Method for collecting sweetgum resin through film covering and storage method of sweetgum resin

Abstract

The invention provides a method for collecting liquidambar formosana resin through film covering and a storage method of the liquidambar formosana resin, and relates to the technical field of liquidambar formosana resin tapping, specifically, the method for collecting the liquidambar formosana resin through film covering comprises the following steps: (1) pretreatment, (2) bark treatment, (3) film covering and (4) subsequent resin tapping. In addition, after collection, the obtained liquidambar formosana hance resin is stored with sterilized water. The collection method is matched with the storage method, so that the collected resina liquidamberis is high in quality, the shelf life is prolonged, the resina collecting cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is increased.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of liquidambar resin tapping, and in particular to a method for collecting liquidambar resin by film covering and a storage method thereof. [Background technology]

[0002] Liquidambar resin is a colorless, transparent, viscous, oily, aromatic liquid secreted by Liquidambar trunks after artificial cutting. Liquidambar resin is separated by steam distillation to obtain liquidambar resin and liquidambar essential oil. The main components of liquidambar essential oil are dozens of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and aromatic compounds such as α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene and β-caryophyllene. Liquidambar essential oil has a unique aroma and is mainly used in the spice industry as an excellent fixative. Pharmacological studies have found that liquidambar essential oil has biological activities such as hemostasis and analgesia, vasodilator, anti-thrombosis, inhibition of cancer cell growth, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. Therefore, the uses of liquidambar resin and liquidambar essential oil products are becoming more and more extensive, the amount used is increasing, and the price is also increasing. The price of liquidambar essential oil has risen to 700 yuan / kg to 1,000 yuan / kg. The content of light components α-pinene, β-pinene, and camphene in the liquidambar essential oil components decreases, while the relative content of sesquiterpenes such as caryophyllene increases. This is because the boiling point of monoterpenes such as α-pinene is 156°C, while the boiling point of sesquiterpenes such as caryophyllene is 256°C; at room temperature of 30°C, the saturated vapor pressure of α-pinene is 0.73kPa, while the saturated vapor pressure of caryophyllene is 0.032kPa. It can be seen that the saturated vapor pressure of pinene is more than 20 times that of caryophyllene at the same temperature. Therefore, at room temperature of 30°C, the saturated vapor pressure of α-pinene is much higher than that of caryophyllene, that is, α-pinene is easier to volatilize than caryophyllene, which leads to a decrease in the content of light components in liquidambar essential oil and a relative increase in the content of heavy components, resulting in a decrease in the quality of liquidambar essential oil products and economic benefits.

[0003] In the traditional method of tapping the resin of liquidambar trees, the resin tapping process is exposed to the sun and rain in an open environment, and the liquidambar essential oil contained in the liquidambar resin will continue to evaporate and be lost, causing the liquidambar resin to form hard lumps that block the resin ducts and shorten the resin secretion time, thereby causing the loss of liquidambar essential oil production and a decrease in resin production. The quality of liquidambar resin and liquidambar essential oil products obtained by processing the collected liquidambar resin is reduced, and the color of the liquidambar resin is deepened.

[0004] Therefore, in order to meet market demand and increase the economic income of resin farmers, the method of tapping resin from Liquidambar trees should be transformed from the traditional extensive tapping method to the intensive tapping method, and the labor productivity of tapping resin from Liquidambar trees and the yield and quality of the collected liquidambar resin should be continuously improved. [Summary of the invention]

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for collecting liquidambar resin by film covering. The method of the present invention can ensure the quality of liquidambar resin, extend the shelf life of liquidambar resin, reduce the cost of collecting resin, and increase economic benefits.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for collecting liquidambar resin by film covering and a storage method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Pretreatment: Select the cutting surface, cut the middle groove and side groove on the trunk of the sweetgum tree, and install the grease guide and grease receiver;

[0009] That is, each Liquidambar tree is tapped using the traditional V-shaped descending resin tapping method. A cutting surface is made on the trunk of the Liquidambar tree, and then a cutting knife is used to cut a middle groove and a side groove. The side groove has an angle of 70° and penetrates 0.5 to 0.8 cm into the wood of the Liquidambar tree. Then, a grease guide and a grease receiver are installed at the lower end of the middle groove.

[0010] (2) Bark treatment: Use a bark scraper to cut a groove around the trunk 8-12 cm above the upper end of the first pair of side grooves. The groove should be deep enough to leave light red bark without cracks.

[0011] (3) Laminating: Use adhesive or fixing material to seal the film on the cut surface of the fat collection and the fat guide and fat receiver;

[0012] (4) Subsequent fat collection: Lift the film to collect fat, and cut a new side groove from top to bottom at the lower edge of the previous groove every 10-20 days. After cutting, use the film to seal it.

[0013] In the present invention, further, the sticky substance in step (3) is selected from one of double-sided self-adhesive stickers, single-sided self-adhesive stickers, and adhesives.

[0014] In the present invention, further, the fixing object in step (3) is a metal or non-metallic barb.

[0015] In the present invention, further, the film in step (3) is a plastic film.

[0016] In the present invention, further, the film is a layer of transparent film and a layer of silver-black two-color film stacked for use.

[0017] In the present invention, further, in the step (4), urea is applied to the cut surface of the fat collection during the fat collection process.

[0018] The present application also provides a storage method for the Liquidambar resin collected by the above method, which comprises sealing and storing the collected Liquidambar resin with sterilized water.

[0019] In the present invention, further, the sterilized water is obtained by the following method: tap water is boiled, then cooled to room temperature, and then sodium chloride accounting for 0.5-0.8% of the mass of the tap water is added to obtain the sterilized water.

[0020] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The present invention provides a method for collecting liquidambar resin by film coating, wherein a film is used to seal a resin collection cutting surface, a resin guide and a resin receiver, thereby prolonging the secretion time of liquidambar resin in the liquidambar resin duct, and reducing the volatilization of liquidambar essential oil in the collected liquidambar resin, so that the production and flow of resin form a virtuous cycle, thereby increasing the resin production amount, and not only that, but also ensuring that the collected liquidambar resin is of high quality and good quality; in addition, the applicant has found through experiments that the use of a double-layer film, i.e., a transparent film + a silver-black two-color film, can unexpectedly increase the essential oil content of the liquidambar resin; in addition, the use of urea on the resin collection cutting surface can obtain liquidambar resin of higher quality; the liquidambar resin collected by the method of the present invention has a simple storage method, and only needs to be sealed and stored with sterilized water to be stored for 300 days; the method of the present invention can ensure that the collected liquidambar resin can effectively prevent the "enzymatic browning" of the liquidambar resin, and the liquidambar resin has unchanged quality during storage and a longer storage time. [Specific implementation method]

[0022] The following embodiments may help those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but shall not limit the present invention in any way.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] This embodiment provides a method for collecting liquidambar resin by film covering, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0025] (1) Pretreatment: Select the cutting surface, cut the middle groove and side groove on the trunk of the sweetgum tree, and install the grease guide and grease receiver;

[0026] (2) Bark treatment: Use a bark scraper to cut a groove around the trunk 8 cm above the top of the first pair of side grooves. The groove should be deep enough to leave light red bark without cracks.

[0027] (3) Laminating: Use an adhesive or a fixing to seal the film on the cut surface of the fat collection and the fat guide and the fat receiver; the adhesive is selected from a double-sided self-adhesive sticker, a single-sided self-adhesive sticker, and an adhesive; the fixing is a metal or non-metallic barb; the film is a layer of transparent film and a layer of silver-black two-color film stacked together;

[0028] (4) Subsequent fat collection: Lift the film to collect fat, and cut a new side groove from top to bottom at the lower edge of the last cut groove every 10 days, and then seal it with film. During the fat collection process, apply urea on the cut surface.

[0029] This embodiment also provides a storage method for the Liquidambar resin collected by the above method, the method comprising sealing and storing the collected Liquidambar resin with sterilized water. The sterilized water is obtained by boiling tap water, cooling it to room temperature, and then adding sodium chloride accounting for 0.5% of the mass of the tap water to obtain the sterilized water.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] This embodiment provides a method for collecting liquidambar resin by film covering, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0032] (1) Pretreatment: Select the cutting surface, cut the middle groove and side groove on the trunk of the sweetgum tree, and install the grease guide and grease receiver;

[0033] (2) Bark treatment: Use a bark scraper to cut a groove around the trunk 10 cm above the upper end of the first pair of side grooves. The groove should be deep enough to leave light red bark without cracks.

[0034] (3) Laminating: Use an adhesive or a fixing to seal the film on the cut surface of the fat collection and the fat guide and the fat receiver; the adhesive is selected from a double-sided self-adhesive sticker, a single-sided self-adhesive sticker, and an adhesive; the fixing is a metal or non-metallic barb; the film is a layer of transparent film and a layer of silver-black two-color film stacked together;

[0035] (4) Subsequent fat collection: Lift the film to collect fat, and cut a new side groove from top to bottom at the lower edge of the last cut groove every 15 days, and then seal it with film. During the fat collection process, apply urea on the cut surface.

[0036] This embodiment also provides a storage method for the Liquidambar resin collected by the above method, the method comprising sealing and storing the collected Liquidambar resin with sterilized water. The sterilized water is obtained by boiling tap water, cooling it to room temperature, and then adding sodium chloride accounting for 0.6% of the mass of the tap water to obtain the sterilized water.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] This embodiment provides a method for collecting liquidambar resin by film covering, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0039] (1) Pretreatment: Select the cutting surface, cut the middle groove and side groove on the trunk of the sweetgum tree, and install the grease guide and grease receiver;

[0040] (2) Bark treatment: Use a bark scraper to cut a groove around the trunk 12 cm above the upper end of the first pair of side grooves. The groove should be deep enough to leave light red bark without cracks.

[0041] (3) Laminating: Use an adhesive or a fixing to seal the film on the cut surface of the fat collection and the fat guide and the fat receiver; the adhesive is selected from a double-sided self-adhesive sticker, a single-sided self-adhesive sticker, and an adhesive; the fixing is a metal or non-metallic barb; the film is a layer of transparent film and a layer of silver-black two-color film stacked together;

[0042] (4) Subsequent fat collection: Lift the film to collect fat, and cut a new side groove from top to bottom at the lower edge of the last cut groove every 20 days, and then seal it with film. During the fat collection process, apply urea on the cut surface.

[0043] This embodiment also provides a storage method for the Liquidambar resin collected by the above method, the method comprising sealing and storing the collected Liquidambar resin with sterile water. The sterile water is obtained by boiling tap water, cooling it to room temperature, and then adding sodium chloride accounting for 0.8% of the mass of the tap water to obtain the sterile water.

[0044] Test example:

[0045] In order to illustrate the practical value of the present application, the applicants compared the effects of fat collection in groups;

[0046] In this experiment, the fat collection period was from June 19 to August 20, 2024, with an average temperature of 30.9°C;

[0047] The specific groups are as follows:

[0048] The first group: the fat collection method and storage method described in Example 2 of the present application;

[0049] Group 2: Remove the film, other methods are the same as Group 1;

[0050] The third group: replace the film with a single-layer transparent film, and the other methods are the same as the first group;

[0051] The fourth group: the film is replaced with a single-layer silver-black two-color film, and the other methods are the same as the first group;

[0052] The fifth group: replace the film with a double-layer transparent film, and the other methods are the same as the first group;

[0053] Group 6: Replace the film with a double-layer silver-black two-color film, and the other methods are the same as the first group;

[0054] Group 7: Replace the film with a single layer of blue film, and the other methods are the same as those of Group 1;

[0055] Group 8: Replace the film with transparent film + blue film, and the other methods are the same as the first group;

[0056] Group 9: Replace the sterilized water with tap water, and the other methods are the same as those of Group 1;

[0057] Group 10: Replace the sodium chloride in the sterilized water with sodium hypochlorite, and the other methods are the same as those of Group 1;

[0058] Group 11: Remove the sodium chloride from the sterilized water, and the other methods are the same as those of Group 1;

[0059] Group 12: The operation of applying urea on the cut surface of the resin was removed, and the other methods were the same as those of Group 1;

[0060] Group 13: Replace urea with ethephon. Other methods are the same as those of Group 1.

[0061] The essential oil content, appearance and acid value of the Liquidambar formosana resin collected by the above-mentioned methods and the storage days under the storage method were tested. The results are shown in Table 1:

[0062] Table 1 Comparison of Liquidambar formosana resin under different treatment methods

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] According to the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the liquidambar resin collected by the method of the present application has good quality. In addition, the storage method of the liquidambar resin collected by the present application is simple, and it only needs to be sealed with the sterilized water of the present application, which means that the liquidambar resin obtained by the collection method of the present application can isolate most pathogens and extend its shelf life at the source. The sterilized water prepared by the method of the present application can effectively prevent the "enzymatic browning" of liquidambar resin, so that the quality of liquidambar resin remains unchanged during the storage process, and the storage time is longer.

[0066] In summary, the collection method of the present application is combined with the storage method to improve the quality of the collected maple resin and extend its shelf life, reduce the cost of collecting resin, and increase economic benefits.

[0067] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for collecting liquidambar resin by film covering, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Pretreatment: Select the cutting surface, cut the middle groove and side groove on the trunk of the sweetgum tree, and install the grease guide and grease receiver; (2) Bark treatment: Use a bark scraper to cut a groove around the trunk 8-12 cm above the upper end of the first pair of side grooves. The groove should be deep enough to leave light red bark without cracks. (3) Laminating: Use adhesive or fixing material to seal the film on the cut surface of the fat collection and the fat guide and fat receiver; (4) Subsequent fat collection: Lift the film to collect fat, and cut a new side groove from top to bottom at the lower edge of the previous groove every 10-20 days. After cutting, use the film to seal it.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step (3), the sticky material is selected from a double-sided self-adhesive sticker, a single-sided self-adhesive sticker, and an adhesive.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the fixing object is a metal or non-metallic barb.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film in step (3) is a plastic film.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The film is a layer of transparent film and a layer of silver-black two-color film stacked for use.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step (4), urea is applied to the cut surface of the fat extraction process.

7. A method for storing liquidambar resin collected by the method according to claims 1-6, characterized in that: The method comprises the steps of sealing and storing the collected Liquidambar formosana resin with sterilized water.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The sterilized water is obtained by the following method: tap water is boiled, then cooled to room temperature, and then sodium chloride accounting for 0.5-0.8% of the mass of the tap water is added to obtain the sterilized water.

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