Split type minimally invasive aorta blocking forceps

Abstract

The pair of split type minimally invasive aorta blocking forceps comprises a first four-connecting-rod mechanism and a second four-connecting-rod mechanism which are of a long and narrow structure, the first four-connecting-rod mechanism is used for driving a forceps head to be folded or unfolded, and the second four-connecting-rod mechanism is driven through a handle; a positioning protrusion is arranged on the first four-bar mechanism, a positioning groove is formed in the second four-bar mechanism, and the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove are matched in an inserted mode so that the first four-bar mechanism and the second four-bar mechanism can be connected into a whole to be in synchronous linkage. The first four-bar mechanism is further provided with an unlockable locking mechanism used for folding and locking the tong heads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a split minimally invasive aortic occluding forceps. Background Art

[0002] In cardiac surgery, it is necessary to use a clamp to block the ascending aorta, then stop the heart, create a bloodless and static surgical field, and then complete the intracardiac surgery. For example, the Chinese patent published on October 15, 2021, with the patent publication number CN214387592U, discloses an aortic clamp for thoracoscopic cardiac surgery. By setting a flexible rack on the clamp head, the rack has a certain deformation when the first clamp head and the second clamp head are closed and clamped, which can avoid direct hard compression of the aorta, prevent damage to the aorta, reduce surgical trauma, and improve the safety of the operation. In minimally invasive cardiac surgery, the placement of the clamp often requires an additional small incision to place the minimally invasive cardiac surgery clamp (Chitwood clamp), which increases the surgical steps and postoperative hemostasis time. At the same time, the clamp remains in the body cavity, affecting the exposure operation. The existing split aortic clamp (Glauber clamp) is the only split clamp currently available. It has no hand-feel feedback when blocking, and its locking structure is a threaded rotation lock. There is a risk that the clamp cannot be opened, and it has not yet been widely accepted. ; Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the invention aims to invent a split-type blocking forceps used in minimally invasive cardiac surgery, with the goal of simplifying the operation, improving exposure, blocking safety, being closer to traditional operating habits and hand feel, and ensuring that the jaws will never be unable to open. The present invention provides a split-type minimally invasive aortic blocking forceps and a construction method to achieve the above goals.

[0004] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A split minimally invasive aortic occluding forceps comprises a first four-bar linkage and a second four-bar linkage in a long and narrow structure, wherein the first four-bar linkage is used to drive the clamp head to close or open, and the second four-bar linkage is driven by a handle; a positioning protrusion is provided on the first four-bar linkage, and a positioning groove is provided on the second four-bar linkage, and the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove are plugged together to connect the first four-bar linkage and the second four-bar linkage into one and synchronously link; the first four-bar linkage 100 is also provided with an unlockable locking mechanism for closing and locking the clamp head.

[0006] Preferably, the unlockable locking mechanism includes a first sawtooth member and a second sawtooth member arranged on a first four-bar linkage, wherein the upper end of the first sawtooth member is fixed to the outer side wall of the upper link of the first four-bar linkage, and the lower end extends downward at an angle; the lower end of the second sawtooth member is fixed to the outer side wall of the lower link of the first four-bar linkage, and the upper end extends upward at an angle; when the first four-bar linkage drives the pliers head to close, the first sawtooth member and the second sawtooth member 502 are engaged in one-way meshing; the first sawtooth member and the second sawtooth member are dislocated by a shifting rod.

[0007] Preferably, the lever is movably and slidably arranged on the side of the second four-bar linkage and is connected with a return spring.

[0008] Preferably, the unlockable locking mechanism is a torsion spring installed on the hinge shaft of the first four-bar linkage, the movable clamp head and the fixed clamp head of the pliers are in a normally closed state, and the handle is in a closed state when the first four-bar linkage and the second four-bar linkage are connected as one.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the upper link and the bottom of the lower link in the first four-bar linkage are provided with a hook groove, and also include a locking rod, the middle part of the locking rod is rotatably connected to the shaft seat of the upper and lower links in the second four-bar linkage, and a spring is installed in the shaft, the locking rod is tilted by pressing the tail, the front end of the locking rod is used to cooperate with the hook groove, and an inclined guide surface is provided in front of the hook groove.

[0010] Preferably, the top surfaces of the upper link and the lower link in the second four-bar linkage are provided with avoidance grooves, and the avoidance grooves are used to avoid interference with the downward movement of the tail of the locking rod.

[0011] Preferably, the handle is provided with positioning racks that cooperate with each other.

[0012] The present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0013] The clamp handle of this solution adopts a four-link structure, which is convenient for use in a narrow space. No additional incision is required, and the blockage can be performed in the autonomous incision, which is beneficial to the patient's postoperative recovery and reduces adverse events such as bleeding and subcutaneous emphysema.

[0014] The clamp handle includes a first four-bar linkage and a second four-bar linkage, and a first sawtooth member and a second sawtooth member are arranged on the first four-bar linkage. After the first four-bar linkage and the second four-bar linkage are separated, the first sawtooth member and the second sawtooth member cooperate to prevent the clamp head from loosening; the second four-bar linkage can be separated to reduce the occupied space and facilitate the use of other instruments in subsequent surgeries. The lever plays a role in separating the first sawtooth member and the second sawtooth member, which facilitates the separation of the first four-bar linkage and the second four-bar linkage.

[0015] In order to prevent the first four-bar linkage and the second four-bar linkage from being separated at will, a clamping assembly is designed to ensure that the first four-bar linkage and the second four-bar linkage are connected as one in a normal state;

[0016] In order to prevent the second four-bar linkage from changing shape randomly after being pulled out, which is not conducive to the subsequent rapid alignment, a positioning rack is designed to ensure that the shape of the second four-bar linkage is fixed after being pulled out; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention when connected as one;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the locking lever of Embodiment 1 of the present invention when it is opened;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of separation of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamp head of Embodiment 2 of the present invention when it is opened;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the shifting lever and the first sawtooth member and the second sawtooth member of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the shift lever of the present invention (including the return spring).

[0023] The reference numerals in the figure are:

[0024] 100, first four-bar linkage; 101, positioning protrusion 101; 102, hook groove; 103, guide surface;

[0025] 200, pliers head; 201, movable pliers head;

[0026] 300. second four-bar linkage; 301. positioning groove;

[0027] 400, handle; 401, fixed handle; 402, movable handle;

[0028] 501, first sawtooth member; 502, second sawtooth member; 503, lever;

[0029] 600, locking rod; 601, shaft seat; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] like Figure 1 , 2 , 3, and 5 show: a split minimally invasive aortic clamp, comprising a first four-bar linkage 100 and a second four-bar linkage 300 of a narrow and long structure, wherein the first four-bar linkage 100 is used to drive the clamp head 200 to close or open, and the second four-bar linkage 300 is driven by a handle 400; the handle 400 is provided with positioning racks that cooperate with each other;

[0033] The first four-bar linkage 100 is provided with a positioning protrusion 101, and the second four-bar linkage 300 is provided with a positioning groove 301. The positioning protrusion 101 and the positioning groove 300 are plugged into and matched with each other so that the first four-bar linkage 100 and the second four-bar linkage 300 are connected as a whole and synchronously linked; the first four-bar linkage 100 is also provided with an unlockable locking mechanism for closing and locking the pliers head 200.

[0034] The unlockable locking mechanism includes a first sawtooth member 501 and a second sawtooth member 502 arranged on the first four-bar linkage 100, the upper end of the first sawtooth member 501 is fixed to the outer side wall of the upper connecting rod of the first four-bar linkage 100, and the lower end extends downward at an angle; the lower end of the second sawtooth member 502 is fixed to the outer side wall of the lower connecting rod of the first four-bar linkage 100, and the upper end extends upward at an angle; when the first four-bar linkage 100 drives the pliers head 200 to close, the first sawtooth member 501 and the second sawtooth member 502 are unidirectionally meshed and matched; the first sawtooth member 501 and the second sawtooth member 502 are dislocated by the shifting rod 503.

[0035] The top of the upper link and the bottom of the lower link in the first four-bar linkage 100 are provided with a hook groove 102, and also include a locking rod 600. The middle part of the locking rod 600 is rotatably connected to the shaft seat 601 of the upper and lower links in the second four-bar linkage 300, and a spring is installed in the shaft. The locking rod 600 is tilted up by pressing the tail, and the front end of the locking rod 600 is used to hook and cooperate with the hook groove 102, and an inclined guide surface 103 is provided in front of the hook groove 102.

[0036] The top surfaces of the upper link and the lower link in the second four-bar linkage 300 are provided with avoidance grooves 602 , and the avoidance grooves 602 are used to avoid interference with the downward movement of the tail of the locking rod 600 .

[0037] In this solution, the first four-bar linkage 100 includes an upper link, a left link, a lower link, and a right link that are hinged in sequence to form a parallelogram. The left link and the right link are relatively short, so that the first four-bar linkage 100 forms a narrow and long structure and can move in a relatively small space.

[0038] The clamp head 200 includes a fixed clamp head 201 and a movable clamp head 202. The fixed clamp head 201 is relatively fixed to the left end of the lower connecting rod, and the movable clamp head 202 is relatively fixed to the middle part of the left connecting rod.

[0039] The upper end of the first serrated member 501 is fixed to the outer wall of the upper connecting rod, and the lower end extends obliquely downward; the lower end of the second serrated member 502 is fixed to the outer wall of the lower connecting rod 1, and the upper end extends obliquely upward; one end of the first serrated member 501 and the second serrated member 502 is fixed while the other end is suspended so as to have a certain elastic deformation ability.

[0040] The second four-bar linkage 300 includes an upper link, a left link, a lower link and a right link that are hinged in sequence to form a parallelogram, wherein the upper link and the lower link are relatively long and both have a positioning groove 301 at their left ends, and the left link and the right link are relatively short, so that the second four-bar linkage 300 forms a narrow and long structure and can move in a relatively small space;

[0041] The handle 400 includes a fixed handle 401 and a movable handle 402 . The fixed handle 401 is fixed to the right end of the second upper connecting rod 301 , and the movable handle 402 is fixed to the middle of the second right connecting rod 304 .

[0042] When in use, the positioning protrusion 101 at the right end of the first upper link is inserted into the positioning groove 301 of the second upper link, and the positioning protrusion 101 at the right end of the first lower link is inserted into the positioning groove 301 of the second lower link, so that the first four-bar linkage 100 and the second four-bar linkage 300 form an eight-bar linkage synchronously linked.

[0043] The user holds the fixed handle 401 and the movable handle 402 in one hand, and drives the movable handle 402 relatively close to the fixed handle 401. During this process, the first four-bar linkage 100 and the second four-bar linkage 300 synchronously drive the movable clamp head 202 close to the fixed clamp head 201, and the first lower connecting rod 103, the second lower connecting rod 303 and the fixed clamp head 201 are relatively fixed; the movable clamp head 202 and the fixed clamp head 201 cooperate to clamp the blood vessel to achieve a blocking effect; during this process, the first upper connecting rod 101 moves relatively to the left, so that the first serrated member 501 approaches the second serrated member 502 to the left and engages (clamps) unidirectionally, and the first serrated member 501 and the second serrated member 502 engage to prevent the clamp head 200 that clamps the blood vessel from loosening.

[0044] The movement of the user's hand is directly related to the clamping degree of the clamp head 200, and the clamping degree can be judged by hand feel.

[0045] When the second four-bar linkage 300 needs to be separated from the first four-bar linkage 100 , the rear end of the locking rod 600 is pinched or pressed downward by a clip to make its front end leave the hook groove 102 , and the second four-bar linkage 300 can be pulled out.

[0046] The handle 400 is provided with mutually cooperating positioning racks, so that the separated second four-bar linkage 300 can maintain the state before separation, which is convenient for subsequent docking.

[0047] Since the front end of the locking rod 600 needs to be hooked into the hook groove 102 in the connected state, the front end of the conventional lower locking rod 600 is lower than the surface of the upper connecting rod and the first lower connecting rod of the first four-bar linkage 100 under the action of the spring in the shaft seat 601. Therefore, it is necessary to design a guide surface 103 so that the front end of the locking rod 600 in the normal state can slide along the guide surface 103 and be hooked into the hook groove 102, so that the second four-bar linkage 300 and the first four-bar linkage 100 can be connected as a whole when docking.

[0048] When it is necessary to loosen or relax the blood vessel, a lever is used, and the left end of the lever is inserted between the middle of the first serrated piece 501 and the outer wall of the first upper connecting rod, so that the first serrated piece 501 is slightly elastically deformed and disengaged from the second serrated piece 502; then the movable clamp head 202 can be driven away from the fixed clamp head 201 to loosen the blood vessel.

[0049] Embodiment 2: Figure 6 As shown,

[0050] The entire contents of the first embodiment are included, and the shifting rod is movably and slidably arranged on the side of the second four-bar linkage 300 and is connected with a return spring.

[0051] The right end of the lever 503 is provided with a hand push portion to facilitate the operation of the fingers holding the fixed handle 401, and the left end of the lever 503 is designed to be inclined to facilitate insertion between the middle of the first sawtooth member 501 and the outer wall of the first upper connecting rod. The first sawtooth member 501 is chamfered at the corners near the first upper connecting rod and the left end of the lever 503, which further facilitates the insertion of the left end of the lever 503.

[0052] An elastic component is arranged between the shifting rod 503 and the second upper connecting rod, and the shifting rod 503 moves left and right and is pushed by the elastic component toward restoration.

[0053] Embodiment 3: Figure 4As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that the unlockable locking mechanism is a torsion spring 104 installed on the hinge shaft (two lower shafts shown in the figure) of the first four-bar linkage 100, the movable clamp head 201 and the fixed clamp head 202 of the clamp head 200 are in a normally closed state, and the handle 400 needs to be in a normally closed state when the first four-bar linkage 100 and the second four-bar linkage 300 are connected as one.

[0054] When using this solution, the handle 400 needs to be opened first, and the eight-link formed by the first four-link mechanism 100 and the second four-link mechanism 300, under the fixed cooperation between the front end of the locking rod 600 and the hook groove 102, the pliers head 200 is opened, and after being inserted into the body, the handle 400 is closed (released), and the pliers head 200 is automatically closed under the action of the torsion spring 104. Then, the first four-link mechanism 100 and the second four-link mechanism 300 can be separated by squeezing the locking rod 600, so that the first four-link mechanism 100 and the pliers head 200 are kept in the body; the problem that the existing threaded connection is difficult to separate is solved, and it can be separated smoothly when it can be opened and closed in linkage.

[0055] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific implementation of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A split minimally invasive aortic clamp, comprising a first four-bar linkage (100) and a second four-bar linkage (300) in a narrow and long structure, wherein the first four-bar linkage (100) is used to drive the clamp head (2) (0) (0) to close or open, and the second four-bar linkage (300) is driven by a handle (400); characterized in that: The first four-bar linkage (100) is provided with a positioning protrusion (101), and the second four-bar linkage (300) is provided with a positioning groove (301); the positioning protrusion (101) and the positioning groove (300) are plugged and matched so that the first four-bar linkage (100) and the second four-bar linkage (300) are connected as a whole and synchronously linked; the first four-bar linkage (100) is also provided with an unlockable locking mechanism for closing and locking the pliers head (200).

2. The split minimally invasive aortic clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unlockable locking mechanism comprises a first sawtooth member (501) and a second sawtooth member (502) arranged on a first four-bar linkage (100); the upper end of the first sawtooth member (501) is fixed to the outer side wall of the upper link of the first four-bar linkage (100), and the lower end extends obliquely downward; the lower end of the second sawtooth member (502) is fixed to the outer side wall of the lower link of the first four-bar linkage (100), and the upper end extends obliquely upward; when the first four-bar linkage (100) drives the pliers head (200) to close, the first sawtooth member (501) and the second sawtooth member (502) are engaged in a one-way manner; and the first sawtooth member (501) and the second sawtooth member (502) are displaced by a displacing rod (503).

3. The split minimally invasive aortic clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shifting rod is movably and slidably arranged on the side of the second four-bar linkage (300) and is connected to a return spring.

4. The split minimally invasive aortic clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unlockable locking mechanism is a torsion spring (104) installed on the hinge shaft of the first four-bar linkage (100); the movable jaw (201) and the fixed jaw (202) of the jaw (200) are in a normally closed state; and the handle (400) is in a closed state when the first four-bar linkage (100) and the second four-bar linkage (300) are connected as one.

5. The split minimally invasive aortic clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the upper link and the bottom of the lower link in the first four-bar linkage (100) are provided with a hook groove (102), and also include a locking rod (600), the middle part of the locking rod (600) is rotatably connected to the shaft seat (601) of the upper and lower links in the second four-bar linkage (300), and a spring is installed in the shaft, the locking rod (600) is tilted by pressing the tail, the front end of the locking rod (600) is used to hook and cooperate with the hook groove (102), and an inclined guide surface (103) is provided in front of the hook groove (102).

6. The split minimally invasive aortic clamp according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top surfaces of the upper link and the lower link in the second four-link mechanism (300) are provided with avoidance grooves (602), and the avoidance grooves (602) are used to avoid interference with the downward movement of the tail of the locking rod (600).

7. The split minimally invasive aortic clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle (400) is provided with mutually cooperating positioning racks.

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