disinfection is carried out twice a month before placing the main corm seed taro and rhizome seed taro and during storage.

[0040] Embodiment 3: a method for breeding and storage management of konjac seed taro.

[0041] The three-year-old konjac rhizomes with full terminal buds, no scars, no mildew, and weighing 14g were selected as breeding materials. The matrix was prepared by mixing garden soil, earthworm castings, perlite, and biochar in a ratio of 6:2:0.5:0.5, and placed in a 30cm×35cm highly breathable and drainable nutrient pot, with one three-year-old konjac rhizome placed in each nutrient pot.

[0042] 2. Intelligent water and fertilizer management From May to August after the emergence of seedlings, the light intensity is controlled at 20,000 Lux to 22,000 Lux using a 70% shade net for natural light exposure. Water curtains and fans are used in the greenhouse to cool down the temperature, which is kept at 35°C to avoid the impact of extreme high temperatures on the growth of the taro. A micro-spray drip irrigation system is used to maintain soil moisture at 80% to ensure water supply during the growth of the taro. Among them, a 70% shade net refers to a shade net with a light transmittance of 70%.

[0043] During the rapid expansion period of the bulbs from June to August, apply 15 kg of water-soluble potassium sulfate (N-P2O5-K2O=17-5-26) per mu. The fertilization time should be arranged at 6 pm to avoid the influence of high temperature.

[0044] 3. Constant temperature storage and variable temperature germination The konjac corms were harvested 12 days after the konjac seedlings fell, and the operation was carried out on a sunny day or when the soil was dry to avoid mechanical damage. After harvesting, the konjac corms were placed in a ventilated and cool place for 5 days to reduce the moisture by 20% and promote epidermal cork. The main corm was separated from the rhizome, and cleaning tools were used to avoid bacterial infection. After separation, it was necessary to stand for 5 days until the wound healed, and a copper sulfate solution with a mass percentage concentration of 0.3% was selected to treat the wound. After the wound healed, the main corm seed taro and rhizome seed taro were obtained. Before storage, they were classified according to the main corm seed taro and rhizome seed taro, and stored in a layered rack with a spacing of 30 cm between each layer to ensure good ventilation and remove diseased taro to avoid cross contamination.

[0045] Storage is divided into two stages. In the first stage from November to December, the storage temperature is kept at 12°C, the humidity is controlled at 70%, and the layered ventilation device is used to ventilate twice a week to prevent local excessive humidity and mold growth. In the second stage from January to February, the dormancy of the main corm seed taro and rhizome seed taro is gradually broken by using variable temperature technology. The temperature is gradually increased, starting from 15°C, and increased by 1°C every 5 days until the temperature reaches 18°C, and the humidity is maintained at 78%, to achieve dynamic regulation of temperature and humidity, and avoid local humidity or temperature abnormalities affecting germination quality.

[0046] During the storage process, the environment, main bulb seed taro and rhizome seed taro are sterilized, and the storage environment and seed taro are sterilized in all directions through ultraviolet light and ozone fumigation. Among them, ultraviolet light and ozone fumigation are carried out simultaneously.

[0047] UV lamp disinfection: UV lamp wavelength is 254nm, power is 40W, the number of equipment is adjusted according to the size of the storage room, continuous irradiation time is 3 hours, 3 times a week to ensure the storage environment is continuously sterile. Ozone fumigation disinfection: Ozone generator, output ozone concentration is 2ppm, each fumigation time is 2 hours, disinfection is carried out 4 times a month before placing the main corm seed taro and rhizome seed taro and during storage.

[0048] Comparative Example 1: Breeding of konjac seeds under forest.

[0049] Climate conditions: Altitude above 700m, minimum temperature ≥-4℃, maximum temperature ≤38℃; annual precipitation 800mm.

[0050] Soil conditions: Choose gently sloping or flat land with good drainage, deep soil, fertile soil and sandy loam with high organic matter content.

[0051] Land preparation and fertilization: In winter, the land is deep-turned to a depth of 35 cm. Before sowing in spring, the soil is broken up by rotary tillage to make the soil particles fine and uniform, the ground is leveled, and weeds are removed from the field. Compound fertilizer is 35 kg / mu and organic fertilizer is 750 kg / mu. Compound fertilizer is purchased from Hubei Sanning Chemical Co., Ltd., and organic fertilizer is farm organic fertilizer.

[0052] Seed selection: Choose seed taro without scars, cracks, diseases, insect pests, or mildew. For seed taro breeding, choose rhizomes of 10g.

[0053] Sowing: Sowing in mid-to-late March, when the average temperature rises to 13°C. The sowing density of seed taro breeding is 7,000 plants per mu, with a row spacing of 15cm×25cm.

[0054] Field management: Use corn as a shade crop for konjac. Plant two rows of corn in one row of konjac. The row spacing is 110 cm and the plant spacing is 25 cm. Corn is sown in early to mid-April. For understory planting, choose forest land with scattered light, thick soil, high organic matter content and gentle slopes. Generally, Robinia pseudoacacia forests are selected.

[0055] Before seedlings emerge, chemical herbicides sethoxydim and glufosinate are used for weed control, with 175 mL of 90 wt% sethoxydim emulsifiable concentrate and 125 mL of 18 wt% sethoxydim emulsifiable concentrate per mu. After seedlings emerge, 25 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied per mu to promote bulb enlargement, and chemical control is carried out using 500-600 times diluted 0.3 wt% tetramycin aqueous solution and 800 times diluted 20 wt% thiophanate-methyl suspension.

[0056] Overwintering in the field: Use corn stalks, wheat straw, rice husks, etc. as ground coverings for konjac, evenly cover the surface of the konjac ridges with a covering thickness of 5cm to ensure that the plant will not be damaged by frost during the winter.

[0057] Harvesting: Harvesting, grading and selling are carried out from mid-February to early March, and the fruits are dried properly on sunny days.

[0058] Comparative Example 2: Corn and Konjac Seed Yam Breeding Corn-konjac intercropping mainly uses corn as a shade crop for konjac, and other cultivation management is the same as the understory planting in Comparative Example 1.

[0059] Comparative example 3: Overwintering in the field.

[0060] The overwintering of taro in the field means that after the taro seedlings fall over, they are not harvested in winter and stay in the field overwintering. In order to ensure that the taro seedlings are not affected by frost damage in winter, the following measures are mainly taken:

[0061] (1) Thicken the soil layer. The covering depth is generally 20 cm.

[0062] (2) Covering and insulation: Cover the soil surface with insulation materials such as straw, stalks or ground film.

[0063] (3) Field management: Drainage ditches should be set up in the fields to drain rainwater and snowwater in a timely manner, keep the soil moist but not too wet, and prevent the taro seeds from rotting.

[0064] (4) Harvesting of seed taro: Harvesting should be carried out after the temperature rises in spring. The covering should be cleared in time, and the frozen or rotten seeds should be removed. The seeds should be properly dried and disinfected.

[0065] Indoor storage means that after the konjac seedlings are knocked down, they are harvested, dried, and sorted before being stored indoors. The details are as follows:

[0066] (1) Konjac is harvested 10 to 15 days after seedlings fall over. After fully mature, it is air-dried to reduce the water content by 17.5%, which promotes corking of the corm epidermis. The main corm is separated from the rhizome, and after the wound heals, it is stored indoors in a layered manner.

[0067] (2) Storage environment: The first stage is from November to December: the temperature is maintained at 11°C, the humidity is controlled at 60% to 70%, and ventilation is carried out regularly. The second stage is from January to February: the temperature is increased to 15 to 18°C, the humidity is adjusted to 70% to 80%, and the budding of the terminal buds is promoted. A layered ventilation device is used to maintain uniform ventilation in the environment to avoid excessive humidity in some areas.

[0068] (3) Disinfection and germination technology: disinfection by ultraviolet light for 2 hours, combined with ozone fumigation for 1 hour to ensure a sterile storage environment. Use variable temperature treatment and ultrasonic germination, that is, use ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 40kHz and an intensity of 1.5W / cm² to treat the seed taro for 30 minutes to break the dormancy period of the seed taro and accelerate germination.

[0069] The yield and incidence of different taro breeding modes were studied with Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, and the emergence period, emergence rate and incidence of different taro storage modes were studied with Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 3. Since the results of Examples 1 to 3 are similar, for the convenience of subsequent discussion and reference, the results of Example 1 shall prevail. The results of the relevant test methods are as follows:

[0070] 1. Yield and morbidity of taro in different taro breeding modes 1. Test methods Konjac rhizomes were selected as breeding materials. Comparative experiments were carried out under three different breeding modes, namely, facility breeding, forest breeding and intercropping of corn and konjac. A systematic evaluation was conducted based on indicators such as germination rate, germination period, disease incidence, expansion coefficient and yield.

[0071] Expansion coefficient / times = harvested bulb weight / sown seed taro weight.

[0072] Incidence rate / %=number of diseased plants / total number of plants.

[0073] 2. Test results Table 1 Comparison of yield and incidence of different taro breeding modes Note: a, b, c indicate significance.

[0074] The test results show that under three different breeding modes, the per mu yield of the method in Example 1 is the highest and the incidence of disease is the lowest. Secondly, Comparative Example 1, the incidence of disease of Comparative Example 2 is the highest and the yield is the lowest. The method in Example 1 is bred to the seed taro, and controllable is controlled by illumination, temperature and humidity to avoid extreme adverse effects, and in addition, nutrient soil and scientific water and fertilizer conditions are conducive to the rapid expansion and yield formation of konjac corms.

[0075] 2. Comparison of seedling emergence and morbidity under different taro storage modes 1. Test methods The two methods of field overwintering of seed taro in Example 1 and indoor storage in Comparative Example 3 were compared, and the quality of seed taro was evaluated based on indicators such as soft rot incidence, germination rate, and germination period.

[0076] Soft rot incidence (%) = number of diseased plants / total number of plants.

[0077] Seedling emergence rate (%) = number of seedlings emerged / total number of sown plants.

[0078] 2. Test results Table 2 Comparison of germination and incidence of different storage modes The above test results show that the incidence of konjac overwintering in the field is significantly higher than that of konjac stored indoors. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the germination period of seed taro stored indoors is earlier and the germination rate is higher. Therefore, indoor storage effectively ensures the quality and safety of seed taro and avoids the risk of seed taro disease caused by frost damage or disease spread in the field.

[0079] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications may occur to these embodiments once those skilled in the art are aware of the basic inventive concepts.

[0080] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for breeding and storing konjac seed taro, characterized in that: The steps include: Planting 2- to 3-year-old konjac in a culture medium, and after germination, cultivating it under the conditions of light intensity of 15000 Lux to 22000 Lux, temperature of 18°C ​​to 35°C, and soil moisture of 70% to 80%; applying water-soluble potassium sulfate fertilizer during the rapid expansion period of the bulb to promote bulb expansion; The konjac corms are harvested 10 to 15 days after the konjac seedlings fall, and aired to reduce the moisture by 15% to 20% to promote epidermal cork formation; the main corm is separated from the rhizome to obtain the main corm seed taro and the rhizome seed taro, and the main corm seed taro and the rhizome seed taro are stored, and the environment, the main corm seed taro and the rhizome seed taro are sterilized during the storage process; The storage is divided into two stages. The first stage is stored at a temperature of 10°C to 12°C and a humidity of 60% to 70% for 1 to 2 months to reduce mold growth; the second stage is stored at a temperature of 15°C to 18°C ​​and a humidity of 75% to 80% for 1 to 2 months to improve the germination effect. The culture matrix is ​​obtained by mixing soil, earthworm castings, perlite and biochar in a mass ratio of 6-7:3-2:0.5:0.

5.

2. the method for konjaku seed taro breeding and storage management according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The topdressing amount of the water-soluble potassium sulfate fertilizer is 10kg / mu to 15kg / mu.

3. the method for konjaku seed taro breeding and storage management according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The disinfection is carried out by simultaneously or alternately using ultraviolet disinfection and ozone fumigation disinfection; The power of the ultraviolet lamp is 30W~40W, the irradiation time is 2h~3h each time, and ultraviolet disinfection is performed 1~3 times a week.

4. the method for konjaku seed taro breeding and storage management according to claim 3, is characterized in that, The ozone concentration of the ozone fumigation disinfection is 0.5ppm~2ppm, each fumigation time is 1h~2h, and disinfection is carried out 2~3 times a month.

5. the method for konjaku seed taro breeding and storage management according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The 2- to 3-year-old konjac has full terminal buds, no scars, no mildew, and a weight of 10 g to 14 g.

6. the method for konjaku seed taro breeding and storage management according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The second stage of storage adopts gradual temperature increase, taking 15°C as the base, increasing 1°C every 3-5 days until the temperature reaches 18°C.

7. The method for breeding and storage management of konjac seed taro according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises placing the main corm seed taro and the rhizome seed taro in layers before storage, with a spacing of 20 cm to 30 cm between each layer.

8. The method for breeding and storage management of konjac seed taro according to claim 1, wherein After the main bulb is separated from the rhizome, it needs to be left to stand and copper sulfate solution should be applied to the wound until the wound heals.

9. The method for breeding and storing konjac seed taro according to claim 8, wherein: The mass percentage concentration of the copper sulfate solution is 0.1% to 0.5%.

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